Value Of Influenza Vaccination Research Articles

1167. The Value of Influenza Vaccination in the Older Adult Population. A Stochastic Model Estimation of the benefit of vaccination to prevent the Severe Outcomes in the U.S.

Abstract Background Influenza is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality in the United States. Increasing influenza vaccination rates among all persons extends the benefits of immunization programs on reducing illnesses, especially those accrued to the older adult population who has the highest risk of severe outcomes. This research assesses the value of influenza vaccination by estimating the number of severe outcomes such as, respiratory and cardiovascular hospitalizations and deaths averted through immunization in the U.S. older adult population. Methods Severe hospitalizations and deaths prevented were estimated through a decision-tree model using a stochastic approach. Model’s incidence rate as well as complications probabilities were calibrated to reflect the reported U.S. CDC data. This analysis compares no vaccination of older adult population against influenza immunization with either a standard-dose quadrivalent vaccine (QIVe) or an enhanced quadrivalent vaccine recommended by ACIP. Absolute vaccine effectiveness and relative vaccine effectiveness of enhanced quadrivalent vaccine vs QIVe for hospitalizations averted were obtained from a targeted literature review. Median value and 95% CI were estimated from a 1000 stochastic simulation. Results In comparison to no vaccination, the number of respiratory and cardiovascular hospitalizations prevented with QIVe was 49,323 (19,584-91,620) and 93,950 (41,537-186,224), respectively. In addition, the number of respiratory and cardiovascular deaths prevented with QIVe vs no vaccination was 4,481 (1,517-9,701) and 8,277 (3,124-19,548), respectively. In the case, older adults were vaccinated with an enhanced vaccine, such as aQIV, then the number of respiratory and cardiovascular hospitalizations prevented against no vaccination was 52,428 (21,354-96,922) and 99,948 (44,400-197,284), respectively. Lastly, 4,742 (1,612-10,202) and 8,787 (3,314-20,910) were the estimated deaths prevented due respiratory and cardiovascular hospitalizations, respectively. Conclusion Influenza vaccination in older adult population reduces almost by 50% severe complications. The use of an enhanced vaccine such as the adjuvanted formulation increases further the clinical benefits. Disclosures Stephen I. Pelton, MD, CSL Seqirus Inc.: Advisor/Consultant|CSL Seqirus Inc.: Honoraria Van Nguyen, PhD, CSL Seqirus Inc.: Advisor/Consultant|CSL Seqirus Inc.: Advisor/Consultant|CSL Seqirus Inc.: Honoraria Joaquin F. Mould-Quevedo, PhD, CSL Seqirus Inc.: Employee|CSL Seqirus Inc.: Employee|CSL Seqirus Inc.: Stocks/Bonds|CSL Seqirus Inc.: Stocks/Bonds

Influenza Vaccination Assessment according to a Value-Based Health Care Approach.

Background: Seasonal influenza has a considerable public health impact, and vaccination is the key to preventing its consequences. Our aim was to describe how the value of influenza vaccination is addressed in the scientific literature considering a new value framework based on four pillars (personal, allocative, technical, and societal value). Methods: A systematic review was conducted by querying three databases. The analysis was performed on international studies focused on influenza vaccination value, and the four value pillars were taken into consideration for their description. Results: Overall, 40 studies were considered. Most of them focused on influenza vaccination in the general population (27.5%), emphasizing its value for all age groups. Most studies addressed technical value (70.4%), especially in terms of economic models and cost drivers to be considered for the economic evaluations of influenza vaccines, and societal value (63%), whereas few dealt with personal (37%) and allocative values (22.2%). Conclusions: The whole value of influenza vaccination is still not completely recognized. Knowledge and communication of the whole value of influenza vaccination is essential to guide value-based health policies. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to implement initiatives that involve all relevant stakeholders.

Value of influenza vaccines in cancer patients during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic: a cross-sectional study.

BackgroundAccording to the recommendation of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), getting influenza vaccines during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemics is especially important for people with certain underlying medical conditions, like cancer. Due to the similarities between the symptoms of influenza and COVID-19, receiving the flu vaccine in suspicious cases can be helpful because it will make it easier to request a medical test and diagnosis. In this study, the value of influenza vaccination in the cancer population was investigated.MethodsIn a cross-sectional study, all cancer patients who were referred to our clinic and had eligibility to receive the flu vaccine were included in our study for following up clinical signs every week for one month. All patients who were vaccinated from October 1 to November 15, 2020 were investigated. The most side effects that were followed were fever, runny nose, bone pain, and life-threatening or persistent adverse effects.ResultsFrom a total of 288 patients (median age: 52 years (range 18-79), 112 (38.9%) males and 176 (61.1%) female) with different types of cancers, only two patients had an adverse effect of vaccination (including bone pain, runny nose, and fatigue), and one had COVID-19 ten days after vaccination. The rest of the patients did not show any side effects due to flu vaccination after one month of follow-up. Cancer patients are recommended to receive the flu vaccine annually during the pandemic and after the end of this pandemic, usually during the flu epidemic season to reduce mortality.

The Pregnancy and Influenza Multinational Epidemiologic (PRIME) study: a prospective cohort study of the impact of influenza during pregnancy among women in middle-income countries

BackgroundThe World Health Organization identifies pregnant women as at high-risk for severe influenza, but influenza vaccines are underutilized among pregnant women. Data on influenza burden during pregnancy are largely limited to high-income countries and data on the impact of influenza on birth and perinatal outcomes are scarce.Methods/designThis prospective, longitudinal cohort study of pregnant women in middle-income countries is designed to address three primary objectives: 1) to evaluate the effect of laboratory-confirmed influenza during pregnancy on pregnancy and perinatal outcomes; 2) to estimate the incidences of all-cause acute respiratory illness and laboratory-confirmed influenza during pregnancy; and 3) to examine the clinical spectrum of illness associated with influenza viruses. Through a multi-country network approach, three sites aim to enroll cohorts of 1500–3000 pregnant women just before local influenza seasons. Women aged ≥ 18 years with expected delivery dates ≥ 8 weeks after the start of the influenza season are eligible. Women are followed throughout pregnancy through twice weekly surveillance for influenza symptoms (≥ 1 of myalgia, cough, runny nose, sore throat, or difficulty breathing) and have mid-turbinate nasal swabs collected for influenza virus testing during illness episodes. Primary outcomes include relative risk of preterm birth and mean birth weight among term singleton infants of women with and without reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction-confirmed influenza during pregnancy. Gestational age is determined by ultrasound at < 28 weeks gestation and birth weight is measured by digital scales using standardized methods. Sites are primarily urban in Bangkok, Thailand; Lima, Peru; and Nagpur, India. All sites recruit from antenatal clinics at referral hospitals and conduct surveillance using telephone calls, messaging applications, or home visits. Nasal swabs are self-collected by participants in Thailand and by study staff in Peru and India. During the first year (2017), sites enrolled participants during March–May in Peru and May–July in India and Thailand; 4779 women were enrolled.DiscussionThis study aims to generate evidence of the impact of influenza during pregnancy to inform decisions by Ministries of Health, healthcare providers, and pregnant women in middle-income countries about the value of influenza vaccination during pregnancy.

The burden of influenza and RSV among inpatients and outpatients in rural western Kenya, 2009-2012.

BackgroundIn Kenya, detailed data on the age-specific burden of influenza and RSV are essential to inform use of limited vaccination and treatment resources.MethodsWe analyzed surveillance data from August 2009 to July 2012 for hospitalized severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) and outpatient influenza-like illness (ILI) at two health facilities in western Kenya to estimate the burden of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Incidence rates were estimated by dividing the number of cases with laboratory-confirmed virus infections by the mid-year population. Rates were adjusted for healthcare-seeking behavior, and to account for patients who met the SARI/ILI case definitions but were not tested.ResultsThe average annual incidence of influenza-associated SARI hospitalization per 1,000 persons was 2.7 (95% CI 1.8–3.9) among children <5 years and 0.3 (95% CI 0.2–0.4) among persons ≥5 years; for RSV-associated SARI hospitalization, it was 5.2 (95% CI 4.0–6.8) among children <5 years and 0.1 (95% CI 0.0–0.2) among persons ≥5 years. The incidence of influenza-associated medically-attended ILI per 1,000 was 24.0 (95% CI 16.6–34.7) among children <5 years and 3.8 (95% CI 2.6–5.7) among persons ≥5 years. The incidence of RSV-associated medically-attended ILI was 24.6 (95% CI 17.0–35.4) among children <5 years and 0.8 (95% CI 0.3–1.9) among persons ≥5 years.ConclusionsInfluenza and RSV both exact an important burden in children. This highlights the possible value of influenza vaccines, and future RSV vaccines, for Kenyan children.

Influenza Vaccination Among Veterans With Spinal Cord Injury: Part 1. A Survey Of Attitudes And Behavior

Background/Objective: Persons with spinal cord injury and disorders (SCID) are at increased risk of developing influenza, pneumonia, and ensuing complications. Influenza vaccine has been shown to be effective, yet vaccination rates have been low in this population. To improve these rates, barriers and facilitators to receiving influenza vaccine in this population were identified.Methods: A cross-sectional telephone survey was conducted with a convenience sample of patients at 1 3 Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) Centers between September and November 2000. Survey questions assessed perceptions regarding the influenza vaccine.Results: Participants interviewed (N = 377) had a mean age of 5 8.6 years and were predominantly male and white. Most had had received the influenza vaccine at some time in the past; however, 3 5% had not received it in the previous year. The most common reason reported for not being vaccinated was the belief that it was not important. Those who knew the best time to be vaccinated were more likely to have been vaccinated the previous year (OR = 3.57, 9 5%, Cl: 2.1 2-6.01 ). Other predictors of vaccination included being married, being aged 65 and older, and being aware that the vaccine was a good way to prevent some pulmonary problems that can result from influenza.Conclusions: Barriers to vaccination include poor understanding of the seriousness of influenza and of the vulnerability of someone with SCID to respiratory complications. Availability of the influenza vaccine at VA facilities and knowledge of when to be vaccinated were facilitators. Providers should use every opportunity to vaccinate patients and provide education about the value of influenza vaccination and when to be vaccinated.

Value of influenza vaccine during an outbreak of influenza A in a nursing home, Pyrenees Atlantiques, France, November-December 1995.

A public health officer of the Direction Departementale de l'Action Sanitaire et Sociale des Pyrenees Atlantiques in France was notified of an outbreak of acute respiratory illness among residents of a nursing home on 4 December, 1995. Over 50 of the 69 r

Acute upper respiratory tract viral illness and influenza immunization in homes for the elderly

Occupants of 482 long-stay and 33 short-stay beds in 11 Leicester City Council homes for the elderly were studied during a 30-week period from September 1988 to March 1989 to determine the incidence, aetiology, morbidity, and mortality of acute upper respiratory tract viral infections and the use of influenza vaccine. Influenza immunization rates by home ranged from 15.4 to 90% (mean 45%). There were no differences in the distribution of medical conditions by home. The highest immunization rates were seen in people with chest disease (77%), heart disease (60%), diabetes (56%), and those with three medical conditions (75%). There was an average of 0.7 upper respiratory episodes per bed per annum with a mortality of 3.4% (6/179). Half of all episodes were seen by a general medical practitioner and 81 of 90 (90%) referrals were prescribed antibiotics costing approximately 7.50 pounds per patient. Lower respiratory tract complications developed during 45 (25%) of 179 episodes including 3 of 12 coronavirus infections, 3 of 9 respiratory syncytial virus infections, 2 of 4 adenovirus infections, 1 of 11 rhinovirus infections, but none of 5 influenza infections. Respiratory infections were caused mostly by pathogens other than influenza virus during the influenza period documented nationally. This highlights the role of coronaviruses, respiratory syncytial virus, and unidentified agents in the elderly, and questions the assumptions made in American estimates on the impact of influenza and the value of influenza vaccines.

Influenza 1981 to 1982

Physicians, like farmers, find their responsibilities and work load seasonal in nature. As the fall and winter seasons approach, they bring with them outbreaks of influenza caused by one of the well-recognized virus strains and possibly by a new variant, against which previous vaccination or illness will have no protective effect. Patients commonly ask about the value of influenza vaccine and its complications and about their physician's personal biases on the subject. The Immunizations Practices Advisory Committee of the Public Health Service has issued a timely and informative statement about the influenza vaccine that is available for the 1981 to 1982 season.¹ The committee recommends that chronically ill children and adults older than 65 years be vaccinated, for they are at high risk of serious complications and even death from influenza infection. In the 1980 to 1981 season, no outbreaks of influenza B were recorded; the predominant strain was

Influenza 1981 to 1982

Physicians, like farmers, find their responsibilities and work load seasonal in nature. As the fall and winter seasons approach, they bring with them outbreaks of influenza caused by one of the well-recognized virus strains and possibly by a new variant, against which previous vaccination or illness will have no protective effect. Patients commonly ask about the value of influenza vaccine and its complications and about their physician's personal biases on the subject. The Immunizations Practices Advisory Committee of the Public Health Service has issued a timely and informative statement about the influenza vaccine that is available for the 1981 to 1982 season.¹ The committee recommends that chronically ill children and adults older than 65 years be vaccinated, for they are at high risk of serious complications and even death from influenza infection. In the 1980 to 1981 season, no outbreaks of influenza B were recorded; the predominant strain was