Variety Of Different Causes Research Articles

Significance of nanoparticles shape for enhanced heat transfer over on elastic sheet

This study analyzes the impact that the shape of nanoparticles has on the rate at which heat is transferred over an elastic sheet, which is one of the most important aspects of thermal management. It addresses the pressing demand for effective heat dissipation and insulation in a variety of industries, including energy systems and electronic devices, among others. The importance of this work rests in the fact that it has the potential to make conventional methods of heat transmission obsolete. By gaining an understanding of how the morphologies of nanoparticles affect their thermal properties, we may pave the way for the development of novel materials and applications, which will ultimately result in increased energy efficiency and high-performance technology. The originality by arguing that the study fills a knowledge gap on how different nanoparticle shapes influence heat transport in elastic sheets. The importance of this property for applications such as electronics and materials research should be emphasized. Within the scope of this study, a nanofluid composed of copper and water is utilized to investigate the movement of heat between the stretching sheets. This objective is supported by the utilization of the Hamilton Crosser Model as a tool. Platelets, cylinders, and blocks are some of the shapes and sizes of the nanoparticles that are utilized in this process. A magnetic field is applied, which changes the thermal properties of the nanofluids that are being used in the process of exchanging heat between two objects. This makes the process go more quickly. A similarity transformation is used to convert the governing equations into a collection of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). By using the shooting method, the boundary value problem can be converted into an initial value problem. This is achievable since the shooting technique is a shooting method. After that, a numerical solution is found for this issue using the RK-4 method. We give visual data that demonstrates how the flow pattern and temperature profile change as a result of a variety of different causes. Plots are provided for both the Nusselt number and the skin friction coefficient. As the inquiry goes on and the values of the key parameters are changed, one thing that happens consistently across all forms of nanoparticles is an increase in the velocity profile. This is a pattern. In addition, the nanofluid that is formed of platelet-shaped nanoparticles (which has a bigger value of shape factor) is shown to have the greatest temperature. This finding demonstrates a clear association between temperature and shape factor.

Acute Abdominal Pain in the Emergency Department

Abdominal pain is a common leading symptom in emergency medicine. This symptom complex includes a variety of different causes, ranging from intra-abdominal to extra-abdominal and retroperitoneal pathologies, which can affect all age groups. Abdominal complaints can include diseases ranging from trivialities to life-threatening emergencies. The acute abdominal condition is an interdisciplinary emergency in which interdisciplinary teamwork is mandatory. A rapid initial assessment and risk stratification is necessary in order to detect critically ill patients with an acute need for intervention at an early stage and to provide them with a suitable emergency therapy. A structured approach can identify the most important differential diagnoses.

An effect of Ayurvedic formulations orally and Karanj Tailam topically in the management of Vicharchika WSR to Eczema- A case study.

Abstract:- 
 Skin diseases commonly known as Dermatitis, are occurs all over the world at significant levels. The skin is most important part of the body which protects the body from various external factors.
 In the ayurvedic literature all skin diseases were included under the “Kushtharog” which is classified in two divisions i.e. Mahakushtha and kshudrakushtha.
 In ayurveda vicharchika is described under kshudrakushtha. All the clinical features of vicharchika are similar to eczema in modern dermatology.
 Eczema which is also known as Atopic dermatitis , is refers to a group of inflammatory conditions, it affects the outer layer of the skin the epidermis.characterized by dry itchy skin, which is classified in two phase i.e. acute phase and chronic phase. Dermatitis results from a variety of different causes and has various patterns.
 In ayurveda there are many formulations for internal and topical application mentioned by the different Acharays in samhitas, which can shows significant effect on vicharchika.
 Methodology:- In this case Arogyavardhini vati and Gandhak rasayan administer orally and Karanj tailam topically given to the patient.
 Result:- There is significant effect on clinical signs and symptoms of patient and size of affected area.
 Conclusion:- In this case study combine use of Arogyavardhini vati and gandhak rasayan orally and Karanj tailam topically was very effective in reducing signs, symptoms, and size of affected area of vicharchika. .

Spermatic cord angiomyolipoma misdiagnosed as inguinoscrotal hernia

Introduction. Angiomyolipomas represent neoplasms of mesenchymal origin, made up of abnormal thick-walled blood vessels, smooth spindle muscle cells, and mature adipose cells. The most common site of origin are kidneys, and other localizations are extremely rare. We represent a case of a spermatic cord angiomyolipoma misdiagnosed as incarcerated inguinoscrotal hernia, and to our prudence this is second described case of an angiomyolipoma localized in the spermatic cord. Case outline. We present a case of a 63-year-old man presented with high fever and difficulty in walking due to pain and swelling in the right groin. According to the clinical examination and laboratory tests, presumptive diagnosis was incarcerated inguinoscrotal hernia, so the patient was immediately operated on. The exploration of the inguinal canal showed a timorous mass, 9 ? 9 cm in size, with the origin from the spermatic cord, so radical inguinal orchiectomy was performed with the removal of the tumor mass. Histopathological and immunohistochemistry examination suggested angiomyolipoma of the spermatic cord. The postoperative course was uneventful. Conclusion. Although rare, an angiomyolipoma of the spermatic cord must be included in the differential diagnosis of scrotal masses. Also, we advocate additional diagnostic procedures (ultrasound or computed tomography) for every inguinoscrotal mass before undertaking surgery, since a variety of different causes can be found. After definitive angiomyolipoma diagnosis is obtained, further investigation is needed, especially brain computed tomography due to possible tuberous sclerosis coexistence.

Dysphagia in patients with non-head and neck cancer.

To review the current evidence on dysphagia in non-head and neck cancer, including its cause, prevalence, impact, management, and areas for future research. Dysphagia is widely recognised as a common and debilitating side-effect of head and neck cancer (HNC) and its treatment; however, minimal attention has been given to dysphagia in other cancer populations. Detailed data regarding the exact nature and prevalence of dysphagia are limited, in part because of the lack of any validated tools specifically for non-HNC patients. Dysphagia can be due to a variety of different causes in cancer patients. It can have a significant impact on physical and psychological wellbeing, and its management can be complex and multifactorial. Preliminary evidence suggests that the prevalence of dysphagia in non-HNC patients may be high. Cancer patients are vulnerable and survivorship is a key component of cancer care, so further research is essential to better understand the problem and thus provide optimal care and outcomes for patients.

Neurologic complications in common wrist and hand surgical procedures.

Nerve dysfunction after upper extremity orthopedic surgery is a recognized complication, and may result from a variety of different causes. Hand and wrist surgery require incisions and retraction that necessarily border on small peripheral nerves, which may be difficult to identify and protect with absolute certainty. This article reviews the rates and ranges of reported nerve dysfunction with respect to common surgical interventions for the distal upper extremity, including wrist arthroplasty, wrist arthrodesis, wrist arthroscopy, distal radius open reduction and internal fixation, carpal tunnel release, and thumb carpometacarpal surgery. A relatively large range of neurologic complications is reported, however many of the studies cited involve relatively small numbers of patients, and only rarely are neurologic complications included as primary outcome measures. Knowledge of these neurologic outcomes should help the surgeon to better counsel patients with regard to perioperative risk, as well as provide insight into workup and management of any adverse neurologic outcomes that may arise.

Causal beliefs in people experiencing psychosis: The relationship to treatment accessed and the perceived helpfulness of treatment.

Research suggests that the way an individual understands a health difficulty can influence their subsequent behaviour. The aim of this study was to explore the psychometric properties of a new causal belief questionnaire for people who have experience of psychosis. We also planned to provide an overview of current causal beliefs within this group and to explore the relationship between these beliefs and the perceived helpfulness of treatment and the treatment accessed. Three hundred and eleven service-users with experience of psychosis completed a questionnaire designed to explore how they understand the cause of their difficulties. Additional information was collected about different aspects of treatment. The results of the exploratory factor analysis indicated a two-factor solution comprising a psychosocial and biogenetic scale. Individuals in this study endorsed a variety of different causes, with an overall preference for psychosocial explanations. No relationships were established between beliefs and perceptions about the helpfulness of treatment. Individuals who had accessed cognitive behavioural therapy were more likely to endorse the psychosocial factor. Individuals with psychosis consider a number of factors to be important in relation to the development of their experiences. These beliefs should be explored as part of the therapeutic process as this appears to be important to the individual and could potentially help inform treatment decisions. The causal belief questionnaire captured two underlying constructs relating to psychosocial and biogenetic causes. Individuals within this group endorsed a range of factors; however, they prefer psychosocial causes overall. There was an indication that some aspects of an individual's beliefs were associated with the treatment they accessed.

Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura with Intracranial Haemorrhage and Menorrhagia

A rare and life threatening complication of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura is intracranial hemorrhage ( ICH) and is the leading reported cause of death. The other important manifestation of ITP is menorrhagia. There are a variety of different causes of menorrhagia and gynecological evaluation is essential to tailor management to the individual patient to prevent unnecessary invasive procedure which may have limited effect. A 25 years old female para-2+0 presented with menorrhagia,severe excruciating headache,easy bruising, ecchymosis and petechialhemorrhage. After all investigation clinical evaluation it was diagnosed as a case of ITP with intracranial hemorrhage and menorrhagia. An intracranial hemorrhage is the most dreaded complication of ITP it is essential toprecede an early diagnosis, prompt and aggressive management and optimizing the management of acute menorrhagia remains of clinical importance due to life threatening nature of the condition.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2017; 35(2): 97-99

Facial Asymmetry in a Crying Newborn: A Comparison of Two Cases and Review of Literature

Facial asymmetry in a crying newborn can be due to a variety of different causes. Neonatal asymmetric crying facies (NACF) is a specific phenotype, which is often underrecognized. It is defined as asymmetry of the mouth and lips with grimacing or smiling, but a symmetric appearance at rest. NACF needs to be differentiated from complete facial palsy in a newborn, which can occur due to traumatic or developmental etiologies. Developmental causes can be present in isolation or may be a part of a recognized syndrome. While asymmetric lower lip depression may be seen in both conditions, complete facial palsy is also associated with upper and mid face deformities. We present a case of NACF and compare it to a case of facial palsy due to perinatal trauma. The purpose of this case series is to clarify some of the confusing nomenclatures and highlight the differences in the physical exam findings, diagnosis, and eventual prognosis of these cases.

A Link Between Maternal Thyroid Hormone and Sexual Orientation?

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Assessment of anti-arrhythmic activity of antipsychotic drugs in an animal model: Influence of non-cardiac α1-adrenergic receptors

Torsades de Pointes (TdP) is a potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia and a known adverse effect of many drugs secondary to block of the rapidly activating delayed rectifier potassium current (IKr). In animal models antipsychotic drugs have shown reduced pro-arrhythmic potential compared to drugs with comparable IKr-blocking characteristics. The reduced pro-arrhythmic properties of antipsychotic drugs has been attributed to a variety of different causes e.g., effects on α1-adrenergic receptors, β-adrenergic receptors, muscarinic receptors or cardiac ion channels like Ca2+- and Na+-channels. Since only limited experimental information exists about the effects of α1-adrenergic receptor activity of antipsychotic drugs in pro-arrhythmic models, we have decided to investigate this. In this study we show that four antipsychotic drugs all have high affinity for α1-adrenergic receptor (sertindole>risperidone>haloperidol>olanzapine) and all block IKr (sertindole>haloperidol>risperidone>olanzapine). In canine Purkinje fibres, α1-adrenergic stimulation prolonged action potential duration; however, the stimulation does not cause afterdepolarizations, even in the presence of dofetilide-induced delayed repolarization. We showed for the first time in an in vivo pro-arrhythmic rabbit model that several antipsychotic drugs in accordance with their known α1-adrenergic receptor blocking properties reduced the incidence of drug-induced TdP and that the overall ability of the antipsychotic drugs to prevent TdP was associated with prevention of methoxamine induced increase in blood pressure. Further investigations are required to clarify the relative importance of α1-adrenergic receptor antagonism in conjunction with the additional effects of antipsychotic drugs on various receptors and ion channels.

Differential diagnosis of nasal obstruction

Nasal obstruction can have a variety of different causes. The following text describes important diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses, which are associated with the symptom of nasal obstruction and discusses specifics of diagnosis and therapy.

Unspeakable Inequalities: Post Feminism, Entrepreneurial Subjectivity, and the Repudiation of Sexism among Cultural Workers

Work in the cultural and creative fields is marked by stark and growing inequalities relating to gender, class, and race/ethnicity. Yet, the same industries are also characterised by an ethos that celebrates openness, egalitarianism, and meritocracy. This paper explores this paradox, focusing in particular on gender inequalities. It argues that there is a need to move beyond the standard conventional explanations for women’s under-representation within the creative workforce, which point to female childbearing and childcare as central. Whilst not disputing the significance of motherhood to women’s career trajectories, the paper suggests that the repeated focus on maternity is problematic and may close down other areas of potential investigation and critique. The paper suggests that three alternative foci would repay attention in understanding inequalities in the CCI. First, the new, mobile, subtle, and revitalised forms of sexism in circulation urgently require further examination. Secondly, the power of the dominant post feminist sensibility which, in suggesting that “all the battles have been won,” renders inequality increasingly difficult to voice or speak about, demands critique. Thirdly, the new forms of labouring subjectivity required to survive in the field of cultural work may themselves be contributing to the inequalities in the field, by favouring an entrepreneurial individualistic mode that disavows structural power relations. These three aspects of life in the field of cultural work merit further attention and suggest that gender inequality has a variety of different causes, not all located in women’s childbearing abilities. Moreover, the paper argues that the very myth of egalitarianism at work in the CCI may itself be a key mechanism through which inequality is reproduced.

Papillary Meningioma Presenting as Rapidly Progressive Dementia and Parkinsonism

In-Seok Park, M.D.*, Seung-Hee Na, M.D.*, Young-Do Kim, M.D.*, In-Uk Song, M.D.*, Lee-So Maeng, M.D.†, YoungSoon Yang, M.D.‡ Department of Neurology* and Pathology†, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul; Department of Neurology‡, Veterans Hospital, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea There are a variety of different causes of parkinsonism including PD, secondary parkinsonism, and the parkinsonism plus syndromes. Secondary parkinsonism is caused by structural, toxic, metabolic, or infectious mechanisms. Among structural causes, intracranial neoplasms are a rare cause of secondary parkinsonism. Moreover, there are almost never case reports with intracranial space-occupying lesions resulting in parkinsonism associated with rapid cognitive impairment. Therefore, we report herein a 37-yearold woman diagnosed with papillary meningioma who presented with parkinsonism associated with rapidly progressive cognitive impairment mimicking diffuse Lewy body disease.

Power Quality Analysis in a Distribution Network of a Quarry Processing Plant

Power quality problems encompass a wide range of different phenomena. Each of these phenomena may have a variety of different causes and different solutions that can be used to improve upon the power quality and equipment performance. This paper analyses the malfunctioning of a capacitor bank at a quarry processing company (QPC) in the Western Region of Ghana. The QPC had held the Electricity Company of Ghana (ECG) responsible for the damage. According to QPC, the damage was due to frequent power fluctuations and outages experienced from the ECG distribution network. The paper presents and discusses techniques used to investigate the cause of the problem. The result of the analysis of the damage was conducted using the electromagnetic transient programme (EMTP) and relates the damage to harmonic resonance produced from the QPC power distribution network. It is recommended that, for reliable, safe and economic operation of capacitor banks, the harmonic content of an electrical installation is measured and analyzed before installation.

Retroperitoneal fibrosis

Retroperitoneal fibrosis is a rare syndrome hallmarked by a fibrosclerotic tissue in the retroperitoneum, often leading to encasement of the ureters. About two-thirds of cases of retroperitoneal fibrosis are idiopathic, while the remaining cases are secondary to a variety of different causes, including drugs, tumors and infections. Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis may be associated with abdominal aorta aneurysms, with vasculitis of the thoracic aorta and of epi-aortic vessels, or both. Most patients present with abdominal and/or low back pain. Serum markers of inflammation are usually, but not invariably, elevated. The diagnosis is secured by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, which typically show an enhancing retroperitoneal mass medially dislodging the ureters. Positron emission tomography can be useful to document the extent and metabolic activity of the inflammatory process. Treatment rests on glucocorticoids with a tapering scheme variably combined with immunosuppressive agents. In cases of ureter obstruction, relief of obstruction by stenting or ureterolysis is required.

Conservative management for a distance runner with a suspected case of quadratus femoris myofascial pain: a case report

Objective: Gluteal pain may stem from a variety of different causes. Quadratus Femoris (QF) is an uncommon but significant cause of gluteal pain. Design: Retrospective case report: distance runner with persistent gluteal pain. Setting: Sports Medicine Clinic, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Intervention: This case report describes a case of clinically suspected QF myopathy treated with soft tissue mobilization therapy, static stretching of the hip’s external rotators daily along with gluteus medius and maximus strengthening exercises. Outcome Measures: Completion of race, 10 point numerical pain scale, palpatory pain and muscle testing. Results: After the course of conservative therapy, the athlete was able to complete the marathon successfully with minimal discomforted rated 2/10 on a 10 point numerical pain scale. There was no palpatory pain and resisted external rotation testing of her right thigh was rated 5/5. Conclusion: There are several differential diagnoses for gluteal injuries. Therefore, it is important to perform a thorough history, physical examination and provide a specified accurately targeted treatment program for persistent pain and dysfunction in the athlete.

Coping with Vocally Disruptive Behaviour in Advanced Dementia

Vocally disruptive behaviour (VDB) is a common behavioural problem found in people with dementia. It can take different forms and be provoked by a variety of different causes. It can cause great distress to care givers and others within a person's environment. Causes of VDB, including pain, internal factors and external influences, can be removed or altered to reduce the risk of it occurring. This article provides information on why VDB occurs and how it can be managed.

Morbidity and mortality in Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY)

Klinefelter syndrome (KS) (47,XXY) is the most common sex chromosome disorder in man and is a relatively common cause of male infertility and hypogonadism. The syndrome has been known since 1942, and many reports of different diseases associated with KS have been reported since that, but a more systematic knowledge about the long-term outcome was not described until the last decade, where nation-wide epidemiological studies were reported from Britain and Denmark. We here review the epidemiological data from two cohorts of patients with KS in Denmark and Britain, showing a significant increase in both mortality and morbidity from a variety of different causes. Mortality was increased by 50% (SMR 1.5 or HR 1.4) corresponding to a median loss of approximately 2 years. The risk of being admitted to hospital with any diagnosis was increased by 70%. The underlying reason for the poorer health in KS may be caused by interaction of genetic, hormonal and socio-economic factors. Both morbidity and mortality are significantly increased in Klinefelter syndrome with a 50% increase in mortality risk and a 70% increase in risk of being admitted to hospital.

Pulmonary Fibrosis in Response to Environmental Cues and Molecular Targets Involved in Its Pathogenesis

Chronic lung injury resulting from a variety of different causes is frequently associated with the develop ment of pulmonary fibrosis in humans. Although the etiology of pulmonary fibrosis is generally unknown, several sources of evidence support the hypothesis that a number of environmental and occupational agents play an etiologic role in the pathogenesis of this disease. The agents discussed in this review include beryllium, nylon flock, textile printing aerosols, polyvinyl chloride and didecyldimethylammonium chloride. The authors also describe a variety of animal models, including genetically modified mice, in order to investigate the molecular mechanism of pulmonary fibrosis, focusing on chemokine receptors, regulatory T cells and transforming growth factor-β and bone morphogenetic protein signaling. Overall, we propose the concept of toxicological pulmonary fibrosis as a lung disease induced in response to environmental cues.