Reviewed by: Multiple Teachers in Biblical Texts ed. by B. J. Koet and Archibald L. H. M. van Wieringen Christoph Stenschke Koet, B. J., and Archibald L. H. M. van Wieringen, eds. 2017. Multiple Teachers in Biblical Texts. Contributions to Biblical Exegesis and Theology 88. Leuven: Peeters. ISBN 978-9042935426. Pp. 260. $58.08. Taking clues from recent developments in the science of education, the essays of this collection focus on relations and communication between teachers and pupils in the Bible. They argue that both teachers and pupils appear there in abundance: It is clear that, either implicitly or explicitly, the roles of teacher and disciple are a part of biblical traditions, although often neglected in biblical exegesis. In this volume, we would like to explore the roles of teacher and disciple from a textual perspective. This perspective contains two aspects. Firstly, the relation teacher-disciple is present in the text itself. It indicates the relation between characters acting in the text. Secondly, through the relation teacher-disciple at the textual level of the characters, the author and reader create a similar relationship of teacher and disciple at the level of their communication. Texts, therefore, have a double communication, which is disciple-centred: from the character of the teacher towards the character of the disciple, as well as from the textual author as a teacher towards the textual reader as a disciple. (4) [End Page 204] The opening essay by the editors ("In Search of Teachers and Disciples," 1–7) introduces the theme and the following essays: Five essays are devoted to the communicative relationship between teachers and disciples in the OT: Piet J. van Midden and Archibald L. H. M. van Wieringen, "Moses as a Teacher in the Narration about the Gold Bullock: A Communication-Oriented Exegesis of Exodus 32" (9–28); Christiaan Erwich and Eep Talstra, "The Text as our Teacher: Participant Tracking in Psalm 64" (29–47); Harm W. M. van Grol, "Coping with Hellenistic Neighbours: Psalms 137–145: An Initiation into Royal Warriorship" (49–71); Sehoon Jang, "God as the Wise Teacher in Job" (73–88) and Archibald L. H. M. van Wieringen, "The Triple-Layered Communication in the Book of Amos and its Message of Non-Appropriation Theology" (89–106). Five essays address communicative relationships between teachers and disciples in the NT. Solomon Pasala ("Multiple Teachers and Disciples in Mt 8–9," 107–124) examines how Matthew has constructed the text-immanent author and text-immanent reader in these chapters. Their model readers are constructed through imperatives. The call of the tax collector (Matt 9:9–13) is an example of a text-immanent disciple, who responds to the text-immanent teacher. In his essay, "Multiple Communication Layers and the Enigma of the Last Judgment (Matt 25, 31–46)" (125–146), Lauri Thuren notes that in this mixture of parable and prophecy, fourteen individuals or groups interact on at least six different levels. According to Thuren, the passage plays a crucial role as it prepares the readers for the forthcoming passion narrative. He concludes: The story of the judgment exemplifies Jesus' daring model of teaching. Instead of giving mature, balanced instruction, which would illuminate the case from many sides and suit people in different situations, he tends to utter hyperbolical and extreme ideas and slogans. While later theologians have desperately attempted to domesticate them, Jesus' hearers, on the level of the text, cannot be but shocked by such statements. This may be due to Matthew's or his protagonist's pursuit of maximal rhetorical effect, even at the risk of being misunderstood. (146) Bart J. Koet ("A Tale of Two Teachers: Jesus about Jesus and John the Baptist [Luke 7, 18–35]," 147–168) notes how Jesus uses children's rhymes in his teaching. Luke 7:35 in particular indicates that it is possible [End Page 205] for the audience to become children of Wisdom by joining John, a sober teacher, and/or Jesus who connects teaching with joyful eating together: "Sitting together at table is for Jesus an important way of teaching" (165). In the essay "Education and Teaching in John's Gospel" (169–184), Jan van der Watt surveys the relevant educational terminology...