Vegetable Oil-based Fluids Research Articles

Performance and evaluation of vegetable oil-based fluids as future cutting fluids in turning of duplex stainless steel

This experimental study article analyses the machinability of Duplex Stainless Steel when turned using various wet coolants, including as (Coconut, Mustard, Soyabean oil). Cutting speed, feed, depth of cut, nozzle inclination angle, pressure, and standoff distance are all input process factors. The output response parameters were considered such as thrust force, machining zone temperature, tool wear and surface roughness. In this experimental study, Taguchi technique was used to design the experimental runs under three different level combination of process parameters. The experimental result indicates that the turning performance has been improved at coconut oil condition over the other coolant conditions and it produces the uniform surface finish throughout the length of the workpiece.

Milling Performance of CFRP Composite and Atomised Vegetable Oil as a Function of Fiber Orientation.

Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs) have found diverse applications in the automotive, space engineering, sporting goods, medical and military sectors. CFRP parts require limited machining such as detouring, milling and drilling to produce the shapes used, or for assembly purposes. Problems encountered while machining CFRP include poor tool performance, dust emission, poor part edge quality and delamination. The use of oil-based metalworking fluid could help improve the machining performance for this composite, but the resulting humidity would deteriorate the structural integrity of the parts. In this work the performance of an oil-in-water emulsion, obtained using ultrasonic atomization but no surfactant, is examined during the milling of CFRP in terms of fiber orientation and milling feed rate. The performance of wet milling is compared with that of a dry milling process. The tool displacement-fiber orientation angles (TFOA) tested are 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°. The output responses analyzed were cutting force, delamination, and tool wear. Using atomized vegetable oil helps in significantly reducing the cutting force, tool wear, and fiber delamination as compared to the dry milling condition. The machining performance was also strongly influenced by fiber orientation. The interactions between the fiber orientation, the machining parameters and the tested vegetable oil-based fluid could help in selecting appropriate cutting parameters and thus improve the machined part quality and productivity.

Machining performance enhancement of powder mixed electric discharge machining using Green dielectric fluid

Towards the requirement of sustainable development, manufacturing industries are required to follow ISO-14000 standards. Therefore, it is necessary to follow sustainability criteria for manufacturing processes. Vegetable oil-based fluids have proven their potential towards the various industrial applications and establish themselves as a sustainable fluids as compared to hydrocarbon and synthetic-based fluids. In the present study, the authors have evaluated the practical acceptability of newly proposed Schleichera oleosa (Kusum oil) as an alternative of hydrocarbon-based EDM oil. The improvement in machining performance of MWCNT mixed rotary EDMing of EN-31 die steel using Kusum oil as a dielectric is evaluated in terms of MRR and SR. Response surface methodology along with genetic algorithm is used for the mathematical modelling and optimization of MRR and SR both. The optimization result shows that MWCNT mixed rotary EDM using Kusum oil as a dielectric shows approximately 57.14% higher MRR and 54.57% lower SR, respectively, as compared to conventional EDM using EDM oil as a dielectric. Finally, the surface topography images obtained from FESEM analysis also confirm the superiority of Kusum oil over EDM oil.

Environmentally conscious machining of Inconel 718: surface roughness, tool wear, and material removal rate assessment

Flood cooling is a typical strategy used in the machining of difficult-to-cut materials where high temperatures are produced. Several environmental and health concerns are associated with the cutting fluids employed during this technique. Vegetable oil-based fluids appear to be the best substitute to conventional mineral/synthetic oils due to their environmentally friendly, biodegradable, renewable, and less toxic properties. Therefore, this paper attempts to establish an environmentally conscious, flood-cooling alternative through replacing conventional fluids with a synthetic vegetable ester-based (Mecagreen 450) biodegradable oil to investigate the machinability aspects of Inconel 718. In addition to the cooling environment, cutting speed (vs), feed per tooth (fz), and axial depth of cut (ap) have been used as control variables. A Taguchi L9 array has been selected for the design of experiments (DOE). Parametric effects and microscopic analyses have been carried out to investigate the three response parameters, i.e., surface roughness (Ra), tool wear, and material removal rate (MRR). Tool wear analysis is further supplemented with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS).

Vegetable Oils as Metal Quenchants: A Comprehensive Review

AbstractThere is an ongoing interest in the development and use of renewable base stocks to formulate quenchants. The most common criterion of vegetable oils as renewable base stocks is their biodegradability and that they be non-toxic. A comprehensive overview of all aspects of vegetable oils that impacts their potential for commercial use is provided. Topics discussed include: vegetable oil structure, processing, physical properties, classification, biodegradation and toxicity; oxidation and inhibition; wetting and wetting kinematics; and applications. As a class, vegetable oil-based quenchant formulations reported in the literature to date exhibit a number of disadvantages, the most notable being their relatively poor thermal-oxidative stability in comparison with petroleum oil-based quenchants in use. Potential pathways to vegetable oil-based fluid compositions that may rival the thermal-oxidative stability of many petroleum oil-based quenchants were introduced.

Investigations on technical feasibility of Jatropha curcas oil based bio dielectric fluid for sustainable electric discharge machining (EDM)

The emergence of the concept of sustainable manufacturing practices and, therefore, the requirement to adapt ISO-14000 standards, it is essential to evaluate all manufacturing practices using sustainability criteria. Use of vegetable oil-based fluids for industrial applications has a higher sustainability index compared to hydrocarbon and synthetic based fluids. In this paper, the authors have investigated the technical feasibility of newly proposed Jatropha curcas oil based bio dielectric (Jatropha BD) fluid for electric discharge machining (EDM) with a view to improving the sustainability of EDM process. Experimental analysis has been performed for material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness (SR) and surface hardness (SH) under the influence of current, gap voltage, pulse on time and pulse off time. analysis of variance (ANOVA) has been performed to identify the significance of the control parameters on the response characteristics. The results obtained indicate that Jatropha BD resulted in higher MRR, lower SR and improved SH than kerosene. Moreover, the response patterns of Jatropha BD are similar to kerosene which is an indication that material melting and evaporation mechanics are as like kerosene. Regression models have been generated to model the response behavior of the parameters. Regression models predicted the response of the parameters in good conformance. It is suggested that Jatropha oil based bio dielectric fluids can be used as an alternative to hydrocarbon based dielectric for improving sustainability of EDM process.

Formation, properties, and “ex situ” soil decontamination by vegetable oil-based microemulsions

We have investigated soil decontamination by vegetable oil-based fluids. Methyl esters of babassu oil (BME) and the unsaturated fraction of palm oil (UPME) were prepared by transesterification of precursor oils. Phase diagrams of each fatty ester/water/nonionic surfactant (Synperonic 91/4) were studied as a function of system composition and temperature. Measurements of solution rheology, quasi-elastic light scattering, and interfacial tension were employed to demonstrate that the single phases obtained are either bicontinuous or water-in-oil microemulsions (μE). Both types were used in decontamination of three different soils, impregnated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. As decontaminators, BME- and UPME-based μE (at 37.5, and 42.5°C, respectively) are more efficient than hot toluene. This is attributed to desorption and subsequent solubilization of contaminants by the μE. The viability of this decontamination scheme is further supported by material balance. Decontamination has increased soil bio-availability.