Value Of Different Parts Research Articles

Simulation and experimental analysis of dynamic thermal rise relaxation characteristics for dry-type distribution transformer

Abstract The temperature distribution characteristics of dry-type distribution transformers reflect their overall performance and quality. Distribution transformer daily load changes dramatically, its temperature fluctuates within a certain range. However, most of the research results on transformer temperature rise focus on the steady-state temperature characteristics of transformers, and lack of research related to dynamic temperature rise characteristics. This paper carries out a multi-physics coupling simulation and experimental verification of the dynamic temperature rise relaxation characteristics. The simulation uses the “electromagnetic-flow-thermal” multi-physics coupling analysis method to simulate the steady-state temperature rise characteristics and dynamic temperature rise relaxation characteristics of windings under different load rates. Then, this paper also explores the correlation between the dynamic temperature rise relaxation characteristics and load rate at the typical positions of high-voltage windings and low-voltage windings. The results show that the temperature rise of the winding shows the law of increasing the saturation index function with the increase of the load application time at any load rate. A quantitative characterization model of dynamic temperature rise relaxation behavior at different positions of transformer windings is constructed. It is found that the steady-state temperature rise value of different parts of the winding increases regularly as a power function with the increase of load rate, while the constant value of dynamic temperature rise relaxation time in different parts of the winding decreases as a power function with the increase of load rate. The verification results of the quantitative characterization model of dynamic temperature rise relaxation behavior show that the maximum error of the measured and theoretical steady-state temperature rise value is only 1.56 K, and the maximum error of the constant value of dynamic temperature rise relaxation time is only 0.082 h. These findings provide valuable insights into the performance and quality of dry-type distribution transformers, and can help improve their design and operation for better efficiency and safety.

Geographical and genetic clines in Dracocephalum kotschyi X Dracocephalum oligadenium hybrids: landscape genetics and genocline analyses

Conservation and management of medicinally important plants are among the necessary tasks all over the world. The genus Dracocephalum (Lamiaceae) contains about 186 perennials, or annual herb species that have been used for their medicinal values in different parts of the world as an antihyperlipidemic, analgesic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, as well as anticancer medicine. Producing detailed data on the genetic structure of these species and their response against climate change and human landscape manipulation can be very important for conservation purposes. Therefore, the present study was performed on six geographical populations of two species in the Dracocephalum genus, namely, Dracocephalum kotschyi, and Dracocephalum oligadenium, as well as their inter-specific hybrid population. We carried out, population genetic study, landscape genetics, species modeling, and genetic cline analyses on these plants. We present here, new findings on the genetic structure of these populations, and provide data on both geographical and genetic clines, as well as morphological clines. We also identified genetic loci that are potentially adaptive to the geographical spatial features and genocide conditions. Different species distribution modeling (SDM) methods, used in this work revealed that bioclimatic variables related to the temperature and moisture, play an important role in Dracocephalum population’s geographical distribution within IRAN and that due to the presence of some potentially adaptive genetic loci in the studied plants, they can survive well enough by the year 2050 and under climate change. The findings can be used for the protection of these medicinally important plant.

Effect of Salt-Induced Stress on the Calorific Value of Two Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Amur Silvergrass) Varieties

This study was designed to investigate the relationship between the caloric value and salt tolerance of two varieties of Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Amur silvergrass: M127 and M022). The salt tolerance capacity, photosynthetic characteristics, Na+ and K+ uptake by the roots and aboveground parts, and caloric value of different parts of the aboveground parts were obtained under hydroponic conditions. The results showed that M022 was more tolerant to salt stress than M127 and the former had a higher photosynthetic efficiency as well as a lower aboveground Na+ accumulation, K+ efflux, and larger K+/Na+ ratio. The calorific values of stems, spear leaves, aging leaves, and functional leaves of the two varieties showed a decreasing trend with increasing NaCl concentration. At 270 mM NaCl, the calorific values of the stems, aging leaves, functional leaves, and spear leaves was reduced by 18.10%, 46.73%, 26.11%, and 18.35% for M022 and 41.99%, 39.41%, 34.82%, and 45.09% for M127 compared to the controls, respectively. We observed that the aging leaves of M022 had a faster decline rate in calorific value than those of M127, indicating that the aging leaves of M022 preferentially isolated the harmful Na+ ion, reduced its accumulation in other parts, and increased the K+/Na+ ratio in the corresponding parts, thus inhibiting the decrease in calorific value. Following this result, it can be inferred that M022 inhibited the decline in calorific values during stress by efficiently compartmentalizing the distribution of Na+ and K+. Our results provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the efficient cultivation of salt-tolerant energy plants in saline–alkaline soil.

Ethnobotany and Phytochemical Composition of Alchornea Cordifolia in Abia State Nigeria

Alchornea cordifolia is one of the medicinal plants used in treatment of several medical challenges in Nigeria. The study was carried out to document the medicinal values of different parts of A. cordifolia in Ekebedi Oboro ancient Kingdom, and profile its bioactive constituents. The ethno-botanical survey involved oral interview of 81 randomly selected traditional medicine doctors and natives on medicinal values of A. cordifolia. The survey showed that A cordifolia is a major herb used in the treatment of various diseases in the ancient Kingdom and it is prescribed in different treatment regimens; coughs, bronchitis, post-partum bleeding, lacerations, wounds, vaginitis, diarrhea, sickle cell anaemia, venereal diseases including gonorhhea, and syphilis, and prostatitis. GC-MS fingerprinting was adopted to determine the bioactive constituents of methanol leaf extract of the plant. Phytochemical fingerprinting revealed the presence of several bioactive compounds as the major active ingredients of the plant. A total of 27 fatty acids and volatile hydrocarbons were detected in the leaf extract of the plant with 9, 12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)- methyl ester (18.42%), 9-Octadecanoic acid methyl ester (19.93%), Dodecanoic acid 1,2,3-propanetrieyl (15.87%) as most abundant ingredients. These phytochemical compounds of A. cordifolia possibly underscored its antimicrobial and therapeutic action and explains why natives use them in traditional medicine.

Comparison of Flavonoid Content, Antioxidant Potential, Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition Activity and Volatile Components Based on HS-SPME-GC-MS of Different Parts from Matteuccia struthiopteris (L.) Todaro.

Matteuccia struthiopteris is one of the most globally consumed edible ferns and widely used in folk medicine. Reports mainly focus on young fronds and the rhizome which are common edible medicinal parts. However, there are few detailed reports on other parts. Therefore, the volatile components of different parts based on HS-SPME-GC-MS were identified, and total flavonoid contents, antioxidant activities and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities were compared in order to reveal the difference of volatile components and potential medicinal value of different parts. The results showed that total flavonoid contents, antioxidant activities and volatile components of different parts were obviously different. The crozier exhibited the strongest antioxidant activities, but only underground parts exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition potential against AChE. Common volatile compounds were furfural and 2-furancarboxaldehyde, 5-methyl-. In addition, it was found that some volatile components from adventitious root, trophophyll, sporophyll and petiole were important ingredients in food, cosmetics, industrial manufacturing and pharmaceutical applications.

Comparative bioactivity evaluation and metabolic profiling of different parts of Duhaldea nervosa based on GC-MS and LC-MS.

Duhaldea nervosa (Wallich ex Candolle) Anderberg has been widely used as medicine and food additive in China for a long history. Its roots, known as Xiaoheiyao, are the mainly used medicinal part, while the other tissues of D. nervosa are ignored as non-medicinal parts despite their high biomass, resulting in a huge waste of resources. To mine and expand the medicinal values of different parts of D. nervosa, metabolic analysis by GC/LC-MS and bioactivity evaluation were performed. Based on the antioxidant activity and correlation analysis, a metabolite-related network was constructed. A total of 45 volatile and 174 non-volatile compounds were identified. Among them, caffeoylquinic acids and derivatives were more abundant in roots and flowers, while coumaroyltartaric acids and derivatives were mainly present in stems and leaves. By multivariate analysis, 13 volatile and 37 non-volatile differential metabolites were found, respectively. In the bioactivity evaluation of different parts, the order of antioxidant capacity was flowers > roots > leaves or stems. The flowers showed the highest FRAP value (354.47 μM TE/g DW) and the lowest IC50 values in the DPPH (0.06 mg/mL) and ABTS (0.19 mg/mL) assay, while higher inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase was exhibited by flowers and leaves. This study first established the similarities and differences of phytochemicals and bioactivities in D. nervosa, providing a scientific basis for developing non-medicinal parts and guiding the clinical application of this medicinal and edible herb.

Nutritional value of different parts from sea eel (Astroconger myriaster) determined by untargeted-lipidomic approach

With the diversity of consumer demands for healthy food, stricter requirements have been put forward for the product quality of sea eel (Astroconger myriaster). From the common experience, remarkable differences could be observed between different parts of the sea eel. The textures, basic nutritional compositions, and lipid compositions from seven parts of sea eel were investigated to reach a comprehensive evaluation of the nutritional value. Sea eel was high-fat fish which contained 21.65% to 22.84% crude fat from part one to part seven. The seventh segment exhibited a lower moisture content (51.32%) and higher contents of protein (22.76%), ash (2.46%), carbohydrate (0.80%). The third and fourth parts remained higher hardness and good water-holding capacity. Sea eel had sixteen fatty acids, and the tail possessed a higher proportion of n − 3/n − 6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Twenty-seven lipid species were determined in sea eel, and highly unsaturated fatty acids mainly stemmed from triglycerides, while saturated fatty acids mainly existed as diglycerides. Section six and seven were primarily diglycerides and monoglycerides. According to the characteristics of different parts, it can provide support for standardized segmentation of sea eel and quality control of different parts.

The Role of Advanced Echocardiographic Parameters of the Left Atrial Function in the Incidence of Cryptogenic Ischemic Stroke: A Review.

Stroke is one of the primary causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, including a large proportion of cryptogenic strokes. Long-term electrocardiographic monitoring is beneficial in prospective studies for detecting atrial fibrillation in patients with cryptogenic stroke. This review aimed to evaluate the advanced echocardiographic parameters and their roles in assessing left atrial (LA) function in the incidence of cryptogenic and ischemic strokes. Main resources, including PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science databases, were evaluated for articles published in English from 2010 until May 2021. LA echocardiographic parameters such as LA strain and strain rate, isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT), the mean left atrial volume index (LAVI), LA reservoir volume, systole strain rate (SSR) of left atrial appendage, and lack of LA function response to maximal exercise as measured by the LA ejection fraction during rest and exercise could be considered for assessing the risk of cryptogenic strokes and ischemic strokes. The results indicated that increased LA volumes and reduced LA strain rate were correlated with cryptogenic stroke. Advanced parameters of LA function, measured by speckle tracking echocardiography, such as strain and strain rate values in different parts of the cardiac cycle, in addition to standard measures of LA function such as LA ejection fraction and LAVI, will define an excellent understanding regarding LA myopathy and risk assessment of cryptogenic stroke, independent of considering conventional cardiovascular risk factors.

On One Problem of Controlling an Airplane-type Unmanned Aerial Vehicle with Given Intermediate Values of Different Parts of Coordinates

The mathematical model of spatial flight of an unmanned airplane-type vehicle is considered. For a linearized mathematical model of an unmanned aerial vehicle the problem of synthesis of control laws with given initial, finite values of the phase vector and intermediate values of different parts of coordinates at different moments of time is solved. A necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of program control and the corresponding motion is formulated. The control functions and corresponding phase trajectories of motion are constructed. As an application of the proposed approach, explicit expressions of the program control function and program motion are constructed for specific numerical values.

Widely targeted metabolomics analysis of different parts of kudzu.

Pueraria lobata is a traditional medicinal and edible plant. Its root is often used as a nutritional supplement, but its stems and leaves are often discarded. In this study, the types and contents of compounds in roots, stems and leaves of kudzu were studied by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 446 metabolites were identified, which were mainly divided into eight categories; 40 unique compounds were detected in roots. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences in the contents of metabolites in the roots, stems and leaves of kudzu, and the most significant differences were found in the roots and stems. Most flavonoids and terpenoids accumulated in roots, while alkaloids, flavonoid glycosides, lignans and coumarins accumulated in stems and leaves. In addition, isoflavones accumulated least in stems and most in roots. These results improved our understanding of the accumulation of metabolites in kudzu and provided a reference for the full study of the medicinal value of different parts of kudzu.

Intra-Articular Biomechanical Changes of the Meniscus and Ligaments During Stance Phase of Gait Circle after Different Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgical Procedures: A Finite Element Analysis.

The debate on the superiority of single- or double-bundle for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction has not ceased. The comparative studies on intra-articular biomechanics after different surgical reconstructions are rare. This study is to evaluate the biomechanical stress distribution intra-knee after single- and double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction by three-dimensional finite element analysis, and to observe the change of stress concentration under the condition of vertical gradient loads. In this study, magnetic resonance imaging data were extracted from patients and healthy controls for biomechanical analysis. Patients included in the three models were matched in age and sex. The strength and distribution of induced stresses were analyzed in two frequently used procedures, anatomical single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and anatomical double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, using femoral-graft-tibial system under different loads, to mimic a post-operation mechanical motion. The three-dimensional finite-element models for normal ligament and two surgical methods were applied. A vertical force simulating daily walking was performed on the models to assess the interfacial stresses and displacements of intra-articular tissues and ligaments. The evaluation results mainly included the stress of each part of ligament and meniscus. The stress values of different parts of three models were extracted and compared. The stress of ligament/graft at femoral side of three finite-element models was significantly higher than at tibial side, while the highest level was observed in single-bundle reconstruction finite-element model. With the increase of force, the maximum stress in the medial (7.1-7.1 MPa) and lateral (4.9-7.4 MPa) meniscus of single-bundle reconstruction finite-element model shifted from the anterior horn to the central area (p=0.0161, 0.0479, respectively). The stress was shown to be at a lower level at femoral side and posterior cruciate ligament of intra-knee in two reconstruction finite-element models than that in normal finite-element models, while presented higher level at the tibial side than normal knee (p=0.3528). The displacement of the femoral side and intra-knee areas in reconstruction finite-element models was greater than that in normal finite-element model (p=0.0855). Compared with the single-bundle technique, the graft of double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction has better stress dissipation effect and can prevent postoperative meniscus tear more effectively.

Regional hemodynamics characteristics in patients with non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy

BACKGROUND: Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) takes the first place in the total amount of acute vascular optic neuropathy cases. There is no common understanding of pathogenetic mechanisms of disease. This is largely due to the absence of direct optic nerve head blood flow registration method in ophthalmology.
 AIM: The aim of this work is to evaluate ocular hemodynamics using different methods in patients with non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: 73 patients were enrolled in the study. 46 patients (46 eyes) with NAION were included in the first group. Control group was composed of 27 patients (50 eyes) with systemic risk factors of NAION without any retinal and optic nerve diseases. Regional hemodynamics parameters were evaluated with ophthalmosphigmography, ophthalmoplethysmography, ophthalmoreography, OCT-angiography and EDI-OCT.
 RESULTS: Blood flow values in different parts of the choroid did not statistically differ between groups when using ophthalmosphigmography, ophthalmoplethysmography, ophthalmoreography methods. Radial peripapillary capillaries in optic nerve head area were evaluated, and statistically significant difference was found in all sectors.
 CONCLUSION: The main component of NAION pathogenesis is a decreasing perfusion pressure in paraoptic short posterior ciliary arteries. Blood flow in choroid does not play an important role in the disease pathogenesis.

Combined Metabolome and Transcriptome Analyses Reveal the Flavonoids Changes and Biosynthesis Mechanisms in Different Organs of Hibiseu manihot L.

Hibiseu manihot L. (Jinhuakui, JHK), also known as a garden landscape plant, is widely cultivated as a landscape plant having pharmacological effects due to its high flavonoids content. Although flavonoids were the main active pharmaceutical ingredients in JHK, little information was obtained about the content, composition, and accumulation pattern of flavonoids in different tissues. Most studies only identified a few kinds of flavonoids in JHK limited by separation and identification problems. Therefore, combined metabolome and transcriptome analysis was performed to explore the accumulation patterns and biosynthesis mechanisms of flavonoids in JHK. In this study, we identified 160 flavonoids in 15 samples of JHK (flower, leaf, root, stem, and seeds) by using LC-MS/MS. Consistent with the total flavonoid content determination, these flavonoids were significantly accumulated in flowers, followed by leaves, stems, roots, and seeds. Among them, certain flavonoids, with high content, were also identified for the first time in JHK, such as tricetin, catechin, hesperidin, ncyanidin-3-O-sambubioside, astragalin, procyanidin B2/B3/C1, apigenin-5-O-glucoside, etc. Different tissues underwent significantly reprogramming of their transcriptomes and metabolites changes in JHK, particularly in the flavonoid, flavone, and flavonol biosynthesis pathways. We conducted a correlation analysis between RNA-seq and LC-MS/MS to identify the key genes and related flavonoids compounds, rebuild the gene-metabolites regulatory subnetworks, and then identified 15 key genes highly related to flavonoids accumulation in JHK. These key genes might play a fine regulatory role in flavonoids biosynthesis by affecting the gene expression level in different organs of JHK. Our results could be helpful for the improvement of the market/industrial utilization value of different parts of JHK, to pave the way for the regulatory mechanism research of flavonoids biosynthesis, and provide insight for studying the production quality improvement of JHK.

A Critical Discourse Analysis of the Value of Multicultural Awareness Represented in an EFL Textbook

Learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) in contexts with limited multinational and transcultural backgrounds, such as Saudi Arabia, should be able to communicate with people from different cultural and linguistic backgrounds. Students’ awareness should be enriched with an understanding of the diversity among people around the world. EFL textbooks are one of the platforms for raising students’ awareness of cultural and linguistic differences. This study aimed to explore the cultural content of an EFL textbook taught at an international primary school in Saudi Arabia via the adoption of critical discourse analysis as a methodological approach. It focused on the multicultural values represented in the EFL textbook geared toward teaching senior primary school students. The study identified a number of values, including fostering positive perspectives concerning old tribes and people, appreciating the lives of other people, respecting the hard efforts made by some nations and understanding different cultural values in different parts of the world. There is found a lack of consideration of the cultural values of some countries in Africa, the Middle East and the Far East. Therefore, this study implicates stakeholders in Saudi Arabia to demand their cultural values be depicted in teaching and educational material.

Magnetic resonance imaging reconstruction algorithm under complex convolutional neural network in diagnosis and prognosis of cerebral infarction.

This study was to explore the application value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) image reconstruction model based on complex convolutional neural network (CCNN) in the diagnosis and prognosis of cerebral infarction. Two image reconstruction methods, frequency domain reconstruction network (FDRN) and image domain reconstruction network (IDRN), were introduced based on the CCNN algorithm. In addition, they were integrated to form two new MRI image reconstruction models, namely D-FDRN and D-IDRN. The peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) value and structural similarity index measure (SSIM) value of the image were compared and analyzed before and after the integration. The MRI images of patients with cerebral infarction in the dataset were undertaken as the data source, the average diffusion coefficient (DCavg) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of different parts of the MRI image were measured, respectively. The correlation of the vein abnormality grading (VABG) to the infarct size and the degree of stenosis of the responsible vessel was analyzed in this study. The results showed that the PSNR and SSIM values of the MRI reconstructed image of the D-IDRN algorithm based on the CCNN algorithm in this study were higher than those of other algorithms. There was a positive correlation between the VABG and the infarct size (r = 0.48 and P = 0.002), and there was a positive correlation between the VABG the degree of stenosis of the responsible vessel (r = 0.58 and P < 0.0001). The ADC value of the central area of the infarct on the affected side was significantly greatly lower than that of the normal side (P < 0.01), and the DCavg value of the central area of the infarct was much lower in contrast to the normal side (P < 0.05). It indicated that an image reconstruction algorithm constructed in this study could improve the quality of MRI images. The ADC value and DCavg value changed in the infarct central area could be used as the basis for the diagnosis of cerebral infarction. If the vein was abnormal, the patient suffered from severe vascular stenosis, large infarction area, and poorer prognosis.

The differences in the nitrogen isotope composition between a maize hybrid and its parents

ABSTRACT Understanding of nitrogen stable isotope variation in maize hybrids might help obtaining information on nitrogen absorption and distribution in different maize hybrids. In this study, we examined the nitrogen isotopic composition of different parts of maize hybrids under a laboratory culture experiment. The results showed that the δ15N values of different parts of the maize hybrid and its parents were ordered as follows: δ15Nstem>δ15Nleaf>δ15Nroot. The variation pattern of δ15N between the roots and leaves(Δδ15Nroot-leaf) of the maize hybrid was the same as that of δ15N between the roots and stems (Δδ15Nroot-stem). Therefore, the order of Δδ15Nroot-leaf as well as Δδ15Nroot-stem was as follows: Δδ15Nroot-leaf of the maize hybrid>Δδ15Nroot-leaf of the female parent (T4)>Δδ15Nroot-leaf of the male parent (803) and Δδ15Nroot-stem of the maize hybrid>Δδ15Nroot-stem of the female parent (T4)>Δδ15Nroot-stem of the male parent (803). This order is consistent with heterosis, indicating that differences in δ15N reflect the phenomenon of heterosis. The present study provides data in support of using the isotope technique to determine nitrogen distributions inside a plant and guide crossbreeding.

Physicochemical and Phytochemical Studies on Sphaeranthus indicus Linn. with HPTLC Fingerprinting

Ayurveda, the oldest paradigm of health and healing known to the world, grew out of the Rishi tradition. The medical and research community is constantly seeking for new natural agents. Sphaeranthus indicus Linn. (Gorakhmundi, Family: Asteraceae), is widely used in Ayurvedic system of medicine to treat various diseases. The present investigation was designed to perform physicochemical and phytochemical analysis with HPTLC fingerprints of Sphaeranthus indicus (leave, flower, and stem) to establish the standard parameters of this herb. Different analytical parameters like extractive values, total ash, acid insoluble ash and water-soluble ash, moisture content, pH values of different parts of the drug were performed. Preliminary phytochemical screening was done to detect and quantify different active constituents such as alkaloids, flavanoids, proteins and total poly phenol using various analytical methods. Our preliminary data of phytochemical screening of the extracts revealed the presence of steroids, carbohydrates, proteins, terpenoid, flavonoid, tannins, alkaloids, resin and saponin. In the current study we established the HPTLC fingerprint of the extract using phytochemical standards. We believe that our study provides a substantial data for identification, purification, standardization, and phytochemical characterization of novel therapeutic compounds that can be used potential drug to combat various diseases for betterment of mankind.&#x0D; Keywords: Sphaeranthus indicus, Ayurveda, physicochemical, UV- Spectrophotometer, HPTLC

Optimal Remanufacturing Service Resource Allocation for Generalized Growth of Retired Mechanical Products: Maximizing Matching Efficiency

Maximizing the residual value of retired products and reducing process consumption and resource waste are vital for Generalized Growth-oriented Remanufacturing Services (GGRMS). Under the GGRMS, the traditional product-oriented remanufacturing methods to be changed: the products in GGRMS should be divided into multiple parts for maximizing residual value of different parts. However, this increases the difficulty of resource matching for service activities. To improve the efficiency of resource matching, we first used rough-fuzzy number and structural entropy weighting method to perform a coupling analysis on all service activities in the generalized growth scheme set, and to merge redundant service activities. We then considered the interests of both the service providers and integrators and added flexible impact factors to establish a service resource optimization configuration model, and solved it with the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II). Finally, we, using a retired manual gearbox an experiment, optimized the service resource allocation for its generalized growth scheme set. The experimental results shown that the overall matching efficiency was increased by 74.56% after merging redundant service activities, showing that the proposed method is suitable for the resource allocation of the generalized growth for complex single mechanical products, and can offer guidelines to the development of RMS.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND NUTRITIVE VALUE OF HEDYSARUM FLEXUOSUM L. ACCORDING TO MORPHOLOGICAL PARTS AND PHAENOLOGICAL STAGES

The objective of this work is to evaluate the chemical composition and nutritive value of different parts of the Hedysarum flexuosum plant and their evolution according to the different phaenological stages, in order to retain the most appropriate harvesting stage. The data are based on the results of chemical composition analysis of the three main parts of the plant (whole plant, stems only and leaves only) according to the phaenological stages (Mid-vegetative, vegetative growth, Budding, flowering, seed setting and seed ripening ). At the budding stage, the chemical composition of the whole plant is much better, especially in terms of protein content, which reaches 225 g/kg of dry matter, Hedysarum flexuosum should be harvested or grazed at the bud stage, at the latest at the beginning of flowering.

Deformation analysis of deep foundation pit excavation in China under time–space effect

The excavation of a deep foundation pit often causes deformation, so it is of great value to analyse the issue. In this study, the space–time effect of foundation pit deformation was introduced, and then the deformation of a deep foundation pit in Anyang, China, was monitored and analysed. The results showed that the displacement of the foundation pit enclosure structure increased gradually with the progress of the project, and there was a gap between the displacement values of different parts. The maximum displacement at the middle point of the long side was 13 mm, and that of the corner was only 5 mm. The vertical displacement of the surrounding buildings increased with the progress of the project, and the displacement value near the corner of the foundation pit was relatively small. The closer the surrounding pipelines were to the middle point of the foundation pit, the larger the displacement value was, and the displacement value also increased with the progress of the project. The results of this study show that the deformation of a deep foundation pit accords with the time–space effect, which provides some references for the deformation analysis of deep foundation pit engineering.