Values Of Others Research Articles

Faithful reflections: Understanding LGBT spirituality

Spirituality is one aspect of transpersonal psychology that cannot be separated. Spirituality involves a search for the transcendent. The experience of spirituality can be felt by all individuals, including by LGBT people who are considered by society to be against religious norms. The meaning of God felt by LGBT people is undoubtedly different. This study aims to describe the spirituality experienced by LGBT people. The literature review was conducted on lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender subjects. The results of the literature review found that LGBT individuals have an understanding of religious values that affect their experience of spirituality. The way they get closer to God is not only by praying, worshiping, and visiting synagogues but also by implementing humanitarian values for others. This study shows how LGBT people experience spirituality.

Conservatism in response to rising universalism? Linking individuals' conservation values, right‐wing attitudes, and nationalism to perceived prevalence of universalism among fellow citizens

AbstractIncreased openness and tolerance have marked the twenty‐first century, yet recent years witnessed a decline marked by nationalist movements and reduced support for diversity. We explore the potential link between these two societal changes by examining the association between the perception of universalism values in society and the endorsement of conservation values, right‐wing political attitudes, and nationalism in Poland. Across six correlational studies (total N = 2644), perception of the prevalence of universalism values in fellow citizens was positively linked to one's endorsement of conservation values, right‐wing political attitudes, and nationalism. These links were (a) stronger when participants believed that a considerable part of society still supported conservation values and (b) underlined by a greater perception of the threat posed by universalism values to the traditional way of living. The experimental results (N = 307) did not support causal link between these links but only the underlying role of perceiving a threat from universalism to society, particularly when participants perceived high universalism and conservation values in others. However, this effect was observed only when controlling for one's endorsement of conservation values and the perception of threat from conservation values.

HUMOR in Leadership

HUMOR is an acronym for remembering essential elements for building a strong leadership foundation. Each element offers an opportunity for connectivity with those you lead. The elements also enable a leader to acknowledge the value of others, facilitate the continued development of skill sets, and enable the most productive application of those skills.

Children’s voices on their values and moral dilemmas when being cared and treated for cancer– a qualitative interview study

BackgroundChildhood cancers affect about 350 children every year in Sweden and are life-threatening diseases. During the treatment period, situations arise that can become morally challenging for the child. When knowing children’s values and morally challenging situations in childhood cancer care, targeted ethics support could be developed and used in care.AimTo explore children’s values and moral dilemmas ​​when undergoing cancer treatment.MethodsThis is a qualitative study based on empirical data. The data collection was conducted through three focus group interviews and six individual interviews with children between 10 and 18 years (n = 16). A content analysis methodology was used to generate themes. Children who were/have been treated for cancer at three childhood cancer centres in Sweden were invited to participate. The study was approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority. The children’s participation was based on voluntariness and consent/assent.FindingsDuring the analysis, five themes of values emerged: Personal relationships, Bodily ease and identity, Feeling in control and being involved, Positive distractions and Right care that is needed. Their moral dilemmas were thematized into: Should I consider others or not? Should I rest or not? and Should I refuse treatment or not?ConclusionChildren undergoing cancer treatment want to have personal relationships with healthcare professionals. Their moral dilemmas were about questioning their own physical and psychological well-being against their expectations, the values of others and the treatment required. Further research is needed to understand how to deal with moral dilemmas in children undergoing cancer treatment.

The Application of Islamic Principles on Entrepreneurship Competence Development Framework

Entrepreneurship is when you act on opportunities or ideas and transform them into value for others. The value that is created can be financial, cultural, or social. Entrepreneurship has been proven as an important key to propelling economic growth and the world is in an urgent need of more competent entrepreneurs. Several institutions and scholars have attempted to create a framework to develop this important competence. The European Union has developed the most comprehensive one, which is called the Entrepreneurship Competence Development Framework (EntreComp). Despite its comprehensiveness, the framework is based on a humanism perspective, which negates the supernatural existence and advocates achieving immediate worldly goals and unconstrained creativity. Consequently, EntreComp is incompatible with the Islamic perspective, which puts a transcendental being (God) as the foundation and axis of all things. The vision of this research is to develop a competent Muslim entrepreneur (Muslimpreneur) through establishing a practical framework called Muslimpreneurship Competence Development Framework (MCDF). The research was qualitative and exploratory. The Islamisation of Knowledge methodology was applied to synthesise the EntreComp to establish a practical MCDF. The EntreComp was instilled and enriched with core Islamic principles and teachings, making the competence development framework more compatible, comprehensive, and effective for Muslim end users.

Promoting the Use of Electric Vehicles on Social Media: The Effects of Message Framing, Point of Reference, and Political Affiliation on Perceived Information Value for Others and Purchase Intentions

This study examined how message framing, reference points, and political affiliation influence audiences’ perceived information value for others and purchase intentions regarding an organization’s promotion of electric vehicles (EVs) on social media. The results from an experiment showed that participants (n = 506) evaluated posts emphasizing benefits for the self of purchasing an EV to have greater information value for the recipients in their network than posts highlighting benefits for the environment. When political affiliation was considered, the effects of framing and reference points were only observed among Democrats. Democrats found self/gain and environment/loss posts to have greater information value for others. No significant effects were found regarding message framing, reference points, or their interactions on purchase intentions.

Improving Cultural Humility Among Pediatric Patients With Complex Medical Needs.

It is not possible for every physician and patient to originate from the exact same circumstances. Because of this impossibility, the dynamics between the patient, caregivers, and physician are extremely important to prevent mistrust, disputes, de-emphasizing the values of others, or miscommunication. Similar to how many diverse groups exist in society so, too, are there numerous factors for influencing how medical care is provided and received. Multiple studies demonstrate the inequalities of access and quality of health care in pediatric primary care as well as increased morbidity and mortality rates. This may be even more prevailing within racial and ethnic communities, which are often underserved populations. This article presents an evaluation of cultural humility and how the awareness of differing viewpoints, values, and norms can assist and improve the medical care of pediatric patients with chronic complex conditions. [Pediatr Ann. 2024;53(3):e88-e92.].

The Structures of Political, Economic, and Socio-cultural Rhetorical Narratives on Social Media

This research was conducted on the ground of the reason for the increasingly widespread use of narratives on various social media platforms. Narrative is an event whereby someone represents an event aiming to influence the understanding, emotions and values of others. This study qualitatively aims to capture the most common elements of narrative structure focusing on political, economic, and socio-cultural rhetorical narratives data originated from social media platforms. The theoretical model of narrative structure consisting of Abstract, Orientation, Complicating Actions, Resolution, Evaluation and Coda, as proposed by Labov and Waletzky was used to analyze the narrative data collected during the first four months of 2022. On the ground of social situated meanings, the findings show that the most common model of narrative structure is fully used whenever greater details of events, facts, or information are needed to be emphasized. For such reasons, all the elements of narrative structure are held to be obligatory. The findings show that some elements of narrative structure are left out and held to be optional as such elements are not considered necessary to convey the main content. In addition, the findings also show that some particular element allows it to be further developed with more embedded events, facts, opinion, or information.

Professional preparation of teachers to form foreign language culture as a condition of socialization of schoolchildren

Relevance. The relevance of the studied problem of the formation of foreign language culture in the process of teaching schoolchildren lies in the fact that a modern teacher should be competent in the issue of intercultural socialization, an integral part of which is the common culture of different groups of society, and their communication. Purpose. The purpose of the scientific article is to determine the approaches in the professional activities of teachers to the issue of foreign language culture, as an important tool in the social life of students. Methodology. Methods of comparison, analysis and synthesis, systematization, and generalization were used. Results. In a deep sense, the socialization of an individual is largely determined by the totality of his/her capabilities at the intercultural level for foreign language communication, which is an adequate and correct interaction with other nations and their different cultures. In modern conditions, teachers face the important task of educating students in the qualities necessary for their general socialization. Such qualities include the process of assimilation of both one�s own culture and a foreign one, the definition of one�s own norms and values, as well as an understanding of the values of others. Understanding a foreign language culture is not only a factor of socialization, but, firstly, an important component of self-education. Conclusions. The research concludes that effective teacher training in foreign language culture and intercultural communication is crucial for developing students' socialization skills and fostering multilingualism in education, particularly within the context of Kazakhstan's educational system. Keywords: educational process; communication; competence; multilingualism; personality

Constructing a robust data envelopment analysis model to evaluate the profitability efficiency of banks with financial loss

ABSTRACT This paper introduces a robust data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to address the limitations of traditional models in handling nonpositive data and applies it to measure the profitability efficiency of banks, including those facing financial losses. The proposed model offers several advantages over current approaches. The model is designed to resist the influence of extreme values and effectively handle variables with positive values for some banks and nonpositive values for others, can be applied under various returns-to-scale conditions and does not require any prior knowledge, overcomes the lack of translation invariance, considers nonradial input or output slack, and uses benchmark targets with economic interpretation. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate its effectiveness, and the results are compared with those obtained from commonly used methods, highlighting its superior performance in handling nonpositive data. Finally, the proposed method is applied to measure the profitability efficiency of commercial banks, demonstrating its practicality in real-world scenarios.

Should non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) be used for fetal sex determination? Perspectives and experiences of healthcare professionals.

Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) can not only accurately detect early in pregnancy the presence of chromosomal abnormalities but also fetal sex. However, whether fetal sex should be reported after performing NIPT is ethically contentious. In Belgium, NIPT is practically fully reimbursed and offered to all pregnant women as a first-tier screening. In practice, fetal sex is reported upon request of the expectant parents; however, this is not stipulated in guidelines. As more countries are offering NIPT and looking to implement it in public healthcare, challenges and insights of healthcare professionals working in Belgium can be of value for others. We assessed healthcare professionals' experiences with and perspectives on sex determination and reporting following NIPT in Belgium by conducting a semi-structured interview study. We interviewed 30 professionals involved in prenatal screening. While overall healthcare professionals did not consider reporting fetal sex to be an issue if the expectant parents want to know, some consider the reporting of a non-medical trait like fetal sex problematic when it is reimbursed or if it could lead to sex-selective termination of pregnancy. Moreover, the strong desire of expectant parents to know fetal sex risks compromising informed decision-making about NIPT. In this way, fetal sex may distract from the primary aim of NIPT as a test for medical conditions. Improving pre-test counseling both in terms of quality and availability may help overcome some of these issues.

System identifiability in a time-evolving agent-based model.

Mathematical models are a valuable tool for studying and predicting the spread of infectious agents. The accuracy of model simulations and predictions invariably depends on the specification of model parameters. Estimation of these parameters is therefore extremely important; however, while some parameters can be derived from observational studies, the values of others are difficult to measure. Instead, models can be coupled with inference algorithms (i.e., data assimilation methods, or statistical filters), which fit model simulations to existing observations and estimate unobserved model state variables and parameters. Ideally, these inference algorithms should find the best fitting solution for a given model and set of observations; however, as those estimated quantities are unobserved, it is typically uncertain whether the correct parameters have been identified. Further, it is unclear what 'correct' really means for abstract parameters defined based on specific model forms. In this work, we explored the problem of non-identifiability in a stochastic system which, when overlooked, can significantly impede model prediction. We used a network, agent-based model to simulate the transmission of Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) within hospital settings and attempted to infer key model parameters using the Ensemble Adjustment Kalman Filter, an efficient Bayesian inference algorithm. We show that even though the inference method converged and that simulations using the estimated parameters produced an agreement with observations, the true parameters are not fully identifiable. While the model-inference system can exclude a substantial area of parameter space that is unlikely to contain the true parameters, the estimated parameter range still included multiple parameter combinations that can fit observations equally well. We show that analyzing synthetic trajectories can support or contradict claims of identifiability. While we perform this on a specific model system, this approach can be generalized for a variety of stochastic representations of partially observable systems. We also suggest data manipulations intended to improve identifiability that might be applicable in many systems of interest.

Связь моральной направленности принимаемых решений в ситуациях потенциального кибербуллинга с индивидуально-психологическими особенностями студентов

Background. The Internet environment creates a special reality for communication, in which socially accepted systems of norms and values are often no longer valid. In conflict situations, the anonymity of Internet communication may reduce the degree of personal moral responsibility for the “digital deeds” and lead to the choice of unethical ways of behaviour, which include cyberbullying. Highlighting the system of cognitive and personal factors involved in the regulation of the moral orientation of behaviour in online communication is an urgent scientific task. Objective. The aim is to explore the regulation of moral orientation in decision-making in situations containing possibility of cyberbullying. The following psychological features of students are considered: the level of moral development, the level of communicative skill development, the perception of cyberbullying as a phenomenon. Study Participants. The sample included 85 respondents of varying ages, ranging from 18 to 26 years old (M = 21; SD = 1.8). Methods. The study engaged the following materials: the “Justice-Care” technique by S.V. Molchanov; communication skills test by L. Michelson (adapted by Yu.Z. Gilbukh); authors' techniques “Open questions” and “Case-method” applied for identifying the content of ideas about cyberbullying and orientation of decision-making (ethical/unethical) in situations of potential cyberbullying. Results. A significant positive correlation (ρ-Spearman; p < 0.05) was found between the ethical choice of decisions in situations of potential cyberbullying, subscales of moral development (“Self-sacrifice”, “Self-respect”) and the content of ideas about cyberbullying. Moreover, significant negative correlations (ρ-Spearman; p < 0.05) were identified between the unethical choices in the investigated situations, subscale of “Preconventional” level of moral development, and communication skills. Conclusions. The moral orientation of the decisions we make in situations of potential cyberbullying is significantly related to the following individual psychological features of students: (1) students who often choose ethical decisions have fully formed ideas about cyberbullying as a phenomenon, they do not prioritize their own interests and consider the values of others; (2) students who choose unethical decisions have low level of development of communication skills, look for personal gain in communication and less often consider the values of other people.

Lists of children’s traits for measuring parental values: from the perspective of Schwartz's typology

This article examines techniques for measuring parental values in key studies from the 1920s to the 2010s. Lists of prompts with desired qualities of children offered to respondents for selection or evaluation are analyzed in termsof Schwartz's value typology, which includes dimensions of conservation –openness to change and self-enhancement – self-transcendence. It is found that questionnaires tend to detail socially oriented values more than individualistic values, with a stronger emphasis on hierarchical sociality qualities such as obedience, neatness, good manners, and less emphasis on altruistic behaviors. Individualistic values of autonomy, self-enhancement and hedonism are not always adequately reflected in the questionnaires, which may be due to the restrictive nature of values for others compared to values for oneself.

Comparison of two different artificial neural network models for prediction of soil penetration resistance

A time-varying, nonlinear soil-plant system contains many unknown elements that can be quantified based on analytical methodologies. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are a widely used mathematical computing, modelling, and predicting method that estimates unknown values of variables from known values of others. This paper aims to simulate relationship between soil moisture, bulk density, porosity ratio, depth, and penetration resistance and to estimate soil penetration resistance with the help of ANNs. For this aim, the Generalized Regression Neural network (GRNN) and Radial Basis Function (RBF) models were developed and compared for the estimation of soil penetration resistance values in MATLAB. A dataset of 153 samples was collected from experimental field. From the 153 data, 102 data (33%) were selected for training and the remaining 51 data (67%) were used for testing. The estimation process was implemented 10 replications using randomly selected testing and training data. Mean Squared Error (MSE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) were used to evaluate estimation accuracy on the developed ANN methods. Based on MSE, RMSE, MAE and Standard Deviation (SD), statistical results showed that the GRNN modelling presented better results than the RBF model in predicting soil penetration resistance success.

Entrepreneurial Learning: Creating Value towards Social Justice

Economic equality contributes towards social justice through equal access to opportunities for employment, income generation, or starting businesses. Entrepreneurship is often viewed as the panacea for job creation and reducing unemployment. Entrepreneurship education, therefore, supports the development and expansion of learners’ knowledge and understanding of entrepreneurship. The notion is that when more learners opt to become entrepreneurs, economic inequality will be reduced. Entrepreneurship education continues to be studied for its contribution towards attaining social justice through economic equality. Recent literature, however, indicates a notable shift towards embracing a broader perspective of entrepreneurship education rather than only lauding it for its economic value creation. Numerous contemporary publications use the term entrepreneurial learning rather than entrepreneurship education. This shift emphasises the role of learners to learn self-directedly so as to think entrepreneurially or behave in an entrepreneurial manner rather than educators teaching them to “become entrepreneurs” (i.e., starting a business). Entrepreneurial learning intends to benefit not only the entrepreneurship learner but also purposefully endeavours to create value for others. The current conceptual paper focuses on this broader value-creation purpose of entrepreneurial learning and how this different view can contribute to attaining social justice if embedded in the South African school curriculum using a socio-constructivist theoretical framework. Conceptual recommendations are made for the optimal construction of entrepreneurial learning in upcoming curriculum adaptations to buttress its broader value-creation purpose in support of social justice.

Education in collaboration with cities: the intentions of transdisciplinary courses

Purpose In collaboration with their home cities, universities increasingly develop courses in which students investigate urban sustainability challenges. This paper aims to understand how far-reaching the collaboration with urban stakeholders in these courses is and what students are meant to learn from the transdisciplinary pedagogies. Design/methodology/approach This research is designed as a qualitative multiple-case study into the intentions of transdisciplinary courses in which universities collaborate with their home cities: Delft University of Technology in Delft and Amsterdam Institute for Advanced Metropolitan Solutions in Amsterdam. The study compares the written intentions of eight courses in course descriptions with the ideal intentions that teachers describe in interviews. Findings First, seven of the eight investigated courses were designed for urban stakeholders to participate at a distance or as a client but rarely was a course intended to lead to a collaborative partnership between the city and students. Second, the metacognitive learning objectives, such as learning to deal with biases and values of others or getting to know one’s strengths and weaknesses in collaboration, were often absent in the course descriptions. Learning objectives relating to metacognition are at the heart of transdisciplinary work, yet when they remain implicit in the learning objectives, they are difficult to teach. Originality/value This paper presents insight into the levels of participation intended in transdisciplinary courses. Furthermore, it shows the (mis)alignment between intended learning objectives in course descriptions and teachers’ ideals. Understanding both the current state of transdisciplinarity in sustainability courses and what teachers envision is vital for the next steps in the development of transdisciplinary education.

Broken Arrows: Hardy-Unruh Chains and Quantum Contextuality.

Hardy and Unruh constructed a family of non-maximally entangled states of pairs of particles giving rise to correlations that cannot be accounted for with a local hidden-variable theory. Rather than pointing to violations of some Bell inequality, however, they pointed to apparent clashes with the basic rules of logic. Specifically, they constructed these states and the associated measurement settings in such a way that the outcomes satisfy some conditionals but not an additional one entailed by them. Quantum mechanics avoids the broken 'if …then …' arrows in such Hardy-Unruh chains, as we call them, because it cannot simultaneously assign truth values to all conditionals involved. Measurements to determine the truth value of some preclude measurements to determine the truth value of others. Hardy-Unruh chains thus nicely illustrate quantum contextuality: which variables do and do not obtain definite values depends on what measurements we decide to perform. Using a framework inspired by Bub and Pitowsky and developed in our book Understanding Quantum Raffles (co-authored with Michael E. Cuffaro), we construct and analyze Hardy-Unruh chains in terms of fictitious bananas mimicking the behavior of spin-12 particles.

The change agent teaching model: Educating entrepreneurial leaders to help solve grand societal challenges

Higher education is increasingly expected to educate change agents who can help with solving grand societal challenges. Social and sustainable entrepreneurship (SSE) education and social and sustainable leadership (SSL) education provide promising directions to develop the education that prepares these students for their future roles. However, both educations are part of different research streams and have their respective pedagogical approaches. In this systematic literature review, we identify the differences and similarities between SSE and SSL education. We used the teaching model framework to map systematically the elements of the teaching and learning process. Our results show that the different streams share the aim of educating change agents in authentic, collaborative learning processes that are experiential in nature and challenge students to create value for others. However, SSE education focuses more on creating societal value, whereas SSL education captures the personal development of students. Based on the review, we present an overarching teaching model for educating change agents. Our teaching model can guide practitioners to design change agent education. It illustrates the urgency to change pedagogies fundamentally and how students, staff, and teaching infrastructures should be approached using such pedagogies to realize impactful change agent education.

Why and how you matter: learning development as everyday leadership

For the learning developers, operating within the third space in higher education (between academic-faculty positions, and professional/learning services and administration) brings its rewards through supporting students and staff to succeed. However, well-documented challenges, such as uncertainty around own professional identity; own place in the institutional culture and infrastructure; entitlement to CPD; and career progression trajectory (Silvey, Pejcinovic and Snowball, 2018; Obexer, 2020; Clark, 2021). Learning Developers who often are employed as both academics and professional services may find themselves grappling with finding ways to capture and evidence impact of their activity on their students’ academic and broader experience and proving their worth to their institution and the sector on the whole (Riggio, 2020). Our institutions may feel like worlds of academic standards and managerial constraints, neither of which helps reinforce the feeling of empowerment and belonging among learning developers.
 Everyday leadership, as a position and behaviour of choice, can help navigate these challenges, at individual, institutional and LD community levels. Everyday leadership has links with a stronger sense of empowerment, self-fulfilment and belonging – to the collective LD community, and to the institution (Drury, Evripidou, and Van Zomeren, 2015). Everyday leadership implies influence, and therefore, impact. In this session, we applied our thinking from Cashman (2017) and Whitelaw (2020) and define leadership as extending your energy into “things that matter” (Whitelaw, 2020. NP), to create value for others. Everyday leaders are all individuals, notwithstanding of their status, who “influence others to achieve shared objectives for the good of the collective” (Riggio, 2020, NP). Our participants also explored, and reframed their activity from the angle of everyday leadership – such as influencing peers and students, mentoring peers, initiating or leading a project, speaking up, acting as an active bystander. Finally we referred to broad themes from the ALDinHE Leadership Community of Practice. Participants shared practice and came up with a range of everyday leadership ‘expressions’ which are meaningful to them, within the context of their value and purpose; empowerment and belonging; influence and impact. Participants were encouraged to commit to one new everyday leadership action/ behaviour.