Parity Variables Research Articles

Digital documentation of treatment data and their relation to breed and performance parameters of sows

Abstract. The emerging risk of resistance to antimicrobials has brought about the need to document animal production in the European Union. The required documentation of treatment data on-farm may withhold viable information, which can be analysed if made accessible in a digital format. The aim of the study was to use a digital system for the documentation of treatments and to investigate relationships between treatments, performance parameters and breeds. Data were collected between August 2020 and September 2022 on a combined pig farm in northern Germany. A digital tool was used to obtain data on treatments, while sows' performance information and breed data were drawn from the sow planner of the farm. Treatment indices were generated for the sows (TIS, treatment index sow) and the sows' litters (treatment index litter, TIL). During the time of data collection, 17 % (n = 113) of the farrowing events (n = 661) took place with farrowing-related treatments (FRTs), and 43.5 % (n = 94) of the sows had to receive FRT at least once. Linear mixed models were used to investigate the dependent variables TIS, TIL and FRT and the performance parameters piglets born alive, stillborn piglets and weaned piglets. The explanatory variables parity, season, year, the interaction of season and year, and the breed of the sow (crossbred Large White × Landrace and purebred Large White), as well as the random effect of the sow nested in the breed of the sow, were included in the models for all dependent variables. Additionally, the breed of the boar (Duroc, Pietrain), TIS, TIL and FRT were investigated in the models of the performance parameters. The following effects were all significant (p<0.05). Parity had an effect on TIS, piglets born alive and stillborn piglets. Sows with parity of 1 had the highest least-squares mean (LSM) = 0.42 (standard error (SE) = 0.04) for TIS, which decreased over parities of 2–3, 4–5 and 6–7 (LSM = 0.16, SE = 0.04) and increased for parity of ≥8 (LSM = 0.34, SE = 0.05). While sows with parity of 1 produced the lowest numbers and sows with parities of 4–5 the highest numbers of piglets born alive, the number of stillborn piglets increased with parity number, with the lowest numbers for parity of 1 and the highest numbers for parity of ≥8. Overall, the performance of the farm improved in the second year of data collection with less FRT, more weaned piglets and fewer stillborn piglets. Crossbred sows produced more piglets born alive and weaned piglets but also more stillborn piglets. The use of Pietrain boars led to more piglets being born alive. FRT and high treatment indices of the sow related with an increase in stillborn piglets and high treatment indices of the sow resulted in fewer piglets born alive. In conclusion, digitalized treatment data allow for analyses of the herd's health status, and relations between production performance and treatments can be investigated.

Comparison of Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture Incidence among Parous and Nulliparous Rottweiler Bitches: Evidence from a Lifetime Cohort Study Supporting a Paradigm of Pregnancy-Associated Protection against Subsequent Non-Reproductive Disease Outcomes.

Emerging evidence in women supports the notion that pregnancy may reset disease resistance, thereby providing protection against subsequent adverse health outcomes, but this hypothesis has not been adequately explored in domestic dogs. Cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) rupture is a degenerative orthopedic disease that frequently affects pet dogs, and its risk has been associated with disruption of the reproductive hormone axis. Our research team is conducting a lifetime cohort study of purebred Rottweilers in North America that have lived 30% longer than breed-average. Detailed medical and reproductive histories of 33 nulliparous and 32 parous Rottweilers were generated from questionnaires and review of medical records. Interviews with owners of bitches in the nulliparous group served to limit selection bias, confirming that in no instance was the reason for nulliparity based upon the owner's suspicion that a bitch had a heightened risk for CCL rupture. The risk of CCL rupture associated with parity and other exposure variables was estimated using multivariate logistic regression. Overall, CCL rupture was diagnosed in 17 of 65 (26%) bitches. Median age at first litter and CCL rupture were 3.6 and 6.5 years, respectively. Compared to nulliparous, parous bitches had a significant 94% reduction in CCL rupture risk adjusted for duration of ovary exposure, overweight body condition, dietary pattern, habitual physical activity, and work/sport activity [ORadjusted (95% CI) = 0.06 (0.01-0.46); (p = 0.006)]. The observed parity-associated CCL rupture risk reduction remained robust in sensitivity analysis excluding six nulliparous bitches for which decision not to breed was based on diagnosis of hip or elbow dysplasia, conditions which may be genetically linked to CCL rupture [ORadjusted (95% CI) = 0.08 (0.01-0.58); (p = 0.01)]. This work sets the stage for replication studies in other canine populations that should begin to explore the mechanistic basis for parity-associated CCL rupture risk reduction and to pursue other non-reproductive health outcomes in bitches whose incidence or severity may be parity-sensitive.

Upaya Edukasi Ibu Hamil Dalam Mengenali Kurang Energi Kronis (KEK) Melalui Faktor Risiko

Chronic Energy Deficiency is a condition of a person's nutritional status which is caused because the source of intake they receive does not meet their daily and sustainable needs. The nutritional needs of pregnant women have increased and if this is not met in the short and long term it can result in chronic energy deficiency. The aim of this research is to determine the mother's level of knowledge in detecting CED. Based on the results of the Chi Square test, it was found that the value of p = 0.000 < α (0.05) for the variables of pregnancy distance and income showed that there was a significant relationship that influenced the incidence of chronic energy deficiency (CED) in pregnant women, while the variables of parity, education and employment showed that there was none. significant relationship that influences the incidence of chronic energy deficiency (CED) in pregnant women. The results of the activity showed that the activity to increase knowledge of pregnant women in detecting chronic energy deficiency (KEK) through risk factors in the Saigon City Health Center area, Pontianak City, ran smoothly. There was an increase in knowledge of pregnant women between before and after being given counseling by 20 points.

Determinants of Mortality in Primigravida in Peoples Medical College Nawabshah.

Objective: To determine the determinants of maternal mortality in primigravida. Methodology: This cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted from June 2023 to Dec 2023 at the department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of Peoples University of Medical & Health Sciences for women, Nawabshah; a tertiary care center. We studied overall causes of death (direct and indirect) during pregnancy, delivery, and puerperium. Those patients who died after admission were included and analyzed on specially designed proforma. Information collected from hospital records/patient attendants. The reason for admission, status at arrival, cause of death, and potential variables answerable for death were recognized. Data including age, booking status, parity, gestational age, and relevant variables from the current pregnancy, along with the traveling distance from the clinic, was recorded on Performa, and analyses were done on SPSS adaptation 25. Results: During study period 43 maternal deaths occurred in their first pregnancy. The live birth rate was 10020. MMR counted to 429 per lac live birth. Most frequent death occurs at 19 years of age, from the rural population (62%), the majority un-booked (72%), history of domestic violence (48%) was not uncommon. Among these primigravida; 60% having no formal education, 65% were referral cases presented with obstetrical complication and in labor (34.9%). Almost all deaths were due to direct causes (99%). The highest contribution was by hemorrhage 39.5% (PPH=27.9%+ APH 11.6%), followed by sepsis (27.9%), pre-eclampsia/ eclampsia (18.6%), pulmonary embolism (7%), while 4.7% deaths due to unsafe abortion in early pregnancy complications. We found only 2.3% of deaths due to indirect causes. CONCLUSION: It is crucial to highlight that tackling maternal mortality requires a comprehensive strategy, which encompasses enhancing healthcare infrastructure, guaranteeing access to high-quality prenatal and obstetric care, advocating for education and awareness, and tackling social determinants of health. Recognizing and dealing with these factors can help decrease maternal mortality rates for all expectant mothers, including primigravidae. Key words: Primigravida, Maternal Mortality Rate, antenatal care, Obstetric emergency.

Hubungan Karakteristik Terhadap Sikap Mengkonsumsi Tablet Fe Dengan Kejadian Anemia Pada Ibu Hamil Di Puskesmas Tanjung Tiram Kabupaten Batu Bara Provinsi Sumatera Utara Tahun 2022

Anemia is a condition where the body has too few red blood cells (erythrocytes), where the red blood cells contain hemoglobin which functions to carry oxygen to all body tissues (Nugroho, 2014). During pregnancy there is an increase in blood volume or also called as (hypervolemia). In pregnant women, anemia increases the frequency of complications in pregnancy and childbirth. During pregnancy, if anemia cannot be treated until the end of pregnancy, it will affect the postpartum period. The current government program to prevent anemia is to give pregnant women a minimum of 90 iron tablets during pregnancy containing 320 mg FeSO4 (60 mg iron and 0.25 mg folic acid). This program aims to prevent and overcome the incidence of anemia in pregnant women. This type of research is analytical research with a cross sectional design, namely the researcher takes samples from a population using a questionnaire as a data collection tool where the sample size is 46 pregnant women. From the results of the cross tabulation, it shows that the parity variable on the incidence of anemia in pregnant women obtained statistical test results with a p value = 0.005, meaning that there is a significant relationship between parity and the incidence of anemia in pregnant women at the Tiram Community Health Center, Tiram District, Batu Bara Regency, North Sumatra Province. 2022. Based on the research results of the knowledge variable on the incidence of anemia in pregnant women, statistical test results were obtained with a value of p value = 0.000, meaning that there is a significant relationship between knowledge and the incidence of anemia in pregnant women in the Tiram District Health Center, Tiram District, Batu Bara Regency, North Sumatra Province. 2022. Based on the research results of the variable compliance with the consumption of Fe tablets on the incidence of anemia in pregnant women, statistical test results were obtained with a p value = 0.007, meaning that there was a significant relationship between compliance with the consumption of Fe tablets and the incidence of anemia in pregnant women in the Tiram Village Community Health Center, Tiram District, Batu Bara Regency. North Sumatra Province in 2022 Conclusion: From a total of 46 respondents as a result of research on the variables of parity, knowledge and compliance, there is a significant relationship to the incidence of anemia in pregnant women in the Tiram Village Community Health Center, Tiram District, Batu Bara Regency, North Sumatra Province in 2022.

Characteristics Associated with Trial of Labor among Patients with Twin Pregnancies.

This study aimed to identify patient and provider factors associated with undergoing trial of labor (TOL) among eligible patients with twin gestations. This retrospective cohort study of patients with twin gestations who received care at a large tertiary care center from 2000 to 2016 included individuals with live pregnancies greater than 23 weeks of gestation and cephalic-presenting twin. Patients with a prior uterine scar or contraindication to vaginal delivery were excluded from analyses. Maternal and clinical characteristics were compared among patients who did and did not undergo TOL. Multivariable logistic regression models included characteristics chosen a priori and those with bivariable associations with p < 0.1. Interactions between parity and other significant variables in the primary models were also investigated. Among 1,888 eligible patients, 80.7% (N = 1,524) underwent TOL. Those undergoing TOL were more likely to be younger, multiparous, and have a maternal-fetal medicine physician as the delivering provider (p < 0.01). Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were less prevalent among patients undergoing TOL (20.2 vs. 27.8%, p < 0.01). In multivariable analysis, advanced maternal age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.55, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.40-0.74) and nulliparity (aOR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.25-0.52) conferred a lower odds of TOL, while having a maternal-fetal medicine provider (aOR: 2.74, 95% CI: 1.55-4.83) was associated with higher odds. Interaction analyses demonstrated no significant interaction effects between parity and other characteristics. Among those undergoing a TOL, 76.0% (1,158/1,524) had a successful vaginal delivery of both twins, with 48.1% (557/1,158) having breech extraction of the second twin. In this cohort of twin gestations with a high frequency of TOL, patient and provider characteristics are associated with attempting vaginal delivery. Variation in provider practices suggests differing skills and comfort with twin vaginal delivery may influence route of delivery decision-making in patients with twins. · Most patients with twin pregnancies undergoing TOL had successful vaginal deliveries.. · Having an MFM delivering provider was associated with higher odds of attempting twin TOL.. · Nulliparity and advanced maternal age were associated with lower odds of twin TOL..

ANALYSIS OF SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS AND EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING SUCCESS IN KARANGANYAR DISTRICT

Breastfeeding is a crucial program with a significant impact on the health and nutrition of toddlers. Additionally, it also offers benefits for mothers. In 2018, the rate of exclusive breastfeeding in Central Java Province was 65.57%, while Karanganyar District stood at 62.3%. Various factors influence exclusive breastfeeding, including interpersonal relationships, mother and baby characteristics, environmental factors, support systems, institutional elements, and socioeconomic and cultural conditions. This study aimed to assess sociodemographic factors' influence on exclusive breastfeeding's success. It employed an analytic, cross-sectional approach and utilized purposive sampling, involving 55 mothers with infants aged 0-6 months who visited the Health Center for child immunization. The research instrument used was a closed questionnaire, and data analysis was conducted using logistic regression analysis with the SPSS version 16.0 program. The findings revealed that three of five sociodemographic variables—parity, education level, and maternal employment status—significantly affected exclusive breastfeeding. Sociodemographic factors influence exclusive breastfeeding success by 52.1%, indicating that 48.9% of other factors beyond the variables studied also play a role. These research results can inform the development of health education programs for pregnant women in their third trimester, focusing on exclusive breastfeeding in preparation for the breastfeeding period.

Grand Multiparity and Obstetric Outcomes in a Contemporary Cohort: The Role of Increasing Parity.

Evidence is inconsistent regarding grand multiparity and its association with adverse obstetric outcomes. Few large American cohorts of grand multiparas have been studied. We assessed if increasing parity among grand multiparas is associated with increased odds of adverse perinatal outcomes. Multicenter retrospective cohort of patients with parity ≥ 5 who delivered a singleton gestation in New York City from 2011 to 2019. Outcomes included postpartum hemorrhage, preterm delivery, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, shoulder dystocia, birth weight > 4,000 and <2,500 g, and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. Parity was analyzed continuously, and multivariate analysis determined if increasing parity and other obstetric variables were associated with each adverse outcome. There were 2,496 patients who met inclusion criteria. Increasing parity among grand multiparas was not associated with any of the prespecified adverse outcomes. Odds of postpartum hemorrhage increased with history (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.65, 95% confidence interval [1.83, 3.84]) and current cesarean delivery (aOR: 4.59 [3.40, 6.18]). Preterm delivery was associated with history (aOR: 12.36 [8.70-17.58]) and non-White race (aOR: 1.90 [1.27, 2.84]). Odds of shoulder dystocia increased with history (aOR: 5.89 [3.22, 10.79]) and birth weight > 4,000 g (aOR: 9.94 [6.32, 15.65]). Birth weight > 4,000 g was associated with maternal obesity (aOR: 2.92 [2.22, 3.84]). Birth weight < 2,500 g was associated with advanced maternal age (aOR: 1.69 [1.15, 2.48]), chronic hypertension (aOR: 2.45 [1.32, 4.53]), and non-White race (aOR: 2.47 [1.66, 3.68]). Odds of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy increased with advanced maternal age (aOR: 1.79 [1.25, 2.56]), history (aOR: 10.09 [6.77-15.04]), and non-White race (aOR: 2.79 [1.95, 4.00]). NICU admission was associated with advanced maternal age (aOR: 1.47 [1.06, 2.02]) and non-White race (aOR: 2.57 [1.84, 3.58]). Among grand multiparous patients, the risk factor for adverse maternal, obstetric, and neonatal outcomes appears to be occurrence of those adverse events in a prior pregnancy and not increasing parity itself. · Increasing parity is not associated with adverse obstetric outcomes among grand multiparas.. · Prior adverse pregnancy outcome is a risk factor for the outcome among grand multiparas.. · Advanced maternal age is associated with adverse obstetric outcomes among grand multiparas..

Marmet technique and oxytocin massage increase the smoothness of breastfeeding

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Background: &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Breast milk is the best baby food and every baby has the right to get breast milk. Based on data from the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2018, data on the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in several countries had not yet reached the target. Referring to the national target of 80%, in 2018 nationally the coverage of babies receiving exclusive breastfeeding is 68.74%. Meanwhile, in Bengkulu province, newborns who received exclusive breastfeeding were 65.46%. Based on the results of the 2018 Riskesdas, the proportion of breastfeeding patterns for infants aged 0-5 months in Indonesia is 37.3% exclusive breastfeeding.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Objectives&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the marmet technique and oxytocin massage on the smoothness breastfeeding .&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Methods&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;: This research used a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design, employing a two-group pretest-posttest design with a control group. The experimental group was administered the Marmet technique, while the control group received oxytocin massages for seven consecutive days. The sample for this study consisted of 60 first-day postpartum mothers, with 30 in the intervention group and 30 in the control group. The research was conducted at PMB Bengkulu City. The research instruments used observation sheets, and data analysis was tested using the t-test and processed using computerization. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Results:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; The statistical results obtained showed that there was a significant difference between the groups given the marmet technique and oxytocin massage regarding the smoothness of breast milk, where the marmet technique group had better improvement. There is a relationship between education and parity with breastfeeding fluency but there is no relationship between age and work with breastfeeding fluency. Intervention and parity variables are the most effective variables in increasing the smooth breastfeeding of postpartum mothers.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;There is an effect of the marmet technique and oxytocin massage on the smoothness of breast milk. It is expected that midwives can provide midwifery care for postpartum mothers by applying the marmet technique and oxytocin massage for the smooth production of breast milk and can be disseminated to the community&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Effect of Red Spinach Juice + Fe Tablets on Increased Hemoglobin Levels in Pregnant Women

Anemia during pregnancy is one of the most common abnormalities in pregnant women in Indonesia. The prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in Indonesia is 48.9%. The iron supplementation program is an effort that has been made by the Indonesian government to prevent anemia. To determine the effect of giving red spinach juice on increasing hemoglobin levels in third-trimester pregnant women. This type of research uses quantitative methods with quasi-experimental research with the two-group approach. The experimental group consumed red spinach juice + Fe tablets and the control group only drank Fe tablets. The results showed that there was an effect of giving red spinach juice + Fe tablets to increasing hemoglobin levels and there was a difference in increasing hemoglobin levels in the group given red spinach juice + Fe tablets and Fe tablets only. There is a relationship between parity and an increase in hemoglobin levels, but there is no relationship between age and education and an increase in hemoglobin levels. Intervention and parity variables were the most influential variables in increasing the hemoglobin level of pregnant women in PMB Bengkulu City. Results: There is an effect of giving red spinach juice + Fe tablets to the increase in hemoglobin levels of pregnant women.

Effectiveness of the Mini Note Use on Mother Pain Perception in Facing Labor Pain in South Tangerang Region Indonesia

Labor pain is a physiological process, but it can cause frustration and despair, so that some mothers worry that they will not be able to get through the labor process. Mini Note was designed as a mini guide book that help expectant mothers to understand pain during labor. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Mini Note use for management of labor pain against maternal pain perception in dealing with labor pain. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted from September to November 2022. Respondents were third trimester pregnant women with a total of 60 respondents which were divided into 2 groups namely intervention and control group and consisted of 30 participants in each group. The study compared mothers’ pain perception between the two groups before and after the intervention. A demographic questionnaire and the Visual Analog Scale were used to collect data. This study used cross-tabulation and chi-square to analyze demographic information. Independent samples t-test and multivariate linear regression were used to determine the relationship between the intervention carried out and mothers’ pain perception in facing labor pain, the relationship between parity and pain perception in the face of labor pain, the relationship between the weight of the fetus and pain perception in facing labor pain, as well as multivariate linear regression in order to analyze the most associated factors with labor pain. Results: The most influential factor on maternal pain perception in dealing with labor pain was the use of mini note, after being controlled with parity variables, baby's weight, mother's knowledge and age. Conclusion: The use of Mini Note was effective to increase maternal pain perception in dealing with labor pain.

Prevalence and risk factors of prenatal anxiety disorders: A cross-sectional study.

Studies regarding the risk factors of prenatal anxiety disorders are inconclusive and sometimes contradictory. The current study aimed to define the prevalence and risk factors for anxiety disorders in women during pregnancy. This is a cross-sectional and hospital-based survey of two public hospitals (Ayatollah Rohani and Yahyanejad) of inpatients/outpatients, obstetric wards/clinics, and four private outpatient obstetric clinics in the city of Babol. Convenience sampling was utilized to recruit 432 pregnant women. A trained clinical psychologist conducted the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5) to diagnose anxiety disorders. In addition, the Brief Symptom Inventory 18 (BSI-18) was completed by the participants to assess the severity of psychological distress. Of 432 pregnant women, 132 (30.5%) were diagnosed with anxiety disorders. Anxiety disorders included 61 cases of pregnancy adjustment disorder (47.7%), 52 cases of generalized anxiety disorder (40.6%), and 15 cases of specific phobia (to delivery) (11.7%). The logistic regression results showed that the age, pregnancy, education, parity, and high-risk pregnancy variables predicted 28% of the variance of anxiety disorders. Furthermore, as the age (β = 0.94, p = 0.003) and gestational age (β = 0.9, p < 0.001) increased, the probability of anxiety disorders in pregnancy decreased. Moreover, university education (β = 1.65, p = 0.049) and high-risk pregnancy (β = 1.72, p = 0.02) were recognized as risk factors for developing anxiety disorders during pregnancy. The high incidence of anxiety disorders in pregnant women suggests that obstetricians should pay more attention to identifying and treating anxiety disorders in all pregnant women, especially in high-risk pregnancies.

Effects of Using an Application for Postpartum Contraceptive Use in Family Planning Counseling During Pregnancy

A decision-making tool for family planning flipchart is used for contraceptive counseling, but the use of this flipchart is suboptimal. In this study, primary study resulted in innovative decision-making tools for family planning applications. “Si KB Pintar” was also developed, a tool that women can use to discuss contraceptives with their husbands after family planning counseling. This study analyzed the effectiveness of family planning counseling during pregnancy by applying postpartum contraceptive use. Analytical quantitative quasi-experimental methods were used with a control group design. The sampling method was two-stage sampling. In the first stage, from 22 primary health care (PHC) in Cirebon City, Indonesia, 11 intervention and 11 control groups were selected using random allocation. Five participants were taken from each PHC in the second stage using simple random sampling. The findings indicated that participants given family planning counseling using an application had a 2.4 times higher likelihood of using postpartum contraception compared to flipcharts after controlling for age and parity variables. Because these applications are only for Android users, applications should be produced that all users can utilize in further study.

Abstract 3021: Epigenetic signatures of virus-associated cervical cancer in women living with HIV

Abstract Background: Low- and middle-income countries are facing a high health burden of cervical cancer (CC). The situation is worsened by a high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We aim to identify epigenetic signatures to help understand the virus-associated pathways underlying CC development, which is fundamental to developing effective CC screening tools or therapeutic approaches for women living with HIV. Methods: We recruited a total of 365 Nigerian women with mean age of 52 (239 HIV+ and 126 HIV-; 98 without CC, 106 with cervical lesions, and 161 with CC). DNA methylation profiling in cervical tissue samples was performed using Illumina EPIC array covering over 860K methylation sites. The epigenetic signatures were identified among HIV+ women through epigenome-wide association study comparing CC vs. CC-free (Bonferroni adjusted p &amp;lt;0.05), which were further validated by comparing: 1) pairs of tumor and adjacent normal samples; and 2) pairs of cervical lesions and adjacent normal samples. The comparisons were adjusted for age, BMI, education, employment, parity, study site, and technical batch variables. We then compared the identified signatures between HIV+ and HIV- among CC women to delineate the role of HIV. We constructed a methylation risk score (MRS) using the signatures, and we performed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to evaluate the performance of distinguishing across cancer statuses (CC, cervical lesions, CC-free). Results: We identified 46 differentially methylated markers (p-value ranging from 5.7e-8 to 2.4e-19) in HIV+ CC women. The effect sizes among the 46 markers in the paired tumor-normal analysis and the paired lesion-normal analysis were highly correlated with the CC vs. CC-free analysis (r=0.99 and r=0.95, respectively) with smaller magnitudes (1.8 and 4.3 times smaller, respectively). Gene ontology and Reactome pathway enrichment analysis revealed that these 46 markers were enriched in genes involving activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling network (e.g., RPTOR, HDAC3, MAPKAP1), which plays a crucial role in virus/host crosstalk and virus-induced carcinogenesis. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling cascade suppressors, including gene PRDM8, were silenced by promoter hypermethylation among HIV+ CC women (p=4.3e-12). These epigenetic changes, however, were not observed in CC women without HIV. In an independent dataset, MRS was the lowest in women without CC (2.3±2.1), followed by women with cervical lesions (4.9±1.1), and the highest in CC women (9.6±3.9) (p-trend &amp;lt; 2e-16). The MRS achieved areas under the ROC curve = 0.93 and 0.88 in distinguishing CC and cervical lesions from CC-free among HIV+ women, respectively. Conclusion: HIV may communicate with cervical cells and promote CC through epigenetic activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Our epigenetic signatures may serve as novel biomarkers for CC early detection and treatment for women living with HIV. Citation Format: Yinan Zheng, Olugbenga Silas, Jonah Musa, Yishu Qu, Tao Gao, Kyeezu Kim, Brian Joyce, Jun Wang, Demirkan Gursel, Abdulkareem Fatimah, Godwin Imade, Alani Akanmu, Jian-Jun Wei, Masha Kocherginsky, Kwang-Youn Kim, Firas Wehbe, Chad Achenbach, Rose Anorlu, Melissa Simon, Atiene Sagay, Folasade Ogunsola, Robert Murphy, Lifang Hou. Epigenetic signatures of virus-associated cervical cancer in women living with HIV [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 3021.

Parity Quantum Optimization: Encoding Constraints

Constraints make hard optimization problems even harder to solve on quantum devices because they are implemented with large energy penalties and additional qubit overhead. The parity mapping, which has been introduced as an alternative to the spin encoding, translates the problem to a representation using only parity variables that encodes products of spin variables. In combining exchange interaction and single spin flip terms in the parity representation, constraints on sums and products of arbitrary k-body terms can be implemented without additional overhead in two-dimensional quantum systems.

High ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes and high triglyceride levels in serum as risk factors for pre-eclampsia

Background: Preeclampsia is still a concerning health problem in pregnancy which can get worse if it is supported by low patient compliance. Appropriate screening method modalities can help in predicting the possibility of worsening. Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and serum triglycerides could be used as blood parameters in preeclampsia conditions. This study determined the high Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and high triglyceride levels as risk factors for preeclampsia in pregnant women. Methods: A case-control study was conducted from January to June 2022 at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Polyclinic, Prof. dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital. This study involved pregnant women over 18 years of age with a gestational age of more than 20 weeks by consecutive purposive sampling. Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and serum triglycerides were obtained by tracing complete blood laboratory results in the medical record. Chi-square analysis was conducted and continued by logistic regression analysis with the p-value &lt;0.05 categorized as a significant result. Results: High NLR levels were at risk of experiencing preeclampsia 32.2 times higher than those with low NLR (95%CI 6.8 – 151; p=0.000). Patients with high triglyceride levels had a risk of experiencing preeclampsia 23.1 times higher than those with low triglycerides (95%CI 5.45 – 97.26; p=0.000). NLR, serum triglycerides, and maternal age were independent risk factors for preeclampsia after controlling for parity variables (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and high triglyceride levels are risk factors for preeclampsia.

Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Berat Bayi Lahir Rendah

Babies with low birth weight are 20 times more at risk of dying than babies who weigh more. The incidence of low birth weight is still high. From the many studies that have been conducted, it is known that nutritional status is one of the factors that can affect birth weight. This study aims to analyze the factors associated with infant birth weight. The research method used a cross-sectional design by linking the variables of age, parity, gestational age and complications with the incidence of low birth weight. Samples were taken using the Consecutive sampling technique. The number of samples obtained was 96 people. Data analysis was performed using the chi square test. The results of the study found that there was a relationship between maternal age and the incidence of low birth weight, p value 0.04 &lt;α (0.05) and age at risk 1,718 times more vulnerable to giving birth to low birth weight babies while the variables parity, gestational age and Complications are not related to Low Birth Weight.

Ultradiscrete hard-spring equation and its phase plane analysis

Ultradiscretization enables us to construct a piecewise linear equation which approximates a given subtraction-free difference equation. Recently proposed “ultradiscretization with parity variables” (pUD) can treat an equation with subtraction. However, its solution may have an infinite number of branches under some specific conditions. In this paper, solutions of pUD for the hard-spring equation is investigated. The pUD equation is reinterpreted as the mapping which maps a set on the phase plane to another one, and the behaviour of the solutions are analyzed through approximative transition diagrams.As a result, the infinite branches are translated into a few finite branches and allowed easier understanding.

Factors Affecting the Incidence of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in Pregnant Women

The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the incidence of chronic energy deficiency (CED) in pregnant women in the working area of the UPTD Puskesmas Kampung Bangka, Pontianak City. This type of research is cross sectional study design. with a purposive sampling approach. The results of this study show the results of the analysis of the relationship between parity, pregnancy distance, education, occupation and income that affect the incidence of chronic energy deficiency (CED) in pregnant women, namely parity of pregnant women with CED as many as 14 people (36.8%), distance 9 pregnant women with SEZ with high risk (56%), low education of pregnant women with SEZ as many as 10 people (45.5%), CED pregnant women with no work as many as 12 people (40%), and low income pregnant women with SEZ as many as 14 people (44%). Based on the results of the Chi Square test, the value of p = 0.000 &lt; (0.05) on the variable distance between pregnancy and income shows a significant relationship that affects the incidence of chronic energy deficiency (CED) in pregnant women while the parity, education and occupation variables show no there is a significant relationship that affects the incidence of chronic energy deficiency (CED) in pregnant women. The distance between pregnancy and income shows a significant relationship that affects the incidence of chronic energy deficiency (CED) in pregnant women.

A Decision Tree Model to Determine Some Environmental Factors Affecting 305-Day Milk Yield in Simmental Cows

In this study, some environmental factors thought to be effective on 305-day milk yield in Simmental cows, were examined according to the decision tree method with regression tree algorithm. For this purpose, the effect levels of calving interval, somatic cell count, calving age, and parity variables on the 305-day milk yield of 148 Simental cows were determined. As a result of the decision tree application, the factors affecting 305-day milk yield were found as parity, calving age, somatic cell count, and calving interval, in order of importance. In addition, it was determined that the 305-day milk yield of the cows with the calving age above 5 was high, and the cows with the somatic cell count greater than 104.500 were found to be the lowest. There is a need to use the decision tree approach in order to examine the effects of other environmental factors that are thought to be effective on milk yield or other economic characteristics in dairy farming and to provide appropriate conditions by correcting the relevant factors accordingly.