Value Chain Analysis Research Articles

Gender integration of agricultural innovation: implications for the genetically modified crop product development pipeline

ABSTRACT We provide guidance on how to incorporate best practices around gender integration in the development of genetically improved crops by adapting a gender integration framework for conventional crop breeding to the GM product development pipeline, which places greater emphasis on the discovery and launch phases because the technical nature of the development process means fewer opportunities for farmer engagement or pivoting possibilities between these two ends of the product development spectrum. For crop innovation to be relevant to both women and men producers, during the discovery phase, developers can conduct baseline gender analysis consisting of gender-disaggregated value chain analysis, systematic learning about gender-specific crop trait preferences, and identification of varietal preferences by women and men along the value chain. The latter opportunity in the GM product development pathway for intentional gender integration is deployment, including pre-launch activities such as field demonstrations and consumer testing. We also describe ex ante and ex post gender impact assessment methods. We conclude with a number of gender integration recommendations for GM product developers: improving gender data collection and analysis to inform crop innovation efforts, investing in staffing and training of scientific teams to enhance gender expertise, and increasing accountability of product development teams with gender-intentional monitoring and evaluation systems.

Value Chain Analysis of Silver Perch (Bidyanus bidyanus) in Banilan Pakil, Laguna, Philippines

Value Chain Analysis of Silver Perch (Bidyanus bidyanus) in Banilan Pakil, Laguna, Philippines

Tracing thermal power emissions footprint in a global value chains perspective

The power sector has become one of the biggest challenges to global climate mitigation through fuel-based generation. Using a database of 35,000 thermal-power plants worldwide, this study measures thermal-power-emissions footprint through global value chains (GVCs) analysis and explores drivers of footprint change by LMDI. The main findings show that international trade induces over 20% of global thermal-power-emissions and biomass-power-emissions grows by almost 20% p.a., while other fuel-power-emissions grows by less than 2.5% p.a. Furthermore, the results of thermal-power-emissions considered on the producer and consumer side vary considerably, and forced by further consumption demand growth in high-income economies, low and middle-income economies remain in negative thermal-power-emissions transfer in 2019, deteriorating further in complex GVC and traditional trade. Per capita demand and population growth account for most thermal-power-emissions growth. Reducing effects are strongest in extreme event years when power demand falls, followed by rising clean-power shares and unit generation costs. In addition, biomass-power with weak abatement constraints contributes up to a quarter of global thermal-power-emissions growth, or 7% of global carbon emissions growth. Based on these findings, recommendations such as establishing eco-cooperation for low-carbon generation techs and improving cross-border access to clean-power are proposed to achieve a globally efficient and practical effect of thermal-power mitigation.

Strengthening the governance of food systems for nutrition in Africa: a political economy analysis of food policy in South Africa and Ghana.

To examine underlying political economy factors that enable or impede the integration of nutrition considerations into food system governance. Comparative political economy analysis of data collected through (1) value chain analyses of selected healthy and unhealthy commodities and (2) food system policy analyses, using a theoretical framework focused on power, politics, interests and ideas. Ghana and South Africa. Value chain actors relevant to healthy and unhealthy foods (Ghana n 121; South Africa n 72) and policy stakeholders from government (Health, Agriculture, Trade and Industry, Finance), academia, civil society, development partners, Civil Society Organization (CSO) and private sector (Ghana n 28; South Africa n 48). Nutrition was a stated policy priority in both countries; however, policy responsibility was located within the health sector, with limited integration of nutrition into food system sectors (including Agriculture, Trade and Industry). Contributing factors included a conceptions of policy responsibilities for nutrition and food systems, dominant ideas and narratives regarding the economic role of the food industry and the purpose of food system policy, the influence of large food industry actors, and limited institutional structures for cross-sectoral engagement and coordination. Integrating nutrition into multi-sectoral food policy to achieve multiple food system policy goals will require strategic action across jurisdictions and regional levels. Opportunities included increasing investment in healthy traditional foods, strengthening urban/rural linkages and informal food systems, and strengthening institutional structures for policy coherence and coordination related to nutrition.

Analysis of value chain of the artisanal sea urchin fishery of Baja California, México

The value chain analysis provides a comprehensive perspective about fisheries production and key actors involved. This information is relevant for small-scale fisheries and highlights their socioeconomic contribution. Mexico is ranks fifth among the sea urchin exporting countries. In Baja California, Mexico, this fishery is one of the main small-scale fisheries in due to its high commercial value as well as its valuable source of employment and social benefits to communities. However, there is a lack study about commercial process. For an understanding of the socioeconomic dynamics surrounding the activity, this paper aim was analyzed the value chain of the sea urchin fishery through a structural mapping, identified the key-actors and the links among them. Data come from official records and interviews with producers, process plant administrators, and government staff. We identified three nodes and seven production routes and their price variations along the route, through which producers release the captured sea urchin roes to reach the market. Through the value chain, women participation in post-capture activities and their role as leaders in fishing organizations stands out. Relationships within and between nodes primarily informal with limitations for negotiation. Collaboration agreements between producers and the government need to be permanent and promote cooperation among all stakeholders to improve management strategies. Finally, it is suggested that government actions be focused on ensuring compliance with fishing regulations, promoting capability building, and encouraging financial investment to enhance the sustainability of the sea urchin fishery.

Milk Value Chain Analysis: The Case of Urban and Peri-Urban Areas of Ambo and Dendi Districts, West Shewa Zone, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia

This study was aimed at analyzing value chain of milk in Urban and Peri – Urban areas of Ambo and Dendi districts of West Shewa Zone. The study made use of both primary and secondary data collected from 146 smallholder farmers, 30 consumers, 10 Hotels and Cafeterias and 2 primary milk cooperatives through application of individual interview schedules, focus group discussions and key informant interview. The analysis was made using descriptive statistics and value chain analysis. The value chain analysis revealed that the major actors in the districts milk value chains are input suppliers, milk producers, collectors, processors and consumers. Accordingly, the value chain activities in the chain were input supply, production, processing, marketing and consumption. Four milk marketing channels were identified and relative to all other fresh milk marketing channels, producers get a higher proportion of total gross marketing margin when they sell milk to cooperatives. Profitability analysis result for dairy production indicated that, a dairy producer obtains average gross margin of 83.65per improved cow per day, in the study areas which shows that dairy production was a profitable venture for smallholder dairy producers. Milk value chain in the study areas was hindered by shortage of feeds, continuous increasing price of feeds, poor AI service provision, poor supply of genetically improved cattle breeds, limited availability of credit services, limited extension service provision, poor feeding and animal husbandry practices, low level of market linkage among the value chain actors, absence of milk processing plant and non-market oriented milk production. Therefore, policy aiming at increasing farmers’ access to modern inputs, feed conservation practices, adequate training provision to AI technicians, developing and improving infrastructure, cooperative development and improving extension services are recommended to accelerate the milk value chain’s development in the study areas.

Classification and structural analysis of value chain contracts for biodiversity conservation in the European Union

Enhancing biodiversity is crucial for ensuring food security and fostering sustainable agricultural practices. To this end, agri-environmental and climate schemes (AECS) and innovative contracts are implemented to promote biodiversity conservation and Ecosystem Services. Studying the implemented contracts and their characteristics can lead to improving their performance and efficiency. This paper examines the value chain contracts covered in three European projects and classifies them based on their contractual, financial, environmental and biodiversity characteristics. The design of the contracts was analyzed and seven categories were identified regarding the structure of the value chains and the interplay among stakeholders within these contracts. Our findings underscore the significant role of the private sector in preserving biodiversity and financing environmental practices, complemented by the public sector's contribution in motivating farmers and raising consumer awareness.

Value chain analysis of wheat in the case of North Shewa Zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia

Value chain analysis of wheat in the case of North Shewa Zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia

Economic and analysis of the sheep meat value chain in Algeria

The main objective of this study is to comprehensively examine and analyze the various stages and components of the sheep meat value chain in Algeria. Specifically, this research aims to investigate the production, processing, distribution, and marketing aspects of sheep meat in a highly productive region within the Wilaya of Tiaret, located in northwest Algeria.A survey was conducted between 2019 and 2021, involving 57 breeders, 22 sheep dealers, 31 butchers, 2 slaughterhouse managers, and 510 consumers. The study identified two distinct marketing circuits for sheep meat in the region: one operating year-round and the other during the religious celebration of Aid El Adha. However, it was observed that the weak organization among the various actors in the value chain led to price fluctuations throughout the year.The study also revealed that sheep dealers had a lower net commercial margin than butchers, with an average of 5,902 DA per head for the former and a range of 7,200 DA to 8,200 DA for the latter, depending on the carcass category.The findings presented in this study not only contribute to academic knowledge but also serve as a practical guide for decision-makers, enabling them to implement policies that enhance the organization, efficiency, and sustainability of the sheep meat value chain in the Tiaret region.

Value Chain Analysis of Cattle Feed Market in Banaskantha District, India

India has vast resources of livestock and poultry, which play a vital role in improving the socio-economic conditions of rural masses. Livestock sector contributed 4.90 per cent of total GVA in 2020-21. Birthal and Jha [1] has found feed scarcity as the main limiting factor to improving livestock productivity. Therefore, to increase the productivity potential of milch animals the use of commercial compound feed is inevitable as supply of feed & fodder is shortening due to shrinking pasture land in the country. The Indian feed industry is about 57 years old. India is deficient in fodder and its availability is shrinking day by day due to decrease in cultivable area and increased share in food crop production so more thrust should be directed towards compound feeds by identifying the constraints and removing them.This study focused on the effectiveness of the feed industry and the performance of the value chain when mapping the cattle feed value chain in the Banaskantha district of Gujarat state. Total of ten feed manufacturing units and 120 farmers were selected for the study. The study was based on primary data and secondary data, the primary data were collected through personal interviews with the help of a structured survey schedule. Secondary data on livestock population were collected through the livestock census, Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India. A multi stage random sampling method was adopted as an appropriate sampling procedure for the study. Banaskantha district was purposely selected for the study as Banaskantha district has highest livestock population in overall Gujarat State. Four talukas from Banaskantha district were selected randomly and feed manufacturing units were selected by snowball sampling method. From each taluka, five villages were selected randomly. From each village, six farmers were selected randomly. The study focused on buying behavior of farmers regarding cattle feed purchase and to estimate demand for concentrated feed requirements for the future in Banaskantha district. The study found that among the eight explanatory (independent) variables, five variables viz., livestock population, farm size, feed price, income from livestock, total feed fed per day were found to be significantly associated with expenditure of cattle feed price per animal per month and other variables such as average age of the animal, technology adoption and distance from buying location were statistically non-significant. The required feed demand for future livestock populations in Banaskantha district are 3651480 metric tonnes, 4487461 metric tonnes, 5514543 metric tonnes, 6774097 metric tonnes and 8315523 metric tonnes for the year 2024, 2029,2034, 2039 and 2044 respectively.

Value Chain Analysis of Haricot Bean in East Shewa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

The key objectives of the study were identifying haricot bean value chain actors, their functions and relationship among them, examining actor’s performance along the chain and analyzing factors affecting supply to the market and factors affecting market outlet choice in the study area. Both primary and secondary sources were used for data collection. The primary data was collected through interviewing 180 sample household farmers and 40 traders using semi-structured questionnaires. STATA version 15 Software was used for data analyzing. As the descriptive result indicate that, on average farmers allocate 0.72ha of land for haricot bean production, from which 21.72qt/ha of output gained. In the value chain of haricot bean input suppliers, farmers, collectors, traders, transporters and consumers are the major value chain actors who perform various value chain. From the study result, six marketing channels of haricot bean are exhibited in the study areas. Estimates of the multiple linear regression models indicate that the level of haricot bean supplied to the market is determined by educational level of household, haricot bean farming experience, land allocated for haricot bean, market price of haricot bean, TLU, access to credit, and access to market information. Therefore, policy makers should focus more on the abovementioned variables in the future intervention to increase volume of haricot bean supplied to the market. As the multivariate probit model result indicated that the market outlet choice of rural assemblers was positively and significantly influenced by distance to the nearest market center, distance to all weather road, and educational level whereas it’s negatively and significantly influenced by output level where as selling direct to consumers outlet choice was negatively and significantly affected by sex of household, educational level, farm experience of household in haricot bean, and output level. Urban traders/wholesalers market outlet was positively and significantly affected by sex of household, educational level, haricot bean farm experience, access to credit, access to market information, membership of cooperative, and output level whereas it’s negatively influenced by distance to the nearest market center, distance to all weather road and extension service. Based on the findings of this study, some relevant implications can be drawn that can assist to design appropriate intervention mechanisms to improve market outlets choice of haricot bean farmers in the study area.

Penerapan Metode Ward and Peppard dalam Analisis Infrastruktur TI pada Global Youth Action

Global Youth Action is a company engaged in youth empowerment with a focus on supporting the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through the collaboration of various youth movements in Indonesia and internationally. However, the company still faces challenges in terms of infrastructure and information system (IS) applications that are not fully capable of supporting business processes optimally. One of the main obstacles is the limited human resources who have expertise in managing SI and information technology (IT) effectively. In preparing the SI strategic planning framework, this research uses the Ward and Peppard approach to analyze company needs. The analysis process includes mapping the company's internal and external environment through Value Chain Analysis and SWOT Analysis, as well as grouping the application portfolio using McFarlan Strategic Grid. The results of this research recommend the development of various applications such as the Global Youth Action Website application, SAP application, customer service information system, asset information system, and executive information system. These recommendations are expected to provide strategic direction for the global youth action company, as well as improve IT HR competencies and strengthen the application portfolio to support the sustainability of business processes at Global Youth Action.

Poland in International Supply Chains in 1995-2020: Global Value Chains and Shift-Share Analysis

Poland in International Supply Chains in 1995-2020: Global Value Chains and Shift-Share Analysis

Role of energy value chain in carbon neutrality: A review

Value chain analysis is an important tool for optimizing operations and decision-making in enterprises. As the concept of sustainable development gains recognition worldwide, research on value chains is increasingly focused on sustainability. Traditionally, energy management and value management have operated in parallel with limited intersections. However, after the 2015 Paris Agreement set the goal of achieving net-zero emissions, carbon management has become integral to national strategies, necessitating a re-evaluation of traditional value chains. In this paper, the “energy value chain” is introduced, a novel concept that integrates energy consumption with value creation and carbon emissions, emphasizing the coupling relationships among “energy flow”, “value flow”, and “carbon flow.” From a review of current value chains in the power, steel, petroleum, and transportation industries, the specific energy value chain for each industry is defined and its rationale and effectiveness are discussed. This integrated analytical method provides a strategic tool for industries or enterprises to optimize energy consumption, reduce carbon emissions, and enhance competitive advantage.

Investigation of the Knowledge Level of Hospital Managers About Strategic Management Tools and Their Use

Objectives: Effective and efficient implementation of all elements of strategic management is important for health organizations to achieve their future goals. This study aims to examine the knowledge levels of hospital managers about strategic management tools, their usage of these tools, and the priorities and needs in tool selection. Materials and Methods: The population of the study is the managers working in private hospitals in Antalya Province. 90 managers constitute the sample of the study. The data were collected by face-to-face questionnaire method. The questionnaire includes sociodemographic characteristics form and statements to measure the level of knowledge and use of strategic management tools. Mann Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were applied to examine the differences between groups, and Spearman Correlation Analysis was applied to examine the relationships between variables. SPSS.25 Package Program was used to analyze the data obtained. Statistical significance was accepted at 0.05 level. Results: 59% of the participants were female, 63% had a bachelor's degree, and the majority (41%) were middle managers. Those who did not receive managerial training and strategic management training were the majority (54% and 71%, respectively). When the knowledge level of the managers about strategic management tools was analyzed, mission and vision (98.9%) received the highest score, and value chain analysis (73.3%) received the lowest score. It was observed that the priorities of the administrators in the selection of strategic management tools were different between the groups according to gender, level of education, and type of school graduated from. In addition, statistically significant relationships were found between the priorities in the selection of strategic management tools and age, professional experience and years of working in the organization. Conclusion: Managers have limited knowledge and use of strategic management tools and there are differences in the selection of strategic management tools according to their sociodemographic status.

Value Chain Analysis of Apple in Shimla District of Himachal Pradesh, India

The study sought to acquire extensive insights into the markets and associated marketing strategies within the Shimla district during the year 2021-22. Employing a random sampling technique, a representative sample comprising five traders, five wholesalers, five retailers, and thirty actively engaged consumers in the apple marketing sector was selected. The investigation identified the presence of five distinct marketing channels in the study area. Channel-V, which involves the processing of apples into value-added forms such as jam, wine, and juice, exhibited the most substantial degree of value addition, contributing 55.80 percent to the overall value addition. In the study area, the majority of farmers acquire their inputs from private institutes. A methodically prepared value chain map illustrates the continuous transfer of produce from farmers to consumers. Notably, the wholesale stage experienced the most significant loss, amounting to 4.11 kg per quintal. In the storage of apples, the storage unit gained a profit of 140 Rs per kg, while in the processing of apples, the processing unit it was 13333.59 Rs. per quintal.

Assessment of Garcinia kola Heckl value chain and its contribution to the livelihoods of local populations in Eastern Cameroon

The value chain analyses of a product can provide vital information for improving the production, value addition, market organization and boost the contribution of the product to the income of the stakeholders involved. Hence, this study was carried out on the Garcinia kola value chain in Belabo, Cameroon. Twenty-three focus group discussions were held, and semi-structured surveys were administered to 135 stakeholders engaged in the G. kola value chain in the Belabo municipality. The results reveal that nuts, barks, and roots are the main parts collected. The nuts are marketed without processing while the barks and roots are consumed directly, marketed or processed into powder before consumption and marketing. G. kola value chain in Belabo has two levels of structuring, rural and urban. Nuts are sold by the unit or in buckets corresponding to the kilogram, with the price per nut ranging from 0.4 to 1.70 USD, depending on whether you're in the rural or urban market. It also varies according to production season and nut size. Barks and roots are sold all year round, generally in piled strips weighing approximately 100 g, with prices ranging from 0.17 to 1.75 USD on the rural and urban markets, respectively. The main stakeholders involved in the value chain are collectors/harvesters, local traders, retailers and wholesalers. Marketing provides more income to wholesalers and retailers, contributing over 35 % and 20 % to their annual income and less than 30 % and 15 %, respectively, to those of collectors and local traders. The major problems the G. kola value chain in this locality is facing are the attack of the product by weevils (24 % of citation), poor storage facilities and deforestation (14 %), price fluctuation, and lack of market (13.33 and 11.85 %). In Belabo, the marketing of G. kola is not profitable for the collectors, who are the main actors in the production chain characterized by rudimentary processing, poor storage and preservation techniques high marketing. The organization of the different stakeholder into association would help to better structuring the G. kola value in Belabo are the two main opportunities for improving the G. kola value chain with the potential of increase its contribution to the livelihoods of the different main stakeholders involved. In addition, policymakers should consider initiating innovations to boost production, support conservation, processing and price regulation to scale up economic and environmental benefits from G. kola.

Integration of Indian inventor networks in global value chains in pharmaceuticals industry

ABSTRACT The network approach of value chain analysis examines the role and centrality of various actors and their interrelationships with other actors, besides establishing the role of external linkages in this process. This paper tries to combine the effect of research networks on the geographic dispersion of innovative activity in the Indian pharmaceutical industry. We use activity-wise data from USPTO's patents to establish the level of integration of Indian innovative firms in the pharmaceutical global value chain. Using Tobit analysis, we examine the nature of the collaborative pattern of firms and establish whether this pattern of the inventor network level translates to integration into global networks in terms of geographic dispersion. We analyse the geographic dispersion of inventor networks as a function of the characteristics of the innovative actors that coordinate their inventive work. We show the level of integration of Indian innovative firms in the pharmaceuticals global value chain and assess the structure of these research networks. This helped contextualize firms' roles by contrasting them with other institutional types. The level of integration of Indian firms is low in terms of the geographic dispersal of innovation networks, while the private universities and public research centres are more geographically dispersed.

Value Chain Analysis in dried fig and chestnut: The case of Aydın province

Purpose: The main objective of this research is to reveal the economic contribution of each link of the value chain in dried fig and chestnut production. In this context, it aims to measure and analyze the economic contribution of these products to the province of Aydın by examining all actors in the value chain, including producers, intermediaries, processors and exporters in dried figs and chestnuts. Design/Methodology/Approach: The material of the research consists of fig and chestnut actors who contributed to the value chain in the districts and villages of Aydın between February and July 2022. A total of 241 survey data were used in the study, including 90 dried fig producers, 81 chestnut producers (171 producers in total), 20 dried fig intermediaries, 20 chestnut intermediaries (40 intermediaries in total), four dried fig processors, three chestnut processors (seven processors in total), 20 dried fig exporters, three chestnut exporters (23 exporters in total). In calculating the value chain, gross margin, absolute marketing margin, relative marketing margin, value added and proportional margin of value added calculations were used. Findings: In the first step in the proportional distribution of dried figs by actors, intermediaries have the highest share (73.4%), while processors have the highest share (69.91%) in chestnuts. According to the calculated absolute marketing margins, the marketing margin of dried fig processors is 66.09 TL/kg and the marketing margin of chestnut processors is 74.78 TL/kg. In both products, processors have the highest relative marketing margin, while producers have the highest proportional margin of value added. Originality/Value: It is the first study to quantify the value chain of dried figs and chestnuts.

A Study on Value Chain Analysis of Exported Coir and Coir Products in Pollachi Taluk Coimbatore District

A Study on Value Chain Analysis of Exported Coir and Coir Products in Pollachi Taluk Coimbatore District