Vehicle-bridge Coupling Vibration Analysis Research Articles

Fatigue Evaluation of CFST Arch Bridge Based on Vehicle–Bridge Coupling Vibration Analysis

Fatigue Evaluation of CFST Arch Bridge Based on Vehicle–Bridge Coupling Vibration Analysis

Analysis of Vehicle-Bridge Coupling Vibration Characteristics of Curved Girder Bridges

When vehicles move on a bridge, the coupling effect between vehicles and bridges can affect driving safety and comfort, especially for curved bridges, therefore, choosing reasonable design parameters for curved bridges is crucial. In this article, a three-span curved continuous box-girder bridge was taken as the research object; the entire process of vehicle-bridge coupling vibration of highway curved girder bridges was conducted via numerical simulation and the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis program Cmck 1.0 was developed. Then, the influence factors such as curvature radius, constraint mode, and vehicle characteristics on the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration of curved girder bridges were explored. The results showed that as the curvature radius increased, the dynamic response of the bridge offered a gradually decreasing trend and compared to the vertical dynamic response, the torsional response was more sensitive to the influence of the curvature radius. Different constraint methods significantly impacted the dynamic response of bridges, and the vertical and torsional dynamic responses of bridges under general constraint arrangement of straight bridges were increased compared to those under boundary conditions for curved beam bridges. As the axle load of the car decreases, the bridge mid-span vertical and torsional dynamic responses showed a decreasing trend. In contrast, the lateral dynamic response gradually increased.

Indirect identification of bridge damage based on coupled vehicle–bridge vibration and 2D-CNN

This study puts forth a methodology to discern structural damage in bridges that employs two-dimensional convolutional neural network (2D-CNN), which is rooted in the principles of continuous wavelet transform (CWT) theory. The method combines the vehicle–bridge coupled vibration response with deep learning models to extend the application of indirect bridge damage identification methods. To test the proposed method, a spatial vehicle and bridge computational model is established for a three-span continuous beam bridge, and bridge damage is simulated by reducing the stiffness of the unit under different damage conditions. Considering the stochastic nature of road roughness, a self-developed vehicle–bridge coupled vibration analysis program is utilized to acquire the vehicle acceleration response signal and construct the dataset. The 2D-CNN model, with its high sensitivity to 2D data features, is used to extract features from the vehicle vertical acceleration vibration signal. The signal undergoes transformation via CWT, resulting in a 2D grayscale time-frequency image. This image is subsequently utilised as input to construct the 2D-CNN model. Results demonstrate that this method performs well in the identification of bridge structural damage, exhibiting high accuracy in identifying the location and severity of such damage. Thus, a novel avenue is provided for the identification and assessment of bridge structural damage.

Dynamic Response Impact of Vehicle Braking on Simply Supported Beam Bridges with Corrugated Steel Webs Based on Vehicle-Bridge Coupled Vibration Analysis

Dynamic Response Impact of Vehicle Braking on Simply Supported Beam Bridges with Corrugated Steel Webs Based on Vehicle-Bridge Coupled Vibration Analysis

Study on the Dynamic Response of Composite Box Girder Bridges with Corrugated Steel Webs

To more accurately consider the dynamic response of composite box girder bridges with corrugated steel webs under the effect of live loads, based on the theory of vehicle-bridge coupled vibration, a refined finite element model of vehicle-bridge coupled vibration analysis for composite box girders was established. The advanced dynamic response analysis of composite box girders with corrugated steel webs and traditional concrete box girders with 30 m single boxes and single cells, as well as with 50 m single boxes and multiple cells, was carried out. The research revealed that the natural vibration frequency of the composite box girder with corrugated steel webs is lower than that of the corresponding concrete box girder. When the bridge deck condition is poor, the dynamic impact coefficient of the composite box girder is much larger than that of the concrete box girder. When the bridge deck is in poor condition, the dynamic impact response is significantly enhanced, and the difference is significantly compared with that when the bridge deck is in good condition, which is greater than three times and even six times at the maximum. Both the difference in the vehicle model and the change in the vehicle speed influence the dynamic impact coefficient of the composite box girder.

Numerical Analysis of the Influence of Prestressed Steel Wires on Vehicle-Bridge Coupling Vibration of Simply Supported Beams on High-Speed Railway

By the theory of vehicle-bridge coupled vibration analysis in railways, the dynamic analysis model for space of the train-track-bridge-steel wires coupled system was established. Moreover, a corresponding program was compiled based on the train-track-bridge-steel wires coupling vibration analysis method. Taking a 32 m simple beam which is in high-speed railways as the subject of study, the influence of effective prestress, steel wires eccentricity and vehicle speed on the dynamic response of the vehicle-bridge coupled vibration was analysed. The results show that the bridge dynamic response is remarkably influenced by prestressed steel wires. With the prestress increasing, the crest of the vertical dynamic response at the midspan decreased first, then increased. Moreover, the minimum peak value appeared when the prestress was 1300 MPa. When the steel wires were deflected downward relative to the design position, the vertical displacement of the bridge decreased by more than when the downshift occurred. The extreme values of the bridge lateral dynamic response and the train body acceleration response appeared when the train ran at 300 km/h. Prestressed steel wires had little effect on the dynamic response in the transverse direction of the bridge and train body.

Vibration analysis of the continuous beam bridge considering the action of jump impacting

In the existing vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis, the vehicle model was mostly coupled with the bridge node by interpolation methodology, therefore, it was difficult to accurately consider the bridge vibration response under the condition of vehicle-bridge separation. In order to further study the effect of vehicle jumping impact on the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration system, a model which can describe the vehicle jumping impact process is established based on a designed integrated simulation platform with the interface contact algorithm. The effects of jumping impact on wheel contact force and bridge vibration displacement response were studied under two parameters including jumping height and vehicle speed. The simulation results show that the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration considering the action of the vehicle jump impacting can be effectively analyzed and the wheel contact forces/displacements are significantly affected by the jumping height.

Reinforcement Effect Evaluation on Dynamic Characteristics of an Arch Bridge Based on Vehicle-Bridge Coupled Vibration Analysis

To numerically evaluate the reinforcement effect on dynamic characteristics of a concrete-filled steel tube arch bridge with vibration problems, a 12-degree-of-freedom sprung-mass dynamic vehicle model and a 3D finite element bridge model were established. Then, the coupled equations of vehicle-bridge interaction were derived and a computer program was developed using the FORTRAN language. This program can accurately simulate vehicle-bridge coupled vibration considering the bumping effect and road surface irregularity during motion of the vehicle. The simulated results were compared with those of relevant literatures to verify the correctness of the self-developed program. Then, three reinforcement schemes for the bridge (Addition of longitudinal beams, Reinforcement of bridge decks, and Replacement of suspenders) were proposed and numerically simulated, and the vibration reduction effects of the three schemes were evaluated based on the numerical results to find effective ones. It is confirmed that the reinforcement scheme of Addition of longitudinal beams shows the most significant vibration reduction effect. It is recommended in the engineering practice that the combination of the reinforcement schemes of Addition of longitudinal beams and Replacement of bridge deck can be used to solve the excessive vibration problem.

Vehicle-Bridge Coupling Vibration Analysis for Simply Supported Girders of High-Speed Railway Bridges Based on the Cross-Sectional Decentralized Centre of Mass and Shear

Taking the simply supported box girder bridge of high-speed railway as an example, the effect of cross-sectional decentralized centre of mass and shear on the spatial beam element stiffness matrix was theoretically derived. Based on the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis method of the railway bridge, an analysis program of vehicle-bridge coupling vibration for the high-speed railway was compiled, and its reliability was verified through an example analysis. On this basis, considering the cross-sectional decentralized centre of mass and shear, the influence factors of vehicle-bridge coupling vibration response were studied, which included the offset distance of the beam section’s mass and shear centre, offset distance of track centreline, vehicle weight, and vehicle speed. The results show that the additional items of the spatial beam element stiffness matrix are generated by the torsion effect when the cross-sectional decentralized centre of mass and shear is considered, and it will affect the lateral and vertical stiffness of the element. The cross-sectional decentralized centre of mass and shear has a significant effect on the lateral dynamic response of the bridge’s mid-span, but the influence on the vertical response of the bridge and the dynamic response of the car body is small. The main influence factors of the lateral dynamic response of the bridge are the vertical offset distance of the beam section’s centre of mass and shear, the lateral offset distance of the track centreline, and the vehicle weight.

Permanent deformation limits of long-span track cable-stayed bridges based on service performance analysis

With the continuous service time, long-span track cable-stayed bridges are inevitably affected by material time-varying and fatigue load periodic effects, and permanent down-deflection phenomenon is inevitable. The down-deflection of the main girder would lead to the irregularity of bridge deck, which would directly affect the running comfort and safety of the train. The permanent deformation control value should be set reasonably. In this paper, based on the research and analysis of domestic and foreign codes and standards, the evaluation criteria for the service performance of long-span track cable-stayed bridges was determined, aiming at the problem of deformation classification control in the service stage of the long-span track cable-stayed bridge. The limit of permanent deformation of main girder was analyzed, and the decision processing was put forward and applied to an engineering example. According to the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis, the maximum vertical deformation safety control value in the service stage is L/400, and the pre-warning control value is L/500. With the non-permanent deformation value β deducted, the permanent deformation safety control value is L/400- β, and the pre-warning control value is L/500- β. The rationality of the grading control limit of permanent deformation based on service performance analysis has been verified by application analysis.

Research on the Influence of Pavement Roughness Level on the Driving Comfort

The car-bridge pavement roughness level has a great influence on the vibration of the coupled system and on the driving comfort. Numerical simulation model of vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis is established to study the vehicle-bridge system while vehicle running on a long-span bridge. The vibration characteristics of vehicle-bridge system and the driving comfort of vehicle are studied while vehicle running on a long-span bridge under different pavement roughness level. The results show that, the vertical impact coefficient and the comfort evaluation index both gradually increase with the improving level of roughness.

Influence of central buckle on suspension bridge dynamic characteristics and driving comfort

The central buckle, which is often used in a suspension bridge, can improve bridges’ performance in the actual operation condition. The influence of the central buckle on natural vibration characteristics and bridge-deck driving comfort of a long-span suspension bridge is studied by using a case study of Siduhe Suspension Bridge in China. Based on the finite element software ANSYS and independently complied program, the influence of the central buckle on the structure force-applied characteristics of a long-span suspension bridge has been explored. The results show that the huge increases of natural frequencies can result in the presence of central buckles because of the increases of bending and torsional rigidities. The central buckle basically makes the stiffening girders and cables within the triangular area covered as a relatively approximate rigid area. Hence, the central buckle can reduce the torsional displacement of the main girder. However, the increases of bending and torsional rigidities have little influence on the impact factor, which is obtained by using vehicle-bridge coupled vibration analysis. This means that the central buckle has little effect on the comfort indices. In addition, it is found that the central buckle can enhance the bridge deck’s driving stability due to the decrease of the torsional displacements of the main girder.

Dynamic responses of a three-span continuous girder bridge with variable cross-section based on vehicle–bridge coupled vibration analysis

This paper is concerned with the dynamic responses of a three-span continuous girder bridge with variable cross-section under moving vehicular loads based on the vehicle--bridge coupled vibration analysis. Numerical simulation is used to study the bridge response. Moreover, the effects of different parameters on dynamic load allowance (DLA) and vibration accelerations of the bridge and the vehicle body are discussed. From numerical results, it has been proved that the pavement roughness is the most important factor. In addition, the tested value of DLA cannot be compared with the design value directly. Also, the speed and weight of vehicles limitation is not always an effective way to ensure the safety of the bridge. It may provide some theoretical basis for the design and evaluation of dynamic bridge performance and these are important factors for the maintenance of bridge operations.

Numerical Simulation Method of Track Irregularities Based on Secondary Filtering

Track irregularities are the only external excitation in vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis and therefore the numerical simulation method of track irregularities is very important. The U.S. frequency spectrum is usually employed to simulate the track irregularities in China. In this paper, the secondary filtering method is introduced to the simulation of track irregularities and MATLAB programing is employed to simulate an example. Based on the comparison of the simulation results and the objective function, it is indicated that the simulation result is reliable and the method is feasible.

Comfort Analysis of Large-Span Continuous Girder Bridges to Moving Vehicular Loads

To address the drawback of comfort evaluation on Highway Bridges due to moving vehicular loads, a large-span continuous girder bridge, namely Yilan Songhua River Highway Bridge, is studied in detail. The pedestrians comfort and riding comfort of the selected bridge under both single-vehicle and multi-vehicle are analyzed by our computer programs VBCVA (vehicle-bridge coupled vibration analysis) which is based on modal synthesis method and VCE (vibration comfort evaluation) which is based on existing common evaluation criteria. The peak accelerations of vehicles and the bridge are significantly influenced by the increase in bridge surface roughness as speed increases. Pedestrians acceleration induced by truck is larger than that induced by car. Except at the abutment span where the resonance speed is lower than other spans, the comfort of pedestrians at different locations of the mid-span are practically the same for various speeds. The riding comfort influenced by the truck on adjacent lane is dependent on the relative value between the dynamic response of the bridge and its roughness. For continuous girder bridges, because of the smaller dynamic response induced by the truck on adjacent lane compared to that induced by the roughness of the lane itself, the influence between adjacent lanes can be ignored. Finally, it is shown that the pedestrian comfort and riding comfort of the newly built Yilan Songhua River Bridge could meet the existing requirements in normal operation.

Vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis based fatigue reliability prediction of prestressed concrete highway bridges

The extensive use of prestressed reinforced concrete (PSC) highway bridges in marine environment drastically increases the sensitivity to both fatigue-and corrosion-induced damage of their critical structural components during their service lives. Within this scenario, an integrated method that is capable of evaluating the fatigue reliability, identifying a condition-based maintenance, and predicting the remaining service life of its critical components is therefore needed. To accomplish this goal, a procedure for fatigue reliability prediction of PSC highway bridges is proposed in the present study. Vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis is performed for obtaining the equivalent moment ranges of critical section of bridges under typical fatigue truck models. Three-dimensional nonlinear mathematical models of fatigue trucks are simplified as an eleven-degree-of-freedom system. Road surface roughness is simulated as zero-mean stationary Gaussian random processes using the trigonometric series method. The time-dependent stress-concentration factors of reinforcing bars and prestressing tendons are accounted for more accurate stress ranges determination. The limit state functions are constructed according to the Miner's linear damage rule, the time-dependent S-N curves of prestressing tendons and the site-specific stress cycle prediction. The effectiveness of the methodology framework is demonstrated to a T-type simple supported multi-girder bridge for fatigue reliability evaluation.

Bridge-vehicle coupled vibration response and static test data based damage identification of highway bridges

In order to identify damage of highway bridges rapidly, a method for damage identification using dynamic response of bridge induced by moving vehicle and static test data is proposed. To locate damage of the structure, displacement energy damage index defined from the energy of the displacement response time history is adopted as the indicator. The displacement response time histories of bridge structure are obtained from simulation of vehicle-bridge coupled vibration analysis. The vehicle model is considered as a four-degree-of-freedom system, and the vibration equations of the vehicle model are deduced based on the D'Alembert principle. Finite element method is used to discretize bridge and finite element model is set up. According to the condition of displacement and force compatibility between vehicle and bridge, the vibration equations of the vehicle and bridge models are coupled. A Newmark-<TEX>${\beta}$</TEX> algorithm based professional procedure VBAP is developed in MATLAB, and used to analyze the vehicle-bridge system coupled vibration. After damage is located by employing the displacement energy damage index, the damage extent is estimated through the least-square-method based model updating using static test data. At last, taking one simply supported bridge as an illustrative example, some damage scenarios are identified using the proposed damage identification methodology. The results indicate that the proposed method is efficient for damage localization and damage extent estimation.

The Study on Bridge Coupled Vibration System Analysis Model

On the base of modal synthesis theory, the self-compiling vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis program was used to analyze the vehicle dynamic response and passing vehicle riding comfort of cable-stayed bridge. Compared with the impact of different factors on vehicle riding comfort, this method provides a useful theoretical reference to correlated evaluation research and management maintenance. The influence of driving speed on comfort is not obvious. The research makes reference to correlated project evaluation in procedure and method.

Effective Pre-Stress Identification for a Simply-Supported PRC Bridge Based on the Dynamic Response Induced by the Passing Vehicle

A new method is proposed to identify the bridge effective pre-stress from the dynamic responses induced by the vehicle moving on a simply-supported beam bridge with eccentric straight pre-stress, based on the sensitivity analysis. The bridge is modeled as Euler beam elements and the moving vehicle is modeled as a two-degree freedom system with five parameters. After calculating dynamic responses of the bridge by vehicle-bridge coupled vibration analysis, the dynamic responses sensitivity can be obtained by using the direct derivation method, and the regularization method is adopted to identify the effective pre-stress. The effects on the identified results from different responses, different measuring locations and different road surface roughness are considered in the numerical simulations. The simulation studies indicate that the proposed method can be used to identify the effective pre-stress accurately and effectively for a simply-supported PRC beam bridges.

Testing and Statistics Analysis on Dynamic Response of Expressway Bridge under Various Vehicles

Nowadays, with the rapid development of the traffic infrastructure construction and the growing of the traffic flowing and speed, the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration research has become the focus of the bridge engineering study. The dynamic response of the bridge under the traffic flowing is one of the vital parameters for the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis. In this paper, a methodology, employing the speed radar gun, the video recorder, and the dynamic strain tester in combination with manually recording is used to continuously and detailed investigate the traffic loads on the expressway bridge within 24 hours a day. With this approach introduced by this paper, all the critical parameters, such as the vehicle type, speed, traffic lane, the arriving time of the traffic and the bridge-vehicle dynamic interaction are all recorded. In this investigation, firstly the dynamic responses of 8 pieces of girders of the bridge under 5650 individual vehicles driving through the bridge are recorded, then in conjunction with the investigated traffic flowing samples, in terms of the vehicle type, some detailed statistics study is conducted on the collected records, and finally the space-time distribution laws of the dynamic response of the bridge under the traffic flowing are studied extensively. The result of this study could provide helpful theoretic guidance and supporting data for the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration research.