Values Of Heat Generation Research Articles

Thermal magnetization transport analysis featuring darcian and multi-physical rheological characteristics in chemically reactive dual convective tangent-hyperbolic nanomaterial confined by vertical cone

The Soret-Dufour characteristics elaborate the phenomena of cross-diffusion where solutal gradients yield heat flux (Dufour aspect) and thermal gradients engender mass flux (Soret effect). Such consideration finds significance in multi-component fluid systems, influencing both heat-mass transportation processes. This study evaluates the porous medium characteristics in convectively heated tangent-hyperbolic nanomaterial driven by a magnetized convected cone. The analysis features Buongiorno nanomaterial model which accounts Brownian motion together with thermophoresis. Thermal transport expression which reports heat transfer characteristics is modeled by considering thermal radiation, convective thermal conditions and heat generation while mass transfer considers the chemical reaction effects. Dimensional expressions are converted into dimensionless forms deploying similarity transformations ensuing in a set of ODEs (ordinary differential expressions) which are computed by deploying bvp4c algorithm. Graphical and tabular behavior of velocity, nanoparticles concentration and temperature fields is inspected corresponding to related variables. This research highlights key findings, revealing a decrease in Nusselt number with increasing heat generation, Dufour parameter and thermophoresis parameter values while opposite trends are verified for radiation parameter values. The velocity function declines for escalating Weissenberg number, magnetic field and permeability parameters but it upsurges with material and buoyancy parameters.

Entropy generation analysis for vertical flat and corrugated surface by natural convection and radiation at constant heat flux

Previous literature has explained heat transfer by natural convection, radiation and the effect of entropy generation separately. This study focused on the entropy generation of heat transfer by natural convection and radiation instantaneously from vertical plane and corrugated surfaces. The study was carried out experimentally to test four constant heat flows on corrugated and flat surfaces made of copper foil. According to the values of heat generation for the two surfaces, natural convection accounted for 77 % while the radiation effect is 23 %. Surfaces with corrugations have a higher heat transfer coefficient than surfaces with flat surfaces by 12 %. Furthermore, the corrugated surfaces generated half the entropy of flat surfaces.

A numerical simulation of heat transfer performance on MHD nanofluids in porous metal for enhancing CPU cooling efficiency

The main goal of this study is to enhance CPU cooling efficiency using nanofluids, and the novelty of the study lies in the investigation of heat transfer and convective flow of MHD nanofluid through porous metal structures and foam heat sink/source to improve CPU cooling efficiency. The governing equations for the flow model are solved using the BVP4C with MATLAB package through shooting techniques. The effects of various parameters on velocity, temperature fields, HT and drag force are discussed through graphical simulations. The results indicate that as the Reynolds and Darcy numbers rise, fluid flow velocity undergoes unique alterations. Higher Reynolds and Darcy numbers result in cooler temperatures, while higher heat generation lead to warmer temperatures.Boosting Prandtl number improves HT by 52% with Cu nanoparticles, whereas elevating heat generation values reduce HT by 6.43% more efficiently with Cu nanoparticles than Al2O3 nanoparticles. Raising the Hartmann number would boost drag force, but the Darcy number opposes it. An increase in Hartmann number leads to a decrease in HT by 30.16% for Al2O3-H2O nanofluids and 47.81% for Cu-H2O nanofluids. The findings contribute to the development of advanced computing devices, paving the way for more efficient and reliable electronic systems in various applications.

Dual-modified LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode materials with lithium conducting hybrid oligomer and single-walled carbon nanotube for improving electrochemical performance and thermal stability of lithium-ion batteries: A novel approach for high-power and high-safety applications

In this study, we investigated the synergetic effect of a novel lithium-ion conducting hybrid oligomer [N, N′-bismaleimide-4, 4′-diphenylmethane (BMI), lithiated trithiocyanuric acid (Li-TCA) and Jeffamine®-M1000 (JA®); Li-BTJ] coating layer on a nickel-rich LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) cathode material wrapped with highly electron-conductive single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) to enhance electrochemical performance and thermal stability for high-power and high-safety lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Morphological analyses using scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy showed that the NCM811 active material surface was uniformly coated with a hybrid oligomer to form NCM811@Li-BTJ, which was subsequently wrapped with SWCNTs (NCM@Li-BTJ/SWCNT composite cathode). CR2032 coin-type cells with optimized NCM811@1 wt% Li-BTJ/0.2 wt% SWCNT composite electrodes delivered a significantly enhanced capacity retention (CR) of 90.1 % relative to that of bare NCM811 electrodes (CR: 82.1 %) at 1C for 200 cycles from 2.8 to 4.3 V (vs. Li/Li+). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry revealed that this superior cycling performance resulted from a lower charge transfer resistance (Rct: 96.2 vs. 324.3 Ω) and a lower polarization voltage (∆V: 0.243 vs. 0.411 V vs. Li/Li+). The in-situ micro-calorimetric results presented the total heat generation (Qt) values of the coin cells with the delithiated NCM811@Li-BTJ and NCM@Li-BTJ/SWCNT electrodes at 5C and 35 °C were substantially lower by ~9.3 % and ~ 14.6 %, respectively, compared to the bare NCM811 counterpart, indicating that the surface modifications on the NCM811 active materials could prevent the LIBs' thermal instability. Furthermore, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies revealed that the Li-BTJ hybrid oligomer coating layer effectively suppressed the formation of residual Li side products such as Li2CO3 evidently on the surface of the NCM811 active material particles, thereby inhibiting undesirable side reactions. Post-mortem analyses of the dual-modified NCM811 electrode after cycling revealed that the microstructure and particle morphology of the NCM composite cathode material were extensively maintained through the synergistic effects of the Li-BTJ ion-conductive and SWCNTs electron-conductive agents.

On energy balance of the tectonosphere

Purpose of this work is to refine and complete the energy balance of the Earth's tectonosphere by thermal modeling. The methodology includes a detailed comprehensive analysis of heat generation in the crust and upper mantle throughout the studied geological history of the Earth for 4.2 billion years. Results. Experimental data on radiogenic heat generation in the Earth's crust and upper mantle are summarized. The need for a separate consideration of the heat balance for regions with different endogenous regimes on platforms, in geosynclines and oceans has been established. The average values of heat generation in the crust are about 0.4–0.5 µW/m3. In the upper mantle they are 0.04, 0.06, and 0.08 µW/m3, respectively. When taking into account the thicknesses of the solid crust (about 40 km under the platforms and geosynclines and about 6 km under the oceans) and the upper mantle (430-460 km), almost the same number of sources is found under all regions. They are distributed differently. This leads to different variants of geological history. It can be assumed that there are radiogenic heat sources with an intensity of about 0.02 μW/m3 in the transition zone to the lower mantle and in the lower mantle up to about 1100 km. At greater depths in the shell (the total mass of the Earth outside the core) and core, there are no sources. The energy balance of the tectonosphere is calculated for the platforms. Over 3.6 billion years (the period over which it is possible to describe the geological history quite accurately), about 73.5·1014 J/m2 has been carried out by the heat flow. The conductive heat flow during this time carried out 59.5·1014J/m2. The difference corresponds exactly to the needs of all active processes of this period. Originality. The experimental dates of the events also coincide with those calculated by the theory (some of which are for the first time). Practical significance. For the Phanerozoic geosynclines, such control has also been partially performed. The independently determined evolution of the mass flow (which is also of practical importance) in the geological history also agrees with the calculated values.

Techno-economic assessment of retrofitted parabolic trough collector for Kalina power cycle

In this study, the integration of a Kalina cycle with a parabolic trough collector (PTC) was proposed. The PTC underwent retrofitting with a dual-layer coating on the receiver tube, consisting of an inner layer of MXene-doped black paint and an outer layer of silicon oxide anti-reflective coating. This coating configuration aimed to reduce re-radiation losses and enhance the solar absorptivity of the absorber surface. Additionally, MXene (Ti3C2) nanoparticle with weight concentration (0.05–0.3 wt%) is suspended in de-ionized water with varying flow rate (1–5 lpm) is used as heat transfer fluid owing to its superior thermophysical and heat transfer capabilities. Experimental analysis and mathematical modeling are conducted to assess thermal and economic performance. The outcomes reveals optimal weight concentration and flow rate to be 0.15 wt% and 3 lpm, respectively. Comparing conventional and coated PTCs, the maximum thermal efficiency was reported as 48.17% and 58.5%, respectively. The corresponding maximum useful heat generation values were approximately 422.72 kW and 513.312 kW. The thermal efficiency of the Kalina cycle calculated was 11.10%. The conventional PTC-driven Kalina cycle had a Levelized cost of electricity of $0.164/kWh and a payback period of 7 years. Meanwhile, the coated PTC-driven Kalina cycle had a Levelized cost of electricity of $0.15/kWh and a payback period of 6.42 years. The study's findings highlight the superior performance and economic feasibility of the coated PTC-driven Kalina cycle over the conventional PTC setup.

Non-Darcy Newtonian Liquid Flow with Internal Heat Generation using Boundary Conditions of the Third Kind of Fully Developed Mixed Convection in a Vertical Channel

An analysis of the impact of internal heat generation and other heat parameters on the temperature, velocity and rate of heat transfer of the liquid moving upward in a channel is studied. A fully developed non-Darcy flow using boundary conditions of the third kind with internal heat generation in a vertical channel is selected as the mathematical model. By utilising the similarity transformation, the governing equations are reduced to non-linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The converted ODEs are numerically solved and analysed using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta (RK4) method, incorporating a shooting technique with Newton’s method. The generated numerical algorithms are programmed in MATLAB for velocity, temperature and the local Nusselt number analysis. The numerical results of the flow and temperature variables are presented graphically. The impact of the parameters on the Nusselt number is also graphed to determine which of the three types of boundary conditions is the best for allowing heat transmission. The severity of flow reversal is increased under the Robin and Dirichlet conditions by enhancing the Darcy and Forchheimer numbers while decreasing the Brinkman and internal heat generation values. The temperature profiles improved with the increase in Brinkman numbers. Both Nusselt numbers remained constant for the Neumann boundary condition for all parameters except internal heat generation and local heat exponent. The Robin boundary condition is found to be the best facilitates heat transmission, since it delivers more pleasing and realistic results than the Dirichlet and Neumann conditions

Interaction of nanoparticles with motile gyrotactic microorganisms in a Darcy-Forchheimer magnetohydrodynamic flow- A numerical study

The present work aims to interpret the mass and heat transferal flow through Darcy Forchheimer porous medium involving, simultaneously, microorganisms and nanoparticles. The involvement of gyrotactic microorganisms in the flow of nanoparticles reinforces the thermal characteristics of several energy systems. The amalgamation of microorganisms (microbes) in the nanofluids not only enhances the thermal properties of the fluid but it also causes the stability in the flow. Some other prominent effects such as chemical reaction and heat generation have also been taken into account. The reduced form of the governing model equations is further simplified in order to obtain the algebraic system of equations. Afterward, the approximate solution is obtained by developing an algorithm in the MATLAB software. To check the validity and efficiency of code, we have correlated our numerical outcomes with the previously accomplished ones. The outcomes are explained via the tabular and graphical representations. The flow of nanofluids will be more stable if it involves the motile microorganisms. Another example of the utilization of microorganisms is the microbial-enhanced oil recovery. In order to maintain the variation in the oil bearing layers, the microorganisms along with other nutrients can be incorporated. A significant enhancement is noticed in temperature in case of an increase in the values of heat generation and thermophoresis parameter.

The effects of thermal radiation, internal heat generation (absorption) on unsteady MHD free convection flow about a truncated cone in presence of pressure work

The aim of present paper is to analyse the effect of radiation, internal heat generation (absorption) on unsteady laminar natural convective boundary layer flow over a truncated cone considering pressure work and magnetic field due to the variation in fluid flow behavior in various physical conditions. Suitable transformation is used to form system of coupled non linear partial differential equations is to governing the flow and heat transfer. These equations have been solved numerically by using an implicit finite difference scheme along with quasilinearization technique. According to numerical findings, the pressure work, internal heat generation (absorption), radiation, and magnetic field have a significant impact on both skin friction and heat transfer. Further, skin friction is found to decrease 12.13%, 30.3% and 41.67% for various values (from 0.0 to 0.5) of pressure work, magnetic field and heat generation (absorption) alongside the cone surface whereas heat transfer rate rises 17.19%, 17.65% and 73.51% respectively due to unsteadiness in the flow. It is observed that the thickness of boundary layer enhances for various values (from 0.0 to 0.5) of heat generation and radiation parameter but diminishes for pressure work and Prandtl number.

Distributed mathematical model for simulating temperature profile in landfill

Elevated Landfill temperatures have an undesirable effect on landfill cover, stability, slope and leachate migration pattern. Thus, to predict the temperature profile in the landfill a distributed numerical model using MacCormack finite difference method is developed. The developed model considers stratification of the upper and lower layers of the waste as new and old waste by assigning different values of heat generation for aerobic and anaerobic processes. Further, as the new layers of the waste get accumulated over the older layers, the density, moisture content and hydraulic conductivity of the underlying waste layers get modified. The mathematical model utilizes a predictor–corrector approach with a Dirichlet boundary at the surface and no flow condition at the bottom. The developed model is applied to the Gazipur site located in Delhi in India. A correlation coefficient of 0.8 and 0.73 is obtained between the simulated and observed temperatures in calibration and validation respectively. The result shows that the temperature at all the depths and in all the seasons was found to be higher than the atmospheric temperature. The maximum difference of 333 °C was observed in December, and the minimum difference of 22 °Cs was observed in June. The temperature rise is higher in the upper waste layers as it undergoes aerobic degradation. The locus of the maximum temperature gets modified with moisture movement. Since the developed model shows a good agreement with the field observation, it can be used to predict the temperature variation within the landfill under different climatic conditions.

Thermodynamic properties of second grade nanofluid flow with radiation and chemical reaction over slendering stretching sheet

The three-dimensional flow of non-Newtonian fluid over slendering stretching sheet is taken into account. The effects of a radiative and chemical reaction using the heat source/sink non uniformly considered in the present model. The Buongiorno model is applied to the fluid flow region. The heat and mass transfer phenomena have been applied to analyze the influence of heat generation. The governing model has been developed using the flow assumptions such as boundary layer approximations in terms of partial differential equations. The differential equations become dimensionless after implementing the transformations. The dimensionless system is further solved through a numerical scheme using the Matlab Software packages. The results of physical factors are deliberated through graphs as well as tables. The temperature curves improved due to higher values of heat generation. The heat generation improved due to the kinetic energy increase as well as the movement of particles enhanced due to the temperature increase. Curves of the temperature improved due to higher values of radiation. When the radiation falls on the fluid surface, it improved the temperature of the liquid because hot particles strike the cool particles of fluid which improved the temperature of the liquid.

Study of parabolic motion effects on fractional order simulation for unsteady MHD nanofluid flow through porous medium

This study focuses on the impact of parabolic motion on unsteady free convective MHD nanofluid flow through a permeable medium. Effects of chemical reactions, heat generation and thermal radiation are also considered. Using similarity transformation, the governing equations are transformed into dimensionless form and generalised using the Caputo fractional order derivative. For solving the dimensionless equations, a suitable Laplace transform technique is applied and obtained the analytical expression. To understand the physical aspects of these problems, approximation results are defined using MATLAB software and presented the effects of different physical parameters on concentration, velocity and temperature profiles through graphs. From the results, it is concluded that a magnetic field tends to diminish the motion of fluid whereas thermal radiation and heat generation tend to improve the momentum of flow. It is also seen that heat transfer process increases due to the increasing values of radiation and heat generation.

Experimental investigation of an alternative battery pack thermal management system

Placing the batteries in PCM (Phase Change Material) filled containers causes a thermal imbalance in the pack because the heat can be dissipated from the sides, but it is accumulated in the center. An alternative geometry is proposed and tested to solve this problem. The thermal performance of the proposed battery pack structure employing PCM has been experimentally studied in free convection conditions. The battery pack is formed by placing 12 test batteries in the same size of 26650 LiFePO4 in custom-designed aluminum (Al 6065) chamber. The single-piece chamber consists of three subchambers connected by straight, rectangular, and parallel fins. The cells are positioned in the 4S3P arrangement. Three different PCMs with different melting temperatures are utilized, and their effect on the battery pack temperature is sought under a stagnant air environment (21 °C). The pack has been tested during discharging at 2C (1.3 W), 3C (2.75 W), and 5C (7.83 W). The heat generation values are adopted from the literature. The maximum temperature in the cells and the maximum temperature deviation between the cells are monitored while the cells are being charged or discharged for different test procedures. Instead of placing PCM and cells in a single case like in studies in the literature, a tailor-made finned geometry helped provide a more homogenous temperature in the cells thanks to the finned structure on the air side. In this way, the maximum temperature difference inside the battery pack is kept below 5 °C for all cases except the extreme case of cyclic 5C discharge/charge analysis with CrodaTherm47. The maximum temperature of the battery pack could be kept below the critical value (60 °C) only when CrodaTherm37 was employed for three consecutive cycles at a discharge rate of 5C/7.83 W as the fin temperatures could be kept at the optimum level, and the PCMs latent heat can be exploited the most.

Portfolio optimization in district heating: Merit order or mixed integer linear programming?

Long-term portfolio optimization is commonly used to find the most cost-effective design and operation of a district heating system, subject to technical, financial, and environmental restrictions. Optimizing a district heating system is not trivial and demands high accuracy and high computational speed. However, existing methods addressing this problem offer one or the other but not both at the same time. The state-of-the-art method for portfolio optimization is mixed integer linear programming (MILP), which is extensively used in industry and academia but can be computing and resource-intensive for large portfolio models. This limitation has motivated the development of various options to reduce the computation time while maintaining the accuracy to a large extent. An alternative method to MILP is the merit order (MO) method, which has been used especially for power generation applications due to its simplicity and faster computation but somewhat reduced accuracy. The aim of this paper is to investigate the potential advantages and disadvantages of MO models compared to MILP models in the context of optimizing the portfolio of assets supplying a district heating network. As a study case, we analyze a large portion of the district heating network in Berlin. Four MO model variants with different levels of complexity are proposed and compared to a reference MILP model. Results suggest that MO models variants including heat storage and describing CHP plants with significant detail have the potential to reduce calculation time by nearly three orders of magnitude compared to the reference MILP model, without significantly sacrificing accuracy. In fact, differences in heat generation and net present value (NPV) between the most accurate MO model and the reference MILP model account for ±4% and −6%, respectively. Moreover, results show that combining MO and MILP models is advantageous and offers high computational speed and at the same time high accuracy, especially when a large number of runs might be necessary. MO models could thus be used prior to MILP models to perform a pre-evaluation, an exploration of sensitivities, or for downsizing the initial optimization problem. Combining MO and MILP models could result in faster and more robust decision-making, which could otherwise not be attained with any of the two options individually.

Significance of Convection and Internal Heat Generation on the Thermal Distribution of a Porous Dovetail Fin with Radiative Heat Transfer by Spectral Collocation Method.

A variety of methodologies have been used to explore heat transport enhancement, and the fin approach to inspect heat transfer characteristics is one such effective method. In a broad range of industrial applications, including heat exchangers and microchannel heat sinks, fins are often employed to improve heat transfer. Encouraged by this feature, the present research is concerned with the temperature distribution caused by convective and radiative mechanisms in an internal heat-generating porous longitudinal dovetail fin (DF). The Darcy formulation is considered for analyzing the velocity of the fluid passing through the fin, and the Rosseland approximation determines the radiation heat flux. The heat transfer problem of an inverted trapezoidal (dovetail) fin is governed by a second-order ordinary differential equation (ODE), and to simplify it to a dimensionless form, nondimensional terms are utilized. The generated ODE is numerically solved using the spectral collocation method (SCM) via a local linearization approach. The effect of different physical attributes on the dimensionless thermal field and heat flux is graphically illustrated. As a result, the temperature in the dovetail fin transmits in a decreasing manner for growing values of the porosity parameter. For elevated values of heat generation and the radiation-conduction parameter, the thermal profile of the fin displays increasing behavior, whereas an increment in the convection-conduction parameter downsizes the thermal dispersal. It is found that the SCM technique is very effective and more conveniently handles the nonlinear heat transfer equation. Furthermore, the temperature field results from the SCM-based solution are in very close accordance with the outcomes published in the literature.

Mass Transfer of a Thermally Radiative MHD Cattaneo-Christov Nanofluid between Two Stretchable Spinning Disks

The investigation on the impacts of magnetic field, thermal radiation, generation of heat and mass transfer in a porous-medium-embedded homogenous nanofluid flow between two stretchable spinning disks is crucial since spinning disks are prevalent in many engineering and technological applications. The objective of this research was to analyze the influences of these parameters using the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model against the flow’s temperature, velocity and concentration profiles. Temperature profile is a decreasing function of thermal relaxation time parameter due to the particles require a longer period to transfer heat to the next particles. The rates of heat transfer at both spinning disks decrease as values of heat generation, Eckert number, Prandtl number, Brownian diffusion, thermophoresis diffusion and rotation ratio increase. The disks’ rates of mass transfer decrease with more thermophoresis diffusion, heat generation, heat transfer dissipation, and momentum diffusivity, but they increase with thermal radiation parameter. The current work attempts to include the transport profile of a Buongiorno’s nanofluid embedded in a Darcian porous medium between dual spinning disks with magnetic field, thermal radiation and generation of heat using the heat flux model of Cattaneo-Christov’s. Von Karman transformations are utilized to transform the nonlinear partial differential equations of fluid dynamics into coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). These coupled ODEs are later solved by employing a shooting method with MATLAB bvp4c algorithm. All numerical evidences from this investigation are conferred through tables and figures after validation of present computations.

ENERGY ANALYSIS OF A HEAT PUMP AIR HANDLING UNIT FOR THE DEHUMIDIFICATION AND AIR CONDITIONING OF A PRODUCTION PREMISE

The article presents the results of thermodynamic analysis of the theoretical model of the heat pump system of ventilation, air conditioning and dehumidification of the production room with variable values of internal moisture and heat generation during the transition and warm seasons. The influence of exhaust air energy recovery on the system efficiency is established and evaluated. As a prototype was adopted blacksmith shop, where it is necessary to maintain technological conditions (temperature and relative humidity). Calculations were performed using the method of successive approximations to estimate the air parameters at the nodal points of the system. This established the theoretical refrigeration efficiency of this system and showed the benefits of energy recovery to reduce energy consumption for the system. This model can be used for the design of air handling units with a set heat pump circuit.

The study of nanofluid flow with motile microorganism and thermal slip condition across a vertical permeable surface

The present article addressed the hydromagnetic flow of a specific type of water-based nanofluid (NF) including motile microbes and nanomaterials across a permeable upright moving surface. Nanofluid bioconvection is induced by the combined interaction of buoyancy forces and magnetic fields on motile microorganisms and nanomaterials. The consequences of thermal slip condition, thermophoresis effect, Brownian motion, heat generation and absorption, Darcy Forchhemier impact, second-order chemical reaction and activation energy are all incorporated into the nonlinear system of model equations. The numerical solution of the modeled boundary value problem is achieved through the use of appropriate similarity substitution and the parametric continuation methodology (PCM). The energy, velocity, motile microbes’ density, skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are all used in the parametric assessment of flow physical characteristics. It has been perceived that the rising values of heat absorption and generation, Hartmann number and Eckert number dramatically improves the energy transfer rate. While the energy contour is lowered by increasing the values of Brownian motion parameter, Prandtl number and suction/injection.

An implication of magnetic dipole in Carreau Yasuda liquid influenced by engine oil using ternary hybrid nanomaterial

Abstract The aim of this work was to study the enhancement of thermal transportation in Carreau Yasuda liquid passed over a vertical surface in the presence of magnetic dipole. A mixture of tri-hybrid nanoparticles (Al 2 O 3 , MoS 3 , TiO 3 ) {\text{(Al}}_{2}{\text{O}}_{3}\text{,}\hspace{.25em}{\text{MoS}}_{3}{\text{, TiO}}_{3}\text{)} is inserted into the Carreau Yasuda liquid. The transport phenomenon of heat is derived in the presence of heat source/sink contribution. The concept boundary layer theory is engaged to derive the mathematical expression for momentum and energy in the form of coupled partial differential equations. The derivations are transformed into a set of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with the help of suitable similarity transformation. These converted ODEs have been handled numerically via finite element method. The grid-independent analysis is established for 300 elements. The impact of numerous involved parameters on temperature and velocity solution is plotted and their contribution is recorded. Temperature profile is inclined versus the higher values of heat generation and viscous dissipation numbers while thermal layers are also increasing the behavior. A vital role of magnetic dipole is examined to raise the production of thermal layers but declination is noticed in flow profile.

Exploration of Temperature Distribution through a Longitudinal Rectangular Fin with Linear and Exponential Temperature-Dependent Thermal Conductivity Using DTM-Pade Approximant

The present study elaborates on the thermal distribution and efficiency of a longitudinal rectangular fin with exponentially varying temperature-dependent thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficient concerning internal heat generation. Also, the thermal distribution of a fin is comparatively studied for both exponentially varying temperature-dependent thermal conductivity and linearly varying temperature-dependent thermal conductivity. Further, the thermal distribution of a longitudinal fin is examined by using ANSYS software with different fin materials. Many physical mechanisms can be explained by ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with symmetrical behavior, the significance of which varies based on the perspective. The governing equation of the considered problem is reduced to a non-linear ODE with the assistance of dimensionless terms. The resultant equation is solved analytically using the DTM-Pade approximant and is also solved numerically using Runge-Kutta Fehlberg’s fourth-fifth (RKF-45) order method. The features of dimensionless parameters influencing the fin efficiency and temperature profile are discussed through graphical representation for exponentially and linearly varying temperature-dependent thermal conductivity. This study ensures that the temperature field enhances for the higher magnitude of thermal conductivity parameter, whereas it diminishes for diverse values of the thermo-geometric parameter. Also, greater values of heat generation and heat transfer parameters enhance the temperature profile. Highlight: Thermal distribution through a rectangular profiled straight fin is examined. Linear and non-linear thermal properties are considered. The combined impact of conduction, convection, and internal heat generation is taken for modeling the energy equation of the fin. Thermal simulation is performed for Aluminum Alloy 6061 (AA 6061) and Cast Iron using ANSYS.