Correlation Values Research Articles

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals intratumoral heterogeneity and multicellular community in primary hepatocellular carcinoma underlying microvascular invasion

BackgroundMicrovascular invasion (MVI) is associated with an unfavorable prognosis and early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is the crucial pathological hallmark of immunotherapy. While microvascular invasion (MVI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) currently lacks a detailed single-cell analysis of the tumor microenvironment (TME), it holds significant promise for immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). MethodsWe performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on 3 MVI positive (MVIP) and 14 MVI-negative (MVIN) tumor tissues, as well as their paired adjacent non-tumoral tissues. ResultsWe identified SPP1+ macrophages and CD4+ proliferative T cells as intertumoral populations critical for the formation of cold tumors and immunosuppressive environments in MVI-positive patients and verified their prognostic value in correlation with MVIP HCC patients. Additionally, we identified SPP1+ dominated interactions between SPP1+ macrophages and the immunosuppressive T population as contributors to MVI destruction and tumorigenesis. ConclusionsWe provide a comprehensive single-cell atlas of HCC patients with MVI, shedding light on the immunosuppressive ecosystem and upregulated signaling associated with MVI. These findings demonstrate that intercellular mechanisms drive MVI and provide a potential immunotherapeutic target for HCC patients with HCC and underlying MVI.

Strengthening emotional intelligence intervention on behavior changes of mothers in stunting prevention

This study aimed to determine the effect of applying Emotional intelligence reinforcement to changes in stunting prevention behavior at the Kedung 2 Health Center, Jepara. This study employed a cross-sectional approach and data from participants at the Kedung 2 Public Health Center in Jepara. Public Health Center, Jepara. Participants were taken by purposive sampling according to predetermined maternal criteria, and 82 participants were obtained. Quasi-experimental research methods with two groups of emotional intelligence strengthening design, pre-intervention and post-intervention. Data collection used a questionnaire to measure the emotional intelligence of respondents and stunting prevention behavior. The data were then analyzed using the SPSS program. The correlation value shows that there is a strong relationship between the strengthening of emotional intelligence interventions and changes in maternal stunting prevention behavior, with a correlation value of 0.905 and a significance value of less than 0.001. The results of the T-test also showed significant behavioral changes in stunting prevention behavior before and after the application of strengthening emotional intelligence, with a significance value of 0.008. Strengthening emotional intelligence has a strong positive correlation with stunting prevention behavior, and the results of the T-test show that there is a significant effect on the results of stunting prevention behavior between before and after strengthening emotional intelligence. As a result, strengthening maternal emotional intelligence should be a priority to prevent stunting.

Technological Parameters of Microfiltration in the Production of Micellar Casein Concentrate

Background:: There are many different factors that influence the process of microfiltration, including membrane pore size, pressure, temperature, and membrane origin. Studying the joint influence of technological parameters in order to justify rational modes of microfiltration is relevant. Objective:: This research aimed to define the rational technological parameters of microfiltration, which allow to achieve the target parameters of retentate in the process of obtaining micellar casein concentrate. Methods:: Standard and modified methods and techniques have been used in the process of experimental research. The mathematical processing was carried out by methods of mathematical statistics according to several trials data at three stage sequence. Results:: As a result of experimental investigations, the applicability of ceramic membranes for microfiltration of skim milk has been shown. The rational pore size has been established as 0,1 μm. To obtain the micellar casein concentrate, it is advisably to carry out the microfiltration of skim milk to the mass fraction of dry solids in concentrate (13 ± 3) %, followed by two-phase diafiltration with a double volume of reverse osmosis water. The rational operating conditions, allowing to get the target value of protein fractions correlation, have been established, as described as follows: input pressure as 0,2 – 0,3 MPa, and temperature as 10 – 15°С. Conclusion:: The analysis of microfiltration concentrates and permeates composition of raw milk, including vitamins and minerals content, showed both their high nutritional and biological value and the viability of further processing into food ingredients, including the ingredients for the specialized food products.

EFL teacher self and collective efficacy scale (ETSCE): Developing efficacy measures in teaching EFL

This study aimed to develop a self- and collective efficacy measure for Indonesian EFL teachers focusing on teaching responsibilities, undertaken student advisory, coping English as classroom communication, English milieu, and institutional tasks. This study focused on demonstrating the development and validity of EFL Teacher Self- and Collective Efficacy Scale (ETSCE). The study used a quantitative research approach with cross-sectional survey research design. There were sixty-two EFL teachers involved in the study chosen using a voluntary sampling technique. Results showed that Content Validity Ratio (CVR) index was .5 with four panelists arguing valid with no revision. The internal consistency test showed a very highly reliable (α = .977) with no negative value in Inter-Item Correlation, which indicated all items measured the same underlying characteristics. Another result showed that all sub-scales in both self- and collective efficacy were categorized in a very highly reliable (α > .7) Therefore, the final ETSCE produced by this study is valid and reliable and can be a reference for those who have sought to study self- and collective efficacy in teaching EFL in Indonesia.

Satellite-based atmospheric characterization for sites of interest in millimeter and sub-millimeter astronomy

Context. Water vapor is the main source of atmospheric opacity for millimeter and sub-millimeter astronomy. Hence, several studies seek to effectively characterize it for site-testing purposes. In this task, reanalysis databases are quickly becoming a popular alternative to on-site measurements due to easy accessibility and the versatility of the data they provide. Aims. In the framework of validating the use of reanalysis data as a site-testing oriented tool, we perform a statistical comparison of atmospheric water vapor values obtainable from the MERRA-2 database with ground-based microwave radiometer measurements taken at two astronomical sites in Chile: Llano de Chajnantor, Atacama, and Cerro Paranal, Antofagasta. Methods. The MERRA-2 data were interpolated both vertically (across pressure levels) and geographically (latitude-longitude). For each site, different plots were generated: a direct temporal variation plot (to visually compare the data variation over time between both sources); a PWV versus PWV plot, fitting a linear fit through robust linear regression and calculating both the Pearson (r) and Spearman (ρ) correlation coefficients in order to look for correlations between both data sources; a histogram showing the distribution of the differences between the MERRA-2 data and the water vapor measurements (defined as APWV = PWVMERRA-2 − PWVsite), along with its standard deviation (σ), mean (µ), and median values, with the aim of better appreciating the similarities of the data sources over time; and a CDF plot to compare both data distributions disregarding time stamps. Finally, millimeter and sub-millimeter transmittance curves were created through the am atmospheric modeling software, which uses ozone and temperature data along with the verified water vapor data for the two studied sites as well as three other sites of interest for the next-generation Event Horizon Telescope: Las Campanas Observatory near La Serena, Chile; Valle Nevado, located near Santiago, Chile; and the General Bernardo O’Higgins base, located in Antarctica. Results. The interpolated MERRA-2 PWV values are highly correlated with the ground-based PWV values, with a Pearson coefficient greater than 0.9 and a Spearman coefficient higher than 0.85. However, their dependence is not linear, as PWVAPEX = m * PWV, with m being higher than 0.9 in both cases. The difference histograms show an almost zero-centered distribution for Llano de Chajnantor, with a µ value of −0.021 and a median value of −0.007. On the other hand, in Cerro Paranal, the difference histogram is slightly offset toward positive values, with µ value of 0.171 and a median value of 0.256. This offset is most likely due to the strong winds present in the site’s location, close to the Pacific Ocean. The transmittance curves show different performances depending on the site studied, with Cerro Chajnantor being the highest overall transmittance and Antarctica the lowest. Additionally, the transmittance profiles estimated for Cerro Chajnantor and Cerro Paranal were scaled using the PWV measurements, providing differences of less than 12% to the model data profiles. Results obtained at the Valle Nevado site suggest promising atmospheric conditions for stronomic observations in the millimeter and sub-millimeter range. Conclusions. The results we obtained show that the atmospheric water vapor estimation using MERRA-2 data can be used for site testing of new sites by evaluating the millimeter–sub-millimeter transmittance profile through vertical pressure correction and averaging the closest grid points to the site. This new method opens the door for future site-testing studies using MERRA-2 and potentially other reanalysis databases (e.g., ERA5) as reliable sources of information.

QbD Assisted Development and Validation of UV Spectroscopic Method in Estimation of Silymarin

Background: Silymarin is a flavonoid utilised in liver dysfunction for years; new studies have emphasised its potential utility as a therapy for nanoparticulate targeting in many other disorders. In order to establish the product quality of such compounds, researchers have been trying to develop a robust method of analysis, but the methods developed till now are too expensive and time-consuming. Here we proposed quality by design-assisted development and validation of the UV spectroscopic method using Design-Expert® software in the estimation of Silymarin for fabrication of nanoparticulate formulations, which is simple, accurate, cost-effective and non-tedious. Aim: The proposed method is a simple, new, robust, accurate, and precise UV visible spectroscopic technique for estimating silymarin produced in nano-formulations utilising an analytical quality by design (AQbD) approach. Methods: A UV spectrophotometric technique was established, as maximum absorption (287.7) was measured using a Shimadzu UV-1800 double-beam UV visible spectrophotometer. The characterization of silymarin was done by melting point, DSC and FTIR techniques. The two critical method variables chosen were scanning speed and sample interval to be analysed by the design of experiment methodology utilizing the central composite design principle, which shows robustness and optimized technique involved in this work. Results: The spectroscopy technique was developed and validated as per International Conference of Harmonization recommendations. The Beer's-Lambert rule was followed in a series of 2-12 μg/ml dilution increments, with a correlation value of R2 = 0.999. The method's linearity was shown to be excellent across the concentration range. The percent recovery of the current method approach was determined to be within the confidential limitations, i.e., less than 2% expressed as % RSD, and the methodology was proved to be precise at inter and intraday variations (% RSD). The LOD and LOQ were found to be 0.264 μg/ml and 0.801 μg/ml which were also determined correctly. During specificity testing, no interfering peaks were found. Conclusion: This UV approach has been used successfully to determine the quantity of silymarin present in the nanoparticulate formulation, which can be used for testing its other pharmaceutical dosage forms.

Accurate and Efficient Stereo Matching via Attention Concatenation Volume.

Stereo matching is a fundamental building block for many vision and robotics applications. An informative and concise cost volume representation is vital for stereo matching of high accuracy and efficiency. In this article, we present a novel cost volume construction method, named attention concatenation volume (ACV), which generates attention weights from correlation clues to suppress redundant information and enhance matching-related information in the concatenation volume. The ACV can be seamlessly embedded into most stereo matching networks, the resulting networks can use a more lightweight aggregation network and meanwhile achieve higher accuracy. We further design a fast version of ACV to enable real-time performance, named Fast-ACV, which generates high likelihood disparity hypotheses and the corresponding attention weights from low-resolution correlation clues to significantly reduce computational and memory cost and meanwhile maintain a satisfactory accuracy. Furthermore, we design a highly accurate network ACVNet and a real-time network Fast-ACVNet based on our ACV and Fast-ACV respectively, which achieve state-of-the-art performance on several benchmarks.

Ultrasonic velocity change imaging of a human forearm

Abstract We have investigated noninvasive imaging of the adipose region in the living human body, utilizing an ultrasonic velocity change (UVC) method caused by body temperature change. Our primary goal is to determine the optimal measurement conditions for acquiring effective UVC images. To achieve this objective, we applied the UVC method to the forearm area, which is easily comprehensible in terms of the body’s internal structure and less susceptible to motion artifacts from the heartbeat. By utilizing echo data approximately 30 s after initiating ultrasonic warming, adjusting the time difference between paired images for UVC image generation to multiples of the heartbeat period, and selectively extracting and analyzing image pairs with high correlation values, we successfully obtained effective UVC images targeting humans for the first time. This process enables noninvasive differentiation between subcutaneous fat and muscle regions in the human forearm.

Measurement invairance and construct validity of the Turkish version of the learner autonomy scale in a sample of high and secondary school students

The goal of this research is to adapt the 24-item "Learner Autonomy Scale" developed by Sereti and Giossos (2018) in higher education samples into Turkish by examining the psychometric properties of high school and secondary school samples, and to determine whether these groups are equivalent in terms of measurement invariance. The scale was applied in high school (n = 475) and secondary school (n = 395) samples consisting of 870 students. Different from the original four-factor scale form, EFA applied to both groups revealed a two-factor (factor load range: .308-.775) and 21-item. Correlation values (r = .209-.392, p˂.001) indicate that the factors are not strongly related. The factors produced adequate internal consistency coefficients (α = .706-.866; ω = .708-.871) and were validated by meeting the fit indices accepted in the literature for CFA. Measurement invariance tests revealed strong invariance for the structural and metric tests and partial invariance for the scalar test in high school and secondary school samples. More research is needed to determine why the intersections of items 19, 20, and 21 are not invariant. The main contribution to "learner autonomy" in this study is the adaptation and justification of a valid and reliable measurement tool for determining autonomy in the adolescent age group. The use of the adapted scale in different educational environments and in the examination of "autonomy" by adapting it specific to the field (science, mathematics, etc.) will provide important implications for further theoretical studies.

Motor unit modes in the calf muscles during a submaximal isometric contraction are changed by brief stretches.

The purpose of our study was to investigate the influence of a stretch intervention on the common modulation of discharge rate among motor units in the calf muscles during a submaximal isometric contraction. The current report comprises a computational analysis of a motor unit dataset that we published previously (Mazzo etal., 2021). Motor unit activity was recorded from the three main plantar flexor muscles while participants performed an isometric contraction at 10% of the maximal voluntary contraction force before and after each of two interventions. The interventions were a control task (standing balance) and static stretching of the plantar flexor muscles. A factorization analysis on the smoothed discharge rates of the motor units from all three muscles yielded three modes that were independent of the individual muscles. The composition of the modes was not changed by the standing-balance task, whereas the stretching exercise reduced the average correlation in the second mode and increased it in the third mode. A centroid analysis on the correlation values showed that most motor units were associated with two or three modes, which were presumed to indicate shared synaptic inputs. The percentage of motor units adjacent to the seven centroids changed after both interventions: Control intervention, mode 1 decreased and the shared mode 1+2 increased; stretch intervention, shared modes either decreased (1+2) or increased (1+3). These findings indicate that the neuromuscular adjustments during both interventions were sufficient to change the motor unit modes when the same task was performed after each intervention. KEY POINTS: Based on covariation of the discharge rates of motor units in the calf muscles during a submaximal isometric contraction, factor analysis was used to assign the correlated discharge trains to three motor unit modes. The motor unit modes were determined from the combined set of all identified motor units across the three muscles before and after each participant performed a control and a stretch intervention. The composition of the motor unit modes changed after the stretching exercise, but not after the control task (standing balance). A centroid analysis on the distribution of correlation values found that most motor units were associated with a shared centroid and this distribution, presumably reflecting shared synaptic input, changed after both interventions. Our results demonstrate how the distribution of multiple common synaptic inputs to the motor neurons innervating the plantar flexor muscles changes after a brief series of stretches.

Bridging Geospatial and Semantic Worlds: Enhancing Analysis of Place-Based Concepts in GIS

People’s actions and behaviours contribute to the diversity and personality of a space, transforming it into a vibrant and thriving living environment. The main goal of this research is to present a GIS-based framework for assessing places. The framework is constructed based on the idea of conceptual spaces, integrating spatial and semantic concepts inside a geometric structure. The explanation of place-related concepts is achieved via the use of linear programming and convex polytopes. By projecting these concepts into the spatial domain, a strong connection between geographical and semantic space is established. This connection allows a wide range of analytical calculations using geographic information systems to be carried out. The study focuses on the sense of city centre in Tehran, Iran, by employing questionnaires administrated on-site to evaluate the correlation between identified city centres and the participants’ responses. The findings demonstrate a good correlation, as shown by a Pearson correlation value of 0.74 and a rank correlation coefficient of 0.8. Interestingly, the city centres that were selected did not always align with the geographic centre. However, participants still perceived them as city centres. This framework serves as a valuable tool for planners and policymakers, providing a comprehensive understanding of the built environment. By considering both semantic and geographical aspects, the framework emphasises the importance of emotions, memories, and meanings in creating an inclusive environment.

Modeling and simulation analysis of optimal layout scheme of aviation logistics park based on genetic algorithm

AbstractAs an important component of modern logistics industry, aviation logistics parks address the problems of unreasonable layout and low efficiency in traditional planning and construction methods. The study first constructed a grid model for optimizing the layout of functional areas in the aviation logistics park, and selected the layout scheme with the highest comprehensive correlation as the optimal planning. At the same time, three important model parameters were determined: prediction of cargo throughput, size of functional areas in the park, and comprehensive correlation values between functional areas. Subsequently, in response to the optimization problem of functional area layout in aviation logistics parks, a cosine adaptive genetic algorithm based on adaptive reversal operation was introduced to solve the model. According to the findings, the research mention algorithm has an average utilization rate of up to 69.64% in the international freight zone, which is a 12.38% improvement over the conventional genetic algorithm. Additionally, it has an average domestic cargo area utilization rate of 67.93%, 11.24% greater than the genetic algorithm. This demonstrated that the functional area layout scheme of the aviation logistics park produced by examining the suggested algorithm is extremely viable and offers new ideas and techniques for the planning and designing of aviation logistics parks.

Musical Preferences among Students Aged 9–19: A Study on Musical Genres and Styles

This study aimed to explore students’ musical genre preferences, exploring variations across gender and age groups in Hungary. Additionally, we investigated the relationships among the popularity of musical genres and connections between musical programs and related activities. With the help of stratified sampling, we examined the opinions of students aged 9–19 about each genre (N = 1159) using specific musical examples. In this study, musical genres were classified into four main types based on related music videos, including classical popular music (CPM), rock music (RM), classical art music (CAM), and folk music (FM). Different types of analyses, such as t-tests, one-way and two-way ANOVAs, and correlational analyses such as correlation coefficients (r), chi-square tests, and eta squares, were employed in this study. The results showed that the popularity of the four pieces of music classified as CPM, RM, CAM, and FM had a moderately strong correlation with each other. The correlations between FM, CPM, and RM did not differ from each other, but they showed significantly weaker correlation values than the correlation between FM and CAM. Moreover, significant differences were found in the students’ perceptions of the genres based on their gender and age groups. Among the four performances, the girls had a greater preference compared to the boys for each one, except for the folk music piece. The youngest age group (9–12) showed the highest preference for the CPM, although the difference compared to the oldest age group (17–19) was not statistically significant. Therefore, this study is beneficial for music education, focusing on students’ genre preferences, including CPM, RM, CAM, and FM.

CROP HEIGHT ESTIMATION OF WHEAT USING SENTINEL-1 SATELLITE IMAGERY: PRELIMINARY RESULTS

Abstract. Wheat is one of the primary crop productions for half of the global production. It is the most exported cereal, which reached up to 40% according to the records of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in 2020. The relationship between the crop parameters and remote sensing tools has become essential for the temporal monitoring and estimations of crop growth. In this study, we investigate the relationship between crop height and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) backscatter. Plant height was collected twice, in the early (13 April 2023) and late stages (21 June 2023) of wheat, for a total of 70 samples. Sentinel-1 SAR data was also attempted to be synchronized with ground measurements. For this purpose, 8 images were obtained, 4 in both ascending (8 and 15 April, 16 and 26 June) and descending (9 and 14 April, 20 and 25 June) directions. The basic steps of image pre-processing, calibration, filtering, and topography correction, were applied to each image. By evaluating the correlation coefficients between plant height and images, data with low correlations were excluded and the first three data, dated 8 April and 19 June, were used for plant height estimation. For prediction purposes, Linear Regression (LR) and Random Forest (RF) methods were evaluated with three different training data sets. The highest correlation and minimum error value were achieved by VH polarization with random forest (r = 0.868, RMSE = 5.377 cm) in the early stage and LR (r = 0.616, RMSE = 14.451 cm) in the late stage. In general, higher training (80%) and lower test data (20%) produced better results.

THE DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR EVALUATING GALLIC ACID IN ETHYL ACETATE FRACTION (EAF) OF SNEDDS FORMULATION: QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS WITH IN VITRO ASSAY

Objective: This study aimed to develop a simple, accurate, precise, sensitive, robust, and stable analytical method for the evaluation of gallic acid in Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) incorporating ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) of Melastoma malabathricum leaves in combination with Gentamicin. Methods: Validation process followed ICH guidelines and applied a reverse phase HPLC method with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-phosphoric buffer at pH 3.03 (20:80 v/v). The stationary phase consisted of a VP-ODS shim-pack C-18 column (250x4.6 mm) with a flow rate of 0.2 ml/min and detection at 263 nm using an Ultraviolet detector. Additionally, antioxidant activity was assessed through the DPPH and FRAP methods, and SPF value was determined with a UV/Vis spectrophotometer in the 290-390 nm wavelength range. Results: The results showed that the retention time of quercetin was 16.648 min with a tailing factor of 1.623. The regression equation (y=224689x-989000) had a concentration range of 10-55 µg/ml and a correlation value of 0.9920. Limit of Detection (LOD) and Limit of Quantification (LOQ) were found to be 2.394±0.086 and 7.254±0.260 µg/ml, respectively. Method accuracy, determined by recovery values at concentrations of 50%, 100%, and 150%, ranged from 91.18% to 109.49%. Repeatability inter-day variations were expressed as %RSD values of 1.027-1.963% for AUC and 0.150-0.145 for RT. Moreover, the applied method showed stability within a temperature range of 14 °C–35 °C. Analysis showed gallic acid content of 1.773±0.049 mg/g in SNEDDS EAF formulation. Antioxidant activity measured through the DPPH and FRAP methods yielded IC50 values of 4.167±0.552 µg/ml and 20.253±0.619 µg/ml, respectively, while SPF value at SNEDDS concentration of 150 µg/ml was 36.993±0.183. Conclusion: This study successfully developed a precise, accurate, specific, and stable method for quantifying gallic acid levels in SNEDDS EAF of Melastoma malabathricum leaves in combination with Gentamicin. Therefore, SNEDDS EAF formulation exhibited an effective wound-healing potential, supported by a robust quality control process.

LC-MS/MS-BASED QUANTITATIVE PROFILING OF PAPAIN ENZYME IN CARICA PAPAYA L.: METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION

Objective: To develop and validate a sensitive Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for quantifying the Papain enzyme in Carica papaya L. plant extracts. Methods: As an internal standard (IS), Papain was procured. A gradient-based LC-MS/MS method was developed using the Quasar C18, 150 mm × 2.1 mm, 3 µm column; the drug separation was accomplished using a gradient elution mode with a mobile phase consisting of 0.2% formic acid in water (A) and a 98:2% ratio of formic acid in acetonitrile (B). The mobile phase was injected with a volume of 10 µl at a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min. Results: Matrix-matched calibration adhering to SANCO guidelines was employed for accurate quantification, covering a concentration range of 1 to 2000 ng/ml. The method's selectivity and linearity were confirmed with an R2 correlation value of 0.990. Limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were determined as 170.5 ng/ml and 516.8 ng/ml, respectively. The developed LC-MS/MS method demonstrated robust analytical performance, providing a solid basis for quantifying Papain enzyme levels in Carica papaya L. plant extracts. The matrix-matched calibration approach, with a well-defined standard calibration curve, showcased the method's selectivity and linearity. The LOD and LOQ values further underscored the method's sensitivity. Conclusion: This study successfully establishes and validates a gradient-based LC-MS/MS method for accurate quantification of Papain enzyme levels in Carica papaya L. plant extracts. The demonstrated precision, accuracy, and sensitivity support the reliability of this analytical approach, offering a valuable tool for future investigations into the biological effects of Papain.

Height, Push-Off Angle, Explosive Power: Do they Correlate with Volleyball Athlete Jumping Performance?

Background and Study Aim: Jump performance is the main asset in attacking volleyball. Jump performance is influenced by various factors that affect this indicator, such as body balance, upper and lower body coordination, as well as explosive power. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between height, push-off angle, explosive power, and jumping performance in volleyball student athletes. Material and Methods: The method used was a correlational, 7 male volleyball student athletes as samples (age = 21.00 ± 1.732 years, height = 167.86 ± 1.864 cm). Sampling technique used is purposive sampling, Shapiro-Wilk and Levene's test to determine normality and homogeneity. Data calculations were processed using the help of IBM SPSS version 26.0., with decision making p < 0.05. Results: Variable Push-Off Angle and Explosive Power show significant results (p < 0.05). The Pearson correlation value for Push-Off Angle is -0.781, while the correlation value for Explosive Power is 0.908. Conversely, the variable Height does not show significant results (p > 0.05), with a Pearson Correlation value of -0.334. The findings indicate that the aspect of Explosive Power provides a significant contribution with a positive relationship. This is followed by the aspect of Push-Off Angle, but the results show that this aspect provides a moderate contribution with a negative relationship. Additionally, the aspect of Height shows a negative relationship and a low contribution value. Conclusions: The Study’s findings conclude that Push-Off Angle and Explosive Power have a significant correlation and play a crucial role in enhancing Jump Performance. However, Body Height does not exhibit a significant correlation with Jump Performance. These findings also conclude that the aspect that plays a crucial role in jump performance is explosive power.

Spatially uncorrelated two port MIMO DRA using phase gradient PRS for dual directional pattern diversity

This study presents a system utilizing a cylindrical shape ceramic along with a suspended frequency selective surface (FSS), designed for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) applications with dual ports. The proposed antenna system showcases dual pattern diversity properties introducing spatially uncorrelated pattern. Key features of the structured radiator include the arrangement of cylindrical ceramic and the incorporation of an FSS. The alumina ceramic is purposefully placed on the upper part of the dielectric with a joint ground plane. These ceramics are stimulated using circular aperture. To reduce the far-field correlation, FSS with similar phase gradients are placed at the top of DRA at a certain distance. This arrangement yields two distinct radiation patterns from the two ports, ensuring a diverse radiation pattern for the antenna. The proposed technique yields significant improvements, surpassing 10 dB in isolation and achieving a 70% improvement in correlation values. The measured results validate the applicability of this antenna structure for WLAN access point applications within the 5.15–5.35 GHz frequency range.

The role of self-interest in unethical pro-organizational behavior: A nomological network meta-analysis.

To date, the unethical pro-organizational behavior (UPB) literature has been guided by a prosocial perspective, which argues that people engage in UPB primarily to benefit the employers with whom they identify and have a positive social exchange. According to this perspective, employees who are characteristically self-interested are less likely to engage in UPB. However, recent evidence suggests self-interest may play a larger role in motivating UPB than originally theorized. To clarify this controversy, we offer two different, but not necessarily mutually exclusive, perspectives of UPB-one in which UPB is driven primarily by prosocial motives and one in which it is driven primarily by self-interest. We tested which of these accounts of UPB was more strongly supported by comparing UPB's relationships with two nomological networks: one containing relatively prosocially motivated constructs and the other containing relatively self-interest-motivated constructs. Two of the eight hypotheses from the prosocial perspective were supported, while seven of the eight hypotheses from the self-interest perspective were supported. Additionally, the average absolute value of UPB's correlations with prosocial perspective constructs was .09, while the comparable average correlation with self-interest perspective constructs was .33. Thus, the results favored the self-interest perspective. We discuss how these findings change our theoretical understanding of UPB by acknowledging both its prosocial and self-interest motivations, and we accordingly propose a revised definition for UPB that allows for both of these motivations. We also examined more broadly the relationship between UPB and other constructs to provide a comprehensive meta-analytic overview of this literature. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Spatiotemporal analysis of meteorological drought in El Niño years over Oromia region, Ethiopia

Drought is one of the most common natural disasters globally, having major impacts on environmental, economic, and social conditions and Ethiopia is no exception particularly the Oromia region. In order to evaluate and characterize the meteorological droughts associated with El Niño years over the Oromia region, the satellite data CHIRPS was used. The monthly time series data for the period from 1991 to 2020 was used for temporal and spatial analysis of meteorological drought using standardized precipitation index (SPI) across SPI3, SPI6, SPI9 and SPI12 indices using GeoCLIM, GIS, and Python tools. The results of this study show that meteorological droughts during the El Niño years indicated an increment across weak, moderate, and strong El Niño events over the Oromia region. The dryness was visualized with frequency and duration in time-scale across short-term drought indices in time steps. The time-scale temporal meteorological drought indices in three to twelve months show that the drought indices varied in magnitude, duration, and frequency in meteorological droughts. In general, the meteorological drought severity of correlation for the remaining zones analysis between SPI3 and SPI6, SPI6 and SPI12, and SPI9 and SPI12 indices was dominated by an increment of the correlation values over short to long timescales over the study area.