Various Kinds Of Alcohols Research Articles

Synthesis, structure elucidation, Hirshfeld surface analysis, DFT, molecular docking and Monte Carlo simulation of new quinoline-4-carboxylate derivatives

Herein, new 2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-4-carboxylate derivatives (2a-5d) have been synthesized based on a developed systematic approach, only by esterification reactions of 2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-4-carboxylic acid with various kinds of alcohols, followed by an alkylation reactions using a different alkylating agents. All the generated compounds are characterized by NMR spectroscopy (1H and 13C). The structures of compounds (2b, 3c, 4a, and 4d) were confirmed using monocrystalline X-ray crystallography. The docking study of the developed derivatives and targets of protein database inhibitors (PDB: 1M17-EGFR kinase) showed useful information on possible interactions. The experimental results and the expected spectral data using the DFT method at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level of theory were compared. Bi- and three-dimensions Hirshfeld surface examinations have been realized to reveal the non-bond interactions in solid-phase crystal packing and to identify the neighboring inter-molecular contacts for the three molecules 3c, 4a, and 4d. Monte Carlo simulations in the aqueous phase were used to expect the affinity of these derivatives toward mitigation of iron and copper corrosion in acidic and neutral solutions. A proper protection property is anticipated for compounds 3c and 4d.

Synthesis and Characterization of CoxOy–MnCO3 and CoxOy–Mn2O3 Catalysts: A Comparative Catalytic Assessment Towards the Aerial Oxidation of Various Kinds of Alcohols

CoxOy–manganese carbonate (X%)(CoxOy–MnCO3 catalysts (X = 1–7)) were synthesized via a straightforward co-precipitation strategy followed by calcination at 300 °C. Upon calcination at 500 °C, these were transformed to CoxOy–dimanganese trioxide i.e., (X%)CoxOy–Mn2O3. A relative catalytic evaluation was conducted to compare the catalytic efficiency of the two prepared catalysts for aerial oxidation of benzyl alcohol (BzOH) to benzaldehyde (BzH) using O2 molecule as a clean oxidant without utilizing any additives or alkalis. Amongst the different percentages of doping with CoxOy (0–7% wt./wt.) on MnCO3 support, the (1%)CoxOy–MnCO3 catalyst exhibited the highest catalytic activity. The influence of catalyst loading, calcination temperature, reaction time, and temperature and catalyst dosage was thoroughly assessed to find the optimum conditions of oxidation of benzyl alcohol (BzOH) for getting the highest catalytic efficiency. The (1%)CoxOy–MnCO3 catalyst which calcined at 300 °C displayed the best effectiveness and possessed the largest specific surface area i.e., 108.4 m2/g, which suggested that the calcination process and specific surface area play a vital role in this transformation. A 100% conversion of BzOH along with BzH selectivity >99% was achieved after just 20 min. Notably, the attained specific activity was found to be considerably larger than the previously-reported cobalt-containing catalysts for this transformation. The scope of this oxidation reaction was expanded to various alcohols containing aromatic, aliphatic, allylic, and heterocyclic alcohols without any further oxidation i.e., carboxylic acid formation. The scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area analytical techniques were used to characterize the prepared catalysts. The obtained catalyst could be easily regenerated and reused for six consecutive runs without substantial decline in its efficiency.

Aerobic oxidation of alcohols over Ru-Mn-Ce and Ru-Co-Ce catalysts: The effect of calcination temperature

Two ternary mixed oxides, Ru-Mn-Ce and Ru-Co-Ce, were prepared by a co-precipitation method and used in the aerobic oxidation of alcohols to corresponding aldehydes (ketones). Interestingly, different catalytic results were obtained when these compounds were calcined. The calcination temperature had an adverse effect on the catalytic performance of Ru-Mn-Ce catalysts, while being beneficial to the Ru-Co-Ce catalysts. To illustrate these effects, these materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and other techniques. The data showed that ruthenium oxides were uniformly dispersed in the mixed oxides, and phase transformations occur after calcination. Mn3O4 was transformed to MnO2 for the Ru-Mn-Ce catalyst, while CoO(OH) was transformed to Co3O4 in the Ru-Co-Ce catalyst. The interactions between ruthenium oxides and Co (Mn)-Ce mixed oxides of the former strengthened while the latter weakened. Calcination decreased the content of adsorbed oxygen and restricted oxygen transfer mechanism in the manganese system, while the opposite effect was observed with the cobalt-containing catalyst. Under optimal reaction conditions, various kinds of alcohols were transformed to corresponding aldehydes (ketones) in high yields over the Ru-Mn-Ce catalyst suggesting these ternary oxides are environmental friendly and economical catalytic systems.

RAPE SEED OIL TETRAHYDROFURFURYLESTERS

The transesterification of vegetable oil using various kinds of alcohols is a simple and efficient renewable fuel synthesis technique. Products obtained by modifying natural triglycerides in transesterification reaction substitute fossil fuels and mineral oils. Currently the most significant is the biodiesel, a mixture of fatty acid methyl esters, which is obtained in a reaction with methanol, which in turn is obtained from fossil raw materials. In biodiesel production it would be more appropriate to use alcohols which can be obtained from renewable local raw materials. Ethanol rouses interest as a possible reagent, however, its production locally is based on the use of grain and therefore competes with food production so it would implicitly cause increase in food prices. Another raw material option is alcohols that can be obtained from furfurole. Furfurole is obtained in dehydration process from pentose sugars which can be extracted from crop straw, husk and other residues of agricultural production. From furfurole the tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA), a raw material for biodiesel, can be produced. By transesterifying rapeseed oil with THFA it would be possible to obtain completely renewable biodiesel with properties very close to diesel [2-4]. With the purpose of developing the synthesis of such fuel, in this work a three-stage synthesis of rapeseed oil tetrahydrofurfurylesters (ROTHFE) in sulphuric acid presence has been performed, achieving product with purity over 98%. The most important qualitative factors of ROTHFE have been determined - cold filter plugging point, cetane number, water content, Iodine value, phosphorus content, density, viscosity and oxidative stability.

Localized surface plasmon resonance sensing properties of photocatalytically prepared Ag/TiO2 films

Photocatalytic deposition of Ag nanoparticles from a mixed aqueous solution of AgNO3 and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) onto TiO2 film supported on indium-tin oxide-coated glass slide (Ag/TiO2 film) was carried out by using UV light irradiation. The size and shape of the Ag nanoparticles were controlled by the addition of PVP during the photodeposition. In the optical absorption spectra of the Ag/TiO2 film, the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) absorption of the Ag nanoparticles was observed. When the film was immersed in various kinds of alcohols with the refractive index at 20°C (), ranging between 1.3292 and 1.4103, the peak LSPR absorption was shifted to longer wavelengths and the peak absorbance increased with increasing . The spectral change of the Ag/TiO2 film with larger spherical Ag nanoparticles was more prominent than that with smaller ones.

Aerobic alcohol oxidation catalyzed by supported ruthenium hydroxides

The supported ruthenium hydroxide (Ru(OH) x ) catalysts prepared with three different TiO 2 supports and an Al 2O 3 support showed the high catalytic activity for the oxidation of alcohols with molecular oxygen. In the presence of the most active catalyst, various kinds of alcohols could be converted into the corresponding carbonyl compounds in high yields. In addition, the catalyst could be applied to the aerobic amine oxidation. The observed catalysis was truly heterogeneous and the catalyst retrieved after the reaction could be reused with keeping its high catalytic performance. A reaction mechanism involving the ruthenium alcoholate formation/hydride abstraction (β-elimination) has been proposed. The alcoholate formation and hydride abstraction are reversible reactions. The kinetic isotope effects ( k H/ k D = 4.9–5.3) show that the C–H bond breaking is included in the rate-determining step. The present Ru(OH) x -catalyzed aerobic alcohol oxidation was dependent on the coordination number (CN) of nearest-neighbor Ru atoms in Ru(OH) x and the suitable CN existed.

Ultra-fast pulse radiolysis: A review of the recent system progress and its application to study on initial yields and solvation processes of solvated electrons in various kinds of alcohols

In order to study radiation-induced fast phenomena, a new pulse radiolysis system with higher time resolution based on pulse-and-probe method was developed and utilized for practical work. A few picosecond electron beam generated from a linear accelerator, in which a laser photocathode RF-gun is introduced, was synchronized with a femtosecond laser pulse which is employed as the analyzing light. The synchronization precision between them was suppressed within 1.6 ps (rms). Converting the fundamental laser into white light continuum or optical parametric amplification allows to measure in the wide wavelength from visible to infrared region.

Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensing Properties of Ag/TiO2 Films

Abstract Ag nanoparticles were deposited on TiO2 films (Ag/TiO2 films) by photocatalytic means. When the film was immersed in various kinds of alcohols, the linear relationship was observed between the wavelength of localized surface plasmon resonance peak and the refractive index of the alcohols in the range of 1.33–1.41. The Ag/TiO2 films can be applied to the SPR sensors.

Highly efficient oxidation of alcohols and aromatic compounds catalysed by the Ru-Co-Al hydrotalcite in the presence of molecular oxygen

The ruthenium hydrotalcite having cobalt cations, Ru-Co-Al-CO3 HT, is an effective heterogeneous catalyst for the oxidation of various kinds of alcohols in the presence of molecular oxygen.

Effect of the various kinds of alcohols on trypsin and chymotrypsin activity at low temperature

The effect of alcohols and sugars on an increase in the activity at the low temperature of the trypsin and chymotrypsin was examined. The activity at the low temperature of both enzymes has increased by 2-propanol and ethanol addition.However, an activity increase was not observed in trehalose, glucose, and sucrose addition. The activity increased at the low temperature of about 10°C to which the activity decreased at about 40°C when 2-propanol addition from which an increase in the activity was especially seen was examined.Moreover, the decrease in the temperature dependency was seen by the 2-propanol addition. It was guessed that the change took place in the structure of the enzyme because the hydrophobicity on the surface of the enzyme increased by 2-propanol addition, and the increase of the activity at the low temperature had been caused.

Adsorption and Recovery of Nonionic Surfactants by β-Cyclodextrin Polymer

Adsorption and recovery of nonionic surfactants (alkylphenol ethoxylate; APE) from aqueous solution was studied using β-cyclodextrin polymer (βCD-P). A 150-ml aqueous solution containing 200 ppm of APE and 1 g of βCD-P was shaken for 2 h in a batchwise test using a beaker. The results indicated that about 85% of APE was adsorbed on βCD-P from aqueous solution and also the adsorbed APE was released from βCD-P by shaking with a mixture of water and various kinds of alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, 2-propanol, andt-butanol. Regenerated βCD-P was reusable as an adsorbent. The APE recovery efficiency was dependent on the ratio of the mixture of water and each alcohol. Furthermore, the continuous recovery of APE was studied using a column charged with βCD-P at 25, 50, and 70°C, and also the adsorption isotherms were obtained by observing the equilibrium concentration and the amount of adsorbed APE at the same temperatures.

Mild, effective and selective method for the silylation of alcohols using silazanes promoted by catalytic tetrabutylammonium fluoride

The presence of catalytic amounts (∼0.02 equiv.) of tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF) significantly promoted the silylation of alcohols using a variety of available silazanes under mild conditions with high chemoselectivity, wherein the choice of silazanes allowed an alternative method for the powerful silylation of various kinds of alcohols or the highly regioselective silylation of primary alcohols.

Photoemission studies and outgassing‐rate measurements on aluminum‐alloy surfaces lathed with various alcohols

X‐ray photoemission spectroscopy measurements have been carried out for aluminum surfaces lathed with various kinds of alcohols. Through analysis of the surface chemistry of each surface, the formation mechanism of the surface oxide layer during the lathing was clarified. All the alcohols tested in this study showed equivalently thin oxide layer on the treated surface, suggesting their possibilities for the use in ultrahigh vacuum. Validity of this suggestion was confirmed by extremely low outgassing rates and a rapid evacuation curve obtained for the ethanol‐lathing or the isopropanol‐lathing treated aluminum‐alloy chambers.

Transesterification reactions in molten polymers

AbstractThe transesterification reaction of molten ethylene and vinyl alcohol copolymers (EVA), in presence of paraffinic alcohols and basic catalysts, leads to high conversion of the ester groups to secondary alcohol in both discontinuous and continuous processing equipment. Various kinds of alcohols and two different catalysts were used. Sodium methoxide is a powerful catalyst for the equilibrated transesterification reaction, but we also observed side reactions, such as cross‐linking with low‐molecular‐weight alcohols and hydrolysis of the catalyst followed by partial saponification of the EVA. Kinetic studies were performed in the presence of dibutyltin dilaurate, an efficient catalyst without any side reactions. The solubility of the main alcohol reagents was verified by diffusion measurements. The general reaction scheme and the related kinetics, corresponding to a homogeneous system, lead to a fair evaluation of the rate constants.

New oxidative systems for alcohols: molecular sieves with chromium(VI) reagents

The oxidation of various kinds of alcohols, including carbohydrates and nucleosides, by molecular sieve–pyridinium chlorochromate and molecular sieve–pyridinium dichromate has been investigated. The catalytic properties of molecular sieves have been investigated using kinetic, stereochemical, and isotope-labelling experiments. It is postulated that specific sites on the sieves favour hydride-ion transfer.

Selective oxidation of hydroxy groups of phenylthio and phenylseleno alcohols

Various kinds of alcohols bearing phenylthio or phenylseleno moiety were converted into the corresponding carbonyl compounds in good to excellent yields by treating with dimesityl diselenide and tert -butyl hydroperoxide.

表面処理シリカゲル付着基の同定並びに性状に関する赤外線吸収スペクトルと示差熱・熱重量分析による検討

表面処理シリカゲル付着基の同定並びに性状に関する赤外線吸収スペクトルと示差熱・熱重量分析による検討

Preparation of the Organophilic Silica Gels by the Surface-Treatment through the Solutions of Various kinds of Alcohols in Hydrocarbon, and their Physicochemical Properties

The surface of silica gels was treated by the following procedure; the silica gels were soaked into hexane solution of various kinds of alcohols, i. c. saturated and unsaturated, both of linear and branched chains, phenyl alcohols, etc. Several diols were made to be reacted upon by the respective alcohols in autoclave under high pressure and temperature, and then the solution vapours were blown out at or near the critical point of hexane. The silica gels were then washed by alcohol or benzene and hexane.The following results were confirmed.(1) These surface-treated silica gels were organophilic, except those which were treated by diol in the test of the preferable property of dispersion into the mixed media like water∼hexane.(2) The surface group of treated silica gels were assigned as the alcohoxy group through the elemental analysis and argon surface area and also the silica gel treated by the unsaturated alcohol still held the double bond in the surface group.(3) The silica gel showed the hydrophilicity after treatment with diol, since a hydroxyl group of diols are reacted upon by a silanol of the silica gel.(4) Silanols of the silica gel were not reacted upon by tertiary alcohols like tert-butanol or tert-pentanol.(5) The decrease of argon surface area after surface treatment was interpreted by the existence of the micropores covered by the surface group.

The Effect of Alcohols on the Solubilization of Oleic Acid in the Aqueous Solution of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate

Abstract The solubilization of oleic acid in the aqueous solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate was studied in the presence of various kinds of alcohols in various concentrations. When the concentration of alcohols in the detergent solution is not so great, the solubility of oleic acid decreases as the amount of alcohols increases. This is explained by the solution of oleic acid and alcohols in the same place in the micelle, i. e., in the palisade layer. When the water soluble alcohols are used the solubilization of oleic acid turns out to increase at a certain concentration of the alcohols in the detergent solution. This is explained by the solution of oleic acid in the solvent liquid as well as in the detergent micelles.

P‐bromobenzazide as a reagent for the identification of alcohols

Abstractp‐Bromobenzazide, from nitrous acid and p‐bromobenzhydrazide, was condensed in hot ligroin solution with various kinds of alcohols, giving solid, crystalline urethanes with distinct melting points. These urethanes are considered as suitable derivatives for the identification of alcohols.