Coping Variables Research Articles

Teachers’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal: the role of personal, professional and coping variables in inclusive practices

ABSTRACT In July 2018, Portugal implemented an educational framework focused on inclusion, prompting schools and teachers to rethink their education and student engagement approaches. Over time, schools adapted by transforming their perspectives on education, learning and student well-being. However, the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020 introduced significant personal, contextual and global challenges. School closures and enforced confinement necessitated new educational practices, intensifying inclusion challenges. This study examines how personal variables and teachers’ experiences during the second lockdown affected the perception of the adoption of inclusive practices. Data was collected online using self-report questionnaires, with 137 teachers from Portuguese public and private schools participating voluntarily and anonymously. The study employed descriptive and multiple linear regression analyses, alongside univariate analyses of variance, to assess how confinement impacted teachers’ perceptions of inclusive practices. The findings indicate that factors such as teaching experience, gender and experiences during the second lockdown significantly influenced the perception of the adoption of inclusive practices. These results underscore the importance of considering proximal contexts during crises to enhance the adoption of inclusive practices.

Impact of investment climate on foreign direct investment in Nigeria, Ghana, Kenya and South Africa,

The study examined the Impact of Investment Climate on Foreign Direct Investment in Nigeria, Ghana, Kenya and South Africa, for the period of 2000 to 2021. The focus of this study is on how the business environment in Nigeria, Ghana, Kenya and South Africa influences foreign direct investment. Specific goals are as follows: (i). Evaluate critically the effect of the economic investment climate in Nigeria, Ghana, Kenya and South Africa on the inflow of FDI The variable scope include economic investment climate (ease of doing business index, gross domestic product, inflation rate), political investment climate (political stability index, corruption perception index, quality of institutions), environmental investment climate (nitrous-oxide emission, population density, land/air pollution rate) as the independent variable. The dependent variable was foreign direct investment inflows. Time series analysis, and more specifically the multiple panel regression analysis method, was used in analyzing the data adopting the Cobb Douglass model for its theoretical framework and data was sourced from the Statistical Bulletin of the countries studied and the World Bank Statistics.\The results show that, Economic investment climate variable (GDP) had significant positive effect on the inflow of foreign direct investment into Nigeria, Ghana, Kenya and South Africa. While inflation have positive insignificant relationship with FDI; It was recommended that; Efforts should be made by the governments of Nigeria, Ghana, Kenya and South Africa to enhance their economic fortunes by strengthening their economy through engaging in massive production for exports which will boost economic growth and as well attract more foreign direct investment

Quality of Life and Coping Strategies in Children with and Without Learning Disabilities from the Perspective of Their Parents and Caregivers.

Children with learning disability (LD) often experience a poor quality of life (QOL) compared to their peers without a known history of LD. Coping strategies are known to play a role in influencing their QOL. This study aims to compare the QOL and coping strategies between children with and without LD. Additionally, it seeks to evaluate how coping strategies impact the QOL of children with LD in the Eastern Governorate of Saudi Arabia. A representative sample of 6 to 18-year-old children with (n = 97) and without (n = 89) LD were recruited from different schools. The Short Form-12 (SF-12) health survey was used to assess both physical and mental health components, while the validated Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory (Brief-COPE) measured coping strategies. Data analysis included descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, percentage), independent t-tests, Spearman's correlation, and binary logistic regression. The results reveal that participants with LD show poor QOL in terms of role functioning, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role emotion, and mental health in comparison to non-disabled children. Participants with LD show greater reliance on substance abuse and religious coping than non-disabled children. The results clearly indicate a fairly to moderately strong correlation between the physical component summary and all approaches to coping strategies except religious coping. Of all the approaches to coping methods, we observe a weak correlation among denial (r = -0.17, p < 0.05), substance abuse (r = -0.15, p < 0.05), and behavioral disengagement (r = -0.18, p < 0.05) with the mental component summary aspect of QOL. The results of logistic regression analysis indicate that grade (OR = 3.79; p = 0.01) is significantly related to LD. The physical component summary score is significantly associated with denial (β = -0.33, CI = -6.87--2.19, p < 0.01), and substance abuse (β = -0.14, CI = -4.96-0.40, p < 0.05), while the mental component summary is significantly associated with active coping (β = -0.30, CI = -4.50-0.76, p < 0.01), behavioral disengagement (β = -0.20, CI = -4.48-0.30, p < 0.05), and humor coping strategy (β = 0.22, CI = 0.06-4.55, p < 0.05). These findings are relevant to researchers, psychologists, special educators, teachers, and clinicians, given the need to understand the coping variables to improve the QOL of these learning-disabled children.

Pengaruh Financial Teknologi, Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Modal Sosial Terhadap Kinerja UMKM di Sentral Grosir Cikarang (SGC)

The study aimed to analyse the impact of financial technology, financial management, and social capital on SME performance. Several factors influence SME performance, including internal funding and external factors. Issues to address include underutilisation of financial technology, ineffective financial management, and lack of utilisation of social capital. This quantitative study collected data via a questionnaire from 60 SME operators using purposive sampling. Data analysis employed multiple linear regression assisted by SPSS. Findings revealed that financial technology, financial management, and social capital positively influence SME performance. This is due to the effective utilisation of technological advancements in business operations significantly enhancing SME performance. Improved financial management enables SMEs to seek funds selectively and use them efficiently. Similarly, building social capital facilitates SME operators' adaptation to their business environment, thereby enhancing SME performance. Recommendations for future research include expanding the scope of study variables, and SMEs should maintain and enhance the factors of financial technology, financial management, and social capital influencing SME performance. With financial technology, SMEs can access financial services more easily, utilise financial management for better record-keeping and calculation, and build social capital to develop their businesses.

Mediation of Organizational Commitment: The Relationship Between Employee Empowerment and Employee Performance

This study aims to analyze the effect of employee empowerment on employee productivity by considering the mediating role of organizational commitment. Employee empowerment is widely acknowledged as a crucial approach that enhances employee motivation, engagement, and performance. In addition, organizational commitment also contributes significantly to enhanced efficiency. This research was conducted at Fitness Plus Denpasar City using quantitative methods and involving 60 respondents through the census technique. Data was gathered through a survey and evaluated using the PLS technique. The results showed that employee empowerment has a notable and beneficial impact on the dedication and productivity of employees. However, organizational commitment has no significant effect on employee performance and does not act as a go-between when it comes to the correlation between empowering workers and their productivity. These results indicate that employee performance improvement occurs directly through employee empowerment without the mediating role of organizational commitment. This research provides important implications for organizational management to focus more on employee empowerment strategies to improve performance without relying too much on organizational commitment as a mediating factor. Future research is recommended to expand the scope of variables and use a longitudinal approach to dig deeper into the long-term effects of employee empowerment.

The Effect of Wadiah Savings and Problem Financing (NPF) in the 'Precise Sharia Financing' Product on the Profitability Level of PT. Bank BTPN Syariah Tbk for the Period 2015 - 2023

This study aims to empirically examine the effect of wadi'ah savings and non-performing financing (NPF) on profitability (ROA) in the Precise Syariah Financing product at PT Bank BTPN Syariah during the period 2015 - 2023. Using an associative quantitative approach. The study conducted by researchers using secondary data derived from BTPN Syariah quarterly financial statements for the period 2015 - 2023. The data analysis technique used multiple linear regression analysis through Eviews 12 as a data processing tool. The study results showed that an increase in wadi'ah savings significantly positively contributed to an increase in ROA, while an increase in NPF had a significant negative effect. The regression model developed was able to explain 71.15% of ROA variability. This finding explains that an increase in wadi'ah savings tends to increase profitability, while an increase in NPF tends to decrease the level of profitability of BTPN Syariah. The implication is that banking management needs to focus on managing the increase in wadi'ah savings and improving the quality of financing to increase profitability. This study provides important insights for Islamic banking management in optimizing financial performance, especially in the context of the Tepat Pembiayaan Syariah product and contributes to the literature on factors affecting the profitability of Islamic banks in Indonesia. This study contributes to the Islamic banking literature, but has limitations in terms of the research period and variables used. Future research is expected to expand the scope of variables and periods in the study to obtain generalized results.

Pleasure-inclusive sex education, sexual agency and sexual wellbeing in youth: A scoping review

Abstract Background A recent review study showed that pleasure-inclusive sex education can contribute to reducing sexual health risks such as unwanted pregnancy and STIs (Zaneva et al., 2022). Pleasure-inclusive sex education could also contribute to other measures of sexual wellbeing. In this study, we review the literature on associations between pleasure-incorporating sex education and sexual agency (including related concepts such as autonomy) and sexual wellbeing (part 1), and between sexual agency and sexual wellbeing (part 2). Methods We searched in 5 scientific databases using a wide scope of variables related to pleasure inclusive sex education, sexual agency, and various outcomes of sexual wellbeing, focusing on the last 2 decades. Forty-six articles were selected. Results In part 1 of the review we found that all studies reported associations between pleasure-based sex education and sexual agency or sexual wellbeing, but the literature is characterized by limitations and did not permit conclusions about the role of an added benefit of the pleasure component. In part 2 of the review study, we found positive associations between sexual agency (and related variables) and sexual wellbeing (including decreased levels of (re-)victimization). Conclusions Sexual agency may be related to increased sexual wellbeing, but it is still largely unclear whether pleasure-inclusive sex education can significantly contribute to this. There is a great need for high quality research, using innovative evaluation designs, taking into account the role of other important sources of sex education and other contextual factors. Key messages • A lot of work has been done, but the evidence that pleasure in sex ed ‘works’ for sexual wellbeing, is limited and indirect. • Great need for high quality research using novel and more realistic evaluation approaches.

An ensemble machine learning approach for predicting heart failure risk in acute coronary syndrome patients: heartguardai

Abstract Background Heart failure (HF) constitutes a major post-event morbidity in patients experiencing Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), underscoring the imperative for precise risk stratification methodologies. Traditional prognostic models, although beneficial, are limited by their reliance on a narrow scope of variables, thereby overlooking the comprehensive analytical potential afforded by extensive clinical datasets. Aims To develop "HeartGuardAI," an ensemble machine learning model that predicts HF risk in ACS patients. By incorporating a wide array of variables including ejection fraction (EF), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), body mas index(BMI), male sex, this model seeks to offer a more practical tool for clinical decision-making. Methods We queried ACTION-ACS a large-scale multicenter database of 3335 patients at 10-year follow-up. We employed a feature selection process informed by Random Forest Classifier to identify the most predictive variables. An ensemble model combining the strengths of Random Forest and Gradient Boosting methodologies was then developed. The model's predictive performance was validated through Stratified K-Fold cross-validation, focusing on Area Under the Curve (AUC) and confidence intervals to assess its efficacy. The model's predictive performance was validated through Stratified K-Fold cross-validation, focusing on Area Under the Curve (AUC) and confidence intervals to assess its efficacy. Results Demonstrating a mean AUC of 0.76 ± 0.036, "HeartGuardAI" showed a high capability to predict HF risk in post-ACS patients and emphasizes the significance of incorporating multifactorial clinical assessments Conclusions HF risk can be predicted by a handy tool developed with advanced machine learning methods. Future studies are needed to prospectively validate this algorithm.Graphic 1Graphic 2

Beyond private-sphere pro-environmental action: Explaining shared mobility using the Theory of Planned Behavior and solidarity-oriented variables

Shared mobility behaviors can decrease the negative environmental effects of the transport sector, yet they have received limited attention. Models such as the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) have been widely used to explain primarily individual private-sphere pro-environmental behaviors (PEB). However, as shared mobility behaviors are not completely limited to the private sphere but require social cooperation, solidarity-focused variables that emphasize social interactions may meaningfully complement the TPB variables. In three university samples (Study 1: N=261, Study 2: N=1411; Study 3: N=544), we tested relationships between the TPB variables and shared mobility, and whether solidarity-oriented variables are relevant predictors of shared mobility beyond the TPB variables. The analyses confirmed attitude (β = 0.38 − 0.59, p < 0.001) and social norm (β = 0.17 − 0.43, p < 0.001) as predictors of shared mobility intention. Furthermore, the solidarity-oriented variables universalism (β = 0.09 − 0.18, p < 0.05) as well as specific collective efficacy (β = 0.08 − 0.10, p < 0.05) and opinion-based social identification (β = 0.18, p < 0.001) positively predicted shared mobility intention. Psychological variables showed no consistent connection to self-reported shared mobility behaviors in logistic regressions. We discuss the scope of solidarity-oriented variables that need social cooperation to complementarily explain PEB beyond the private sphere.

Enabling Precision Agriculture through a Web-Based Fertilization Management System for Nawungan Selopamioro Fruit Orchards

Precision Agriculture (PA) is an integrated farming system based on information and technology for managing agriculture to identify, analyze, and manage spatial and temporal diversity information in specific locations to obtain optimum and sustainable benefits while minimizing unwanted environmental impacts. Fertilization is one of the crucial phases in agricultural production process considering technical cultivation aspects, costs, and environmental impacts. The current fertilization process at Kebun Buah Nawungan Selopamioro (KBNS) is still conventional, so there is no standard rule in determining the fertilization dose. Therefore, a PA approach is needed to provide suitable fertilizer doses for agricultural production needs. This objective of this study was to develop of a web-based fertilizer management system, integrating with orchard management to enhance accessibility and decision-making. The system calculates fertilizer requirements by analyzing soil nutrient availability (N, P, K), cultivation area, crop type and age, and available fertilizer types. The development followed the waterfall methodology, encompassing stages from requirement analysis to system maintenance. The outcome is a web application that manages land assets, administrative activities, and fertilizer needs tailored to specific land blocks, crop characteristics, and nutrient inventories. Subsequent validation against field conditions ensures the accuracy of its recommendations. Although comprehensive testing confirmed a 100% success rate in functionality, the system currently operates within a limited scope of variables. Future enhancements are planned to incorporate broader agronomic factors, such as soil pH and texture, to augment the system's precision. Despite its limitations, this system represents a significant technological advance in precision agriculture, promising to improve fertilizer application efficiency and support sustainable farming practices.

Methodology used to develop the minimum common data elements for surveillance and Reporting of Musculoskeletal Injuries in the MILitary (ROMMIL) statement.

The objective was to summarize the methodology used to reach consensus for recommended minimum data elements that should be collected and reported when conducting injury surveillance research in military settings. This paper summarizes the methodology used to develop the international Minimum Data Elements for surveillance and Reporting of Musculoskeletal Injuries in the MILitary (ROMMIL) statement. A Delphi methodology was employed to reach consensus for minimum reporting elements. Preliminary steps included conducting a literature review and surveying a convenience sample of military stakeholders to 1) identify barriers and facilitators of military musculoskeletal injury (MSKI) prevention programs, 2) identify relevant knowledge/information gaps and 3) establish future research priorities. The team then led a sequential three-round Delphi consensus survey, including relevant stakeholders from militaries around the world, and then conducted asynchronous mixed knowledge user meeting to explore level of agreement among subject matter experts. Knowledge users, including former and current military service members, civil servant practitioners, and global-wide subject matter experts having experience with policy, execution, or clinical investigation of MSKI mitigation programs, MSKI diagnoses, and MSKI risk factors in military settings. For each round, participants scored each question on a Likert scale of 1-5. Scores ranged from No Importance (1) to Strong Importance (5). Literature review and surveys helped informed the scope of potential variables to vote on. Three rounds were necessary to reach minimum consensus. Ninety-five, 65 and 42 respondents participated in the first, second and third rounds of the Delphi consensus, respectively. Ultimately, consensus recommendations emerged consisting of one data principle and 33 minimum data elements. Achieving consensus across relevant stakeholders representing military organizations globally can be challenging. This paper details the methodology employed to reach consensus for a core minimum data elements checklist for conducting MSKI research in military settings and improve data harmonization and scalability efforts. These methods can be used as a resource to assist in future consensus endeavors of similar nature.

Strategic Dominance and Its Role in Reducing Consumer Arrogance (An Analytical Study of the Opinions of a Sample of Workers in Electronic Product Sales Centers in Najaf Governorate)

The current study explores the relationship between two main variables: strategic dominance in its dimensions (strategic rules, organizational power, strategic maneuvering, strategic sovereignty) and consumer arrogance in its dimensions (image-based consumption, consumer bragging, incentive-based purchases, consumer sense of superiority), through a survey of the opinions of a sample of workers in electronic product sales centers in Najaf Governorate. The researcher used the homogeneous intentional sample method. To achieve this goal, the questionnaire was used as a main tool to collect the required data. The questionnaire was distributed to (180) workers from the community under study. After reviewing it, the number of questionnaires valid for statistical analysis reached (172) questionnaires, out of the number of retrieved questionnaires, which amounted to (176) questionnaires. It was statistically analyzed using the programs (SPSS.28) and (AMOS.V.26), and the results showed the presence of a significant effect and correlation between strategic dominance in reducing consumer arrogance. The results reached by the current study are an attempt to reduce or bridge the knowledge gap between the study variables of strategic dominance and consumer arrogance. The study recommends that the administrations of electronic product sales centers in Najaf under study should adopt the components of strategic dominance and the new ideas it includes in the research and development department and encourage them, and enable workers to provide new ideas and involve them in the decision-making process, which contributes to reducing consumer arrogance. It also calls on researchers to conduct more future studies and research within the scope of the current study variables in the Iraqi organizational environment or environments in other countries.

Catalyst MSME Competitiveness: Bogor Regency Study

The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that affect MSMEs in Bogor Regency. Competitiveness factors are measured using product advantages, human resources, and product marketing through IT. The sample for this research includes the leading sectors of MSMEs in Bogor Regency, such as footwear, leather craft, and the food sector. The sampling method employs purposive sampling with a total of 100 respondents for the research. Data collection techniques include interviews, observations, and questionnaires. The data analysis method involves conducting instrument tests (validity test and reliability test) and data analysis techniques (multiple linear regression test, determination test, and t-test). A validity and reliability test is conducted with 30 respondents, all yielding valid and reliable results. The t-test results demonstrate that the independent variables, consisting of Quality Product, human resources, and IT marketing, have a significant positive effect on the competitiveness of MSMEs. In the F-test, a significance value smaller than 0.05 is obtained, proving that the independent variables collectively affect the dependent variable. The determination test reveals that Quality Product, human resources, and IT marketing collectively influence competitiveness by 56,7%, while the remaining variance is influenced by factors beyond the scope of this study's independent variables

Momentary autonomic engagement during parent-adolescent conflict: Coping as a moderator of associations with emotions.

Regulatory efforts are hypothesized to affect associations between emotions and physiology (i.e., concordance) to facilitate adaptive functioning. Assessing the role of coping on physiological-emotional concordance during ecologically relevant scenarios can elucidate whether concordance can serve as a biomarker of risk or resilience. The present study assessed self-reported coping as a moderator of minute-to-minute associations between autonomic nervous system activity and emotions (i.e., physiological-emotional concordance) in caregivers (N = 97) and adolescents (N = 97; ages 10-15) during a dyadic conflict task. Models included physiological variables (sympathetic, skin conductance level [SCL]; and parasympathetic, respiratory sinus arrhythmia [RSA]) and their interaction (SCL × RSA) as predictors of emotions, with coping variables as moderators. Caregivers' use of primary control coping (e.g., problem solving and emotional expression) and secondary control coping (e.g., cognitive reappraisal and acceptance) use in response to family stress predicted more positive emotional experiences during the laboratory conflict task. Adolescents' use of secondary control coping moderated the SCL-emotion association, such that increases in momentary SCL were associated with more positive emotion ratings for youth reporting higher secondary control coping. For youth who report more adaptive trait-level coping skills, momentary changes in SCL may reflect active engagement and attentiveness to facilitate more positive emotional experiences. Findings advance our understanding of the interrelationships between physiological responses and psychological experiences during relevant, interactive scenarios. Autonomic responses are differentially related to affective states depending on the coping strategies that adolescents employ, suggesting that concordance may be associated with intervention targets (i.e., coping skills).

Exploring the “inner compass”: How career strivings relate to career self‐management and career success

AbstractThis research investigates the relations between career strivings, career self‐management behaviors, and career success. Examining 312 German workers with two measurement waves, Study 1 reveals that career strivings significantly positively relate to engagement in various career behaviors, extending beyond the scope of established motivational variables. Specifically, we observed that self‐enhancement strivings correlate with self‐promotion activities, self‐transcendent strivings with helping behaviors, and personal growth strivings with continuous learning. In Study 2, incorporating three measurement waves and involving 299 German workers, examines how these career strivings differentially relate to objective career success and career satisfaction. Our findings indicate that self‐enhancement strivings are associated with higher leadership positions and workplace status, while self‐transcendent and personal growth strivings are linked to greater career satisfaction. Additionally, self‐enhancement strivings indirectly relate to career satisfaction through increased recognition. In contrast, self‐transcendent and personal growth strivings relate to satisfaction through experiences of meaningful work and personal development. This research underscores the significance of career strivings in influencing career self‐management behaviors and success, providing novel insights into the complex interplay between individual aspirations and professional outcomes.

Are there sociodemographic-specific associations of coping with heart disease and diabetes incidence?

Psychological factors, including psychological distress and well-being, have been associated with cardiometabolic disease risk. Here, we examined whether a psychological process, namely how individuals cope with stressors, relates to such risk, which has been understudied. During 2004-2006, 2,142 participants without heart disease and diabetes from the Midlife in the U.S. study completed a validated coping inventory assessing six strategies (positive reinterpretation and growth, active coping, planning, focus on and venting of emotion, denial, and behavioral disengagement) and relevant covariates. As a proxy for coping flexibility, participants were also classified as having lower, moderate, or greater variability in their use of these strategies. Heart disease and diabetes were documented in 2013-2015. Logistic regressions modeled adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of developing heart disease and diabetes, separately, with coping exposures. In sociodemographic-adjusted models, greater use of adaptive strategies predicted lower diabetes risk (e.g., positive reinterpretation and growth: AOR = 0.83; 95% CI [0.72, 0.96]); estimates were weaker for maladaptive strategies, and all strategies were unrelated to heart disease. All associations for coping variability were null. In secondary analyses, greater use of adaptive strategies predicted lower heart disease risk in more educated participants only (e.g., active coping: AOR = 0.71; 95% CI [0.55, 0.92]) and lower diabetes risk in females only (e.g., planning: AOR = 0.75; 95% CI [0.61, 0.91]). Results were maintained additionally adjusting for health, behavioral, and social factors. Findings suggest sex and education differences in coping's association with heart disease and diabetes. Future studies should recognize adaptive strategies may be more potent for health among certain populations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

STRESSORS AND COPING MEASURES AMONG UNDERGRADUATE NURSING STUDENTS IN WESTERN NIGERIA

Nursing students are frequently exposed to various stressors throughout their training; the resultant stress affects their personal, professional, and academic achievements and well-being directly or indirectly. This study aimed to identify the causes/sources of stress, the levels of stress, coping measures, and possible suggestions for reducing stress and its effects among nursing students. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used to assess stress and coping variables among undergraduate nursing students at a federal university in Western Nigeria. This study recruited 151 full-time undergraduate nursing students in their first to fifth study years using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and self-structured questions. The results were summarized using descriptive statistics of frequency, percentages, and mean ± SD. Academic, personal, financial, and relationship-related stressors were found to be the most common sources of stress. Most of nursing students experienced either low (47.7%) or severe (44.3%) stress levels and coped with it through positive thinking, optimism, sleep, and relaxation. Respondents suggested that more emphasis be placed on health promotion programs, reducing the number of exams in a week, and teaching students how to develop their social, coping, and time management skills.

Examining the Influence of Macroeconomic Factors and Corporate Governance on Firm Performance in the ACE Market

This study focused on investigating the impact of macroeconomic factors and corporate governance on the financial performance of firms listed on the ACE Market of Bursa Malaysia. The ACE Market serves as a platform for smaller, emerging companies, providing them with an opportunity to raise capital with less stringent requirements compared to the Main Market. Using a panel data set of 72 companies over the period 2018-2022, the research employed panel-corrected standard errors (PCSE) regression. PCSE is a panel regression model that accounts for contemporaneous correlations, corrects for deviations from spherical errors, and enhances inference from linear models. The analysis revealed that ACE market companies, on average, show a negative return on equity (ROE) but positive numbers of women (NOW) and board meetings (NOM). The PCSE regression results, however, failed to show a statistically significant relationship between NOW and ROE, suggesting that the presence of women on the board of directors does not significantly impact the firm performance. The findings provide valuable insights for the firms in the ACE market companies regarding the consideration of important factors in improving firm performance. The research's broader goal is to inform the development of strategies fostering enhanced overall performance and sustainability in the ACE market. The study also suggests several recommendations such as broadening the scope and inclusion of international trade dynamics variables.

The Role of Self-Efficacy in Coping With the Psychological Challenges of Job Loss: Application of the Social Cognitive Career Self-Management Model

There is substantial evidence that involuntary job loss can have major implications for workers’ well-being. Yet research on coping with unemployment has most often focused on the job search process and progress toward re-employment, with less emphasis on the process of coping with the myriad psychological challenges of job loss. This study adapted the social cognitive model of career self-management as a framework for understanding well-being and psychological distress during unemployment. Participants were 602 unemployed workers who completed social cognitive measures representing two coping sub-domains, job searching and psychological coping. Within each sub-domain, measures included coping behaviors, self-efficacy, and support. Measures of proactive personality, financial strain, and two psychological functioning criteria (emotional well-being and distress) were also completed. The findings provided initial psychometric support for a novel measure of psychological coping self-efficacy and suggested the utility of the psychological coping variables as predictors of well-being and distress above and beyond job search coping in the context of unemployment. The study’s implications for practice and future research on coping with unemployment are discussed.

HUBUNGAN ANTARA EMOTION FOCUSED-COPING DENGAN PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING PADA GURU SMK SWASTA

Welfare for teachers who teach in private vocational schools is different from teachers who are in public schools. This makes a difference in the psychological well-being of each teacher. Many factors can affect a person's psychological well-being, one of which is emotion focused- coping. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between emotion focused-coping and psychological well-being. The research method in this study is a qualitative method with a correlational research design. The research instrument used in this study was The Ways of Coping scale to measure emotion-focused coping variables and the psychological well-being scale to measure psychological well-being variables. The results of the correlation test using Pearson's correlation yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.009 with a significance of 0.947 (p &lt;0.05). Based on these results it can be seen that the two variables have no relationship, so it can be concluded that emotion focused-coping has no effect on psychological well-being. It is possible that psychological well-being is influenced by factors other than emotion-focused coping