Var Capitata Research Articles

Cruciferous Plant Extracts, Their Isothyocianate or Indol Derivatives, and Their Effect on Cellular Viability of Breast Cancer Cell Lines.

Brassicaceaes are rich in glucosinolates (GSL), whose derivatives, the isothyocianates sulforaphane (SFN), iberine (IB), or indole derivatives as indole-3-carbinol (I3C), have anticancer activities. We evaluated the effects of a broccoli sprout (Brassica oleracea var italica) and red cabbage (B. oleracea L. var capitata f. rubra) extracts and their GSL derivatives on breast cancer cells. Broccoli sprout aqueous extract (BSE) and red cabbage aqueous (RCA) or ethanolic (RCE) extracts were high in SFN, IB, and/or I3C. BSE and RCA decreased proliferation at doses of 2.5-5 mg/mL but induced proliferation at lower doses. RCE decreased proliferation starting at 10 µg/mL with selectivity toward cancer cells. SFN, IB, or I3C alone or in combination did not decrease proliferation similarly, suggesting synergistic effects with other phytochemicals in the extract. RCE showed selectivity toward breast cancer cells, but the effect of the individual metabolites or their combination did not reduce proliferation to the same extent. It will be important to determine the combination responsible for this effect to characterize their use for breast cancer treatment.

GC–MS metabolomics of French lettuce (Lactuca Sativa L. var capitata) leaves exposed to bisphenol A via the hydroponic media

IntroductionBisphenol A (BPA), an organic compound used to produce polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins, has become a ubiquitous contaminant due to its high-volume production and constant release to the environment. Plant metabolomics can trace the stress effects induced by environmental contaminants to the variation of specific metabolites, making it an alternative way to study pollutants toxicity to plants. Nevertheless, there is an important knowledge gap in metabolomics applications in this area.ObjectiveEvaluate the influence of BPA in French lettuce (Lactuca Sativa L. var capitata) leaves metabolic profile by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC–MS) using a hydroponic system.MethodsLettuces were cultivated in the laboratory to minimize biological variation and were analyzed 55 days after sowing (considered the plant’s adult stage). Hexanoic and methanolic extracts with and without derivatization were prepared for each sample and analyzed by GC–MS.ResultsThe highest number of metabolites was obtained from the hexanoic extract, followed by the derivatized methanolic extract. Although no physical differences were observed between control and contaminated lettuce leaves, the multivariate analysis determined a statistically significant difference between their metabolic profiles. Pathway analysis of the most affected metabolites showed that galactose metabolism, starch and fructose metabolism and steroid biosynthesis were significantly affected by BPA exposure.ConclusionsThe preparation of different extracts from the same sample permitted the determination of metabolites with different physicochemical properties. BPA alters the leaves energy and membrane metabolism, plant growth could be affected at higher concentrations and exposition times.

Microwave-based and convective drying of cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var capitata L.): Computational intelligence modeling, thermophysical properties, quality and mid-infrared spectrometry

This study assessed and compared the impact of hot air oven drying (HAD) at 50, 60 and 70 °C and microwave drying (MWD) at 195, 307 and 521 W on the kinetics of thermophysical properties and quality of dried cabbage. The thermophysical properties were computed using established model equations. The proximate composition, bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacity (AOC), color and functional groups were analyzed using Association of official analytical chemists (AOAC) test protocol, High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Ultraviolet-visible (UV–Vis) spectrometry and Attenuated total reflectance coupled to Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), respectively. The moisture ratio was modeled using probabilistic computational intelligence modeling approaches. The results revealed that only density, thermal diffusivity and thermal effusivity appeared to be kinetically controlled by moisture content. Stepwise linear regression (SLR) model and Gaussian process regression (GPR) model were more accurate in simulating the moisture ratio. Increasing HAD temperature preserved all of the proximate compositions except carbohydrates. Similarly, increasing MWD power preserved all the proximate compositions except crude fiber. Increasing HAD temperature from 50 to 60 °C and 60–70 °C decreased the total flavonoid content (TFC) and total phenolic content (TPC) by 21.31 % and 13.60 %, respectively but increased the AOC from 27.2 to 39.6 %. Increasing MWD power levels from 195 to 307 W and 307–521 W decreased TFC by 13.2 % and 0.7 %, respectively but increased the TPC by 9.72 % and 13.14 %, thus AOC increased from 35.2 to 45.7 %. MWD presented higher AOC relative to HAD. Drying at 50 °C and 307 W gave the highest whitening index in HAD and MWD. ATR-FTIR analysis revealed the formation of new compounds by thermal effect. SLR and GPR were more accurate in modeling the drying kinetics. HAD and MWD affected the quality parameters of cabbage differently, thus the choice of the dryer type will depend on the parameters of interest.

Efficacy of Fungicides and Botanical Extracts against Alternaria brassicicola Causing Leaf Spot of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var capitata L.)

Efficacy of Fungicides and Botanical Extracts against Alternaria brassicicola Causing Leaf Spot of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var capitata L.)

Impact of various growth regulators applied through foliar application on the development and productivity of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var capitata L.)

Impact of various growth regulators applied through foliar application on the development and productivity of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var capitata L.)

Radicle emergence test for cabbage can be assessed using multispectral imaging

The potential of multispectral imaging (MSI, using a VideometerLab©) to achieve automation of the assessment of radicle emergence (RE) in the RE vigour test and thereby increase the throughput of vigour testing, was examined using 12 commercial seed lots from three varieties of cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var capitata). The RE of the 12 lots was assessed after 48 hours germination at 20°C using both MSI (MSI RE48) and a manual count. The RE counts made using MSI were highly correlated to manual counts taken by eye at the same time (r = 0.97, p < 0.001) and to RE assessments taken using RGB imaging (r = 0.84, p < 0.01). MSI RE48 was significantly related to field emergence after seven days (r = 0.87, p < 0.01) and glasshouse emergence after six days (r = 0.86, p < 0.01); similar relationships with emergence were found for the RE assessments taken using RGB imaging. Our data indicate that an automated count of RE is possible in the RE test using MSI imaging and relates to seed vigour in cabbage.

Efficacy of Selected Insecticides with Botanicals and Bio-agents against Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) in Cabbage, Brassica oleracea var capitata (L.)

Field trial was conducted during rabi season 2022-2023 at Central Research Farm (CRF) , SHUATS. The experiment was laid out in Randomised block design with eight treatments each replicated thrice using a variety Green Soccer (546). The treatments are T1 Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 % SC, T2 Indoxacarb 14.5% SC, T3 Flubendiamide 39.3 SC, T4 Bacillus thuringeninsis (1x108 CFU/ml), T5 Metarhizium anisiopilae (1x108 CFU/ml), T6 NSKE 5%, T7 Spinosad 45% SC and along with an untreated T8 control against Plutella xylostella in Cabbage. Mean reduction in the larval population of Diamond back moth per plant revealed that all treatments significantly superior over control (4.200). Among all the treatments T1 Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 % SC recorded highest larval reduction with mean (1.000) of Plutella Xylostella followed by T2 Indoxacarb 14.5% SC (1.178), T7 Spinosad 45% SC (1.311), T3 Flubendiamide 39.3 SC (1.322), T5 Metarhizium anisiopilae (1x108 CFU/ml) (1.456), T4 Bacillus thuringeninsis (1x108 CFU/ml) (1.522) and T6 NSKE 5% (1.734) and least recorded in T8 control (4.200). Highest yield 336 q/ha as well as B:C ratio (1:5.35) was obtained from the treatment Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC followed by T2 Indoxacarb 14.5% SC (1:5.28), T7 Spinosad 45% SC (1:4.85) T3 Flubendiamide 39.3 SC (1:4.83), T5 Metarhizium anisiopilae (1x108 CFU/ml) (1:4.18), T4 Bacillus thuringeninsis (1x108 CFU/ml) (1:4.71) and T6 NSKE 5% (1:3.52) superior over the control (1:2.87).

Convective and microwave drying kinetics of white cabbage (Brassica oleracae var capitata L.): Mathematical modelling, thermodynamic properties, energy consumption and reconstitution kinetics

The increasing cost of energy and low cost of white cabbage (WC) has made storage of white cabbage in cold storage room capital intensive, thus alternative and sustainable preservation methods are being sought. To adopt drying as a sustainable preservation method for WC, study of the heat transfer processes and energy use is very essential. This study presents the results of the drying kinetics, thermodynamic properties and energy consumption kinetics during drying of WC in hot air oven dryer (HAD) and microwave dryer (MD), as well as the reconstitution kinetics of WC. The results showed that both samples dried under a single rate drying period. The effective moisture diffusivity of HAD and MD ranges from 3.26 ×10−9to 6.07×10−9m2s−1 and 1.23×10−8 to 4.02×10−8m2/s, respectively. The activation energy of the samples dried in HAD and MD is 28.59933 kJmol−1K−1 and 10.026 J/g s−1, respectively. The specific energy consumption (SEC) was higher at the lowest drying temperature and microwave power level. SEC kinetic study revealed higher SEC at lower drying temperature and microwave power, and was intense right from the beginning of the drying process. Luka et al. model proved more appropriate in simulating the drying kinetic of WC. Thermodynamic analysis of the dryers revealed that the drying process was endergonic and endothermic. Drying methods and water temperature influenced the rate of reconstitution of WC.

Identification of F-box gene family in Brassica oleracea and expression analysis in response to low-temperature stress

Unfavorable climatic conditions, such as low temperatures, often hinder the growth and production of crops worldwide. The F-box protein-encoding gene family performs an essential role in plant stress resistance. However, a comprehensive analysis of the F-box gene family in cabbage (Brassica oleracea var capitata L.) has not been reported yet. In this study, genome-wide characterization of F-box proteins in cabbage yielded 303 BoFBX genes and 224 BoFBX genes unevenly distributed on 9 chromosomes of cabbage. Phylogenetic analysis of 303 BoFBX genes was classified into nine distinct subfamily groups (GI-GIX). Analysis of the gene structure of BoFBX genes indicated that most genes within the same clade are highly conserved. In addition, tissue-specific expression analysis revealed that six F-box genes in cabbage showed the highest expression in rosette leaves, followed by roots and stems and the lowest expression was observed in the BoFBX156 gene. In contrast, the expression of the other five genes, BoFBX100, BoFBX117, BoFBX136, BoFBX137 and BoFBX213 was observed to be upregulated in response to low-temperature stress. Moreover, we found that the expression level of the BoFBX gene in the cold-tolerant cultivar “ZG” was higher than that in cold-sensitive “YC” with the extension of stress duration, while expression levels of each gene in “ZG” were higher than “YC” at 24 h. Knowledge of the various functions provided by BoFBXs genes and their expression patterns provides a firm theoretical foundation for explaining the functions of BoFBXs, thereby contributing to the molecular breeding process of cabbage.

Brassica Oleracea VAR. Capitata Efektif Mengatasi Engorgement: Sebuah Review Sistematis

90% of postpartum mothers who breastfeed their babies have increased engorgement. Many studies claim the cabbage (Brassica Oleracea var Capitata) that compressed on the breast which can reduce swelling and pain. This study tried to study the effect of leaf compresses on breast swelling in postpartum mothers. The research design was used with a narrative review of 3 scientific research articles resulting from quantitative research in accordance with the research objectives. The existence of this research is expected to provide appropriate assistance for breast swelling in postpartum mothers.

Efficacy of biological and chemical insecticides against diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.) on Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. Var capitata)

Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) is the most devastating pest in late winter in cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.). Pesticides are the common pest management practices to manage the crucifer pests. These practices are not sustainable and ecofriendly. Hence, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of chemical, botanicals and biological insecticides to develop safer and more effective insecticides for the diamondback moth, in cabbage during winter season 2018-19. The experiment was laid in a randomized block design (RCBD) with four replication and five treatments viz. i) Emamectin benzoate 5SG @ 0.4 gm/l, ii) Neemix (Azadirachtin 300 ppm) @ 2 ml/l, iii) Metarhizium anisopliae @ 2 ml/l, iv) Beauveri abassiana @ 2 ml/l and v) control (untreated). Standard recommended agronomic practices were followed in field to ensure better crop growth. The maximum reduction of P. xylostella larval population over untreated control was recorded in Emamectin benzoate 5 SG (95%) and Neemix (95%) sprayed field. Bio-pesticides such as M. anisopliae and B. bassiana were effective only after the first spray with maximum efficacy of (76%) and (65%), respectively, and decreased efficacy in the second and third sprays. Both yields with the least number of damaged leaves and maximum net profit was recorded in Emamectin benzoate sprayed plots with a higher benefit-cost ratio of (3.47), which was followed by M. anisopliae (2.96) and Neemix (2.92) treatments, respectively. Emamectin benzoate 5 SG and Neemix are effective and safe insecticides in controlling diamondback moth in cabbage crops and are viable options for integrated management of P. xylostella.

Drying Modeling, Thermodynamic Properties, Specific Energy Consumption Kinetics and Reconstitution Kinetics of Hot Air-Based and Microwave-Based Drying of Pretreated White Cabbage (Brassica Oleracae L. VAR Capitata L.)

Drying Modeling, Thermodynamic Properties, Specific Energy Consumption Kinetics and Reconstitution Kinetics of Hot Air-Based and Microwave-Based Drying of Pretreated White Cabbage (Brassica Oleracae L. VAR Capitata L.)

ANALISIS KADAR VITAMIN C PADA KUBIS MERAH (Brassica oleracea L. var capitata) YANG DIBUAT JUS DENGAN VARIASI LAMA PENYIMPANAN

Vitamin C is an antioxidant that is contained in red cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var capitata). Generally, people store juice ingredients in the refrigerator. This research was carried out to determine the effect of storage time on vitamin C levels in juiced red cabbage. The variation of storage time used was 1, 4, and 7 days with a storage temperature of 5 oC. Qualitative test using iodine, Fehling, and ammonium molybdate reagent gave positive results containing vitamin C. The quantitative test was carried out by UV-Vis spectrophotometry at a maximum wavelength of 570.5 nm with operating time at 20 minutes after the test solution was added with H2SO4 and ammonium molybdate. The quantitative test results showed that the level of vitamin C on the first day was 63.92 mg / 100 g, on the fourth day was 63.32 mg / 100 g, on the seventh day was 62.52 mg / 100 g red cabbage with coefficients of variation 0.26%. The Tukey test resulted in a p value of more than ??0.05, ie 0.831, so that the levels of vitamin C red cabbage juice made on the 1st, 4th, and 7th days were not significantly different.

Pesticides used on the cultivation of Brassica oleracae var capitata L. (cabbage) in the Niayes area (Senegal): Impact on the environment and the health of producers

The Niayes area, by its climate and its morpho-pedology, is a favorite area for market gardening in Senegal. For vegetables, it is accredited to more than 60% of harvests. Among the cultivated speculations is the cabbage (Brassica oleracae var capitata L.). With a view to alleviating the negative effect of pests, a variety of pesticides are used by producers. This study was undertaken with a view to contribute to a better knowledge of the pesticides used in the production of Cabbage (Brassica Oleracea) in the Niayes. Specifically, it aims to characterize the pesticides used in the area and to determine their impacts on the environment and the health of producers. To carry out this study, a survey was carried out among 163 cabbage producers in the Niayes area (Mboro and Diogo) from February 06 to March 03, 2018. The data entry and processing of the results were made thanks to the Epi info software and Excel spreadsheet. The results showed that 87.1% of producers use chemicals. At the end of this study, 24 active ingredients, mainly comprising four (4) major chemical families, were identified. The most widely used pesticides are insecticides, insecticides-acaricides-nematicides and herbicides with respectively 56%, 12% and 11% of citations. Profenofos is the most cited active ingredient with 21.1% followed by emamectin benzoate with 14%, pendiimathalin (12%) and carbofuran (11%). In addition, Organophosphates and Amino-Phosphates are the most representative chemical families with 48% and 15% citations, respectively. Among the producers; 85.9% have already suffered from poisoning from the use of pesticides. 43% of producers reported the death of insects and other animals as a result of the treatments.

A Study of the Effectiveness of Hydroponic Growing Variables on Lactuca sativa var. capitata

Hydroponic growing in controlled environment horticulture has been an increasingly used method of produce production around the world. Its many methods integrate sustainability and growth efficiency through the control of climatic and system variables. This study investigated control variables that would produce and market a more effective lettuce (lactuca sativa. var capitata) crop. Three objectives determined: The comparison between the dimensions of deep water culture systems and the lettuce harvesting length, Consumer and ICP spectrometry recognition of different post-harvest hydroponic nutrient concentration, and the preference of lettuce grown in different hydroponic nutrient concentrations. Through growing trials and consumer tests, it was found that the 14 gallon (102 x 50.8 x 66cm) size deep water culture system also produced lettuce with larger harvest-length; spectrometry recognition of lettuce crops grown in different nutrient levels was effective with 7 of the 12 nutrients elements showing sufficient results of concentration in concentrated lettuce. Consumer identification recognition wasn’t successful with 40% of consumers unable to recognize any nutrient concentration level compared to two other varieties. Representing a diverse market audience, of consumers determined that variety 127 (50% regular concentration) was preferred as significant market influence of purchase. This research will impact future studies in effective small scale hydroponic growing and growers looking to expand knowledge of beneficial growth.

Effect of drought length on the performance of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var capitata) in the forest-savannah transition zone, Ghana

The drought tolerance of Cabbage, Brassica oleracea var capitata (Oxylus) was investigated by subjecting the initial, development and mid growth stages to varying drought lengths of 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 and 15 days in a 7 × 3 factorial experiment to determine the effect of each drought period at each growth stage on growth and yield. Data on number of opened leaves/plant, leaf area index (LAI), leaf chlorophyll content, head size and yield/ha were recorded due to drought effect at each growth stage. Analysis of variance at 5% probability level indicated that drought periods of 5–15 days at the initial stage significantly reduced number of leaves, LAI and head size. Significant reduction in chlorophyll content and yield were due to drought beyond 11 and 5 days respectively at the initial stage. Number of opened leaves increased significantly with increasing drought length at the development stage; critical at 11 days drought. Significant reductions in LAI at the development and mid stages were critical at 11 and 9 days respectively whilst chlorophyll content was significantly reduced at both the development and mid stages by all drought periods. Significant reduction in head size at the development and mid stages was critical at 7 days. Generally, the drought tolerance of cabbage increased from the initial to the mid-stage. To maintain economic yields of cabbage in the forest-savannah transition zone, the initial and development stages could tolerate drought stress up to 5 days whilst the mid stage could tolerate up to 7 days.

Edible pH sensor based on immobilized red cabbage anthocyanins into bacterial cellulose membrane for intelligent food packaging

An edible pH sensor has been developed based on anthocyanins of red cabbage (Brassica oleraceae var capitata L.) (ARC) immobilized on a bacterial cellulose (BC) membrane. The polivinyl alcohol (PVA) (1%) was added into the membrane to reduce swelling and water solubility. The edible pH sensor exhibited a various distinctive colors from red to purple, blue‐gray, and then to yellow in the pH range (pH 1–14), with good linearity between pH 1–6, and pH 8–12, with a sensor response time of 4 min and reproducibility of <1% (RSD). The sensor showed obvious color turning as a pH response and excellent color stability after 17 and 22 days in room and chiller conditions, respectively. In application, the pH sensor was demonstrated by the detection of several beverage pH. Although as freshness sensor, milk freshness was monitored by a distinctive color turning from blue‐gray to pinkish‐gray after 8 h storage at room temperature. The edible pH sensor can distinguish fresh milk from spoilage, making it suitable to be used in an intelligent packaging system as a freshness sensor.

Anti-dandruff shampoo formulation with active substances Ethanol extract of Brassica oleracea var capitata L. and its verifying activity against fungus Malassezia furfur

Traditionally cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitate L.) is often used by Indonesian society to deal with itching on the scalp due to the fungus Malassezia furfur which causes dandruff. Based on the results of previous studies, the antifungal activity test of cabbage leaf ethanol extract shows that ethanol extract has antifungal activity against Malassezia furfur. fungus. This research, an anti-dandruff shampoo formulation was carried out with the active ingredient of cabbage ethanol extract and verifying its activity test on M. furfur by diffusion method for the perforation method. The results showed that the preparation of anti-dandruff shampoo with active ingredients of cabbage ethanol extract had antifungal activity against M. furfur. The greater the concentration of cabbage ethanol extract in the shampoo, the greater the inhibitory power produced against M. furfur. Shampoo preparations made with cabbage ethanol extract concentrations of 15% and 30% had color, odor, shape, viscosity, surface tension, pH, high foam, and potential for anti-dandruff to be sufficient, safe to use, and stable for 8 weeks of storage. The anti-dandruff shampoo with 45% cabbage ethanol extract experienced changes in color, odor, and decreased viscosity during storage. It concluded that formulation shampoo with 15% but not higher than 45% cabbage ethanol extract suitable for an anti-dandruff shampoo.

Calculation of Concentrations and Transfer Factors of Uranium from Soil to Plants Using Nuclear Track Detector CR-39

In this study, the concentrations of uranium for four species of plants; Spinacia, Brassica Oleracea, BEASSICA Oleracea Var Capitata and Beta Vulgaris were measured in addition to the measurement of uranium concentrations in the selected soil by calculating the number of significant traces of alpha in CR-39. The 2.455 Bq/kg in Spinacia plant were the highest concentration while the lowest concentration of uranium were 1.91 Bq/kg in BEASSICA Oleracea Var Capitata plant. As for the transfer factor, the highest value 0.416 were found in Spinacia plant and the lowest value 0.323 were found in BEASSICA Oleracea Var Capitata plant. The uranium in the models studied in it did not exceed the international limit, according to the International Atomic Energy Agency.

Economic impacts of integrated pest management on vegetables production in Bangladesh

Impacts of integrated pest management (IPM) were assessed for six vegetables: eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var capitata), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), and country bean (Lablab purpureus L.) in Bangladesh. Propensity score matching (PSM), inverse probability weighting (IPW), and inverse probability weighted regression adjustment (IPWRA) were used to assess farm level impacts of IPM. Economic surplus analysis was employed to estimate market level benefits. IPM adoption significantly reduced the number of pesticide applications and pesticide costs for eggplant, bitter gourd, and tomato. For all vegetables together, pesticide costs per hectare were Tk. 1990.42 ($24.88 USD), Tk. 2039.63 ($25.50 USD), and Tk. 2017.53 ($ 25.21 USD) less for adopters than for non-adopters based on nearest neighbor, kernel and radius matching, respectively. IPW and IPWRA also exhibited similar type of findings. The highest market level benefits were obtained for eggplant IPM research and training. IRR was also highest for eggplant IPM research (42%) followed by tomato (39%). Policy implication included measures for more extension efforts and increased investment in IPM research and development.