Status Of Vegetables Research Articles

How do socio-economic characteristics of communities influence resource use and forest cover in the Cryptosepalum forest of North-western Zambia

Forests are important ecosystems offering extensive material and immaterial benefits to people and the environment. If not well monitored and sustainably managed, forest resource use can lead to degradation, which has global environmental and socio-economic implications. There is currently limited information on the factors that lead to forest use in the Cryptosepalum forests of Zambia, and how these factors potentially influence forest integrity. This study aimed at establishing the socio-economic aspects that determine resource utilisation and forest loss in the Cryptosepalum forest of Manyinga and Zambezi Districts of North-western Zambia. Using a semi-structured questionnaire 207 randomly selected households were interviewed in 7 villages surrounding the Cryptosepalum forest (4 in Manyinga and 3 in Zambezi district). Additionally, three focus Group Discussions were conducted to triangulate interview data. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's Chi-square test of independence and binary logistic regression were used to analyse the data. The study established 14 forest products used by local communities in the study sites. Socio-economic factors, namely; gender, level of education, household size, wealth, and residence status significantly influenced use of 9 of the 14 forest products. Further, significant relationships (p < 0.5) were established between: (1) gender and use of construction poles, wood fibre, fruits, and honey production (2) level of education and utilisation of timber, tubers, caterpillars, mushrooms, and thatching grass; (3) household size and use of construction poles, wild vegetables, tubers, caterpillars, fruits and thatching grass; (4) wealth status and use of timber, construction poles, wild vegetables, wood fibre, and fruits; and (5) residence status and use of construction poles, tubers and thatching grass. Timber harvesting, agricultural expansion, and population increase were established as key drivers of forest cover loss in the Cryptosepalum forest. The study recommends that policies and strategies aimed at conserving this forest focus on strict law enforcement (monitoring and control) of timber harvesting activities; and provision of agricultural inputs and/or community sensitisation on conservation agriculture interventions to curb shifting cultivation practices. The study adds to the body of knowledge on the importance of forests to rural livelihoods in Sub-saharan Africa, and the influence of socio-economic factors on forest cover and resource use.

Association between depression, functional capacity, cognitive status and the consumption of fruits and vegetables in elderly in Joinville/SC-Brazil

The consumption of fruits and vegetables seems to contribute to the prevention and/or delay of depression, cognitive decline and, indirectly, to functional dependence, at the same time that it can be influenced by these clinical conditions. The objective of this study was to verify the association between depression, functional capacity, cognitive status and consumption of fruits and vegetables in elderly people in Joinville-SC. A study with secondary data collection carried out in 2021 that assessed depressive symptoms using the Geriatric Depression Scale, functional capacity using the PFEFFER Functional Activities Questionnaire, and cognitive status using the Mini-Mental State Examination. Consumption of fruits and vegetables (FV) was quantified using a food frequency questionnaire and was classified according to regularity. A total of 61 elderly were evaluated, of which 23% had depressive symptoms, 18% functional dependence in instrumental activities of daily living, 14.8% cognitive decline. A low frequency of elderly people with regular consumption of vegetables (36.1%), as well as associated fruits and vegetables (29.5%) was identified. On the other hand, the frequency of regular fruit consumption was high (73.8%) and was associated with a lower frequency of depressive symptoms and functional dependence. It was observed that elderly people with depressive symptoms, functional dependence and cognitive decline consumed FV irregularly.

Phosphorus Intake and Potential Dietary Influences Examined via 24-Hour Urinary Biomarker Measurements in German Children and Adolescents Over 3 Decades

BackgroundIncreases in phosphorus intake have been observed over the past years in adult populations. However, biomarker-based data are lacking on whether or not phosphorus intake also increased in children. ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine 24-hour urinary phosphate excretion (PO4-Ex) and diet-related biomarkers potentially influencing phosphorus status in German children and adolescents from 1985 to 2015. DesignThis longitudinal noninvasive biomarker-based cohort study examined 24-hour urine samples from children and adolescents of the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed Study, collected over 3 decades. Participants/settingExamined individuals (n = 1,057) were healthy participants of the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed Study, situated in Dortmund, Germany, who had been asked to collect one yearly 24-hour urine sample. Six thousand seven hundred thirty-seven samples collected from participants aged 3 to 17 years between 1985 (baseline) and 2015, were included. Main outcome measuresphosphorus intake was examined biomarker-based by analyzed PO4-Ex in 24-hour urine samples. Whether acid-base status and intakes of protein, salt, and fruits and vegetables, may have relevantly contributed to PO4-Ex levels was assessed by determining 24-hour excretions of net acid, urea-nitrogen, and sodium as well as specific standardized excretions of potassium plus oxalate. Statistical analyses performedTrend analysis over 30 years and potentially influencing diet factors were examined using linear mixed-effect regression models (PROC-MIXED). Adjustments for sex, age, and body surface area were performed. ResultsNo change was identifiable for PO4-Ex over the 3 decades; neither in 3 to 8, 9 to 13, nor in 14 to 17 year olds. However, sodium excretion increased (P = .001). PROC-MIXED analysis on intraindividual changes in PO4-Ex revealed direct relationships with net acid excretion, urea-nitrogen, and sodium excretion and an inverse relationship with a biomarker of fruit and vegetable intake. ConclusionsDespite a direct relationship between PO4-Ex and a biomarker of industrially processed food consumption; that is, sodium excretion, which showed an increasing time trend, phosphorus intake was found to remain stable over decades in children and adolescents.

FACTORS AND BARRIERS RELATED TO FRUIT AND VEGETABLE CONSUMPTION OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: KAYSERİ, TÜRKİYE

This study aimed to examine university students' fruit and vegetable (F/V) consumption status and related factors and determine the influencing factors and barriers. The study was conducted with 630 students studying at university in the 2016-2017 academic year. Data were collected using a questionnaire questioning students' sociodemographic characteristics, daily fruit and vegetable (F/V) consumption, factors and barriers affecting F/V consumption. F/V intake status was assessed according to World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations, and the adequacy of F/V intake was compared with nutrition and health habits. The mean daily total F/V consumption of students was 3.1 (1-5) portions. According to WHO recommendations, 71.4% had inadequate daily F/V consumption, while only 28.6% had adequate F/V consumption. As vegetable consumption increased, fruit consumption also increased (r=0.398, p0.05). A significant difference was found only between place of living and adequate F/V consumption (p

Factors related to the level of iron adequacy of adolescent girls in Indonesia

Anemia remains a nutritional problem in Indonesia, where more than 50% of the incidence is due to iron deficiency caused by low quality and quantity of food consumed and iron intake sources. Low iron intake did not affect iron adequacy. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with iron adequacy among adolescent girls in Indonesia. This study used a cross-sectional design and secondary data from the National Survey of Food Consumption (NSFC) in Indonesia in 2014. The number of participants was 11.766 adolescent girls aged 10-18 years. Data were collected using the NSFC 2014 questionnaire and the food consumption collection method using a food recall 24 hour. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-squared test and Logistic Regression to identify the factors influencing iron adequacy. The results showed that the iron intake of adolescent girls in Indonesia was 10 mg/day, with an adequate iron level of 42,9%. Logistic regression showed that the most influential factors (p&lt;0,05) were age, place of residence, economic status, and consumption of cereals, vegetables, nuts, fruits, and animal foods. In conclusion, the factors associated with the iron adequacy level of adolescent girls in Indonesia are age, region of residence, economic status, and consumption of cereals, vegetables, nuts, fruits, and animal foods.

Analysis of vegetable production status and marketing system in Ethiopia: The case of Sebeta Hawas Woreda , Oromia region

Analysis of vegetable production status and marketing system in Ethiopia: The case of Sebeta Hawas <i>Woreda</i> , Oromia region

The Role of Traditional Leafy Vegetables on Household Food Security in Umdoni Municipality of the KwaZulu Natal Province, South Africa.

This study assessed the effect of traditional leafy vegetables (TLVs) on the level of food security in the rural area of Dlangezwa, in the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. A total of 100 respondents were selected using a simple random sampling method. The Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) was used to measure the food security status. The influence of TLVs on household food security was examined using an ordered logit model. Pumpkin leaves and blackjack were the most consumed traditional leafy vegetables in the study area, at 97% and 81%, respectively. The results from HFIAS showed that 17% of the households were food secure, 44% were mild food insecure, 26% were moderately food insecure and 13% were severely food insecure. The results from the chi2 test showed that there was a significant correlation between the intake of cowpeas (p = 0.02), blackjack (p = 0.01), and moringa (p = 0.02) with the degree of household food security in the surveyed houses. The ordered logit model's findings indicated that consumption of leafy vegetables, educational attainment, employment status, and marital status all had a substantial impact on the food insecurity of the households. The marital status of a household showed a positive and significant impact on the food insecurity situation, while educational level, employment status, and consumption of leafy vegetables showed a negative and significant impact. For enhanced household food security, there is a need for initiatives that encourage the use of a wide range of traditional leafy vegetables such as Moringa oleifera, Amaranthus, and cowpeas. More awareness should be made regarding the nutritional benefits that TLVs have.

Export Status of Fruits and Vegetables from India

Export Status of Fruits and Vegetables from India

Agricultural Development in Comprehensive Village Development Program (CVDP) Area and Non-Comprehensive Village Development Area of Comilla

Purpose: This study compares the effectiveness of the Comprehensive Village Development Program (CVDP) and Non-CVDP models in the context of agricultural development in rural Bangladesh. The roles played by cooperative institutions in CVDP and non-CVDP villages in agricultural development initiatives based on agricultural extension in terms of the status of crops, vegetables, livestock, poultry, and fish farming so that the Bangladesh government can concentrate on the value of the CVDP model and implement it in the underdeveloped rural area.&#x0D; Data and Method: The secondary data used in this research were gathered between 1990 and 2017 and provided in the form of tables and charts. The study's results are interpreted using the percentage approach. The purposive sampling technique is used to emphasize qualitative and quantitative analysis. Information is gathered from BARD, books, journals, and government reports.&#x0D; Findings: The results of the study demonstrate that improved agricultural techniques, including the use of fertilizers and insecticides, were used in CVDP communities. However, there were no appreciable differences in the rice yield between CVDP and non-CVDP villages. Utilization of irrigation and realization of water charges have both increased in the CVDP zones. In all the communities, sophisticated farming machinery was utilized. The villages participating in the CVDP have established sales networks and expertise in raising livestock and poultry. Multiple ownership, theft, fish poisoning, etc. affected pond fish firming more in non-CVDP communities than in CVDP villages.&#x0D; Practical Implications: The government may be able to restructure agricultural extension developments in Bangladesh according to the CVDP model with the help of the data gathered from the research once again.&#x0D; Research Limitations: It is difficult to use recent data in the analysis due to a lack of past research on the topic in Bangladesh, limited access to relevant areas, and the absence of new studies in this field.&#x0D; Value: The findings of this study complement those of earlier research that could not examine variances in agricultural growth (in terms of the output of agro products including rice, vegetables, cereals and vegetables, livestock, poultry, etc.

Agricultural Development in Comprehensive Village Development Program (CVDP) Area and Non-Comprehensive Village Development Area of Comilla

Purpose: This study compares the effectiveness of the Comprehensive Village Development Program (CVDP) and Non-CVDP models in the context of agricultural development in rural Bangladesh. The roles played by cooperative institutions in CVDP and non-CVDP villages in agricultural development initiatives based on agricultural extension in terms of the status of crops, vegetables, livestock, poultry, and fish farming so that the Bangladesh government can concentrate on the value of the CVDP model and implement it in the underdeveloped rural area.&#x0D; Data and Method: The secondary data used in this research were gathered between 1990 and 2017 and provided in the form of tables and charts. The study's results are interpreted using the percentage approach. The purposive sampling technique is used to emphasize qualitative and quantitative analysis. Information is gathered from BARD, books, journals, and government reports.&#x0D; Findings: The results of the study demonstrate that improved agricultural techniques, including the use of fertilizers and insecticides, were used in CVDP communities. However, there were no appreciable differences in the rice yield between CVDP and non-CVDP villages. Utilization of irrigation and realization of water charges have both increased in the CVDP zones. In all the communities, sophisticated farming machinery was utilized. The villages participating in the CVDP have established sales networks and expertise in raising livestock and poultry. Multiple ownership, theft, fish poisoning, etc. affected pond fish firming more in non-CVDP communities than in CVDP villages.&#x0D; Practical Implications: The government may be able to restructure agricultural extension developments in Bangladesh according to the CVDP model with the help of the data gathered from the research once again.&#x0D; Research Limitations: It is difficult to use recent data in the analysis due to a lack of past research on the topic in Bangladesh, limited access to relevant areas, and the absence of new studies in this field.&#x0D; Value: The findings of this study complement those of earlier research that could not examine variances in agricultural growth (in terms of the output of agro products including rice, vegetables, cereals and vegetables, livestock, poultry, etc.

Level of Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Its Relationship with Risk for Malnutrition in China’s Adult Labor Force: China Nutrition and Health Surveillance, 2015–2017

The purpose of this study was to analyze the fruit and vegetable intake status and examine both potential risk and protective action factors in the Chinese labor force population, while investigating the association between fruit and vegetable intake and malnutrition in this population. Data were derived from a population-based cross-sectional survey, the China Nutrition and Health Surveillance, 2015-2017. Sociodemographic information, physical measurements, and dietary intake data were collected. A total of 45,459 survey respondents aged 18-64 years old were included in the analysis. Fruit and vegetable consumption data were assessed by a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and the average daily intake was calculated. In 2015, the daily intake of fresh fruits, fresh vegetables, and combined fruits and vegetables among the Chinese labor force was 64.3 g, 210.0 g, and 330.0 g (median), respectively. Compared with the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2022), 79.9% and 53.0% were at risk of inadequate fruit and vegetable intake, while 55.2% were at risk of inadequate intake of combined fruits and vegetables compared with the WHO recommendation. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female gender, higher educational level, and higher income were protective factors for adequate fruit intake, while increasing age and living in the southern region were protective factors for adequate vegetable intake. The results confirmed that increasing vegetable intake helped urban labor force maintain normal BMI and control overweight. Increased fruit consumption may reduce the risk of underweight, but no clear negative association with overweight and obesity was observed. In conclusion, the consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables by the Chinese labor force was inadequate, especially for fruits. Interventions are needed to promote the daily intake of fruits and vegetables in this population. In addition, further in-depth studies in this area are recommended in populations with different health status.

A cross-sectional study on assessment of physical activity and dietary consumption pattern among geriatric population attending geriatric outpatient department of Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata

Background: A lot of comorbid conditions and health problems result from unhealthy dietary habit and sedentary lifestyle in all age group, but more among geriatric population. Due to progressive fragility, weakness, and comorbidities, there is gradual decrease in overall physical activity in elderly which again leads to different health problems and this vicious cycle is going on. There was scarcity of evidences related to dietary pattern and physical activity of elderly population particularly in West Bengal. Aim and Objectives: The present study was conducted for estimating the physical activity level of the study participants and to determine its relationship with the sociodemographic profile and dietary consumption pattern. Materials and Methods: Observational descriptive cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted in Geriatric Outpatient Department of Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, from August 1, 2022, to October 31, 2022, among 124 participants aged 60 years and above attended OPD in first 2 months of study period. IPAQ-SF questionnaire was used for assessment of physical activity. Analysis was done in Microsoft Excel and SPSS (version 20) software. Results: Larger proportion (52.4%) participants belonged to HEPA active (Category 3) according to physical activity status. Age of the participant, place of residence and socioeconomic status and consumption of green leafy vegetables, other vegetables, fruits, flesh food and egg, milk and milk products, and sugar and jaggery were significantly associated with physical activity. Conclusion: In the present study, significant proportion (32.3%) was minimally active which should be dealt properly. Physical activity should be promoted to all elder persons as a part of healthy lifestyle.

Abstract P035: Associations between meat and fish intake and aggressive prostate cancer in the North Carolina-Louisiana Prostate Cancer Project (PCaP)

Abstract Objective: Results of studies examining the association between intake of meat or fish and prostate cancer have been mixed. However, few of the previous studies have included a racially diverse population or focused on aggressive prostate cancer. We aimed to examine the association between intake of meat and fish and aggressive prostate cancer in the North Carolina-Louisiana Prostate Cancer Project, a case-only study of Black and White men in the United States. Methods: Meat and fish intakes in the year prior to diagnosis were estimated using an interviewer-administered modified version of the National Cancer Institute Diet History Questionnaire in 909 Black and 991 White men with a recent histologically confirmed diagnosis of prostate cancer. High aggressive prostate cancer (n=332) was defined as Gleason sum ≥8, or PSA&amp;gt; 20ng/ml, or Gleason sum ≥7 AND clinical stage T3-T4, and the comparison group was all other prostate cancer cases (n=1,568). Logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for high aggressive prostate cancer by tertile of meat and fish intake variables, with adjustment for age, energy intake, race, study site, education, family history of prostate cancer, prostate cancer screening history, Charlson comorbidity index, NSAIDs use, smoking status, alcohol intake, and intake of vegetables, fruits, and milk. Results: We observed increased odds of aggressive prostate cancer among men in the second tertile compared to the first tertile for total red meat (OR:1.23. 95% CI: 0.91 – 1.68) and unprocessed red meat (OR:1.30. 95% CI: 0.96 – 1.76), though confidence intervals were imprecise and associations in the top tertile were weaker. For processed meat, a non-statistically significant increased odds of aggressive prostate cancer was observed among men in the third tertile compared to the first tertile (OR:1.27. 95% CI: 0.91 – 1.78). ORs for higher intake of fish and poultry were in the inverse direction but were weak and not statistically significant. Conclusions: In this racially diverse case-only study, we observed weak positive associations between red and processed meat and aggressive prostate cancer, and little evidence of an association with fish or poultry intake. While high temperature cooking and charring of meat is known to increase carcinogen formation, one limitation of our study was the lack of information on cooking methods or doneness of the meat consumed. Additional research is warranted among racially diverse populations that considers cooking methods and doneness preferences. Citation Format: Jessica Sainyo, Susan E. Steck, L. Joseph Su, Lenore Arab, Jeannette T. Bensen, Elizabeth T.H. Fontham, James L. Mohler. Associations between meat and fish intake and aggressive prostate cancer in the North Carolina-Louisiana Prostate Cancer Project (PCaP). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Precision Prevention, Early Detection, and Interception of Cancer; 2022 Nov 17-19; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Can Prev Res 2023;16(1 Suppl): Abstract nr P035.

Relationship between dietary nutrition and chronic disease of residents in Gongshan County in Yunnan Province in 2016

To analyze the relationship between food intake and chronic diseases of Dulong minority residents living in Yunnan Province. 460 Dulong minority residents 6-80-year-old among 304 families(male 191, female 269, children and adolescents aged 6-17 years old 56, aged 18-44 years old 229, aged 45-59 years old 123, aged 60-80 years old 52)in Gongshan County in Yunnan Province were selected with Stratified multistage cluster sampling method. To apply the method of food frequency questionnaire and questionnaire survey obtain the condition of dietary structure and overweight or obesity, diabetes and dyslipidemia among Dulong minority. Non-conditional Logistic regression analysis was utilized to analyze the correlation between food intake and chronic diseases. The prevalence of overweight or obesity, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia were respectively 20.4%, 19.6%, 32.4% and 50.4% in 2016. Marital status and consumption of melons vegetables(OR=0.540, 95%CI 0.306-0.954), benevolence fruit kind fruit(OR=0.348, 95%CI 0.171-0.706) and low fat milk powder(OR=5.267, 95%CI 1.266-21.911) in the past 12 months were associated with hypertension among the Dulong minority population. For the Dulong minority residents, sex, eaten deep-fried dough stick(OR=0.403, 95%CI 0.182-0.894) in the past 12 months, solanaceous vegetables(OR=0.478, 95%CI 0.275-0.832) and whole milk powder(OR=2.090, 95%CI 1.372-3.184) have something to do with diabetes. Occupation, consumption of beancurd and bamboo vegetables(OR=4.753, 95%CI 1.079-20.937), solanaceous vegetables(OR=2.842, 95%CI 1.175-6.871) and edible fungi(OR=1.794, 95%CI 1.116-2.883) over the past 12 months were linked to the prevalence of overweight. Consumption of fresh legumes(OR=1.991, 95%CI 1.130-3.507), whole milk powder(OR=2.342, 95%CI 1.535-3.575), cooked poultry meat(OR=2.092, 95%CI 1.147-3.815), grass carp(OR=0.580, 95% CI 0.379-0.888)and fresh eggs(OR=0.432, 95%CI 0.196-0.950) and in the past 12 months were associated with dyslipidemia among the Dulong minority residents. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was mainly related to occupation, consumption of vegetables and products(solanaceous vegetables, edible fungi), and hypertension was mainly related to Marital status, and the intake of melons vegetables, benevolence fruit kind fruit, low fat milk powder), and diabetes was mainly related to sex, deep-fried dough stick, solanaceous vegetables and whole milk powder, and dyslipidemia was mainly related to Marital status, fresh legumes, whole milk powder, cooked poultry meat, grass carp, and fresh eggs for the Dulong nationality residents aged 6-80 years old in Gongshan County, Yunnan Province.

Effect of red meat, vegetable, tobacco, and alcohol consumption on national cancer mortality index: Data from 1989 to 2013 in 37 developed countries.

This study aimed to examine the association between red meat (RM) and death from all types of cancer, as well as its association with the incidence of colon cancer in developed countries. We selected RM, vegetable, tobacco, alcohol consumption, and socioeconomic status as the dependent variables' risk factors and performed ordinary least squares (OLS) and a fixed-effect model (FEM) analysis. Data from 1989 to 2013 for 37 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. According to the FEM, cancer death had statistically significant associations with education level (Coef = −0.022, P = 0.009), total health expenditure (Coef = −0.049, P = 0.000), aging rate (Coef = −0.178, P = 0.000), tobacco consumption (Coef = 0.096, P = 0.000), RM consumption (Coef = 0.107, P = 0.000), and vegetable consumption (Coef = −0.034, P = 0.000). A similar trend was also observed in the 3 and 5-year lagged models. RM consumption also demonstrated a significantly positive association with the incidence of colon cancer in the OLS. According to the scatter plots and fitted lines based on the recommended allowance RM consumption, cancer deaths and incidence of colon cancer increased as consumption increased in the excess consumption group. Regarding vegetable consumption, cancer deaths and incidence of colon cancer decreased as consumption increased in the group exceeding the recommended allowance level. RM consumption was found to be higher than the recommended allowance level. RM consumption increased cancer deaths and the incidence of colon cancer. There is justification for public health interventions to limit RM consumption in major developed countries.

Nutritional status, antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of different fruits and vegetables' peels.

The present study assessed nutritional status, antioxidant activity, and total phenolic content in fruits, i.e., mango (Mangifera indica), apple (Malus domestica), and vegetable, i.e., bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), and ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula) peels. The antioxidant activity and total phenolic content (TPC) were evaluated by using methanol extracts along with 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Folin–Ciocalteu (FC) assay, respectively having Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and Gallic acid (GA) as standard. The TPC and antioxidant activity in the peels ranged from 20 mg GAE/g to 525 mg GAE/g and 15.02% to 75.95%, respectively, which revealed that investigated fruit and vegetable peels are rich source of phytochemical constituents. Bottle gourd peels exhibited the highest value of DPPH compared to the rest of the peels included in the study. Likewise, mango peels had the highest TPC as compared to the rest of the fruit peels. This research showed that the utilization of agricultural wastes should be promoted at commercial level to achieve the nutritional benefit at zero cost and minimize the generation of biological waste.

Status and Marketing of Fruits and Vegetables in India: A Review

The Indian agriculture sector is developing enthusiastically day by day. Horticulture has been an emerging sector in agriculture accounts for 90% o of the total horticulture production in the country, which consists of crops like vegetables, fruits, flowers, mushrooms, tuber crops, spices, plantation, aromatic, and medicinal plants. India is the second-largest producer of fruits and vegetables in the world after China, the increasing population, and the mind-set of adopting a healthy lifestyle have increased the demand for nutritional requirements in people, which provides vast chances for sustaining a large number of agro-based industries which creates substantial employment chances. The horticulture sector contributes 1 about 24.5% of the farming GDP from about 8 of the cultivable area in the country. India has a variety of agro-climatic conditions that allow for the cultivation of a wide range of crops. In recent years, horticulture has made significant progress in terms of increased area and production under various crops, increased productivity, crop diversification, technological interventions for production, and post-harvest and forward association through value addition and marketing.

Causes Of Desertion Of Diabetes Preventive Programs Aimed At Relatives Of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Purpose: First-degree family members of patients with type 2 diabetes have a higher risk of developing diabetes. Attendance in a diabetes prevention program is essential to implement prevention strategies. However, many relatives drop out. Identifying the causes behind the program abandonment is necessary to improve attendance adherence. Methods: We reviewed six different databases for causes of treatment abandonment in prevention programs for type 2 diabetes published between 1980 and 2020. Eleven articles met inclusion criteria and varied in sample size, ethnicity, gender, age of the participating patients, and length of follow-up. Causes of abandonment were categorized into social, biological, lifestyle, and emotional. Results: Sample sizes of the selected studies ranged from 143 to 128,520 subjects. The main barriers were age, economic difficulties, ignorance about risk factors, family history of diabetes, living in public housing, marital status, comorbidities, and low consumption of fruits and vegetables. Physicians' attitudes toward prediabetes screening were also a barrier. Conclusion: People at risk of developing diabetes face multiple barriers to preventing the development of this disease. During the research, the variety of reasons causing dropouts in prevention programs was great and diverse.

Abstract EP60: Modification Effects Of Migraine Status And Stress Level On The Relationship Between Sleep Disturbance And 10-year Cardiovascular Disease Risk In Hong Kong Women

Background: Evidence has shown that worse sleep disturbance, frequent migraine attacks, and higher stress level predicted the higher cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) risk. Also, the significant associations between migraine, stress, and sleep quality have been identified in many previous studies. The purpose of this study was to explore the modification effects of migraine status and stress level on the relationship between sleep disturbance and 10-year CVDs risk in a sample of Hong Kong Chinese women. Method: Data were analyzed from the Hong Kong Women's Health Study 2019, a cross-sectional survey conducted in Hong Kong female nurses aged 30 years and above between 2019 and 2020. Mailed questionnaires were used for data collection. Sleep quality and stress level were measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), respectively. The ID Migraine™ screening and doctor-diagnosed migraine that reported by the nurses were used together to identify the migraineurs. The 10-year CVDs risk was calculated by the Framingham 10-year risk score (FRS). The modification effect was tested by the stratified analysis and multiple linear regression model. Result: In total, 1,344 nurses with a mean age of 46.12 (SD=10.47) were involved in the study. Twenty-one percent of them had migraine and 29.6% had moderate or high level of stress (PSS score &gt; 28). Among 704 (52.4%) participants who had poor sleep quality (Global PSQI score &gt; 5), 96.9% of them had sleep disturbance. The mean score of FRS was 3.6% (3.3%), and 5.1% of the participants had a high level of CVDs risk (FRS≥10%). After adjusting of educational level, employment status, daily fruit and vegetable consumption, postmenopausal status and family history of CVDs, the sleep disturbance score was significantly associated with FRS [β=0.005; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.003-0.010]. The stronger sleep disturbance-FRS association was observed among migraineurs (β=0.009; 95% CI: 0.004-0.013) and those with moderate or high level of stress (β=0.008; 95% CI: 0.004-0.013). Conclusion: Migraine status and stress level modified the strength of association between sleep disturbance and 10-year CVDs risk. Among nurses who had sleep disturbance, migraine and high level of stress aggravated the 10-year CVDs risk.

Successful Community Nutrition Incentive Program Data Collection during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study

BackgroundThe coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has complicated rigorous evaluation of public health nutrition programs. The USDA Gus Schumacher Nutrition Incentive Program (USDA GusNIP) funds nutrition incentive programs to improve fruit and vegetable purchasing and intake by incentivizing Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participants at the point of sale. GusNIP grantees are required to collect survey data (e.g., fruit and vegetable intake and food insecurity status) on a subset of participants. However, due to COVID-19, most GusNIP grantees faced formidable barriers to data collection. The Hunger Task Force Mobile Market (HTFMM), a Wisconsin-based 2019 GusNIP grantee, used particularly innovative methods to successfully collect these data (n > 500 surveys). ObjectivesThe aim was to explore HTFMM’s successful participant-level data-collection evaluation during COVID-19. MethodsA single case study methodological approach framed this study. The case is the HTFMM in Milwaukee, WI, USA. Participants included HTFMM leadership (n = 3), evaluators (n = 2), staff (n = 3), volunteers (n = 3), and customers (n = 10). These teleconference interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were coded using thematic qualitative analysis methods with 2 independent coders. ResultsFour salient themes emerged: 1) there were multiple key players with unique roles and responsibilities who contributed to personalized, proactive, and time-intensive, telephone-based proctored survey collection methods; 2) the importance of resources dedicated to comprehensive evaluation; 3) longstanding relationships rooted in trust and community-based service are key to successful program delivery, engagement, and evaluation; and 4) the COVID-19 data-collection protocol also serves to mitigate nonpandemic challenges to in-person survey collection. ConclusionsThese findings provide guidance on how alternative methods for data collection during COVID-19 can be used and applied to other situations that may affect the ability to collect participant-level data. These findings contribute to a growing body of literature as to best practices and approaches to collecting participant-level data to evaluate public health nutrition programs.