Variation In People Research Articles

Hierarchy as a signal of culture and belonging: Exploring why egalitarian ideology predicts aversion to hierarchical organizations

Variation in people's ideological preference for the maintenance of inequality between social groups (i.e., social dominance orientation; SDO) predicts important sociopolitical outcomes, such as endorsement of different social policies, institutions, and belief systems. We argue that SDO may also inform people's engagement with work organizations. Specifically, we propose that SDO may impact attraction to different organizational structures. Across 6 experiments (N = 3034), we find that people with relatively egalitarian values are less attracted to organizations with much (vs. little) managerial hierarchy; this gap in attraction is attenuated for relative anti-egalitarians (Studies 1a-b). These effects are not moderated by whether dominant vs. subordinate group members occupy positions of power in hierarchical arrangements (Study 2a-b) and are driven by signals concerning likelihood of organizational belonging that egalitarians (vs. anti-egalitarians) derive from managerial hierarchy (Studies 3a-b). We discuss implications for social dominance theory and research connecting ideology to organizational attraction.

Can a Novel Light Weight Minimal Support Lifting Exoskeleton Modify Lifting Movement in People without Low Back Pain?

Low back pain (LBP) is a major contributor to lifting-related disabilities. To minimize the risk of back pain, emerging technologies known as lifting exoskeletons were designed to optimize lifting movements. However, it is currently unknown whether a minimally supportive exoskeleton can alter the lifting movement in people without LBP. This study aims to investigate if wearing a novel lightweight exoskeleton that minimally supports the back, hip, and knee can alter the lifting range of motion and movement variations in people without LBP. This study also aims to investigate if wearing this novel exoskeleton can result in a reliable between-day lifting movement. In two separate sessions (each one week apart), fourteen participants lifted a box (that weighed 10% of their body weight) ten times, once while wearing an exoskeleton and once while not wearing an exoskeleton. Wearing the novel exoskeleton during lifting produced moderate-high, test-retest reliability (Trunk: ICC3,1 = 0.89, 95% CI [0.67, 0.96], SEM = 9.34°; Hip: ICC3,1 = 0.63, 95% CI [0.22, 0.88], SEM = 2.57°; Knee: ICC3,1 = 0.61, 95% CI [0.23, 0.87], SEM = 2.50°). Wearing an exoskeleton significantly decreased the range of motion of the knee (F1,4 = 4.83, p = 0.031, ηp2 = 0.06). Additionally, wearing an exoskeleton significantly decreased hip (diff = 8.38, p = 0.045) and knee (diff = -8.57, p = 0.038) movement variability; however, wearing an exoskeleton did not decrease the movement variability of the body's trunk (diff = 0.60, p = 1.00). Therefore, minimally supported lifting through the use of exoskeletons can modify movement in people without LBP and produce reliable lifting movements. Wearing the novel exoskeleton is also desirable for monitoring lifting movements. Future studies should investigate the use of sensors and IMU to monitor lifting movement at work with the least amount of intrusion on an individual's movement.

An integrated approach to analyze equitable access to food stores under disasters from human mobility patterns.

Limited access to food stores is often linked to higher health risks and lower community resilience. Socially vulnerable populations experience persistent disparities in equitable food store access. However, little research has been done to examine how people's access to food stores is affected by natural disasters. Previous studies mainly focus on examining potential access using the travel distance to the nearest food store, which often falls short of capturing the actual access of people. Therefore, to fill this gap, this paper incorporates human mobility patterns into the measure of actual access, leveraging large-scale mobile phone data. Specifically, we propose a novel enhanced two-step floating catchment area method with travel preferences (E2SFCA-TP) to measure accessibility, which extends the traditional E2SFCA model by integrating actual human mobility behaviors. We then analyze people's actual access to grocery and convenience stores across both space and time under the devastating winter storm Uri in Harris County, Texas. Our results highlight the value of using human mobility patterns to better reflect people's actual access behaviors. The proposed E2SFCA-TP measure is more capable of capturing mobility variations in people's access, compared with the traditional E2SFCA measure. This paper provides insights into food store access across space and time, which could aid decision making in resource allocation to enhance accessibility and mitigate the risk of food insecurity in underservedareas.

The Variations in People's Dailys Framing on Different Online Platforms

Based on framing theory, this study compares the differences between the most authoritative and influential newspapers in China, and the People's Daily's news coverage on four online platforms, including the Chinese official website, the English official website, Weibo, and Twitter. By collecting and analyzing the media coverage of People's Daily on July 1 (known as the Party's Day of the Communist Party of China) and July 8, this study argues that People's Daily selects and constructs coverage differently on four platforms, trying to adapt to the specific character of various audiences and platforms. The findings indicate that the influence of the Partys Day on Peoples Dailys coverage was more reflected on Chinese platforms, and People's Daily constructs different narratives in two dimensions: website - social media and China-foreign news. This study adopts the research method of quantitative statistics and content analysis to investigate the changes in People's Daily due to different platforms, which will provide new insights into People's Daily's reporting strategy and value orientation.

An novel SDA-CNN few shot domain adaptation framework for silent speech recognition

In BCI (brain-computer interface) applications, it is difficult to obtain enough well-labeled EEG data because of the expensive annotation and time-consuming data capture procedure. Conventional classification techniques that repurpose EEG data across domains and subjects lead to significant decreases in silent speech recognition classification accuracy. This research provides a supervised domain adaptation using Convolutional Neural Network framework (SDA-CNN) to tackle this problem. The objective is to provide a solution for the distribution divergence issue in the categorization of speech recognition across domains. The suggested framework involves taking raw EEG data and deriving deep features from it and the proposed feature selection method also retrieves the statistical features from the corresponding channels. Moreover, it attempts to minimize the distribution divergence caused by variations in people and settings by aligning the correlation of both the source and destination EEG characteristic dissemination. In order to obtain minimal feature distribution divergence and discriminative classification performance, the last stage entails simultaneously optimizing the loss of classification and adaption loss. The usefulness of the suggested strategy in reducing distributed divergence among the source and target Electroencephalography (EEG) data is demonstrated by extensive experiments carried out on KaraOne datasets. The suggested method achieves an average accuracy for classification of 87.4% for single-subject classification and a noteworthy average class accuracy of 88.6% for cross-subject situations, which shows that it surpasses existing cutting-edge techniques in thinking tasks. Regarding the speaking task, the model’s median classification accuracy for single-subject categorization is 86.8%, while its average classification accuracy for cross-subject classification is 87.8%. These results underscore the innovative approach of SDA-CNN to mitigating distribution discrepancies while optimizing classification performance, offering a promising avenue to enhance accuracy and adaptability in brain-computer interface applications.

Effect of switch from flash glucose monitoring to flash glucose monitoring with real-time alarms on hypoglycaemia in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus

We aimed to evaluate the utility of the FreeStyle Libre 2 device for reducing time below range level 1 and level 2 compared with the Freestyle Libre device (without alarms) in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus. We conducted longitudinal observational follow-up study of a cohort of 100 people with type 1 diabetes mellitus who had switched from FreeStyle Libre to FreeStyle Libre 2 as part of routine clinical practice. Three months after switching to FreeStyle Libre 2, compared with results with FreeStyle Libre, there were a significant improvements in time below range level 1 (p = 0.02) and level 2 (p <0.001), time in range (p <0.001), time above range level 1 (p = 0.002), glucose management indicator (p= 0.04) and mean glucose (p= 0.04) during follow-up. Furthermore there was a significant direct association between age and change in TIR with a coefficient of 0.23, and a significant inverse association between age and change in TAR-1 with a coefficient of 0.11. Switching to a flash glucose monitoring system with alarms improves time below range, time in range and coefficient of variation in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Development of a novel tool to investigate human laughter behaviour and experience

We present a questionnaire exploring everyday laughter experience. We developed a 30-item questionnaire in English and collected data on an English-speaking sample (N = 823). Based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA), we identified four dimensions which accounted for variations in people’s experiences of laughter: laughter frequency (‘Frequency’), social usage of laughter (‘Usage’), understanding of other people’s laughter (‘Understanding’), and feelings towards laughter (‘Liking’). Reliability and validity of the LPPQ were assessed. To explore potential similarities and differences based on culture and language, we collected data with Mandarin Chinese-speaking population (N = 574). A PCA suggested the extraction of the same four dimensions, with some item differences between English and Chinese versions. The Laughter Production and Perception Questionnaire (LPPQ) will advance research into the experience of human laughter, which has a potentially crucial role in everyday life.

Time trends and geographical variation in major lower limb amputation related to peripheral arterial disease in England.

Above and below knee amputation (AKA, BKA) are treatments of last resort for peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The aim was to examine amputation rates, AKA:BKA ratios, previous revascularization and minor amputation, lengths of stay in hospital, mortality following amputation, and regional variation in people with and without diabetes in England. The study used population-based ecological and cohort study designs, 31 672 census areas, hospital admissions from 2006 to 2018 and Poisson, logistic and Cox regression. There were 47 249 major lower limb amputations (50.7% AKA; 48% had diabetes), giving an annual PAD-related amputation rate of 11 per 100 000 in the population aged 25+ years. Amputation rates were higher in men and substantially higher in people with diabetes. The AKA:BKA ratio was 0.63 in patients with diabetes (n = 22 702) and 1.62 in patients without diabetes (n = 24 547). Of patients having AKA, 25.3% died within 90 days of amputation compared with 11.9% for BKA. Median survival following amputation ranged from only 1.68 years following AKA in patients with diabetes to 5.72 years following BKA in patients without diabetes. Amputation rates decreased over time mainly in the population with diabetes. Short-term mortality and lengths of stay in hospital also decreased over time, while the percentage with previous revascularization generally increased. Amputation rates and AKA:BKA ratios were highest in the North. Adjustment for age, sex and deprivation did not substantially alter geographical patterns. Adjusted 90-day mortality was generally higher in the North and the Midlands but also high in London. There were also regional variations in adjusted duration from admission to amputation, duration from amputation to discharge or death in hospital, previous revascularization and previous minor amputation. There were large variations in amputation rates and survival following amputation in relation to diabetes status and amputation level, and regional variations which remained after adjustment for deprivation.

Komparasi Konsep Penciptaan Tempat dan Keterikatan Desa Kota Studi Kasus Kota Denpasar

This study aims to compare the concept of place creation and place attachment in Denpasar City, Bali. In the context of rapid urbanization, urban development is becoming increasingly important in maintaining cultural identity and environmental sustainability. The main problem in this study is the difference in understanding and implementation of the concept of place creation and the level of place attachment by communities that focus on rural and urban urbanization. The urgency of the research lies in the need to understand Denpasar City as a center of cultural and tourism activities, blending urban growth with cultural and environmental preservation. The analysis was carried out on a review of government archives in the form of narratives, observations of service use, purchase of goods and vehicle movements, as well as examination of physical and spatial components. The results showed variations in people's perceptions of the concept of place creation, focusing on cultural and environmental preservation. In addition, the degree of attachment to places is related to the active participation of the community in the preservation of the cultural and environmental heritage of the city. This research reveals the importance of integrating people's aspirations in urban planning as well as promoting cultural and environmental sustainability as an integral part of the development of a better Denpasar City.

Heterogeneity in needs and purchases in Australian retirees

AbstractTo plan for retirement, it is important to understand how needs and purchases may change. We use data from a survey of elderly Australians to see how needs and purchases changed in different categories of goods and services. We looked especially at those who had experienced financial or health shocks. Our analysis shows variation in people's experiences, particularly for health costs, which increase with age. Having private health insurance appears to increase the level and volatility of health costs – presumably as a result of out‐of‐pocket costs. This information can be useful for financial advisors and superannuation trustees.

Fashion Aesthetics in Contemporary Arab Sculpture

The art of sculpture in the Arab world formed a solid foundation in the field of art through the various sculptural products presented by Arab sculptors in employing art through which they contributed to the reflection of the cultural heritage due to the forms, symbols, images, forms of clothing and their external formal influences that were included in their works, which reflected the aesthetics of fashion in Arab sculpture. Contemporary, which necessitated highlighting the knowledge of its aspects from the cognitive, social, artistic and cultural aspects, and the connotations expressed by the Arab sculptor in dress, and to know the cultural value and employ it in the sculptural work, through which it is possible to differentiate between one country and another in terms of culture, traditions, and knowledge of the segments of society that were the basis for the variation in people's daily lives. The current research includes four chapters, the first chapter of which includes the research problem, which becomes clear through the following question: What are the aesthetic values ​​achieved by fashion in contemporary Arab sculptural work, as well as the importance of research and the need for it, which lies in the fact that it represents a reflection of the aspects of traditional Arab life. The current research aims to identify the aesthetics of fashion in contemporary Arab sculpture. The research is limited spatially to sculptural works in the Arab world, temporally from 1950 to 2020, and objectively by studying sculptural works that reflect the aesthetics of contemporary Arab fashion.

Temporal and Emotional Variations in People's Perceptions of Mass Epidemic Infectious Disease After the COVID-19 Pandemic Using Influenza A as an Example: Topic Modeling and Sentiment Analysis Based on Weibo Data.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had profound impacts on society, including public health, the economy, daily life, and social interactions. Social distancing measures, travel restrictions, and the influx of pandemic-related information on social media have all led to a significant shift in how individuals perceive and respond to health crises. In this context, there is a growing awareness of the role that social media platforms such as Weibo, among the largest and most influential social media sites in China, play in shaping public sentiment and influencing people's behavior during public health emergencies. This study aims to gain a comprehensive understanding of the sociospatial impact of mass epidemic infectious disease by analyzing the spatiotemporal variations and emotional orientations of the public after the COVID-19 pandemic. We use the outbreak of influenza A after the COVID-19 pandemic as a case study. Through temporal and spatial analyses, we aim to uncover specific variations in the attention and emotional orientations of people living in different provinces in China regarding influenza A. We sought to understand the societal impact of large-scale infectious diseases and the public's stance after the COVID-19 pandemic to improve public health policies and communication strategies. We selected Weibo as the data source and collected all influenza A-related Weibo posts from November 1, 2022, to March 31, 2023. These data included user names, geographic locations, posting times, content, repost counts, comments, likes, user types, and more. Subsequently, we used latent Dirichlet allocation topic modeling to analyze the public's focus as well as the bidirectional long short-term memory model to conduct emotional analysis. We further classified the focus areas and emotional orientations of different regions. The research findings indicate that, compared with China's western provinces, the eastern provinces exhibited a higher volume of Weibo posts, demonstrating a greater interest in influenza A. Moreover, inland provinces displayed elevated levels of concern compared with coastal regions. In addition, female users of Weibo exhibited a higher level of engagement than male users, with regular users comprising the majority of user types. The public's focus was categorized into 23 main themes, with the overall emotional sentiment predominantly leaning toward negativity (making up 7562 out of 9111 [83%] sentiments). The results of this study underscore the profound societal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. People tend to be pessimistic toward new large-scale infectious diseases, and disparities exist in the levels of concern and emotional sentiments across different regions. This reflects diverse societal responses to health crises. By gaining an in-depth understanding of the public's attitudes and focal points regarding these infectious diseases, governments and decision makers can better formulate policies and action plans to cater to the specific needs of different regions and enhance public health awareness.

Motor Imagery Assesment Methods: A Narrative Review

Motor imagery is the mental rehearsal of movements without revealing any movement. It is a complex phenomenon that is difficult to study, understand and explain since it requires mental planning and preparing. It is particularly challenging to evaluate to what extent movements are mentally represented. However, not everyone experiences the same level of vividness and intensity in their vision. The study procedure in this area is complicated by the fact that there are variations in people's imagery styles. Although exercises that involve motor imagery have been found to be successful in physiotherapy, there is a crucial link between imagery skill and the effectiveness of the practice. This review's objective is to provide information on the tests used in physiotherapy clinics to assess a patient's capacity to use motor imagery.

The pandemic body: the lived body during the COVID-19 pandemic

In this study, we conduct a detailed analysis of qualitative survey data focusing on adult populations in the UK, Japan and Mexico to address the following question: How has the...

Antipsychotic drug prescribing and mortality in people with dementia before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective cohort study in Wales, UK

Concerns have been raised that antipsychotic drug prescribing, which has been associated with increased mortality in people with dementia, might have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic due to social restrictions imposed to limit the spread of SARS-CoV-2. We used multisource, routinely collected health-care data from Wales, UK to investigate prescribing and mortality variations in people with dementia before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this retrospective cohort study, we used individual-level, anonymised, population-scale linked health data to identify adults aged 60 years and older with a diagnosis of dementia in Wales, UK. We used the CVD-COVID-UK initiative to access Welsh routinely collected electronic health record data from the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) Databank. Patients who were alive and registered with a SAIL general practice on Jan 1, 2016, and who received a dementia diagnosis before the age of 60 years and before or during the study period were included. We explored antipsychotic drug prescribing rate changes over 67 months, between Jan 1, 2016, and Aug 1, 2021, overall and stratified by age and dementia subtype. We used time-series analyses to examine all-cause and myocardial infarction and stroke mortality over the study period and identified the leading causes of death in people with dementia between Jan 1, 2020, and Aug 1, 2021. Of 3 106 690 participants in SAIL between Jan 1, 2016 and Aug 1, 2021, 57 396 people (35 148 [61·2%] women and 22 248 [38·8%] men) met inclusion criteria for this study and contributed 101 428 person-years of follow-up. Of the 57 396 people with dementia, 11 929 (20·8%) were prescribed an antipsychotic drug at any point during follow-up. Accounting for seasonality, antipsychotic drug prescribing increased during the second half of 2019 and throughout 2020. However, the absolute difference in prescribing rates was small, ranging from 1253 prescriptions per 10 000 person-months in March, 2019, to 1305 per 10 000 person-months in September, 2020. All-cause mortality and stroke mortality increased throughout 2020, while myocardial infarction mortality declined. From Jan 1, 2020, to Aug 1, 2021, 1286 (17·1%) of 7508 participants who died had COVID-19 recorded as the underlying cause of death. During the COVID-19 pandemic, antipsychotic drug prescribing in people with dementia in the UK increased slightly; however, it is unlikely that this was solely related to the pandemic and this increase was unlikely to be a major factor in the substantial increase in mortality during 2020. The long-term increase in antipsychotic drug prescribing in younger people and in those with Alzheimer's disease warrants further investigation using resources with access to more granular clinical data. Although deprescribing antipsychotic medications remains an essential aspect of dementia care, the results of this study suggest that changes in prescribing and deprescribing practices as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic are not required. British Heart Foundation (via the British Heart Foundation Data Science Centre led by Health Data Research UK), and the Scottish Neurological Research Fund.

Racial-ethnic Differences in Anticipatory Stress about COVID-19 Mortality: An Evaluation of Multiple Mechanisms

The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected the health of people of color in the United States. In this study, we use national survey data ( n = 1,844) to examine racial-ethnic variation in people’s worries about COVID-19 mortality and the mechanisms that underlie these differences. Consistent with stress theory, we find that Black and Latinx respondents are more likely than Whites to worry about the possibility that they, a romantic partner, or a child will die from the virus. Black and Latinx respondents are also more likely to report prior COVID-19 infection, to know someone who has tested positive for the virus, to work in essential jobs, to live in more densely populated counties with higher infection rates, and to contend with more same-race COVID-19 infections at the national level. Across these different layers of social context, however, only prior COVID infection and knowing someone who has tested positive for the virus are linked to greater worry about COVID-related mortality. Mediation analyses indicate the greater prevalence of prior infection among Black and Latinx respondents explains little of the gap in anticipatory stress, whereas approximately one-fifth of the Black-White and Latinx-White discrepancy in worries about COVID-19 mortality are attributable to the greater social connectivity of Black and Latinx respondents to family and friends who have been affected by the virus. We outline the implications of these findings for future scholarship.

Epstein-Barr virus variation in people living with human immunodeficiency virus in southeastern China

BackgroundPatients infected with HIV are at high risk of developing Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-related diseases. The genotype and viral biological behavior of EBV infection in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) in China remain unclear. This study analyzed the characteristics of EBV in patients infected with HIV in southeastern China.MethodsA total of 162 HIV-infected patients and 52 patients without HIV were enrolled in this study. EBV viral load in blood was determined by fluorescence quantitative PCR. EBV typing was performed using saliva according to polymorphisms in the EBNA3C region. EBV LMP-1 carboxy terminus (C-ter) was sequenced, and compared with the epidemic strains in the world.ResultsAmong HIV infected patients, the EBV strain variant was mainly EBV-1, while EBV-2 had a higher viral load than EBV-1 (P = 0.001) and EBV-1/2 (P = 0.002). HIV infected patients had higher active virus replication. The EBV LMP-1 variants were mainly the China1 variant. HIV-infected patients had different nucleic acid positions of 30-bp deletion (del30) and had a higher incidence of high 33-bp tandem repeats (rep33) copies than non-HIV-infected patients. There was a difference in the mutations of EBV LMP-1 C-ter del30 and ins15 between HIV infected patients and the control group (P < 0.001).ConclusionIn southeastern China, EBV in HIV-infected patients had higher active virus replication; EBV infection was mainly EBV-1, and EBV-2 infection has higher EBV virus load; hotspot mutations of LMP-1 C-ter were different between HIV-infected patients and non-HIV-infected patients.Trial registration: This study was approved by the ethics committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Approval No. 2018764), and registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry on 3 June 2019 (ChiCTR, ChiCTR1900023600, http://www.chictr.org.cn/usercenter.aspx).

Spatiotemporal variations in ambulance demand: towards equitable emergency services in Sweden

ABSTRACT This study investigates the spatiotemporal variations in ambulance demand in southern Sweden, and how land use factors and sociodemographic factors are associated with variations in demand. A standardized ambulance demand ratio (SADR) indicating whether the risk of requiring an ambulance exceeded the expected was calculated using ambulance dispatch data in southern Sweden in 2018. Spatial analysis using a geographic information system (GIS) and spatial statistical methods underlie the methodology. Findings show that although rural areas are associated with a higher risk of requiring an ambulance (especially in daytime), this risk may be obscured by the more numerous dispatches occurring in urban areas. The increased risk in areas with bars and nightclubs, schools, industrial areas or road crossings reflects temporal variations in people’s routine activities. By dictating how and when population’s reshuffle, land use factors can help explain variations in risk for requiring an ambulance. Confirming previous research, areas with a higher share of older adults are associated with a higher ambulance demand while areas with a high median income are associated with lower demand. Population size may be an inadequate indicator of ambulance demand. Planning should account for daily changes in population sizes and compositions as this impacts ambulance demand.

Sociodemographic, environmental and biological factors affecting uses of plants from open ecosystems: Insights for improved livelihoods and biodiversity conservation

The sustainable management of open ecosystems requires the committed participation of the neighboring people. Attention should be given to plant species ecology, which conditions the rate of vegetation growth. Sociocultural and ecological factors contribute to both the loss and the conservation of fragile ecosystems. Owing to the importance of traditional medicine in Benin, a focus has been made on the selection of species in this field as a case study for highlighting the factors that drive the selection of plant species in Benin. Further inferences highlight the conservation status of the selected woodlands and savannas. The study assessed the effects of people’s sociodemographic status and species’ ecological parameters on the variation in people’s knowledge associated with species’ usefulness in traditional medicine in Benin. An ethnobotanical survey was conducted through semi-structured individual interviews with 590 specialists in traditional medicine. A conditional inference tree model was combined with a generalized linear model to determine the factors associated with traditional medicinal knowledge (TMK). It was found that TMK varied with informant ethnicity, source of knowledge, membership position, age, instruction level, and professional activity. As for the ecological and species accessibility factors, phytodistrict, mode of reproduction of the species, reasons for the species’ disappearance, availability, and conservation status influenced TMK. When combining the two categories of factors, phytodistrict, habitat of species conservation, source of knowledge, and membership position of the informants were highlighted as the principal factors that influenced TMK. These identified factors should be integrated into a comprehensive management plan for TMK conservation and biodiversity management, and the sustainable use of savanna resources. Through this, sustainable management of open ecosystems, resulting in biodiversity conservation, livelihood improvement, and climate change mitigation, will be achieved. Such a plan should be based on the mix of ethnicities and the diversity of the species’ habitat in each phytodistrict.

Influence of motivational factors on knowledge sharing methods and knowledge creation process in an emerging economic context

The present study aims to extend our understanding of motivational factors that improve the knowledge sharing intention of employees thereby can lead to creating knowledge successfully. Specifically, we aim to extend previous knowledge management research to contribute to both knowledge sharing theory and knowledge creation process with consideration of motivational factors including socialization, externalization, combination and internalization. This study has used quantitative research methodology wherein the data have been collected from 405 students from various universities in Iran using a survey questionnaire. Structural equation modelling has been applied to test the hypotheses of the study. The findings of the study reveal that motivational factors positively influence knowledge sharing and knowledge creation. Results reveal that motivational factors tend to increase the usage of knowledge sharing methods, and consequently, they impact on the creation process of knowledge. Further, motivational factors act as a mediator between knowledge sharing and knowledge creation. This study has limitations that present opportunities for future research. First, the research context covered people from universities only, which limits the generalizability of findings. Second, we did not consider regional cultural differences, which could cause variations in people’ knowledge sharing intention. Future studies can build upon the research models to understand the influence of the cultural factors on other type of organisations. This research contributes to both knowledge sharing theory and knowledge creation process with consideration of motivational factors including socialization, externalization, combination and internalization. Thus, the study provides directions to managers to focus on cognitive social aspects (i.e., motivational factors) to encourage the people to share and create knowledge. To the best of authors’ knowledge, this study is an early study conducted to examine the influence of motivational factors on knowledge sharing and knowledge creation. This research provides valuable information and guidelines that will be helpful for the managers to consider the important issues during knowledge creation establishment in the universities and organizations which are directly involved with creating knowledge.