Values Of Prandtl Number Research Articles

Numerical simulation of magnetically driven nanomaterial rotating flow configured by convective-radiative cone with chemical reaction

Indeed, nanoliquids have acquired substantial consideration in heat transference field because of their inimitable thermal attributes and favorable application likelihoods. In contrast to orthodox liquids, the haphazard movement of nanoparticles within nanoliquid strengthens fluid turbulence, accomplishes superior thermal effectiveness and declines thermal resistance. Nanoliquids have ample utilization, for illustration, solar energy, electronic chips, automotive radiators and heat exchangers etc. This communication reports chemically reactive electro-magnetized nanomaterial dissipative flow confined by rotating cone. Flow expressions include thermo-solutal buoyancy, varying viscosity and magneto-hydrodynamics. Radiative heat, thermophoresis, viscous dissipation, Brownian diffusion, thermal source and first order chemical reaction are pondered to model transport expressions. Relevant variables are introduced to transfigure partial differential mathematical expressions to mathematical ordinary ones. Numerical outcomes for non-dimensional mathematical expressions are reported via bvp4c algorithm in MATLAB. The comprehensive results featuring dimensionless quantities are explored through graphs and arithmetic representations. It is evaluated that escalating values of variable viscosity, Prandtl number and unsteady parameter decline temperature but temperature is improved as a consequence of progressive variation in radiation parameter, Eckert number, thermophoresis parameter, heat generating and Brownian diffusive variables. The study is relevant to cooling industry, electroconductive, thermal collector and nano-materials processing.

Effect of Suction/Injection on Unsteady MHD Natural Convection Flow of Heat Mass Transfer in Porous Channel in the Presence of Soret Term

This research paper explores the effect of suction/injection on unsteady MHD natural convection flow of heat mass transfer in porous channel in the presence of Soret term. The governing partial differential equations are converted to non- dimensional forms and solved numerically by using unconditionally stable and convergent implicit finite difference method. A parametric study illustrating the influence of various physical parameters is performed. It is reported that the velocity profile increases as Soret term, Grashof number, Solutal Grashof number and Porous parameters values increase, while Magnetic field parameter decreases the velocity profile. The temperature profile rises by the influence in increasing values of Variable Thermal Conductivity and decreases by increasing values of Prandtl number and Radiation parameters. While concentration profile increase by the increasing values of Soret term and Chemical reaction. The dependence of the skin friction coefficient, rate of heat transfer and mass transfer on these parameter has been discussed.

A computation analysis with heat and mass transfer for micropolar nanofluid in ciliated microchannel: With application in the ductus efferentes

Inherited heat enhancement capabilities and their significance in the field of medical sciences and industry make nanofluids the focus of research nowadays. Furthermore, due to the remarkable advancements in bionanotechnology and its significance in biomedical fields such as drug delivery systems, cancer tumor therapy, bioimaging, and many others, it has emerged as a key research area. Contribution of cilia for the flow in ductus efferentes of human male reproductive tract is elaborated. A novel mathematical scheme is presented for the heat and mass transfer of MHD micropolar nanofluid transport in an asymmetric channel lined with cilia. The pertinent equations of nanofluid transport are exposed to lubrication approximation theory and solution for the physical problem is examined with efficient bvp4c technique in MATLAB. Fluid rheology is explored with the variations of different transport parameters like Hartmann number, Grashof number, Brownian motion, buoyancy, thermophoresis and Darcy number. It is reported that nanofluid transport is affected with rise in the Lorentz force and show reverse behavior with rising permeability. The temperature of the nanofluid in ciliated microchannel is raised with enhanced value of Hartmann number, Grashof number, Prandtl number, and Darcy number while diffusion phenomenon of nanofluid is slowed down with these parameters. Spinning motion of the nanofluid is enhanced with Grashof number and slow down with nanoparticle Grashof number and different behavior is recorded for Darcy and viscosity parameters in different flow regime. Reported investigation presents crucial findings for ciliary transport of micropolar nanofluid and tackled with appropriate selection of micropolar parameter, Brownian motion parameter, thermophoresis and Grashof number. Moreover, this investigation will be handful for cilia-based actuators which work as micro-mixers in controlling the flow in minute bio-sensors and may prove their worth in micro-pumps employed in various drug-delivery systems.

Thermal slip and variable viscosity analysis on heat rate and magnetic flux through accelerating non-conducting wedge in the presence of induced magnetic field

The focus of present study is to incorporate the variable viscosity and temperature slip impact on heating rate and induced magnetic gradient along the moving non-conducting wedge under magnetic field. In industrial and engineering procedures, the impact of induced magnetization improves the efficiency of thermal systems to main the heating rates. The similarity transformations and stream functions are applied to reduce the governing equations into ordinary form. During this transformation, the pertinent parameters such as wedge parameter, moving parameter, Prandtl factor, viscosity parameter and temperature-slip parameter is obtained. These parameters play a prominent role on the physical values of fluid velocity, induced magnetic field and temperature distributions. The skin friction, Nusselt coefficient and induced magnetic gradient are incorporated through these parameters. The numerical values are executed by using the Keller box analysis with Newton–Raphson technique. It is depicted that the maximum slip in fluid velocity and temperature distribution is obtained for each values of thermal-slip parameter. It is noticed that maximum magnitude in induced magnetic field is reported for each wedge factor. The maximum velocity slip and temperature slip is observed for each choice of moving parameter. It is reported that the maximum variation in heating rate and induced magnetic gradient is obtained for magnetic force and viscosity parameter. The enhancing behavior of skin friction is observed for maximum values of Prandtl number.

Effect of Thermal Radiation on Fractional MHD Casson Flow with the Help of Fractional Operator

This study examines the effects of Newtonian heating along with heat generation, and thermal radiation on magnetohydrodynamic Casson fluid over a vertical plate. At the boundary, the Newtonian heating phenomena has been employed. The problem is split into two sections for this reason: momentum equation and energy equations. To transform the equations of the given model into dimensionless equations, some particular dimensionless parameters are defined. In this article, generalized Fourier’s law and the recently proposed Caputo Fabrizio fractional operator are applied. The corresponding results of non-dimensional velocity and heat equations can be identified through the application of Laplace transform. Moreover, Tzou’s algorithm as well as Stehfest’s algorithm is implemented to recognize the inverted Laplace transform of heat and momentum equations. Finally, a graphical sketch is created using Mathcad 15 software to demonstrate the results of numerous physical characteristics. It has been reported that the heat and velocity drop with rising Prandtl number values, whereas the fluid’s velocity has been seen to rise with increasing Grashof number values. Additionally, current research has shown that flow velocity and temperature increase with rising values of a fractional parameter.

Symmetry breaking of rotating convection due to non-Oberbeck–Boussinesq effects

The non-Oberbeck–Boussinesq (NOB) effects arising from variations in thermal expansivity are theoretically and numerically studied in the context of rotating Rayleigh–Bénard convection in forms of two-dimensional rolls. The thermal expansivity increases with pressure (depth), and its variation is measured by a dimensionless factor ε. Utilizing an asymptotic expansion with weak nonlinearity, we derive an amplitude equation, revealing that NOB effects amplify the magnitude of convection. An ε2-order NOB correction leads to a symmetry breaking about the horizontal mid-plane, manifested in the strengthening of convection near the bottom and its weakening near the top, forming bottom-heavy profiles. At ε3-order, the conjunction of NOB effects and nonlinear advection leads to a horizontal symmetry breaking. The values of Taylor number and Prandtl number determine whether upward or downward plumes are stronger. Numerical calculations validate the theoretical analyses in weakly nonlinear regime. This work advances our understanding of hydrothermal plumes in some winter lakes on Earth and in the subglacial oceans on icy moons as well as tracer transport from the seafloor to the ice shell.

Computational analysis magnetohydrodynamics natural convection flow round vertical thermally stratified jet: Finite difference method in conjunction with primitive variable formulation

The problem of magnetohydrodynamic free convective heat transfer mechanism across a laminar, round, vertical, and thermally stratified jet is examined. The boundary layer equations are non-dimensionalized, and then, using the primitive variable formulation, the finite difference method is used to find the numerical solution of the problem. The impact of Prandtl number, magnetic parameter, and stratification parameter on velocity distribution, temperature profile, and heat transfer rate is explained graphically and in tabular form. It is found that for increasing values of thermal stratification parameter S, the velocity profile increases while temperature distribution and rate of heat transfer decrease. Similarly, with an increase in the values of Prandtl number, velocity, and temperature distribution decrease, but the rate of heat transfer increases.

Numerical study of magneto-hydrodynamics natural convective flow in a porous-corrugated enclosure using a higher-order compact finite difference scheme

This study explores the numerical investigation of two-dimensional natural convection in a porous corrugated enclosure with heat sources of different heights and electrically conducting fluids. The governing equations are solved using a higher-order compact finite difference scheme. Boundaries on the top and sides are subject to thermal cooling and adiabatic conditions, respectively. Numerical results are presented for wide range of Rayleigh (103 to 106), Darcy (10−5 to 10−1), Hartmann (25 to 150), and Prandtl (0.015 to 10) numbers. For fixed high Rayleigh-Darcy values, the porous medium has higher permeability. Most significant possible multiple steady solutions can be found in the case 1 at Ra=106,Da=10−2,Ha=50, and Pr=10.0. In the low to moderate critical values of Prandtl numbers, it encompasses a wide range of fluid flow phenomena, from stable to unstable. The maximum enhancement of the averaged Nusselt numbers on the boundaries in increasing and decreasing trends are viz. Ra(139.13% and 54.37%), Da(46.14% and 74.25%), Ha(633.04% and 74.73%), and Pr(142.52% and 45.92%) for case 1, Ra(129.64% and 0.32%), Da(40.68% and 69.66%), Ha(46.65% and 80.85%), and Pr(18.41% and 18.23%) for case 2, and Ra(163.98% and 77.20%), Da(8.25% and 58.68%), Ha(81.38% and 59.17%), and Pr(30.60% and 22.46%) for case 3.

The varying viscosity impact in an inclined peristaltic channel with diffusion‐thermo and thermo‐diffusion

AbstractA mathematical model is constructed to investigate the behavior of peristaltic flow of Jeffrey fluid in an inclined tapered asymmetric porous channel. The fluid viscosity is taken as space dependent variable quantity. Heat absorption, Soret and Dufour effects are also retained in the current scrutiny. These preferences have broad applications in engineering, biology and industry. We began our investigation by taking into account the two‐dimensional inclined asymmetric porous channel. In the context of mathematical modeling, the appropriate dimensional nonlinear equations for momentum, heat and mass transport are simplified into dimensionless equations by applying the essential estimation of long wavelength and low Reynolds number. The solution of the governing equations is executed numerically. A graphical depiction of many crucial physical characteristics on velocity, temperature, concentration, heat transfer rate, Nusselt number and Streamlines have been reported in ending section. Temperature profile exhibits an escalation with the augmentation of Brinkman number and Dufour number . For the growing values of Prandtl number , an increment in temperature profile is observed whilst a reverse tendency is captured for concentration profile. It is noted that concentration profile falls down owing to the enhancement in Soret number and Schmidt number . An oscillatory outlook is noticed for heat transfer rate and Nusselt number. The novelty of this proposed model in the research domain specifically depends on considerations of the combined study of the Variable viscosity, Darcy resistance, Viscous dissipation, Mixed convention, Heat absorption, Soret and Dufour effects in peristaltic flow of non‐ Newtonian Jeffrey fluid in an inclined Asymmetric tapered channel under the influence of convective boundary conditions.

Numerical analysis of unsteady free convection under the combined influence of inclined magnetohydrodynamic and exothermic chemical reaction in an enclosure filled with nanofluid

Unsteady study of the natural convection of aluminum oxide-water nanofluid within a trapezoidal geometry containing a circular cylinder located at its center. Finite Element method has been considered for the numerical analysis. The proposed investigation handled the impact of Rayleigh number (103–105), chemical reaction parameter (0–4), aluminum oxide nanoparticles volume fraction (0–0.06), magnetic field (0–63) and its inclination angle (0°–90°), and circular obstacle diameter (0.3–0.7) effects on time-dependent natural convection of Al2O3–H2O nanofluid. On the other hand, the value of Prandtl number has kept constant at (Pr = 6.2). Since the nanofluid mobility at φ = 0.02, Ha = 3, and Fk = 1 significantly improved, the heat transfer rate achieved its maximum intensity at Ra = 105. Research also reveals a little effect on heat transfer by increasing the fraction of nanoparticles. Additionally, as Ha intensifies from 0 to 63, a final change in the mean Nusselt number of 28.65 % is displayed. Finally, as the magnetic field angle of rotation is diminished, more enhancement in heat transmission is achieved. This research provides insights into the intricate relationship between natural convection and exothermic reaction under the influences of various conditions. This can illustrate the flow and thermal behaviors of nanofluid in such non-uniform shapes in many engineering applications.

FRACTAL FRACTIONAL MODEL OF RADIATIVE HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS OF TIME DEPENDENT FLOW WITH VARIABLE VISCOSITY, INDUCED MAGNETIC FIELD, DUFOUR AND SORET EFFECTS: AN ENTROPY GENERATION

: In this article, the Caputo Fabrizio fractal fractional order derivatives operator with an exponential kernel was employed to examine the radiative heat and mass transfer characteristics of time dependent flow with variable fluid viscosity, induced magnetic field, Soret and Dufour effects. The local mathematical model for the flow problem is formulated by take into account the impacts of thermal radiation, heat source, and viscous dissipation. The governing equations in-terms of fractal fractional model with an exponential kernel were solved numerically using finite difference method. The influence of flow variables such as induced magnetic field, concentration field, entropy rate, thermal field, and velocity field profiles against the pertinent parameters are discussed through graphs. Increase the values of magnetic Prandtl number results to rises of induced magnetic field. Higher Dufour number significantly grows the thermal field. The fractal fractional parameters enhance the velocity field, thermal field, Bejan number, entropy rate, concentration field and induced magnetic field profiles. The velocity field profiles recede with higher values of fluid variable viscosity parameter whereas the thermal field and induced magnetic field has an opposite effect. Larger Soret number amplifies the concentration field. Increase of Brinkman number, thermal radiation parameter, and magnetic Prandtl number intensifies the entropy generation rate. Increases of Brinkman number, magnetic Prandtl number, Soret number and Dufour number leads to a decrease of Bejan number whereas Bejan number rises with an increase of thermal radiation parameter and heat source

Numerical solutions for magneto-convective boundary layer slip flow from a nonlinear stretching sheet with wall transpiration and thermal radiation effects

A mathematical model is presented for magnetohydrodynamic viscous incompressible flow of an electrically conducting Newtonian polymeric fluid from a moving permeable horizontal stretching sheet with variable magnetic field, momentum and thermal slip boundary conditions. The emerging nonlinear ordinary differential boundary value problem is solved numerically by the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg fourth-fifth order numerical method in Maple symbolic software. The effects of the governing parameters on the dimensionless stream function, dimensionless flow velocity and the dimensionless temperature have been investigated, displayed graphically and discussed. It is found that greater momentum slip and magnetic field parameters reduce the dimensionless velocity. It is further observed that higher values of Prandtl number, thermal slip, and conductionradiation parameter (weaker radiation contribution) reduce the dimensionless temperature whilst stronger magnetic field increases the temperature due to the supplementary work expended in dragging the polymer against the action of the magnetic field which is dissipated as heat. Comparisons of numerical results with previous published results show an excellent agreement. The study finds applications in electro-conductive polymer (ECP) processing systems.

A semi-analytical strategy for mixed convection non-Newtonian nanofluid flow on a stretching surface using Cattaneo-Christov model

This study investigates flow of non-Newtonian fluid containing nano particles and gyrotactic micro-organisms on stretching surface considering magnetic factor and thermal radiations. Cattaneo-Christov model is employed to analyze flow characteristics. The governing Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) along with associated boundary conditions describing the model are converted into Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) by suitable transformations. Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM), a semi-analytic solution technique is employed to obtain the solutions. The inspiration of important embedding variables on velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are presented in tabular and graphical form to elaborate flow properties. It is deduced that the convective parameter and Weissenberg number, both have positive effect on dimensionless velocity whereas buoyancy ratio factor, bio-convective Rayleigh number, and magnetic force have inverse relationship with velocity profile. The presence of radiations and Brownian motion parameter boost energy transfer while it diminishes for higher Prandtl number values and mixed convection factor. Concentration intensifies for larger Prandtl number, activation energy, and thermophoresis parameters whereas it decreases for increasing temperature difference, Brownian motion, Schmidt number, and mixed convection factor. Bio-convective Peclet number, Lewis number, and microorganism concentration gradient factor, all depreciate microorganism concentration panel.

Numerical simulation of molybdenum disulfide-carbon nanotubes/water hybrid nanofluid flow due to a stretching cylinder: Applications to industrial manufacturing processes

This study delves into the exploration of hybrid nanofluids within the context of a stretching cylinder, a domain that has captivated numerous researchers owing to its pivotal applications in industrial manufacturing processes, particularly in metal forming and stretch dies. The authors, recognizing the significance of these applications, have introduced a novel heat transfer fluid termed hybrid nanofluid, comprising molybdenum disulfide and carbon nanotubes suspended in the base liquid, water. The investigation focuses on the flow of the hybrid nanofluid within a stretching cylinder, considering various influential factors such as Joule heating, thermal radiation, porous medium, and magnetic field effects. To model this complex problem, we employed modified Navier–Stokes equations. Employing similarity transformations, assumptions, and non-dimensional parameters, the problem was effectively simplified. The MATLAB bvp4c technique, a well-established numerical approach, was then employed to solve the resulting mathematical formulation. Graphical representations are presented to illustrate various aspects of the flow, facilitating a comprehensive understanding of the system. Comparisons are drawn among the flow characteristics of mono nanofluid, and the developed hybrid nanofluid. It is noted from the current analysis that the temperature strength increases with higher values of the magnetic field parameter, curvature parameter, radiation parameter, and Eckert number in both fluid cases. The Nusselt number increases with higher values of Prandtl number and thermal relaxation parameter. The identified patterns in velocity distribution, temperature strength, and fluid behavior provide a valuable foundation for optimizing thermal efficiency in diverse industrial applications. By leveraging the insights gained from this research, manufacturers can make informed decisions to enhance heat transfer processes, particularly in areas such as metal forming and stretch dies.

Pulsatile pressure-driven non-Newtonian blood flow through a porous stenotic artery: A computational analysis

Blood flow through a narrowed artery, such as those caused by plaque buildup, can lead to various cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, studying this phenomenon is essential for developing better treatments and understanding the underlying mechanisms. In this study, a mathematical model is developed to simulate blood flow through stenotic arteries with porous walls. The familiar Navier-Stokes equations are executed to simulate flow, whereas the Carreau fluid model is employed to quantify blood rheology. This model illustrates both Newtonian and non-Newtonian characteristics depending on the shear rate. Other than that, the blood vessel is assumed to have a moderate level of stenosis with porous saturated walls. The solution of the governed partial differential equations is carried out using a finite difference scheme. Our research addresses the impacts of permeability and rheological parameters, stenosis size, Brinkman number, and Prandtl number on blood velocity, flow rate, resistance to flow, wall shear stress, and temperature distribution. The findings demonstrate that while flow resistance reduces, the velocity, shear stress, and flow rate increase with high permeability values. Conversely, as the stenosis amplitude increases, the magnitude of wall shear stresses, velocity, and flow rates decrease. In addition, blood rheology also has the potential to transfigure the aforementioned factors. We also found that the temperature distribution increases with the Brinkman number, stenosis size, permeability, and power law exponent. It drives down, however, by raising the values of Weissenberg number and Prandtl number. Collectively, our findings contribute to a better understanding of the complicated phenomena of blood flow in stenotic vessels with porous saturated walls. The findings of this study may be valuable in establishing improved therapies for cardiovascular disorders and formulating more precise mathematical models to forecast blood flow in vivo.

Characteristics of MHD Jeffery Fluid Past an Inclined Vertical Porous Plate

This paper is concerned with the study of an unsteady, MHD natural convective boundary layer flow of a viscous, incompressible and electrically conducting, non-Newtonian Jeffery fluid over a semi-infinite vertically inclined permeable moving plate embedded in a porous medium in the presence of thermal radiation, heat absorption and thermal diffusion, heat and mass transfer. . The permeability of the porous medium and the suction velocity are considered to be an exponentially decreasing function of time. The fundamental governing equations for this investigation are solved numerically using the perturbation technique. The results are presented graphically and in tabular form for various controlling parameters. The behavior of different physical parameters is shown graphically. The numerical values of Skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number are presented in a tabular form. Obtained outcomes are compared with earlier studies in the special case and strong agreement is noted. From graphical representation, it is concluded that velocity and temperature distribution increases with the mixed convection parameter and buoyancy force parameter. An increasing value of magnetic field parameter, slip parameter, and Jeffery parameter tends to reduced velocity and also raising the values of Prandtl number, radiation parameter and heat absorption parameter tends to downfallen temperature profiles. This study may be useful in several industrial applications, for example, polymer production, manufacturing of ceramics or glassware and food processing, and so forth.

Mathematical Solution for Free Convection Flow of Brinkman Type Fluid in the Channel with the Effect of Accelerated Plate

The main purpose of this research is to formulate the mathematical models and solution for the effect of accelerated plate on free convection flow in Brinkman type fluid through two vertical channels. Using the appropriate dimensionless variables, the dimensional governing energy and momentum equations are reduced to dimensionless equations subjected to the associated initial boundary conditions. The analytical solutions are obtained by using Laplace transform method. Dimensionless parameters are obtained through dimensionless processes such as Grashof number Gr, Acceleration plate parameter, R, Prandtl number Pr, Brinkman type fluid parameter and time, t. The mathematical findings for velocity and temperature are graphically plotted to investigate the influence of dimensionless variables on profiles. It is observed that fluid velocity increases with increasing of Gr and t whereas it decreases with increasing of , R and Pr. Besides that, it is found that temperature profiles decrease with a high value of Prandtl number, Pr while increase with high value of time, t. In order to validate the results, the obtained results in limiting cases are compared with the published results and also with numerical Gaver-Stehfest algorithm. Both comparisons show that the solution is to be in a mutual agreement.

Forced convection analysis of Williamson-based magnetized hybrid nanofluid flow through a porous medium: Nonsimilar modeling

The purpose of this work is to analyze the convective horizontal flow of Williamson-based magnetized hybrid nanofluid. The flow of Williamson fluid with heat transfer is stimulated in a porous media over a stretching surface. Two different type of nanoparticles such as, molybdenum disulfide ( Mo S 2 ) and copper (Cu) with engine oil (Eo) as base fluid are considered in this work. The convective flow of Williamson fluid is inspected based on Khanefer model. The governing system is transformed into nondimensionalized partial differential equations (PDE’s) by utilizing nonsimilar transformation. The transformed system is analytically approximated using local nonsimilarity (LNS) and perturbation approach which approximate the nondimensional PDE’s by nondimensional ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The LNS and perturbation ODEs are simulated utilizing finite difference-based algorithm bvp4c. The outcomes of simulation for heat transfer and convective flow over stretching surface incorporating the evolvement with local Nusselt number (Nu) for distinct values of prandtl number are compared with previous published numerical results. The appropriate range of governing nondimensionalized parameters is evaluated to detect the variance of physical quantities namely, velocity ( f ′ ( η ) ) of the fluid, temperature ( θ ′ ( η ) ) of the fluid, co-efficient of local Nusselt number (Nu) and co-efficient of local skin friction (Cf). The percentage difference between single nano-fluid and hybrid nano-fluids is made which are given in tabular form. To the best of author knowledge, nonosimilar study of hybrid-based magnetized Williamson nanofluid is not yet investigated. This work is anticipated to offer crucial information for the implementation of innovative heat transfer devices in the future and serve as an invaluable resource for researchers looking at the flow of nanofluids under various assumptions.

Direct Numerical Simulation of liquid metal forced and mixed convection in a square rod bundle

This paper reports results of Direct Numerical Simulations of fully developed, forced and mixed convection of Liquid Lead Bismuth Eutectic (LBE) around four vertical cylindrical rods arranged in a square lattice at Pr = 0.031. The solutions provided here are placed in a context where very few data are available for low-Prandtl flows, especially in mixed convection conditions, and can hence be useful for the development and validation of advanced turbulent heat transfer models. The equations are discretized using a Finite Volume implementation of a second order projection method. The irregular cylindrical boundaries are handled with an original Immersed Boundary technique. A single friction Reynolds number value is set (Reτ = 180) and buoyancy effects are accounted for by imposing the Rayleigh number, under the Boussinesq approximation. A Ra-value Ra = 2.5 ×104 is selected in order to investigate the main differences between forced and mixed convection at low Prandtl number values. Time-averaged velocity and temperature fields are shown, in order to discuss the main features of the flow and thermal fields. First order statistics are also presented, highlighting the effect of aiding buoyancy on turbulent heat and momentum transport.

Unsteady magneto porous convective transport by micropolar binary fluid due to inclined plate: An inclusive analogy

In this investigation, the consequence of viscous dissipation on the unstable magneto porous convective transport by a micropolar binary fluid due to an inclined surface with viscous dissipation and thermal radiation is examined. Viscous dissipation plays a noteworthy role in industrial applications. The governing PDEs are converted to combined ODEs with the Boussinesq approximation using a similarity analysis. The obtained non-linear ODEs are resolved using the shooting method with “ODE45 MATLAB” coding assistance. The numerical outcomes are revealed graphically for various dimensionless parameters and numbers, including temperature, concentration, velocity, and micro-rotation. The temperature, micro-rotation, and velocity fields escalate with increasing Eckert numbers. The radiation parameter and variable viscosity parameter increase the flow rate of the fluid. Increasing radiation parameters, suction parameters, and Prandtl numbers lessen the fluid temperature. The buoyancy parameters have symmetrical impacts on the velocity and microrotation of fluid particles in the cooling and heating modes. Improving Eckert number, inclined angle, Schmidt number, Prandtl number, and magnetic parameter reduces skin friction. The heat transmission rate escalates in quantity due to larger Prandtl number values. Rising Prandtl, Eckert, and Schmidt numbers accelerate the mass transfer rate. The current research result is compared to previously published article's result with good agreement.