In this work, we study the optimal investment and premium control problem with the short-selling constraint under the mean-variance criterion. The claim process is assumed to follow the non-homogeneous compound Poisson process. The insurer invests the surplus in one risk-free asset and one risky asset described by the Heston model. Under these, we consider an optimization objective that maximizes the return (the expectation of terminal wealth) and minimizes the risk (the variance of terminal wealth). By constructing the extended Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJB) system with the dynamic programming method, the time-consistent strategies and the corresponding value function are obtained. Furthermore, we provide numerical examples to illustrate the effects of the model parameters on the optimal policies.