Value-relevance Of Book Value Research Articles

Effect of Corporate Governance Mechanisms on Value Relevance of EPS and BV: Evidence from the Indian Tourism Industry

This paper examines corporate governance's effect on the valuation of Earnings per Share (EPS) and Book Value (BV).Differently from empirical previous studies in the area of corporate governance and value relevance of EPS and BV, this study investigates this impact within a unique setting of publicly listed tourism firms Using panel data from a selection of some Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) listed companies from 2013 to 2015. The paper explored three aspects of the mechanisms of corporate governance: the board of directors (size, composition and diligence), the audit committee (size, composition and diligence) and foreign ownership .The study uses descriptive statistics, correlation and multi-regression model to analyse the influence of corporate governance on the value relevance of EPS and BV for the Indian tourism industry. The results show that the interaction between corporate governance mechanisms and value relevance of BV has more impact on the share prices than EPS. It is recommended that the Indian tourism industry should pay more focus to corporate governance mechanisms in order to improve its value relevance of EPS, BV and share prices.

The value-relevance of fundamental signals and the impact of financial regulations on security valuation and earnings management

This article investigates the value-relevance of earnings and financial analysts’ fundamental signals, as identified by prior research. We document four primary findings. First, consistent with the claims in the accounting literature, the value-relevance of ‘bottom line’ earnings has declined over time. Second, the combined value-relevance of earnings and financial analysts’ fundamental signals have also declined over time. Prior studies in this line of research have generated mixed evidence. In other words, some previous studies support an increase and some others find a decrease in the value-relevance of book values of net assets (common equity) over time. This study focuses on the financial analysts’ fundamental signals, not the book values of net assets, and the change in the degree of the value-relevance of those signals over time. Third, we find a negative correlation between firms’ excess returns and regulations, such as Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) and Dodd-Frank, which are consistent with the claims of some prior studies that the implementation costs of the regulations may exceed their benefits for shareholders of the corporations affected by the regulations. Finally, we also report that the levels of opportunistic earnings management, reflected in some of those fundamental signals, have declined following these regulations.

THE EFFECT OF NEGATIVE EARNINGS TOWARDS VALUE RELEVANCE OF ACCOUNTING NUMBERS

This study investigates the volatility in the value-relevance of earnings and book values of equity over the last 10 years in Indonesia. The study uses statistical association between stock prices and accounting numbers represented by earnings and book values of equity. This study addresses 3 main questions. First, how is the value relevance of the earnings and book value of equity. Second, how is the volatility pattern of value relevance of earnings and book value of equity. Third, how is the effect of negative earnings towards value relevance of the earnings and book value of equity. The sample used in this research are public companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The samples generated during the observation periods are 1860 companies listed in IDX. This study reports five primary findings. First, earnings and book value of equity, jointly and individually, have significant explanatory power for securities prices over the last 10 years. Second, the combined value-relevance of earnings and book values has increased over time. Third, the incremental value-relevance of book value of equity has increased over time while that of earnings has declined. Fourth, for companies which report negative earnings, book value of equity was not evidenced to have greater value relevance compared to earnings. Fifth, the frequencies of negative earnings is associated with the change of value relevance of earnings and book value of equity.

The Impact of Earnings Management on the Value-relevance of Financial Statement Information

This paper examines the relative value-relevance of both earnings and book value in the presence of three alternative sources of earnings management: short-term discretionary accruals, long-term discretionary accruals, and total discretionary accruals. For firm's whose discretionary accruals indicate earnings management, the value-relevance of earnings is expected to be lower than for firms without earnings management. Furthermore, in the presence of earnings management, it is expected that there will be a shift from a reliance on earnings to a reliance on book value in the valuation process. This would be reflected in a decrease in the value-relevance of earnings and an increase in the value-relevance of book value. Discretionary accruals are commonly used as a measure of earnings management. A contribution of this paper is the development of models to estimate short-term and long-term discretionary accruals. This enables investigation of differential effect on value-relevance of earnings management through the use of short-term versus long-term discretionary accruals. The results demonstrate that earnings management has an impact on value-relevance. Moreover, earnings management via long-term discretionary accruals has a greater impact on the value-relevance of earnings and book value than earnings management via short-term discretionary accruals.

Market Valuation and Deregulation of Electric Utilities

This study examines the effect of ongoing deregulation in the electric utility industry on the relation between market value, book value, and earnings. We predict that deregulation decreases (increases) the relative importance of book value (earnings) in explaining price. We test this prediction by examining changes in the value-relevance of book value and earnings during the 1988-1996 time period for a sample of large, investor-owned electric utilities. We find that the regression coefficients and incremental explanatory power related to book value (earnings) have decreased (increased) over this time period. These results are generally robust in sensitivity analysis.

The Role of Book Value in Equity Valuation: Does the Stock Variable Merely Proxy for Relevant Past Flows?

We propose an alternative explanation for the value-relevance of book value. Specifically, we suggest that book value can have an indirect role in valuation even under an earnings capitalization framework. We first show that past earnings are relevant for valuation (in addition to current earnings) when earnings have transitory components. Next, we argue that book value may correlate with stock price simply because it aggregates past (and current) earnings. That is, the stock variable does not have a direct role in valuation (in the sense of representing the net assets of the firm). Rather, its role arises indirectly because it proxies for past flows. Our findings are consistent with our predictions. We find that past earnings provide incremental explanatory power beyond that provided by current earnings. More important, we find that a model of current and past earnings outperforms a model of current earnings and book value in terms of explanatory power. Our results are striking when we split our sample into profit firms and loss firms. For profit firms we report that book value provides no incremental explanatory power beyond that provided by current and past earnings. However, for loss firms book value provides significant incremental explanatory power while current and past earnings provide only marginal explanatory power. This suggests a very restrictive direct role for book value in equity valuation, that is as a proxy for the firm's abandonment or liquidation value.