Valuable Reference For Further Research Research Articles

Advances in paclitaxel biosynthesis and transcriptional regulation mechanisms

Paclitaxel, a rare diterpene extracted from the bark of Chinese yew (Taxus chinensis), is renowned for its anti-cancer activity and serves as a primary drug for treating cancers. Due to the exceptionally low content of paclitaxel in the bark, a semi-synthetic method that depletes Chinese yew resources is used in the production of paclitaxel, which, however, fails to meet the escalating clinical demand. In recent years, researchers have achieved significant progress in heterologous biosynthesis and metabolic engineering for the production of paclitaxel. This article comprehensively reviews the advancements in paclitaxel production, encompassing chemical synthesis, heterologous biosynthesis, and cell engineering. It provides an in-depth introduction to the biosynthetic pathway and transcriptional regulation mechanisms of paclitaxel, aiming to provide a valuable reference for further research on paclitaxel biosynthesis.

Flexural Performance of Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened with a Novel High-Strength and High-Toughness Epoxy Mortar Thin Layer

The flexural performance of RC beams strengthened with a novel high-strength and high-toughness epoxy mortar thin layer was investigated through four-point flexural tests on two contrast beams and two strengthened beams. The effects of this strengthening method on the failure modes, crack distribution, load–deflection curves, and bearing capacity of the RC beams with two reinforcement ratios were studied. The experimental results revealed that the contrast beams exhibited the typical bending failure modes where the failure mode of the reinforced beam is the yielding of the tensile reinforcement of the original beam and then fracture damage of the new epoxy mortar-reinforced thin layer. No debonding phenomenon was observed between the reinforced thin layer and the original concrete, and no visible cracks appeared before the tensile failure occurred in the thin layer. The cracks in the reinforced beams developed slowly, increased in number, and decreased significantly in width and spacing. The stiffness of the strengthened beam increased significantly, while its deformation ductility coefficient noticeably decreased. Compared to the corresponding contrast beams, the cracking load for strengthened beams A1 and B1 increased by 14% and 23%, respectively; the yield load increased by 32% and 40%, respectively; and the peak load increased by 18% and 17%, respectively. Finally, a calculation method for the flexural bearing capacity of RC beams strengthened with the novel epoxy mortar thin layer based on the flat section assumption was proposed. The calculated values showed a good agreement with the experimental values (with errors at −11.73% and 4.14%, respectively), providing a valuable reference for further research and application related to this kind of reinforcement method.

Interaction between internal solitary waves and the seafloor in the deep sea

AbstractInternal solitary wave (ISW), as a typical marine dynamic process in the deep sea, widely exists in oceans and marginal seas worldwide. The interaction between ISW and the seafloor mainly occurs in the bottom boundary layer. For the seabed boundary layer of the deep sea, ISW is the most important dynamic process. This study analyzed the current status, hotspots, and frontiers of research on the interaction between ISW and the seafloor by CiteSpace. Focusing on the action of ISW on the seabed, such as transformation and reaction, a large amount of research work and results were systematically analyzed and summarized. On this basis, this study analyzed the wave–wave interaction and interaction between ISW and the bedform or slope of the seabed, which provided a new perspective for an in‐depth understanding of the interaction between ISW and the seafloor. Finally, the latest research results of the bottom boundary layer and marine engineering stability by ISW were introduced, and the unresolved problems in the current research work were summarized. This study provides a valuable reference for further research on the hazards of ISW to marine engineering geology.

Dynamic causes contribute to the increasing trend of red tides in the east China sea during 2020–2022

Red tide is a marine phenomenon caused by the excessive growth of microscopic algae in the ocean. This study aims to analyze the development trends of red tides in the past 20 years and the dynamic external causes that induce red tides based on existing satellite remote sensing and numerical simulation data. And the changes in dominant species of red tides in different seasons are analyzed. The results show significant temperature fluctuations within the week before the red tide occurs, with an average increase of 1.42 °C. In contrast, the change in salinity is relatively small. Meanwhile, ocean fronts are areas in the ocean where different water masses meet and form boundaries. The average strength of ocean fronts increased by 3.7%, indicating enhanced ocean mixing over a short period of time. Under the combined influence of these factors, the probability of a red tide outbreak in the East China Sea increases rapidly. Therefore, this study has important reference value for further research on the causes of red tides and their response to ocean dynamic changes.

The Effect of Fermentation on the Chemical Constituents of Gastrodia Tuber Hallimasch Powder (GTHP) Estimated by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS and HPLC.

To compare the effect of fermentation on the chemical constituents of Gastrodia Tuder Halimasch Powder (GTHP), to establish its fingerprinting and multicomponent content determination, and to provide a basis for the processing, handling, and clinical application of this herb. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS) was used to conduct a preliminary analysis of the chemical constituents in GTHP before and after fermentation. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine some major differential components of GTHP and establish fingerprints. Cluster analysis (CA), and principal component analysis (PCA) were employed for comprehensive evaluation. Seventy-nine compounds were identified, including flavonoids, organic acids, nucleosides, terpenoids, and others. The CA and PCA results showed that ten samples were divided into three groups. Through standard control and HPLC analysis, 10 compounds were identified from 22 peaks, namely uracil, guanosine, adenosine, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), daidzin, genistin, glycitein, daidzein, genistein, and ergosterol. After fermentation, GTHP exhibited significantly higher contents of uracil, guanosine, adenosine, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and ergosterol and significantly lower genistein and daidzein contents. The UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS and HPLC methods can effectively identify a variety of chemical components before and after the fermentation of GTHP. This study provides a valuable reference for further research on the rational clinical application and quality control improvement of GTHP.

Mechanical stability of polarization signatures in biological tissue characterization.

Mueller matrix imaging polarimetry (MMIP) is a promising technique for investigating structural abnormalities in pathological diagnosis. The characterization stability of polarization signatures, described by Mueller matrix parameters (MMPs), correlates with the mechanical state of the biological medium. In this study, we developed an MMIP system capable of applying quantitative forces to samples and measuring the resulting polarization signatures. Mechanical stretching experiments were conducted on a mimicking phantom and a tissue sample at different force scales. We analyzed the textural features and data distribution of MMP images and evaluated the force effect on the characterization of MMPs using the structural similarity index. The results demonstrate that changes in the mechanical microenvironment (CMM) can cause textural fluctuations in MMP images, interfering with the stability of polarization signatures. Specifically, parameters of anisotropic orientation, retardance, and optical rotation are the most sensitive to CMM, inducing a dramatic change in the overall image texture, while other parameters (e.g., polarization, diattenuation, and depolarization) exhibit locality in their response to CMM. For some MMPs, CMM can enhance regional textural contrasts. This study elucidates the mechanical stability of polarization signatures in biological tissue characterization and provides a valuable reference for further research toward minimizing CMM influence.

Curcumae Radix: A Review of Traditional Use, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Quality Control.

Curcumae Radix (CuR) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been used in China for more than 1,000 years. It has the traditional efficacy of activating blood and relieving pain, promoting qi and relieving depression, clearing heart and cooling blood, and promoting gallbladder and removing jaundice. Based on this, many domestic and foreign scholars have conducted systematic studies on its chemical composition, pharmacological effects, toxicity and quality control. Currently, 250 compounds, mainly including terpenoids and curcuminoids, have been isolated and identified from CuR, which has pharmacological activities, including antitumor, anti-inflammatory and analgesic, antidepressant, hepatoprotective, hemostatic, hematopoietic, and treatment of diabetes mellitus. In modern clinical practice, CuR is widely used in the treatment of tumors, breast hyperplasia, hepatitis, and stroke. However, the generation of toxicity and clinical application of CuR and Caryophylli Flos, the determination of the concoction process of artifacts, the determination of specific Quality Marker, and the establishment of the quality control system of CuR, are problems that need to be solved urgently at present.

Research Progress on Sesquiterpenoids of Curcumae Rhizoma and Their Pharmacological Effects.

Curcumae Rhizoma, a traditional Chinese medicine with a wide range of pharmacological activities, is obtained from the dried rhizomes of Curcuma phaeocaulis VaL., Curcuma kwangsiensis S. G. Lee et C. F. Liang, and Curcuma wenyujin Y. H. Chen et C. Ling. Sesquiterpenoids and curcuminoids are found to be the main constituents of Curcumae Rhizoma. Sesquiterpenoids are composed of three isoprene units and are susceptible to complex transformations, such as cyclization, rearrangement, and oxidation. They are the most structurally diverse class of plant-based natural products with a wide range of biological activities and are widely found in nature. In recent years, scholars have conducted abundant studies on the structures and pharmacological properties of components of Curcumae Rhizoma. This article elucidates the chemical structures, medicinal properties, and biological properties of the sesquiterpenoids (a total of 274 compounds) isolated from Curcumae Rhizoma. We summarized extraction and isolation methods for sesquiterpenoids, established a chemical component library of sesquiterpenoids in Curcumae Rhizoma, and analyzed structural variances among sesquiterpenoids sourced from Curcumae Rhizoma of diverse botanical origins. Furthermore, our investigation reveals a diverse array of sesquiterpenoid types, encompassing guaiane-type, germacrane-type, eudesmane-type, elemane-type, cadinane-type, carane-type, bisabolane-type, humulane-type, and other types, emphasizing the relationship between structural diversity and activity. We hope to provide a valuable reference for further research and exploitation and pave the way for the development of new drugs derived from medicinal plants.

Engineering Covalent Organic Frameworks Toward Advanced Zinc-Based Batteries.

Zinc-based batteries (ZBBs) have demonstrated considerable potential among secondary batteries, attributing to their advantages including good safety, environmental friendliness, and high energy density. However, ZBBs still suffer from issues such as the formation of zinc dendrites, occurrence of side reactions, retardation of reaction kinetics, and shuttle effects, posing a great challenge for practical applications. As promising porous materials, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and their derivatives have rigid skeletons, ordered structures, and permanent porosity, which endow them with great potential for application in ZBBs. This review, therefore, provides a systematic overview detailing on COFs structure pertaining to electrochemical performance of ZBBs, following an in depth discussion of the challenges faced by ZBBs, which includes dendrites and side reactions at the anode, as well as dissolution, structural change, slow kinetics, and shuttle effect at the cathode. Then, the structural advantages of COF-correlated materials and their roles in various ZBBs are highlighted. Finally, the challenges of COF-correlated materials in ZBBs are outlined and an outlook on the future development of COF-correlated materials for ZBBs is provided. The review would serve as a valuable reference for further research into the utilization of COF-correlated materials in ZBBs.

Basketball Anterior and Posterior Portal Veins Doppler Imaging of Sports Medicine Technique Exploration

INTRODUCTION: Basketball, as a high-intensity sport, has attracted much attention for its effects on the cardiovascular system of athletes. The anterior and posterior portal veins are some of the vital blood vessels in the human circulatory system, and their blood flow is closely related to the athletes' physical status. Doppler ultrasound technology is widely used in sports medicine and provides a powerful tool for an in-depth understanding of the effects of basketball on portal vein blood flow. This study aimed to explore the potential of sports medicine technology in assessing cardiovascular adaptations in athletes through portal Doppler imaging before and after basketball exercise.OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of this study was to analyze the effects of basketball exercise on portal vein blood flow in athletes before and after basketball exercise through the use of Doppler ultrasound technology. Specifically, this study aimed to explore the dynamics of pre- and post-exercise Doppler imaging of the posterior and posterior veins in order to assess the cardiovascular adaptations of athletes during exercise more comprehensively and objectively.METHODS: A group of healthy professional basketball players were selected as the study subjects, and Doppler ultrasound instruments were utilized to obtain portal Doppler images before, during, and after exercise. The functional status of the vasculature was assessed by analyzing parameters such as portal blood flow velocity and resistance index. At the same time, the physiological parameters of the athletes, such as heart rate and blood pressure, were combined to gain a comprehensive understanding of the effects of basketball on portal blood flow.RESULTS: The results of the study showed that the anterior and posterior portal blood flow velocities of the athletes changed significantly during basketball exercise. Before the exercise, the blood flow velocity was relatively low, while it rapidly increased and reached the peak state during the exercise. After exercise, blood flow velocity gradually dropped back to the baseline level. In addition, the change in resistance index also indicated that portal blood vessels experienced a particular stress and adaptation process during exercise.CONCLUSION: This study revealed the effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system of athletes by analyzing the Doppler images of the portal vein before and after basketball exercise. Basketball exercise leads to significant changes in portal hemodynamics, which provides a new perspective for sports medicine. These findings are of guiding significance for the development of training programs for athletes and the prevention of exercise-related cardiovascular problems and provide a valuable reference for further research in the field of sports medicine.

Research Progress of Ozone/Peroxymonosulfate Advanced Oxidation Technology for Degrading Antibiotics in Drinking Water and Wastewater Effluent: A Review.

Nowadays, antibiotics are widely used, increasing the risk of contamination of the water body and further threatening human health. The traditional water treatment process is less efficient in degrading antibiotics, and the advanced oxidation process (AOPs) is cleaner and more efficient than the traditional biochemical degradation process. The combined ozone/peroxymonosulfate (PMS) advanced oxidation process (O3/PMS) based on sulfate radical (SO4•-) and hydroxyl radical (•OH) has developed rapidly in recent years. The O3/PMS process has become one of the most effective ways to treat antibiotic wastewater. The reaction mechanism of O3/PMS was reviewed in this paper, and the research and application progress of the O3/PMS process in the degradation of antibiotics in drinking water and wastewater effluent were evaluated. The operation characteristics and current application range of the process were summarized, which has a certain reference value for further research on O3/PMS process.

Prediction of future research trends in bladder urothelial carcinoma: Bibliometric analysis.

Bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) is a prevalent malignant tumor of the urinary system and, ranks 13th worldwide. Its incidence and mortality rates are consistently increasing, posing a significant threat to the physical and mental well-being of patients. We conducted a literature search in the field of BLCA from 2010 to 2023 using the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. CiteSpace 6.2.R4 and VOSviewer 1.6.19 were utilized to visually represent the annual publications, countries, institutions, authors, journals, keywords, and references in the literature. A total of 10,378 articles were included in this study. Since 2010, the number of published articles has been increasing. The countries and institutions that contributed the most were the USA and Medical University Vienna. The most frequently cited author was Bellmunt J, with 2551 citations. Shariat Shahrokh F holds the record for most published articles with 445. The journal "Urologic Oncology-Seminars and Original Investigations" had the largest number of publications, while "Eur Urol" was the most frequently cited journal. "survival" and "radical cystectomy" were identified as the most frequent keywords in recent years. Burst detection analysis revealed that the keyword with the highest intensity value was "Transitional-Cell Carcinoma," and the reference with the highest intensity value was Babjuk M, 2013. This study aimed to analyze and predict the research hotspots and trends in BLCA to provide reference value for further research in this field. The findings of this study can contribute to the research progress in BLCA.

Comparative prototypes and metabolites of Du-zhi pill in normal and cerebral ischemia rats by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS method

Du-Zhi pill (DZP) is widely used as a Chinese medicine in treating cerebral ischemia. UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS techniques were used to detect and identify the metabolites in rat brain samples of normal and middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model rats administered with DZP. It was tentatively found that 43 prototypes and 93 metabolites could be identified in rat brain samples. Normal and MCAO model rat brain samples contained 19 prototype components. Eight prototype components were only detected in normal rat brain samples, while 16 were found only in MCAO model rat brain samples. It was determined that 47 metabolites had been identified in the normal rats, while 86 had been placed in MCAO model rats. There were 40 common metabolites in both normal and MCAO model rat brain samples. Seven metabolites were only detected in normal rat brain samples, while 46 were found only in MCAO rat brain samples. The comparison of metabolites in brain samples of normal and MCAO rats showed apparent differences. It was discovered that glucuronidation, methylation, acetylation, and sulfation are phase II metabolic routes of DZP, while hydrogenation, hydroxylation, and dehydroxylation are phase I metabolic routes. Moreover, hydrogenation, glucuronidation, hydroxylation, and methylation were the main metabolic pathways because of the number of metabolites identified in these metabolic pathways. The results provide a valuable reference for further research into effective substances of DZP for treating cerebral ischemia.

Experimental analysis of vibration and noise characteristics of helical gears with nano-lubricant additives

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of nanoadditive lubricants on the vibration and noise characteristics of helical gears compared with conventional lubricants. The experiment aims to analyze whether nanoadditive lubricants can effectively reduce gear vibration and noise under different speeds and loads. It also analyzes the sensitivity of the vibration reduction to load and speed changes. In addition, it compares the axial and radial vibration reduction effects. The goal is to explore the application of nanolubricants for vibration damping and noise reduction in gear transmissions. The results provide a basis for further research on nanolubricant effects under high-speed conditions.Design/methodology/approachHelical gears of 20CrMnTi were lubricated with conventional oil and nanoadditive oils. An open helical gearbox with spray lubrication was tested under different speeds (200–500 rpm) and loads (20–100 N·m). Gear noise was measured by a sound level meter. Axial and radial vibrations were detected using an M+P VibRunner system and fast Fourier transform analysis. Vibration spectrums under conventional and nanolubrication were compared. Gear tooth surfaces were observed after testing. The experiment aimed to analyze the noise and vibration reduction effects of nanoadditive lubricants on helical gears and the sensitivity to load and speed.FindingsThe key findings are that nanoadditive lubricants significantly reduce the axial and radial vibrations of helical gears under low-speed conditions compared with conventional lubricants, with a more pronounced effect on axial vibrations. The vibration reduction is more sensitive to rotational speed than load. At the same load and speed, nanolubrication reduces noise by 2%–5% versus conventional lubrication. Nanoparticles change the friction from sliding to rolling and compensate for meshing errors, leading to smoother vibrations. The nanolubricants alter the gear tooth surfaces and optimize the microtopography. The results provide a basis for exploring nanolubricant effects under high speeds.Originality/valueThe originality and value of this work is the experimental analysis of the effects of nanoadditive lubricants on the vibration and noise characteristics of hard tooth surface helical gears, which has rarely been studied before. The comparative results under different speeds and loads provide new insights into the vibration damping capabilities of nanolubricants in gear transmissions. The findings reveal the higher sensitivity to rotational speed versus load and the differences in axial and radial vibration reduction. The exploration of nanolubricant effects on gear tribological performance and surface interactions provides a valuable reference for further research, especially under higher speed conditions closer to real applications.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-07-2023-0220/

Biological activity of Macleaya cordata and its application in pig industry

Macleaya cordata is rich in alkaloids and exhibits diverse biological activities, which explains its worldwide distribution and utilization. This paper provides an overview of those alkaloids, their solubility and stability, as well as various biological activities, including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and insecticidal properties. It also focuses on research into Macleaya cordata and on the application of that plant and its bioactive components in the pig industry as potential alternatives to antibiotics in feed, as well as in prevention and treatment of diseases, especially diarrhea. This paper reviews the alkaloids contained in Macleaya cordata, their biological characteristics and application in the pig industry, hoping to provide a valuable reference for further research on the utilization of Macleaya cordata and its bioactive ingredients in the pig industry and in animal husbandry in general.

Network pharmacology combined with metabolomics to explore the mechanism for Lonicerae Japonicae flos against respiratory syncytial virus

BackgroundRespiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) stands out as a primary contributor to lower respiratory tract infections and hospitalizations, particularly in infants. Lonicerae japonicae flos (LJF), a traditional Chinese medicine renowned for its efficacy against various viral infections, including RSV, has been widely employed. Despite its common use, the precise therapeutic mechanism of LJF against RSV remains elusive. This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism of LJF against RSV through network pharmacology and metabolomics.MethodsIn this study, based on network pharmacology, potential targets related to LJF and RSV were obtained from PubChem and Swiss Target Prediction. The core targets and pathways were established and verified by enrichment analysis and molecular docking. The anti-RSV efficacy of LJF was determined by in vitro experiments. Additionally, metabolomics analysis was integrated, allowing for the identification of differential metabolites and their correlation with targets following LJF treatment in the context of RSV infection.ResultsA total of 23 active ingredients and 780 targets were obtained, of which 102 targets were associated with LJF anti-RSV. The construction of the corresponding Protein–Protein Interaction (PPI) network unveiled potential core targets, including STAT3, TNF, and AKT1. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that LJF's anti-RSV effects primarily involve key pathways such as the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, and FoxO signaling pathway. Molecular docking showed that ZINC03978781, 4,5'-Retro-.beta.,.beta.-Carotene -3,3'-dione, 4',5'-didehydro and 7-epi-Vogeloside had better binding ability. The cellular assay showed that the therapeutic index of LJF against RSV was 4.79. Furthermore, 18 metabolites were screened as potential biomarkers of LJF against RSV, and these metabolites were mainly involved in the pathways of purine metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, and other related pathways.ConclusionsThe intergration of network pharmacology and metabolomics can clarify the active targets and related pathways of LJF against RSV, which could provide a valuable reference for further research and clinical application of LJF.

The Interactions of Soy Protein and Wheat Gluten for the Development of Meat-like Fibrous Structure.

Consumers who are environmentally and health conscious are increasingly looking for plant-based alternatives to replace animal-based products in their daily diets. Among these alternatives, there is a growing demand for meat analogues that closely resemble the taste and texture of meat. As a result, significant efforts have been dedicated to developing meat analogues with a desirable meat-like structure. Currently, soy protein and wheat gluten are the main ingredients used for producing these meat analogues due to their availability and unique functionalities. This study observed that high moisture extrusion at moisture levels of 50-80% has become a common approach for creating fibrous structures, with soy protein and wheat gluten being considered incompatible proteins. After the structuring process, they form two-phase filled gels, with wheat gluten acting as the continuous phase and soy protein serving as a filler material. Moreover, the formation of soy protein and wheat gluten networks relies on a combination of covalent and non-covalent interaction bonds, including hydrogen bonds that stabilize the protein networks, hydrophobic interactions governing protein chain associations during thermo-mechanical processes, and disulfide bonds that potentially contribute to fibrous structure formation. This review provides case studies and examples that demonstrate how specific processing conditions can improve the overall structure, aiming to serve as a valuable reference for further research and the advancement of fibrous structures.

Application Analysis of Financial Time Series in Stock Market

Time series analysis is a basic tool in number investing. The time-series sequence is a sequence of variables measured in a fixed section sequence over some time. The fluctuation of stock price affects all aspects of social and economic life, so effectively predicting the trend of stock price changes has great economic and social value. Based on the existing research results on time series, this paper takes the stock market as an entry point, and sorts and summarizes the literature from the application fields and application methods of time series. The research results show that the application fields of time series involve the stock market, enterprises, macro economy, etc., among which the application of the stock market is the most commonly used and the most extensive. The research based on time series mainly innovates and corrects the research methods. The research in this paper can provide a theoretical reference value for further research on time series.

Advances in the application of recombinase-aided amplification combined with CRISPR-Cas technology in quick detection of pathogenic microbes.

The rapid diagnosis of pathogenic infections plays a vital role in disease prevention, control, and public health safety. Recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) is an innovative isothermal nucleic acid amplification technology capable of fast DNA or RNA amplification at low temperatures. RAA offers advantages such as simplicity, speed, precision, energy efficiency, and convenient operation. This technology relies on four essential components: recombinase, single-stranded DNA-binding protein (SSB), DNA polymerase, and deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates, which collectively replace the laborious thermal cycling process of traditional polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In recent years, the CRISPR-Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated proteins) system, a groundbreaking genome engineering tool, has garnered widespread attention across biotechnology, agriculture, and medicine. Increasingly, researchers have integrated the recombinase polymerase amplification system (or RAA system) with CRISPR technology, enabling more convenient and intuitive determination of detection results. This integration has significantly expanded the application of RAA in pathogen detection. The step-by-step operation of these two systems has been successfully employed for molecular diagnosis of pathogenic microbes, while the single-tube one-step method holds promise for efficient pathogen detection. This paper provides a comprehensive review of RAA combined with CRISPR-Cas and its applications in pathogen detection, aiming to serve as a valuable reference for further research in related fields.

A Novel Approach to Satellite Component Health Assessment Based on the Wasserstein Distance and Spectral Clustering

This research presents a multiparameter approach to satellite component health assessment aimed at addressing the increasing demand for in-orbit satellite component health assessment. The method encompasses three key enhancements. Firstly, the utilization of the Wasserstein distance as an indicator simplifies the decision-making process for assessing the health of data distributions. This enhancement allows for a more robust handling of noisy sensor data, resulting in improved accuracy in health assessment. Secondly, the original limitation of assessing component health within the same parameter class is overcome by extending the evaluation to include multiple parameter classes. This extension leads to a more comprehensive assessment of satellite component health. Lastly, the method employs spectral clustering to determine the boundaries of different health status classes, offering an objective alternative to traditional expert-dependent approaches. By adopting this technique, the proposed method enhances the objectivity and accuracy of the health status classification. The experimental results show that the method is able to accurately describe the trends in the health status of components. Its effectiveness in real-time health assessment and monitoring of satellite components is confirmed. This research provides a valuable reference for further research on satellite component health assessment. It introduces novel and enhanced ideas and methodologies for practical applications.