Sensation Value Research Articles

Atmospheric Conditions Related to Extreme Heat and Human Comfort in the City of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) during the First Quarter of the Year 2024

This study aims to investigate the atmospheric conditions and human thermal comfort related to extreme heat in Rio de Janeiro during the first quarter of 2024. The dataset includes meteorological data from the A636-Jacarepaguá station of INMET and seven stations from the Alerta Rio system. Weather types were classified using principal components analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). Additionally, three thermal comfort indices were calculated: the heat index (HI), physiologically equivalent temperature (PET), and modified PET (mPET). Five groups of surface weather types were identified, with two being more frequent and associated with extreme heat events. These two groups accounted for over 70% of the days in all months. Critical thermal sensation values were found, particularly at the Guaratiba station, where the daytime HI exceeded 60 °C, and at the Riocentro station, where the nighttime HI surpassed 40 °C. The HI showed a greater range and variability compared with the PET and mPET, highlighting the importance of investigating microclimatic factors which intensify urban heat in central and coastal areas and cause daytime overheating in more distant regions like Guaratiba. This study emphasizes the need for detailed investigation into microclimatic factors and their public health implications, especially in areas with high tourist activity and vulnerable populations.

The Sublime Divinity: Erotic Affectivity in Renaissance Religious Art

In the context of the Catholic Reformation serious concerns were expressed about the affective potency of naturalistic depictions of beautiful, sensuous figures in religious art. In theological discourse similar anxieties had long been articulated about potential contiguities between elevating, licit desire for an extraordinarily beautiful divinity and base, illicit feeling. In the later fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries, in the decades preceding the Council of Trent, a handful of writers, thinkers and artists asserted a positive connection between spirituality and sexuality. Leonardo da Vinci, and a group of painters working under his aegis in Lombardy, were keenly aware of painting’s capacity to evoke feeling in a viewer. Pictures they produced for domestic devotion featured knowingly sensuous and unusually epicene beauties. This article suggests that this iconography daringly advocated the value of pleasurable sensation to religiosity. Its popularity allows us to envisage beholders who were neither mired in sin, nor seeking to divorce themselves from the physical realm, but engaging afresh with age-old dialectics of body and soul, sexuality and spirituality.

An intelligent thermal comfort control strategy for air conditioning of fuel cell vehicles

Thermal comfort is an important indicator for evaluating vehicle air conditioning, with many influencing factors, but traditional vehicle air conditioning control only take temperature as the control target, neglecting the passenger's actual thermal comfort situation, which cannot automatically adapt to the thermal comfort needs of different passengers. To address this issue, this paper establishes an air conditioning model based on a fuel cell vehicle (FCV) and proposes a control strategy based on thermal comfort, using deep reinforcement learning based on PPO algorithm to establish the control model. Which can automatically control the compressor and blower, this paper conducts simulation analysis under four different environmental conditions which including static and dynamic situations. The results show that when using the intelligent thermal comfort control strategy, the overall thermal sensation values of passengers are 0.006, 0.005, 0.033, and 0.102, respectively; which are 0.088, 0.333, 0.093, and 0.120 lower than the temperature-based control strategy, this proves that the control strategy proposed in this paper can achieve better thermal comfort for passengers.

A Content Analysis of Online Messages about Sugar-Sweetened Beverages.

Media campaigns can reduce or promote the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). Brief, US-based English-language online messages were gathered from searchable media platforms, a process that yielded 112 anti-SSB videos and 29 pro-SSB commercials. Using a combination of inductive and deductive methods, a content analysis of those messages was conducted to identify their properties. They were coded for the direction (pro vs. anti), target of the advocacy (e.g., consumption vs. policy), actor demographics (gender, age, and ethnicity), persuasive theme (e.g., excessive sugar, nurturing), and message sensation value. Anti-SSB appeals primarily targeted individual-level consumption behavior. They utilized six persuasive themes and often included more than one theme in a single message. Pro-SSB messages used feel-good themes and utilized only one theme per message. The proportions of adults, adolescents, and children differed by the direction of the advocacy. Black, Hispanic, and Asian actors were under-represented in the anti-SSB sample relative to Whites. Pro-SSB appeals were slightly higher than anti-SSB appeals in message sensation value (p = 0.09). The findings illuminate the message features that characterize the universe of brief anti-SSB appeals available online, highlight messaging disparities, and reveal the absence of certain common, effective persuasive themes.

Watching Exercise and Fitness Videos on TikTok for Physical Education: Motivation, Engagement, and Message Sensation Value

Purpose: This study aimed to examine how physical education (PE) students engage with fitness content on TikTok. Methods: The evaluation involved 597 students enrolled in a PE 1 course across three campuses of a prominent university. Results: Findings show that students primarily watch TikTok videos for entertainment, with male students also seeking motivation and social interaction, while female students look for escape, advice, and guidance. Engagement is highest for videos featuring body transformations, fitness tips, and motivational content, with a tendency to apply learned exercises, tips, and nutrition education. Body transformations and motivational videos effectively arouse emotions and elicit affective responses. Conclusion: This research highlights diverse motivations and impacts of fitness content on TikTok among PE students, contributing to the literature on social media usage and offering insights for enhancing instructional practices in PE and understanding digital media interaction.

Factors influencing public engagement in government TikTok during the COVID-19 crisis

PurposeAlthough governments have used social media platforms to interact with the public in an attempt to minimize anxiety and provide a forum for public discussion during the pandemic, governments require sufficient crisis communication skills to engage citizens in taking appropriate action effectively. This study aims to examine how the National Health Commission of China (NHCC) has used TikTok, the leading short video–based platform, to facilitate public engagement during COVID-19.Design/methodology/approachBuilding upon dual process theories, this study integrates the activation of information exposure, prosocial interaction theory and social sharing of emotion theory to explore how public engagement is related to message sensation value (MSV), media character, content theme and emotional valence. A total of 354 TikTok videos posted by NHCC were collected during the pandemic to explore the determinants of public engagement in crises.FindingsThe findings demonstrate that MSV negatively predicts public engagement with government TikTok, but that instructional information increases engagement. The presence of celebrities and health-care professionals negatively affects public engagement with government TikTok accounts. In addition, emotional valence serves a moderating role between MSV, media characters and public engagement.Originality/valueGovernment agencies must be fully aware of the different combinations of MSV and emotion use in the video title when releasing crisis-related videos. Government agencies can also leverage media characters – health professionals in particular – to enhance public engagement. Government agencies are encouraged to solicit public demand for the specific content of instructing information through data mining techniques.

Comparative study on thermal comfort of sports buildings in hot and humid climates from the perspective of exercisers and non-exercisers

In this study, a thermal comfort evaluation of sports buildings in hot and humid climates from the perspective of exercisers and non-exercisers was conducted. The objective was to improve their indoor environment in terms of public use. Thermal environmental indicators, individual data and 294 valid responses form exercisers and non-exercisers to a subjective survey questionnaire were examined. The results indicated that exercisers and non-exercises performed differently in terms of physiological characteristics and subjective perception. The average values of subjective sensation in the thermal environment were different between exercisers and non-exercisers, which corresponded to their subjective preference. However, the average values of their subjective acceptability were generally within the “slightly acceptable”. In terms of the relationship between thermal environment and subjective perception, the thermal sensation of exercisers was more hot-oriented than that of non-exercisers at the same operative temperature, while their thermal acceptability was higher than that of non-exercisers since exercisers focused on sports rather than the thermal environment, making them less sensitive and more tolerant than non-exercisers. In addition, affected by the skin wetness from sweating and air velocity generated by exercise, the humidity sensation and draft sensation of exercisers were stronger than those of non-exercisers. Finally, the neutral temperature (28.3 °C and 28.7 °C), satisfactory temperature range (26.3oC–31.2 °C and 26.3oC–32.2 °C), and acceptable temperature range (27.1oC–35.9 °C and 26.3oC–34.1 °C) for exercisers and non-exercisers were derived. This study provides knowledge regarding the thermal comfort of exercisers and non-exercisers in sports buildings as well as guidance to improve the control and regulation of indoor environments.

Effect of voluntary electric fan use on autonomic and perceptual responses to lower leg passive heating in humans

This study investigated the efficacy of voluntary fan utilization on autonomic thermoeffector responses and thermal perceptions during passive heating by lower leg immersion (42 °C) in a 27 °C ambient temperature, 50% relative humidity. Fourteen young healthy adults (8 females) were recruited for this study where they underwent two trials with (Fan) and without an electric fan (No fan) during 50 min of passive heat stress. The skin temperature on forearm and abdomen was lower in Fan than in No fan (all p < 0.02), and the local skin temperature on the chest, and mean skin temperature were significantly lower in Fan than in No fan in the final 20 min (mean value of mean skin temperature: 34.77(0.15) °C vs 35.11(0.12) °C, respectively, all p < 0.03), whilst the rectal temperature was not different between trials (37.11(0.23) °C vs 37.08(0.27) °C, p = 0.78). The sensitivity of local sweat rate (LSR) with the increase of mean body temperature on the chest and forearm was significantly lower in Fan than No fan trials (all p < 0.02). The sum value of thermal sensation was lower and wetness was higher in Fan than in No fan in the final 25 min (thermal sensation: 7.50 (1.25) vs 5.00 (3.06), wetness: −6.57 (2.31) vs −5.21 (2.46), all p<0.03) whilst thermal discomfort did not differ significantly between trials (p = 0.12). The voluntary use of an electric fan attenuates the autonomic thermoeffector response, such as sweating, and influences thermal sensation and wetness but did not affect core temperature and thermal discomfort during lower leg immersion.

Effectiveness of social video platforms in promoting smoking cessation among youth: A content-specific analysis of smoking cessation topic videos on the social platform Bilibili.

Smoking cessation is a significant public health issue for young people. Social media provide the public with health knowledge through various types of videos. Bilibili is a trendy social video platform among the young population in China, and the number of smoking cessation videos on this platform is continuously increasing. Different content creators advocating smoking cessation through videos may influence young people's attitudes and behaviors towards tobacco and smoking. This study aims to measure the message sensation value (MSV) and the information appeals in smoking cessation videos on Bilibili, examining their impact on communication effectiveness. This study collected 337 videos from Bilibili and conducted a content analysis regarding the content creator's information, video presentation, MSV, and message appeals. The communication effectiveness of the videos was defined as a dependent variable and was divided into three dimensions: communication breadth, recognition, and participation. The average MSV (rated on a scale of 0 to 11) for smoking cessation-themed videos was 4.49 (SD=2.23). Chi-squared analysis revealed significant differences among different types of videos in the use of threat appeal (p<0.001), humor appeal (p<0.001), and psychological benefit (p<0.05). Additionally, different types of creators showed differences in the use of threat appeal (p<0.05), humor appeal (p<0.001), and psychological benefit (p<0.05). ANOVA results indicated significant differences in the level of MSV among different smoking cessation videos (F=39.775, p<0.001). Linear regression analysis showed that MSV, threat appeal, humor appeal, and economic benefit positively impacted dissemination effects (p<0.001). The results indicate that young people are likelier to watch smoking cessation videos with higher MSV and information appeal. These elements can enhance persuasion and the effectiveness of communication. Therefore, when video creators aim to promote smoking cessation among young people, they can consider factors such as MSV, threat appeal, humor appeal, and economic benefit to enhance communication effects.

Experimental study of draft-related local discomfort in a room with stratum ventilation

Given increased air movement in rooms with stratum ventilation, draft may be a major cause of local thermal discomfort. However, there was a lack of comprehensive study on the draft risk of stratum ventilation and its causation. Hence, this study systematically conducted the subjective assessment of draft and examined its influencing factors in a stratum-ventilated room. Thermal sensation, preferences for air movement and air temperature, as well as thermal acceptability were surveyed. The subjects were exposed to different combinations of supply airflow rate and room air temperature, which created thermal conditions from slightly cool to slightly warm. Results showed that compared with supply airflow rate, room air temperature exerted more significant effects on the subjective responses to air movement. Regarding draft sensation, the upper body segments were more susceptible to supply airflow rate and room air temperature than the lower body segments. For room air temperature of 24 °C, the slightly cool sensation resulted in high draft rates, while room air temperature of 26 °C and above could significantly decrease draft risk. Air movement preference was closely correlated to overall thermal sensation. An overall thermal sensation value of −0.4 was found to be the lower limit to provide a draft rate less than 20%, and a value of −0.1 was the most desired overall thermal sensation as a majority of subjects wanted air movement to remain unchanged. Taking both the preferred air movement and temperature into account, room air temperature of around 26–27 °C was recommended to achieve satisfactory thermal environment.

COVID-19 Vaccines #ForYou: Analyzing COVID-19 Vaccine Videos on TikTok During the Early Phase of the Vaccine Rollout in the U.S.

ABSTRACT This study examined COVID-19 vaccine videos on TikTok (n = 216 collected in March 2021) during the early days of the vaccine rollout in the U.S., including video source, overall stance toward COVID-19 vaccines, Health Belief Model (HBM)-related content, message features (i.e. humor, video type, message sensation value, on-screen text, and unoriginal sound), and user engagement indices (number of views, shares, comments, and likes). Regarding source, health professionals and general users were two of the main sources, which varied depending on video stance. Pro-vaccine videos occurred the most often from health professionals whereas anti-vaccine videos occurred the most often from general users. Health professionals (vs. general users) generated more views, shares, comments, and likes. Regarding stance, we found more pro- than anti-vaccine videos (57.9% vs. 37.5%). Stance was not related with any user engagement index. Though many videos were pro-vaccine, the content corresponding to HBM-specified factors, which likely facilitate a positive behavioral change, was largely lacking, such as mentions of COVID-19 severity (5.6%), susceptibility (2.8%) and information boosting vaccination self-efficacy (3.7%). Mentions of side effects (34%) emerged as the major vaccination barrier. HBM-related mentions were not related with any user engagement index. COVID-19 vaccine videos used several features, which varied across stance. Pro-vaccine videos featured more musical performance, while anti-vaccine videos used more humor, playacting, sound effects, and unoriginal sound. Several message features (e.g. humor and on-screen text) were positively associated with users’ engagement with a video. Practical and theoretical implications of the findings are discussed.

Effect of meridian sinew releasing technique on moxibustion sensation of heat-sensitive moxibustion in patients with knee osteoarthritis

To observe the effect of meridian sinew releasing technique on moxibustion sensation of heat-sensitive moxibustion in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA).A total of 60 patients with KOA were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 30 cases each group. In the observation group, on the basis of the meridian sinew releasing technique, moxibustion sensation exploration method was applied at Dubi (ST 35) area on the affected side. In the control group, moxibustion sensation exploration method was applied at Dubi (ST 35) area on the affected side. The meridian sinew releasing technique was performed for 20 min each time, the moxibustion sensation exploration method was performed for 60 min each time, once a day for 3 days. The excitation rate, latency, duration time and intensity value of moxibustion sensation of heat-sensitive moxibustion were recorded on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd days of exploration in the two groups.The excitation rate on the 3rd day of exploration and total excitation rate in the observation group were higher than the control group (P<0.05). On the 1st, 2nd and 3rd days of exploration, the latency of moxibustion sensation of heat-sensitive moxibustion in the observation group was shorter than the control group (P<0.05), the duration time was longer than the control group (P<0.05), and the intensity value was higher than the control group (P<0.05).Meridian sinew releasing technique could improve the excitation rate of moxibustion sensation of heat-sensitive moxibustion in patients with KOA, shorten the latency, prolong the duration time, and improve the intensity value.目的：观察经筋手法松解术对膝关节骨关节炎（KOA）患者热敏灸感的影响。方法：将60例KOA患者随机分为观察组和对照组，每组30例。观察组在经筋手法松解术的基础上，于患侧犊鼻穴区行灸感探查法；对照组直接于患侧犊鼻穴区行灸感探查法。经筋手法松解术每次20 min，灸感探查法每次60 min，均每日1次，连续3 d。记录两组患者探查第1、2、3天热敏灸感激发率、潜伏期、持续时间、强度值。结果：观察组探查第3天热敏灸感激发率及总激发率高于对照组（P<0.05）。探查第1、2、3天，观察组热敏灸感潜伏期短于对照组（P<0.05），热敏灸感持续时间长于对照组（P<0.05），热敏灸感强度值高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：经筋手法松解术可提高KOA患者热敏灸感激发率，缩短潜伏期，延长持续时间，提高强度值。.

Meta-learning of personalized thermal comfort model and fast identification of the best personalized thermal environmental conditions

The model of personalized thermal comfort can be learned via various machine learning algorithms and used to improve the individuals’ thermal comfort levels with potentially less energy consumption of HVAC systems. However, the learning of such a model typically requires a substantial number of thermal votes from the considered occupant, and the environmental conditions needed for collecting some votes may be undesired by the occupant in order to obtain a model with good generalization ability. In this paper, we propose to use a meta-learning algorithm to reduce the required number of personalized thermal votes so that a personalized thermal comfort model can be obtained with only a small number of feedback. With the learned meta-model, we derive a method based on the backpropagation of neural networks to quickly identify the best environmental and personal conditions for a specific occupant. The proposed identification algorithm has an additional advantage that the thermal comfort, indicated by the mean thermal sensation value, improves incrementally during the data collection process. We use the ASHRAE global thermal comfort database II to verify that the meta-learning algorithm can achieve an improved prediction accuracy after using 5 thermal sensation votes from an occupant to make adaptations. In addition, we show the effectiveness of the fast identification algorithm for the best personalized thermal environmental conditions with a thermal sensation generation model built from the PMV model.

Overactive bladder with urodynamic study-induced bladder pain: An overactive bladder subtype with symptoms similar to those of interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome.

Overactive bladder (OAB) and interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) are 2 lower urinary tract disorders with urgency and bladder pain for diagnosis and with several other shared symptoms. Because of their overlapping symptoms, precise differential diagnosis of OAB and IC/PBS remains difficult. Thus, we characterize a subgroup of OAB with bladder pain (OAB-BP) that can be differentiated from OAB alone by urodynamic study (UDS) findings. We also further examined the clinical presentations and urodynamic parameters of OAB alone, OAB-BP, and IC/PBS. Data were collected between September 2018 and April 2019. Patients were categorized into 3 groups, OAB-alone (no bladder pain during UDS, n = 39), OAB-BP (with bladder pain during UDS, n = 35), and IC/PBS (the comparator, n = 39). Chi-square tests were used to compare OAB alone, OAB-BP, and IC/PBS with respect to their clinical presentations and urodynamic parameters. Factors with P < .05 were further analyzed through post hoc comparisons with Bonferroni adjustment. An unique subgroup of OAB patients was identified (i.e., OAB-BP), bladder pain can only be induced at maximal cytometric capacity during UDS. We also identified that the case histories and UDS parameters (e.g., low first desire, normal desire, and maximum cytometric capacity) of the OAB-BP group were more similar to those of the IC/PBS group than to those of the OAB-alone group. The OAB-BP group and the IC/PBS group reported more intrusive, longer-lasting symptoms before their final diagnoses, more extensive family history of urinary tract disorder, and more associated comorbidities (e.g., irritable bowel syndrome, and myofascial pain) than the OAB-alone group. The UDS assessment induced bladder pain in the OAB-BP group to reveal their hidden symptoms. Careful attention to patient history and sophisticated UDS evaluation may help to identify this unique OAB group.

A thermal comfort evaluation on vehicular environments based on local human body thermal sensations

With the rapid development of the automobile industry and increasing demand for automobiles, consumers also have more and more car requirements. They do not only consider energy, safety and price but also expect a good indoor environment and improved thermal comfort. In order to construct and apply a thermal comfort evaluation method suitable for Chinese consumers, a relationship between the equivalent space temperature and the thermal sensation was obtained by collecting characteristic thermal sensation data of the human body in different environments. An evaluation method based on whole-body and local thermal comfort sensation characteristics for adult Chinese males and females was designed, At the same time, the study found that women's tolerance for thermal sensation is lower and the thermal comfort zone is relatively smaller. In order to explore the accuracy of the evaluation method and a typical non-uniform vehicular environment was selected to verify the findings. The local and whole-body equivalent space temperature of the co-driver seat in the vehicle was tested with a warm dummy, through which whole-body and local thermal sensation values were predicted. The local and whole-body thermal sensation was tested with subjects' subjective experience under the same conditions. The predicted thermal sensation obtained through the equivalent space temperature was compared to the subjective experience results, and the correlation reached up to 0.911, while significance (two-tailed) only reached 0.002, it was possible to predict the thermal sensation vote within an accuracy level of 0.3 point, further proving the accuracy of the whole-body and local thermal comfort evaluation method for adult Chinese male thermal sensation characteristics as proposed in this paper. The results obtained in this study can be used to predict environmental thermal comfort.

The Interaction between Message Sensation Value and Food Neophobia in Communication about Insect-Based Foods: An Experiment with Italian Consumers.

Currently, insects are considered as a promising alternative protein source due to their nutritional content and their environmental sustainability. Notwithstanding this, generally consumers show reluctance towards the introduction of edible insects into their diet, mostly influenced by food neophobia. Persuasive communication strategies (e.g., informational vs. emotional appeals) have been a major topic in consumer behavior research. Scholars often refer to the construct of message sensation value (MSV), which is defined as the intensity of audio, visual, and content features of a message that elicit sensory, affective, and arousal responses. In this work, a computer-based experiment (N = 148) was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of messages based on different levels of MSV in promoting the intention to eat insect-based foods, and interactions between MSV and food neophobia. Results indicate that, MSV, food neophobia, and their interaction significantly affect the willingness to consume insect-based food products with or without visible insects, highlighting novel pathways for segmenting consumers, in order to strengthen the communication effects.

Incorporating surfactants within protein-polysaccharide hybrid particles for high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs): Toward plant-based mayonnaise

Plant-based diets are currently gaining more popularity among healthily- and environmentally-conscious consumers. Herein, we reported a facile and mild method to fabricate high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) using plant-based ingredients that feature the physical and sensory of traditional egg-based mayonnaise through interfacial engineering. Protein-polysaccharide-surfactant ternary composite particles with appropriate dimension and moderate wettability were constructed by regulating the ratios among zein, corn fiber gum (CFG) and lecithin (Lc). The resultant Zein-CFG-Lc particles (ZCLPs) could function as not only particulate emulsifiers, sterically hindering the close approach of droplets, but also surfactants that decreased the interfacial tension through molecular rearrangement at the oil-water interface. HIPEs with a droplet size less than 3.0 μm (the threshold value of granular sensation by oral cavity) were successfully fabricated under a minimum ZCLPs concentration of 1.2%. The specific interfacial architecture was observed with the combination of zein particles, a CFG network and Lc-based membrane, which jointly contributed to conserve a high concentration of oil phase. HIPEs were determined with a lower tribological property compared to egg-based mayonnaise, endowing them with more creaminess and smoothness sensory attributes. In addition, HIPEs exhibited an extremely higher physical and thermal stability than the mayonnaise. In vitro digestion fate indicated that the digestible fat in HIPEs could arrive at a minimal value of one-twelfth of that in the mayonnaise as ZCLPs could effectively inhibit the lipid digestion of HIPEs in the small intestine, making it a low-calorie formulation. This study opens a promising pathway for producing edible HIPEs as replacers for egg-based mayonnaise appealing to calorie-sensitive consumers and plant-based diet lovers.

Effect of 3min whole-body and lower limb cold water immersion on subsequent performance of agility, sprint, and intermittent endurance exercise.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of whole-body cold-water immersion (WCWI) and lower-limb cold-water immersion (LCWI) employed during a 15-min recovery period on the subsequent exercise performance as well as to determine the physiological and perceptual parameters in the heat (39°C). Eleven males performed team-sports-specific tests outdoors. The exercise program consisted of two identical exercise protocols (1 and 2) separated by a 15-min recovery period. The participants completed the same tests in each exercise protocol, in the following order: agility t test (t-test), 20-m sprint test (20M-ST), and Yo-Yo Intermittent Endurance Test Level 1 (Yo-Yo). During the recovery period, a 3-min recovery intervention of a passively seated rest (control, CON), WCWI, or LCWI was performed. The t-test and 20M-ST for the CON group were significantly longer during exercise protocol 2, but they were not significantly different between the two exercise protocols for the WCWI and LCWI groups. The completed Yo-Yo distance for the CON and LCWI groups was shorter during exercise protocol 2, but it was not significantly different between the two exercise protocols for the WCWI group. The chest temperature (Tchest), upper arm temperature (Tarm), thigh temperature (Tthigh), mean skin temperature (Tskin), and thermal sensation (TS) values were lower for the WCWI group than for the CON group; but only the Tthigh, Tskin, and TS values were lower for the LCWI group compared to the CON group. The Tchest, Tarm, Tskin, and TS values after the intervention were lower for the WCWI group than for the LCWI group. None of the three intervention conditions affected the core temperature (Tcore), heart rate (HR), or rating of perceived exertion (RPE). These results suggest that WCWI at 15°C for 3 min during the 15-min recovery period attenuates the impairment of agility, sprint, and intermittent-endurance performance during exercise protocol 2, but LCWI only ameliorates the reduction of agility and sprint performance. Furthermore, the ergogenic effects of WCWI and LCWI in the heat are due, at least in part, to a decrease of the Tskin and improvement of perceived strain.

Predictive Capacity Analysis for Outdoor Thermal Comfort Assessments: A Case Study of Jijel City, Algeria

Ensuring acceptable thermal comfort conditions in public spaces is nowadays a major concern of urban design. A number of indices have been proposed in the literature, namely PMV, PET, SET*, UTCI, PT, mPET and MOCI. The present study aims to find the most suitable index the outdoor thermal comfort assessment in the city of Jijel by comparing the predictive capacities of these indices in terms of frequency occurrence and by relating them with the contextual responses of users. These indices are defined, their feature is analysed and finally explored. Thermal comfort based on these indices was evaluated using RayMan and Townscope softwares. The choice among these indices needs their comparison with data gathered from a survey by questionnaire. The findings indicate a slight agreement between these indices and the perceived sensation (PESV) values in the range of -1 and +1, especially with the indices SET* and mPET. However, for the classes +2 and +4, a significant disagreement is observed. For the class +3, however, only PET, PMV and SET* are more joined to the perceived sensation values. The disagreements may be related to the physical environment characteristics, the subjective perception, and the adaptation attitude of the users. Thus, further indices calibration investigation is needed for better prediction of comfort taking into account local specificities. Based on the indices which are relatively in agreement with PESV, a neutral air temperature of 19.8 °C in winter and 20.4 °C in summer for the city of Jijel is deduced. Also, a comfort zone of 17.3 to 22.4 °C in winter and 18 to 22.8 °C in summer is extrapolated.

PENILAIAN KENYAMANAN TERMAL RUANGAN MENGGUNAKAN PMV (STUDI KASUS PERPUSTAKAAN SDN 27 PONTIANAK UTARA)

Pontianak city has tropical climate and crossed by the equator. This phenomenon has an impact on the level of thermal comfort in a room, especially in North Pontianak District which is close to 0˚ latitude. library of the Public Elementary School (SDN) 27 North Pontianak is one of the examples. This library is located on the equator with coordinates 0˚00˚07N 109˚20'02E which has high temperature and high humidity levels. This condition impact on bad thermal comfort. bad thermal comfort can affect the health of indoor activities. Therefore, the thermal comfort level needs to be research and provide a room's solution to achieve a neutral thermal comfort condition. This research measures the thermal comfort's variables on PMV (Predicted Mean Vote). The variables measured were air temperature, radiation temperature, humidity and wind speed, the observed variables were metabolic values and clothing insulation. The thermal comfort level will be calculated using the Center of Building Environment (CBE) Thermal Comfort Tool. The results of this research indicate that the level of thermal comfort in the library which is calculated using the CBE Thermal Comfort Tool have PMV value ranging 0,07 to 2,96. The value of thermal sensation in library is neutral to hot. thermal comfort conditions can be achieved by the application of cross ventilation.