Variation In Seed Germination Research Articles

Variation in Seed Germination of Dysoxylum binectariferum: An Endangered Medicinal Tree Species, from Different Indian Seed Sources

Variation in Seed Germination of Dysoxylum binectariferum: An Endangered Medicinal Tree Species, from Different Indian Seed Sources

Variation in Seed Germination and Amylase Activity of Diverse Carrot [Daucus carota (L.)] Germplasm under Simulated Drought Stress

Drought is one of the major environmental challenges constraining the production of agricultural crops, including carrot. Seed germination is the initial and most critical stage of crop establishment, and it is very sensitive to drought stress because water scarcity affects the enzymatic solubilization of stored metabolites in seeds that provide energy for the growth of germinating embryo. Few studies evaluating the effect of drought stress on carrot seed germination of more than a few cultivars grown under stress have been published. Therefore, the present study was designed to define the appropriate osmotic potential for evaluating drought tolerance of carrot, evaluate the response of diverse carrot germplasm to drought stress during seed germination to identify drought-tolerant accessions that may be used by plant breeders, and evaluate the relation between amylase activity and germination rate of drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive accessions. To identify an appropriate screening osmotic potential, two commercial cultivars and two United States Department of Agriculture inbreeds were evaluated at six osmotic potentials (00, −0.30, −0.51, −0.58, −0.80, and −1.05 MPa); −0.58 MPa was identified as the optimal osmotic potential for screening the drought tolerance of carrot seed. Cultivated and wild carrot plant introductions (PIs) (n = 200 and n = 50, respectively) from the National Plant Germplasm System were evaluated for drought tolerance under nonstress and simulated drought stress conditions (00 MPa and −0.58 MPa, respectively) by calculating the absolute decrease (AD) in percent germination, inhibition index (II), relative drought tolerance (RDT), and drought tolerance index (DTI). All measurements of drought tolerance identified significant differences among accessions; the AD in seed germination ranged from 0.0% to 69.3%, II ranged from 0.0% to 80.2%, RDT ranged from 0.2 to 1.0, and DTI ranged from 0.13 to 1.47. All wild carrot accessions displayed low levels of drought tolerance, but PI 652387 and PI 177381 (both from Turkey) and PI 274297 (Pakistan) were most drought-sensitive, whereas cultivated accessions PI 643114 (United States), PI 652208 (China), and PI 502347 (Uzbekistan) were most drought-tolerant. Tolerant accessions displayed much higher α-amylase activity under nonstress conditions than sensitive accessions, and α-amylase activity of tolerant accessions was also reduced less with seed germination under increasing osmotic potential (range, 0.0 to −1.05 MPa) than sensitive accessions over 24, 48, and 72 hours of seed germination. This is the first evaluation of drought stress tolerance during seed germination and the enzymatic response of diverse carrot germplasms under simulated drought stress.

Effects of Pappus Removal and Low-temperature Short-term Storage on Interspecific and Intraspecific Variation in Seed Germination of Luobuma

Effects of Pappus Removal and Low-temperature Short-term Storage on Interspecific and Intraspecific Variation in Seed Germination of Luobuma

Variation in seed germination according to the storage period after harvest in the accessions of Perilla species.

우리나라에서 수집한 들깨와 차조기의 재배형 및 잡초형 계통들에 대하여 수확 이후 저장기간에 따른 종자발아율 변이를 이해하기 위하여 2016년 가을에 수확한 59개의 들깨, 차조기의 재배형 및 잡초형 계통(재배형 들깨 Type I 15계통, 재배형들깨 Type II 4계통, 잡초형 들깨 20계통, 잡초형 차조기 20계통)들에 대하여 발아율 및 발아세 조사를 하였다. 수확 후 6개월 동안의 들깨와 차조기의 재배형 및 잡초형 계통들에 대한 발아율 조사에서 재배형 들깨(Type I)의 계통들은 평균 80.8%의 발아율을 보였으나, 들깨와 차조기의 잡초형들은 평균 0.9%와 8.7%의 발아율을 보였다. 또한 재배형 들깨(Type II)의 계통들도 평균 18.2%의 발아율을 보였다. 그리고 발아세의 경우도 재배형 들깨(Type I)의 계통들은 평균 75.8%를 보였으나, 들깨와 차조기의 잡초형들은 평균 0.6%와 6.9%를 보였으며, 재배형 들깨(Type II)의 계통들도 평균 14.3%를 보였다. 그 결과 들깨, 차조기의 재배형 및 잡초형 계통들은 수확 후 1개월째보다 2개월째에서 발아율 및 발아세가 다소 증가한 것으로 보였으나, 그 이후부터 6개월째까지는 크게 증가하지 않는 것으로 보였다. 이상의 결과에 의하면, 재배형 들깨의 경우는 2가지 Type, 즉 발아율이 높은 Type I과 낮은 Type II가 존재하는 것으로 밝혀졌으며, 차조기의 재배형 및 잡초형 계통들은 모두 발아율이 낮은 것으로 밝혀졌다. 본 연구결과는 오늘날 우리나라에서 재배되고 있는 들깨와 차조기 작물의 재배형 및 잡초형 계통들에 대하여 수확 후 6개월까지 저장기간에 따른 종자발아 변이를 이해하는데 기초정보를 제공할 것으로 생각된다.

Variation in Seed Germination and Dormancy of Poa annua L. in Golf Course

Variation in Seed Germination and Dormancy of Poa annua L. in Golf Course

Studies on the variation in germination and seedling growth of Abies pindrow Spach. (Royle) in Garhwal region of Uttarakhand, India

Abies pindrow species is facing a problem of natural regeneration and the absence of adequate regeneration in Indian fir forests has drawn the attention of forest officers, researchers and scientists for a long time. The present study was undertaken in the state of Uttarakhand where four sites bearing A. pindrow forests were selected. The study was conducted to compare the seeds of the four sites to draw relevant conclusions. Two sites Mundali and Deoban fall under Chakrata forest division and Bhukki and Dharali sites fall under Uttarkashi forest division. The aim of the study was to determine variation in germination of seeds of A. pindrow collected from four locations in the state of Uttarakhand. A significant variation was observed in seed germination (germination percent, mean germination time, peak value, germination energy, germination value, germination speed) and seed growth parameters (seedlength, seed width and seed thickness). The seed source of Dharali site was found as the best source followed by Deoban in comparison to other two sites. Dharali site showed highest germination percentage (25%), highest germination value (2.664) and highest germination energy (25.00) from its seed source, thereby concluding to be the best seed source site. The viable and healthy seed source can be considered to be most fruitful in propagation and regeneration techniques.

Variation in seed germination of 134 common species on the eastern Tibetan Plateau: phylogenetic, life history and environmental correlates.

Seed germination is a crucial stage in the life history of a species because it represents the pathway from adult to offspring, and it can affect the distribution and abundance of species in communities. In this study, we examined the effects of phylogenetic, life history and environmental factors on seed germination of 134 common species from an alpine/subalpine meadow on the eastern Tibetan Plateau. In one-way ANOVAs, phylogenetic groups (at or above order) explained 13.0% and 25.9% of the variance in germination percentage and mean germination time, respectively; life history attributes, such as seed size, dispersal mode, explained 3.7%, 2.1% of the variance in germination percentage and 6.3%, 8.7% of the variance in mean germination time, respectively; the environmental factors temperature and habitat explained 4.7%, 1.0% of the variance in germination percentage and 13.5%, 1.7% of the variance in mean germination time, respectively. Our results demonstrated that elevated temperature would lead to a significant increase in germination percentage and an accelerated germination. Multi-factorial ANOVAs showed that the three major factors contributing to differences in germination percentage and mean germination time in this alpine/subalpine meadow were phylogenetic attributes, temperature and seed size (explained 10.5%, 4.7% and 1.4% of the variance in germination percentage independently, respectively; and explained 14.9%, 13.5% and 2.7% of the variance in mean germination time independently, respectively). In addition, there were strong associations between phylogenetic group and life history attributes, and between life history attributes and environmental factors. Therefore, germination variation are constrained mainly by phylogenetic inertia in a community, and seed germination variation correlated with phylogeny is also associated with life history attributes, suggesting a role of niche adaptation in the conservation of germination variation within lineages. Meanwhile, selection can maintain the association between germination behavior and the environmental conditions within a lineage.

Effect of passage through the gut of Greater Rheas on the germination of seeds of plants of cerrado and caatinga grasslands

Frugivorous seed-dispersers play an important role in the maintenance or regeneration of plant populations and communities. Greater Rheas are potentially one of the most import dispersers of seeds in South American grassland biomes owing to their capacity to swallow large seeds and their habitat of walking long distances each day. We studied the potential role of Greater Rheas in the dispersion of seeds of plants of the cerrado and caatinga grassland biomes through germination experiments. We evaluated the rate of seed germination and the mean time of germination of passage through the gut (seeds that passed through the digestive system of Rheas) compared with a control (seeds extracted directly from fruits). Nine species of plant from cerrado grasslands and three plant species from caatinga grasslands were tested. All three caatinga plant species germinated at a lower rate and took longer to germinate after passage through the gut, whereas two of nine cerrado plant species germinated at a higher rate and in less time after passage through the gut. Greater Rheas are probably good dispersers of some of the plant species we examined and may therefore be important in maintenance and regeneration of habitat. Future experiments will investigate the factors causing the variation in germination of seeds seen in this experiment.

Comparative longevity of Australian orchid (Orchidaceae) seeds under experimental and low temperature storage conditions

Seeds from ten terrestrial orchid species, nine from the south-west Australian biodiversity hotspot (Caladenia arenicola, Caladenia flava, Caladenia huegelii, Diuris laxiflora, Microtis media ssp. media, Pterostylis recurva, Pterostylis sanguinea, Thelymitra crinita and Thelymitra macrophylla) and one from south-east Australia (Diuris fragrantissima), were placed into experimental storage to assess their relative longevity and likely optimal conditions for long-term conservation seed banking. Seeds from all species were desiccation tolerant, germinating after drying at 23% relative humidity (C. arenicola, C. huegelii, P. sanguinea and T. macrophylla) or 5% relative humidity (C. flava, D. laxiflora, M. media ssp. media, P. recurva and T. crinita) at 23 °C. From automatedly determined moisture adsorption and desorption isotherms at 23 °C, these equate to tolerance of drying to 0.03–0.06 g water g−1 dry weight or 0.013–0.028 g water g−1 dry weight, respectively. Results of storage experiments at a range of moisture contents and temperatures suggest conventional seed bank storage at −18 °C after equilibration at c. 23% relative humidity (at 23 °C) may be suitable for most of the species, although there was higher germination of P. recurva seeds stored at −80 °C and of M. media ssp. media seeds equilibrated at 75% relative humidity. However, there was considerable variation in germination of seeds sampled after different storage periods, making it difficult to identify optimal storage conditions definitively. Results of comparative longevity storage experiments at 60% relative humidity and 40 °C suggest seeds from these orchid species are short-lived compared with non-orchid species, and with Australian species in particular. © 2010 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2010, 164, 26–41.

Variation in Seed Germination, Seedling Growth, Nucleic Acid and Biochemical Component in Canola (Brassica nupus L.) Under Salinity Stress

Variation in Seed Germination, Seedling Growth, Nucleic Acid and Biochemical Component in Canola (Brassica nupus L.) Under Salinity Stress

Physiological and Biochemical Variations in Seed Germination of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) Cultivars

Physiological and Biochemical Variations in Seed Germination of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) Cultivars

芝生における多年生雑草ヒメクグ類の種子発芽の変異

芝生における多年生雑草ヒメクグ類の種子発芽の変異

Variations in Seed Germination and Morphology among Populations of Salvia Columbariae Benth. In Southern California

Variations in Seed Germination and Morphology among Populations of Salvia Columbariae Benth. In Southern California