Various Types Of Tests Research Articles

Reinforcement Learning-Based Simulation of Seal Engraving Robot in the Context of Artificial Intelligence

The rapid development of robotics technology has made people's lives and work more convenient and efficient. The research and simulation of robots combined with reinforcement learning intelligent algorithms have become a hotspot in various fields of robot applications. In view of this, this study is based on deep reinforcement learning convolutional neural networks, combined with point cloud models, proximal strategy optimization algorithms, and flexible action evaluation algorithms. A seal cutting robot based on deep reinforcement learning has been proposed. The final results show that the descent speed of the seal cutting robot with the root mean square difference as the performance standard is about 1% faster than the flexible action evaluation algorithm. About 2% faster than the proximal strategy optimization algorithm. It is about 4% faster than the deep deterministic strategy gradient algorithm. This indicates that the research model has certain advantages in terms of actual accuracy after cutting. The fluctuation of this model is about 10% smaller than the evaluation of flexible actions and about 60% smaller than the gradient of deep deterministic strategies. Therefore, the research model has the highest overall stability without falling into local optima. In addition, compared to the near end strategy optimization algorithm, it falls into local optima, resulting in a low coincidence degree of about 17%. The deep deterministic strategy gradient algorithm has a large fluctuation amplitude during the seal cutting process, and the overall curve is relatively slow, with a final overlap of about 70%. The overlap degree of flexible action evaluation is slightly higher by about 83%. The maximum stability of the model's overlap is best around 90%. Through experiments, it can be found that the seal cutting robot proposed in the study based on deep reinforcement learning maintains certain advantages in performance indicators in various types of tests.

Выбор задаваемых параметров для оценки соответствия восстановленных погружных электродвигателей требованиям на капитальный ремонт

The main characteristic of the performance of submersible electric motors after overhauls is their reliability. To assess the compliance of reliability indicators of restored submersible electric motors with technical requirements for overhauls, various types of tests are used. The most acceptable of them is the bench test method based on a sequential failure analysis of the studied electric motors. To implement it, the specified parameters should be set. In this study, based on the use of technical requirements for the manufacture and repair of submersible electric motors, the authors determined the specified average operating times for failure of new electric motors (before the first overhaul) and after it. Bench tests were carried out for two batches of submersible electric motors: overhauled and non-overhauled. In each batch, 20 electric motors were studied. The experiment determined the standard deviation of the mean time between failures (MTBF) of new electric motors, which amounted to 3.54 thousand hours, after the overhaul - 2.37 thousand hours. The coefficients of variation were 0.3 and 0.34, respectively. The study results determined the values of the set parameters of the mathematical model, enabling the use of the method of successive failure analysis. The values included the set average MTBF before the first overhaul - 16 thousand hours; the set average MTBF after the overhaul - 12.8 thousand hours; the risks of the repair provider and the customer - 0.05; the set mean square deviation of the MTBF of electric motors before the first overhaul - 4.8 thousand hours; the set mean square deviation of the MTBF after the first overhaul - 4.8 thousand hours; the set mean square deviation of the MTBF after the overhaul - 2.37 thousand hours.

DEVELOPING ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENTS FOR LEARNING OUTCOMES

This paper aims to provide understanding of assessment instruments for learning outcomes, focusing on benchmark learning outcome tools, norm-referenced and benchmark-referenced tests, validity, reliability, and practicality considerations, various types of tests, and the process of preparing assessment tools. Additionally, it explores performance-based assessment tools, emphasizing the significance of authentic assessment in an educational context. The research adopts a qualitative descriptive paradigm, oriented towards understanding nuances, perspectives, and subjective experiences related to learning outcomes assessment tools. This approach allows exploration of perceptions from teachers, students, and other stakeholders. Assessment is a crucial process in education, involving the collection of data to make informed decisions. This paper underscores the importance of various assessment types and techniques, ranging from daily quizzes to school exams. To ensure accurate and meaningful data, educators must use diverse assessment methods aligned with students' learning processes. The development of assessment tools is guided by determining types, forms, and variations based on specific needs. Effective assessment adheres to established principles, ensuring accuracy and reliability. The paper acknowledges potential shortcomings and errors, recommending the creation of a framework, use of relevant sources, effective collaboration, and time management when undertaking similar writing tasks.

PENGARUH SIKAP, NORMA SUBJEKTIF, DAN KONTROL PERILAKU PERSEPSIAN TERHADAP KEPATUHAN PAJAK UMKM DI PAMEKASAN

This research aims to test MSME Taxpayer Compliance in Pamekasan. To test tax compliance, one can approach the economic and psychological factors of a taxpayer himself. This research uses a psychological approach, namely attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. This research uses quantitative data by distributing questionnaires as the primary data source and containing various types of tests. Instrument test, classical assumption test and multiple linear regression test. This research obtained the following results: subjective norms have a partially positive and significant effect on taxpayer compliance, attitude has a partially positive and significant effect on taxpayer compliance, behavioral control has a partially negative and significant effect on taxpayer compliance, and subjective norms, attitudes, and perceived behavioral control simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on taxpayer compliance.

THE USE OF DIGITAL TWINS MODELS WHILE A RADIOGRAPHIC IMAGE FORMATION IN A VIRTUAL REALITY ENVIRONMENT

In modern conditions, the use of digital industrial technologies for maximum automation of various production processes and the creation of unmanned technologies is the main direction of technological development of production in the key of the Industry 4.0 and NDE 4.0 paradigms with the widespread use of information and communication technologies, including virtual reality and digital twins. To implement digital non-destructive testing, service-oriented approach is proposed as an effective solution for obtaining, processing and storing data of the results of various types of testing, the basic architecture of this solution is given. The simulator’s model of the industrial radiography laboratory is considered, discrete models of objects’ digital twins are constructed while obtaining an image, for which the basic provisions and tools of set theory are used. Examples are given illustrating the correspondence of mathematical models of digital twins to their graphical counterparts, as well as the image formed on the detector as a result of modeling and performing a radiation type of non-destructive testing. It is noted that the virtualization of such a complex technical facility as an industrial radiography laboratory allows for a short period of time and at minimal cost to verify the feasibility of technical solutions and engineering hypotheses taking into account real production conditions and needs, while providing, on the one hand, variability in the implementation of technological operations, and on the other – the number increase of trained qualified specialists according to the radiation type of non-destructive testing.

A Latent Space Diffusion Item Response Theory Model to Explore Conditional Dependence between Responses and Response Times.

Traditional measurement models assume that all item responses correlate with each other only through their underlying latent variables. This conditional independence assumption has been extended in joint models of responses and response times (RTs), implying that an item has the same item characteristics fors all respondents regardless of levels of latent ability/trait and speed. However, previous studies have shown that this assumption is violated in various types of tests and questionnaires and there are substantial interactions between respondents and items that cannot be captured by person- and item-effect parameters in psychometric models with the conditional independence assumption. To study the existence and potential cognitive sources of conditional dependence and utilize it to extract diagnostic information for respondents and items, we propose a diffusion item response theory model integrated with the latent space of variations in information processing rate of within-individual measurement processes. Respondents and items are mapped onto the latent space, and their distances represent conditional dependence and unexplained interactions. We provide three empirical applications to illustrate (1) how to use an estimated latent space to inform conditional dependence and its relation to person and item measures, (2) how to derive diagnostic feedback personalized for respondents, and (3) how to validate estimated results with an external measure. We also provide a simulation study to support that the proposed approach can accurately recover its parameters and detect conditional dependence underlying data.

The Crucial Role of Microbiological Testing in Ensuring Safety and Efficacy of Medical Devices: An Overview

Microbiological testing is a critical aspect of the development and evaluation of medical devices, as it plays a vital role in ensuring their safety and efficacy. This article highlights the importance of microbiological testing in medical device development and the various types of tests that are commonly performed. Microbiological testing is essential for assessing the potential risks associated with medical devices, such as bacterial contamination or infections. Testing can also help to identify potential sources of contamination during the manufacturing process and to monitor the efficacy of sterilization methods. In addition, microbiological testing is crucial in determining the appropriate usage and maintenance procedures for medical devices. By providing accurate and reliable data, microbiological testing can aid in the development of safe and effective medical devices, while also ensuring compliance with regulatory standards. Overall, this article emphasizes the critical role of microbiological testing in the development and evaluation of medical devices, and highlights its significance in maintaining patient safety and improving health care outcomes.

A sustainable cementitious composite reinforced with natural fibers: An experimental and numerical study

Eco-friendly nature, low cost, life-cycle superiority and lightweight are the key drivers pushing today's technology towards employing natural fibers as reinforcement for cementitious-based composites. The present study provides an extensive experimental and finite element analysis aiming to develop a sustainable cementitious composite reinforced with natural fibers. Different concentrations of kenaf and coconut fibers were chemically treated and incorporated into the stabilized sand and specimens were cast and compacted using a modified compaction method. The mechanical, microstructural, and durability properties of the specimens were investigated by various types of tests. A validated 3D slab track model was also developed using a finite element method, which includes all components of the railway infrastructure to assess the performances of this composite under realistic operation scenarios. The outcomes indicated that reinforcing cementitious composite with a certain amount of kenaf fiber (1.5% wt of dry sand) can significantly improve the mechanical behavior and durability performance of the composite through microstructural enhancement. This study opens proper perspectives on the immense potential of the natural fibers in order to develop sustainable, reliable and affordable cementitious composites for different infrastructures applications related to structural layers in transportation, pavements, slope protection and stabilization, embankment, and building foundation.

Minimally Invasive Cytopathology and Accurate Diagnosis: Technical Procedures and Ancillary Techniques.

In recent years, the demand for cytopathological accurate diagnoses has increased as expanding minimally invasive procedures obtain materials from patients with advanced cancer for diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive purposes. However, inadequate knowledge of cytopathological technical procedures and ancillary techniques by clinicians remains the most common reason for the limited availability of cytopathology. The objectives of this review were to understand the technical procedures, ancillary techniques, and application and effectiveness of various types of tests in cytopathology. Each of the many ancillary technologies described in the literature has specific advantages and limitations and laboratories select one or more methods depending on their infrastructure and expertise to achieve the goal from initial screening of the disease to the final diagnosis of the cytopathology. This paper systematically reviews the development of cytopathology, summarizes the existing problems in cytopathology and the new progress of auxiliary examination, to provide a theoretical basis for the advanced development of cytopathological diagnostic technologies and to consolidate the minimally invasive and accurate diagnosis of cytopathologies for clinicians. Cytopathology offers many advantages over other clinical examinations, particularly for minimally invasive and accurate diagnosis.

An overview on material parameter inverse and its application to miniaturized testing at elevated temperature

This paper aims to provide a comprehensive guide to the application of the inverse technique to the miniaturized tests, on material parameter identification, without investigating the aspects related to the correct choice of a specific material model. Firstly, a brief introduction to the fundamental principles and procedures associated with the inverse method is given. In general, the strategy described relies on the coupling of the finite element (FE) modelling with an optimization scheme. The FE method allows for the evaluation of the response of the material under various types of tests, test conditions, and complex constitutive equations, and avoids the use of approximation techniques for the interpretation of the experimental results. Then, on this based, an example of FE-based inverse processes using small punch creep tests is given to illustrate the process and capability of identifying the creep damage properties. Finally, several sensitive issues, related to the application of the inverse approach, are addressed.

High-quality variety of soft spring wheat Omskaya 44 for the conditions of Western Siberia and Omsk region

In 2015-2018 in the conditions of the Omsk region, a comprehensive assessment of the promising breeding material of soft spring wheat was carried out. A mid-ripening variety of soft spring wheat Omskaya 44 with a complex of adaptivevaluable properties and traits for cultivation in the forest-steppe zone of the Omsk region has been prepared for the state variety testing. Variety Omskaya 44 created by the method of intraspecific hybridization and directional individual selection from the hybrid population Lutescens 248/97-11 x Omskaya 38 (k-65566, Russia) was sent for the State Variety Testing carried out in 9, 10 and 11 regions of the Russian Federation in 2019. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the results of various types of tests of a new variety of soft spring wheat Omskaya 44 in the conditions of the Omsk region. The variety is high-yielding, of mid-season type, the growing season is 88 days, the average yield over the years of research in competitive variety testing is 4.47 t/ha, which exceeds the standard variety Duet by 1.51 t/ha (LSD05 = 0.33 t/ha), the maximum yield is 5.69 t/ha. The results of the production test showed that when sowing fallow, in 2018-2021 the yield was 4.65 t/ha on the average, for the standard variety Duet - 3.02 t/ha (LSD05 = 0.29 t/ha), after cereals − 3.43 t/ha, for the standard variety − 2.67 t/ha (LSD05 = 0.27 t/ha). The new variety Omskaya 44 significantly exceeded the Duet standard and the best variety in the forest-steppe zone Omskaya 38 in terms of yield. The parameters of ecological plasticity of the new variety have been studied: linearity regression coefficient bi = 1.13, stability factor sd2 = 0.25. The basic components of commercial value of the new variety Omskaya 44 are high and stable yield, resistance to leaf diseases and the formation of high-quality grain at the level of strong wheat. In 2021 the variety Omskaya 44 was included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements approved for use in the forest-steppe zone of the Omsk region.

DESAIN DAN IMPLEMENTASI RESTful WEB SERVICES UNTUK INTEGRASI DATA DAN APLIKASI

Industry (business) in the culinary field in Indonesia is a business that is experiencing very rapid growth. Improving the quality of service in a business will have implications for the maximum profit obtained. The right technology to connect various platforms is web services. Geprek Chicken Dinner management uses two different applications for its business processes. This of course hampers business processes and requires time and energy which causes business processes to be not optimal. Therefore, the purpose of research on the design and implementation of RESTful web services at Geprek Chicken Dinner. This research produces RESTful web services applications with access token and API key features as a security system with extreme programming development methods. the black box method involves auditors and IT experts getting successful conclusions from various types of tests. This application is expected to be able to serve as a base for all processed data and as a liaison between applications that will be used by management, so that the applications used are integrated with each other.

Workshop Compiled

In this workshop, we would be talking about three main topics:1. “Will toxicology help my clients with addictive disorders?”:In this part, we will focus on-i) Situations in which drug toxicological assessments can add additional information for the clinician to make use ofii) Situations in which toxicological assessments guide the treatment decisions and choices, e.g. clients presenting with acute psychosisiii) Other patient-centered and non-patient-centered/ forensic settings in which drug toxicological tests are commonly used.2. “Cost-Benefit analysis of including toxicology services in routine care”:In this part, we will focus on-i) Various types of tests and their costsii) Where and how one can procure these toxicological tests3. “Toxicological services in academic set-ups”:In this part, we will talk about various types of toxicological assessments in academic set-upsWe intend to conduct an interactive session with the audience in which we will also equip the attendees with the knowledge to use and interpret various toxicological assessments available commercially. We will also demonstrate a small web-based tool that can be used by the practitioners to interpret the results of such tests.

Innovative Methods in Monitoring and Analysis of Emission Production in Solid Fuel Heat Sources

In this paper, different and innovative ideas of monitoring and analysis of emissions produces by small heat sources are presented and described. This paper follows up research made in master’s thesis from 2022 where two wireless prototypes meant for analyzing emission production were designed, constructed and successfully tested. First prototype made from Polymethymethacrylate (PMMA) successfully analyzed parameters such as concentration of CO, CO2, VOC or dust particles PM in air of indoor temperature during various types of tests. Second prototype made from stainless steel was used to analyze flue gases directly connected to the chimney from a household using small stove and different kinds of fuel. Evaluation of these experiments in IoT platform named ThingSpeak showed significant increase of concentration of emissions produced during burning unsuitable fuel (such as wet grass) compared to more suitable fuel such as dry wood.

Statistical Analysis of the Thermal Performance and Reliability in the Heat Sink With Heat Pipes for the Power Electronics Module

Cooling devices are often used with power electronics systems to allow them to operate stably over long periods of time, they help guarantee not only thermal performance but also reliability. To understand the performance of these cooling devices it is important they are verified by various types of testing, also the test results themselves should be quantified and analyzed using recognized statistical methods. For this paper, we investigated an air-cooled heat sink with heat pipes by conducting heat load, high/low temperature storage limits, accelerated life, and transport vibration tests. The collected experimental data were analyzed by statistical methods such as the independent samples t-test, the paired samples t-test, correlation analysis, process capability analysis, and the tolerance interval analysis. A newly manufactured power conditioning system had one heat sink on which the two power electronics modules were attached while providing a heat load of up to 3.2 kW. It was found that there was no deterioration in the thermal performance of the heat sink due to vibrations while being transported from the Republic of Korea to the United States. If such a heat sink is used over 20 years, it is anticipated that there will be a performance degradation of 6.2% over those years with a 95% confidence level for a B10 life. Based on our accelerated life testing, the heat sink is capable of dealing with a heat load of up to 3.1 kW over the design lifetime of 20 years. Thermal engineers should eventually introduce design margins in consideration of the reduction in quality and reliability that can occur over the lifetime of a cooling device.

Kula Belgrade - Part 2: Specifics of construction of Kula structure

Kula Belgrade is the tallest building within the Belgrade Waterfront Project located on the right bank of the Sava River. It is envisaged as the future landmark of Belgrade and the pivotal point of Belgrade Waterfront development. It consists of a 168m high - 42 store tower, a podium and an eccentric basement. It is one of the rare towers in the world in which the bottom and the top parts are mutually rotated by 90° in plan and where such a transition is achieved through 7 floors - a configuration that imposes significant demands to the structure. While the 1st part of the article addressed specific topics related to design, this 2nd part is about the specific topics related to the construction of Kula Belgrade's structure, including the enabling works, construction, and testing program of piles that comprised various types of tests, including the static compression test by Osterberg cell at two tower piles with a 1200 mm diameter. The article also addresses the construction of foundations, which included the concreting of a raft under the tower in volume of 4750m3 cast in one turn, the execution of core walls in jump form, the distinctive transfer structure and PT slabs.

Experimental studies on natural fiber composites

A Composite material is combinational item gotten by joining of least two materials with basically one of a kind physical or compound properties that when united produce a material with characteristics truly and artificially not exactly equivalent to the individual parts. The individual parts stay free and unquestionable inside the finished construction, isolating composites from mix and solid game plans of arrangements. Half breed composite is a mix of at least two distinct filaments. In which one fiber balance insufficiency of another fiber. Composites of different piece with three distinct fiber direction are ready by choice of most suitable assembling measure for getting ready of composite parts like straightforward hand lay-up procedure. It has been seen that there is a critical impact of fiber stacking and direction on the presentation of fiber supported epoxy sap based half and half composites. The created cross breed composites go through various types of tests done by ASTM guidelines and discover half breed composites strength and solidness contrasted with regular mixture composites. The fiber is utilized for the advancement of the composite material by utilizing natural fiber composites of GF, SF and JF.

Hucul horses’ learning abilities in different learning tests and ue the association with behaviour, food motivation and fearfulness

Research on learning in domestic animals is often based on food-rewarded tasks. It is still unclear however, how much intrinsic factors such as food motivation and fearfulness influence performance in food-rewarded operant tasks. This study aimed to investigate the association between learning ability in different tests, food motivation and fearfulness. Twenty-three young, naive Hucul horses were tested. The learning tests included a negative reinforcement test (NR), where the horses were trained to yield to rope and hand pressure; a clicker test (CT), where the horses were taught to follow a target for a food reward; and a visual discrimination test (VD), where the horses had to learn to recognise a correct bucket (containing food). Food motivation was estimated through a free feeding test, where the latency to finish eating a standard meal was measured. In the fear test, a plastic bag was waved in front of the horse in a standardised manner to induce a startle response. The escape distance and latency to resume eating was measured. Further, heart rate (bmp) and salivary cortisol (ng/ml) were measured before and after each learning test and the fear test. All horses reached the learning criterion in the learning tests (number of sessions to reach criterion (mean ± SD): NR 1.87 ± 0.63; CT 1.74 ± 0.96; VD 5.00 ± 1.71). No correlations were found in learning performance between the different learning tests, and food motivation did not appear to influence the speed of learning. Behavioural reactions in the fear test correlated moderately to performance in the CT test (e.g. sessions to reach criterion and escape distance, rs = 0.43, P = 0.04), suggesting that fearfulness may affect performance in some types of learning tests. In line with previous studies, we conclude that learning performance differed between the various types of tests. We further conclude that food motivation – measured as latency to consume a meal – did not influence performance in the food-rewarded tests. This may suggest either that the small food rewards delivered in the tests triggered food motivation in all horses regardless of general food motivation; that our test was inappropriate for assessment of food motivation; or that other intrinsic and extrinsic factors govern performance in learning tests.

Development of PISA-like Mathematics Problems within Personal-Context for Junior High School Students

Mathematics is a basic science that plays an important role in the development of science and technology. Mathematics is used as a means of thinking, developing reasoning power, logical, systematic, and critical thinking. One of the important aspects in mastering mathematics is the ability of students to apply mathematics in various situations in everyday life. Given the importance of mathematics education, various types of tests on students' mathematical abilities have been held, one of them is PISA study. PISA survey especially evaluates on students’ability on applying their mathematics knowledge in solving problems from real life context. However, based on result of latest PISA and severeal pervious studies, show that students in Indonesia are still weak in connecting mathematical concepts that have been studied with problems in everyday life. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the use of PISA-like Mathematics Problems within personal context, especially math problems that are relevant to the real-life context of Indonesian students. Due of that, in this study, the PISA-like Mathematics Problems within personal context will be developed. The type of research used is Research and Development (R&D) research, by adapting ADDIE model. The study was conducted at a class of XI-A SMPN 2 Sumobito Jombang. The results show that the PISA-like mathematics problems are valid and practical. Besides that, the results of the implementation of the PISA-like Mathematics Problems within personal context in this study showed that there were students who rarely even completed non-routine math problems such as the PISA-like mathematics problems.

Innovative self-sensing fiber-reinforced cemented sand with hybrid CNT/GNP

This study is a systematic attempt to develop a self-sensing fiber-reinforced cemented sand (CS) with high physical, mechanical, durability, and piezoresistivity performances. In this route, different concentrations of Dyneema, glass, and polypropylene (PP) fibers were incorporated into CS containing 0.17% hybrid carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoplatelets. The specimens were fabricated using the standard Proctor compaction method and tested at the optimum water content. The mechanical, microstructural, and durability performances of the specimens were evaluated through various types of tests. Further, the piezoresistivity of the specimens was evaluated under compression cyclic loads using the four probes method. The incorporation of 1.0% glass and Dyneema fiber as the optimum percent increased the unconfined compression strength (UCS) (29% and 82%, respectively) and the maximum dry density of the CS; however, reinforcing of the specimens with PP fiber at a concentration in the range of 0.5%–1.5% generally reduced the UCS of the specimens. The pullout test results exhibited a considerable interfacial performance for the Dyneema fiber. The CS reinforced with 1.0% Dyneema and glass fiber demonstrated a lower weight loss after 12 wetting and drying cycles compared to other specimens. The maximum gauge factors were also achieved for Dyneema fiber-reinforced CS. The outcomes of this study, balanced with sustainable issues, contribute to the development of the new era of smart structures, with applications to roller-compacted-concrete dams, rammed earth, and particularly in structural layers in transportation infrastructure.