Validity Of Self-reported Height Research Articles

Adölesanlarda Boy ve Ağırlık Ölçümleri İle Özbildirimlerin Karşılaştırılması

Boy ve ağırlığa ilişkin veriler; yüz yüze görüşme, postayla yoluyla, internet üzerinden yapılan anketle veya telefonla sorgulama gibi farklı biçimlerde elde edilebilmektedir. Ancak bahsi geçen bu değişkenler bireylerin beden algılarından büyük oranda etkilenebilmektedir. Ülkemizde adölesanlar üzerinde özbildirime dayalı boy ve ağırlık ölçülerinin doğruluğunu ve geçerliliğini konu alan çalışma sayısı oldukça sınırlıdır. Araştırmanın amacı, adölesanlarda özbildirime dayalı boy ve ağırlık ölçülerinin güvenirliliğinin tespitidir. Araştırma, Ankara'da farklı sosyo-demografik yapıya sahip liselerde öğrenim gören 14-17 yaş arası 356 öğrenci (133 erkek ve 233 kız) üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Boy ve ağırlık değerleri her bir bireye anket yoluyla sorularak özbildirimleri kaydedilmiş, ardından fiziki olarak antropometrik tekniklerle ölçülmüş ve aradaki farklılık istatistikî olarak analiz edilmiştir. Ortalama boy uzunluğunun erkeklerde 0,22 cm ve kızlarda 0,91 cm fazla, vücut ağırlığının ise erkeklerde 0,20 kg fazla ve kızlarda 0,80 kg düşük olarak bildirildiği saptanmıştır. Kızlar erkeklere nazaran ağırlıklarını daha düşük ve boy uzunluklarını daha yüksek bildirme eğilimindedirler. Araştırma örnekleminde yer alan bir grup lise öğrencisi çalışma tarihinden birkaç hafta önce beden eğitimi ve spor dersi kapsamında fiziki testlere tabi tutulmuşlardır, bu durum söz konusu öğrencilerin özbildirim verilerinin yüksek oranda doğruluk oranı ile sonuçlanmıştır. Ders müfredatı kapsamında düzenli fiziki ölçümlerin yapılması adölesanlarda vücut boyutlarına dair farkındalık yaratmaktadır. Adölesan dönemde vücut boyutları büyük değişim göstermektedir, bu açıdan beden eğitimi ve spor dersleri hem beden algısında rol oynamakta hem de vücut ağırlığı ile boy uzunluğunun doğru olarak bilinmesinde önem taşımaktadır. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre, ülkemizde özbildirim yönteminden kaçınılması ya da gerekli düzeltme tekniklerinin mutlaka uygulanması gerektiği kanısındayız.

Usporedba metoda samoprocjene i mjerenja visine, težine i indeksa tjelesne mase u turskoj studentskoj populaciji

Accuracy and validity of self-reported height and weight, and body image satisfaction have not been evaluated particularly in young adult population in Turkey. The aim of the study was to establish the differences of self-reported height and weight, and body mass index (BMI). The study conducted on 617 university students (304 males and 313 females) aged 17-30 years from Ankara and Sivas, Turkey. Height and weight were measured and obtained by a questionnaire. From both measured and self-reported values for accuracy absolute differences were calculated. BMI was calculated from both self-reported and measured height and weight values using World Health Organization (WHO) cut-offs. The results showed that mean accuracy for the overestimated height was 1.83 cm for males (Ankara 1.59 cm and Sivas 2.05 cm), and 2.42 cm for females (Ankara 2.12 cm and Sivas 2.74 cm), and underreporting weight was 0.35 kg (Ankara 0.13 kg and Sivas 0.56 kg) and -0.95 kg (Ankara 0.33 kg and Sivas 1.07 kg), respectively. Self-reported BMIs>25 was 33.9% for males (Ankara 27.6% and Sivas 39.6%), and 15.7% for females (Ankara 9.9% and Sivas 16.8%), while measured BMIs>25 was 38.2% (Ankara 30.3% and Sivas 45.3%) and 25.9% (Ankara 21.7% and Sivas 35.5%), respectively. In conclusion, study group tended to overestimate height but underestimate weight, therefore the self-reported weight and height studies needed to evaluate more cautiously, and direct measurements or correction equations for adjustment needed for reliable results.

A multilevel study of validity of self-reported height

A multilevel study of validity of self-reported height

A multilevel study of validity of self-reported height

A multilevel study of validity of self-reported height

Validity of self-reported height and weight for estimating prevalence of overweight among Estonian adolescents: the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study.

BackgroundLow to moderate agreement between self-reported and directly measured anthropometry is shown in studies for adults and children. However, this issue needs further evaluation during puberty, a period marked by several transitions. We examined the correspondence of BMI status based on self-reported versus measured anthropometric data among Estonian adolescents with a specific focus on gender and age differences.MethodsSelf-reported height and weight were determined in a national representative sample of Estonian schoolchildren collected within the framework of the HBSC (health behaviour of school-aged children) survey. Self-reported and directly measured height and weight were collected from 3379 students (1071 aged 11, 1133 aged 13 and 1175 aged 15 years). The standardized HBSC questionnaire was used for collecting self-reported data; direct anthropometric measures were taken after the HBSC questionnaires were completed. The accuracy of the self-reported values by age and gender groups were determined by comparing mean differences, Bland–Altman plots with limits of agreement, Kappa statistics, and by estimation of the sensitivity and positive predictive value for detecting overweight.ResultsMean self-reported weight, height and body mass index (BMI) values were significantly lower than corresponding values obtained using direct measurements. Mean differences between self-reported and directly measured weight, height and BMI were largest among 11-year-olds and smallest among students aged 15 years. Underestimation of overweight prevalence (includes obese) showed a graded trend which decreased in older age groups; the difference was greater among girls than boys in all age groups. The mean underestimation of overweight prevalence based on self-reported anthropometry was 3.6 percentage points. The positive predictive value was 72.3 % for boys and 63.4 % for girls.ConclusionA distinct age-related pattern in underestimation of weight, height and prevalence of overweight was found; the bias decreased with increasing age. The mean underestimation of overweight prevalence based on self-reports was small, 3.6 %. Self-reported height and weight remain the method of choice in large surveys for practical and logistical reasons.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13104-015-1587-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Measuring the bias, precision, accuracy, and validity of self-reported height and weight in assessing overweight and obesity status among adolescents using a surveillance system.

BackgroundEvidence regarding bias, precision, and accuracy in adolescent self-reported height and weight across demographic subpopulations is lacking. The bias, precision, and accuracy of adolescent self-reported height and weight across subpopulations were examined using a large, diverse and representative sample of adolescents. A second objective was to develop correction equations for self-reported height and weight to provide more accurate estimates of body mass index (BMI) and weight status.MethodsA total of 24,221 students from 8th and 11th grade in Texas participated in the School Physical Activity and Nutrition (SPAN) surveillance system in years 2000–2002 and 2004–2005. To assess bias, the differences between the self-reported and objective measures, for height and weight were estimated. To assess precision and accuracy, the Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient was used. BMI was estimated for self-reported and objective measures. The prevalence of students’ weight status was estimated using self-reported and objective measures; absolute (bias) and relative error (relative bias) were assessed subsequently. Correction equations for sex and race/ethnicity subpopulations were developed to estimate objective measures of height, weight and BMI from self-reported measures using weighted linear regression. Sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive values of weight status classification using self-reported measures and correction equations are assessed by sex and grade.ResultsStudents in 8th- and 11th-grade overestimated their height from 0.68cm (White girls) to 2.02 cm (African-American boys), and underestimated their weight from 0.4 kg (Hispanic girls) to 0.98 kg (African-American girls). The differences in self-reported versus objectively-measured height and weight resulted in underestimation of BMI ranging from -0.23 kg/m2 (White boys) to -0.7 kg/m2 (African-American girls). The sensitivity of self-reported measures to classify weight status as obese was 70.8% and 81.9% for 8th- and 11th-graders, respectively. These estimates increased when using the correction equations to 77.4% and 84.4% for 8th- and 11th-graders, respectively.ConclusionsWhen direct measurement is not practical, self-reported measurements provide a reliable proxy measure across grade, sex and race/ethnicity subpopulations of adolescents. Correction equations increase the sensitivity of self-report measures to identify prevalence of overall overweight/obesity status.

Validity of self-reported height and weight in elderly Poles

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESIn nutritional epidemiology, collecting self-reported respondent height and weight is a simpler procedure of data collection than taking measurements. The aim of this study was to compare self-reported and measured height and weight and to evaluate the possibility of using self-reported estimates in the assessment of nutritional status of elderly Poles aged 65 + years.SUBJECTS/METHODSThe research was carried out in elderly Poles aged 65 + years. Respondents were chosen using a quota sampling. The total sample numbered 394 participants and the sub-sample involved 102 participants. Self-reported weight (non-corrected self-reported weight; non-cSrW) and height estimates (non-corrected self-reported height; non-cSrH) were collected. The measurements of weight (measured weight; mW) and height (measured height; mH) were taken. Using multiple regression equations, the corrected self-reported weight (cSrW) and height (cSrH) estimates were calculated.RESULTSNon-cSrH was higher than mH in men on average by 2.4 cm and in women on average by 2.3 cm. In comparison to mW, non-cSrW was higher in men on average by 0.7 kg, while in women no significant difference was found (mean difference of 0.4 kg). In comparison to mBMI, non-cSrBMI was lower on average by 0.6 kg/m2 in men and 0.7 kg/m2 in women. No differences were observed in overweight and obesity incidence when determined by mBMI (68% and 19%, respectively), non-cSrBMI (62% and 14%, respectively), cSrBMI (70% and 22%, respectively) and pcSrBMI (67% and 18%, respectively).CONCLUSIONSSince the results showed that the estimated self-reported heights, weights and BMI were accurate, the assessment of overweight and obesity incidence was accurate as well. The use of self-reported height and weight in the nutritional status assessment of elderly Poles on a population level is therefore recommended. On an individual level, the use of regression equations is recommended to correct self-reported height, particularly in women.

Validity of self-reported height and weight among adolescents: the importance of reporting capability

BackgroundThis study proposes a new approach for investigating bias in self-reported data on height and weight among adolescents by studying the relevance of participants’ self-reported response capability. The objectives were 1) to estimate the prevalence of students with high and low self-reported response capability for weight and height in a self-administrated questionnaire survey among 11–15 year old Danish adolescents, 2) to estimate the proportion of missing values on self-reported height and weight in relation to capability for reporting height and weight, and 3) to investigate the extent to which adolescents’ response capability is of importance for the accuracy and precision of self-reported height and weight. Also, the study investigated the impact of students’ response capability on estimating prevalence rates of overweight.MethodsData was collected by a school-based cross-sectional questionnaire survey among students aged 11–15 years in 13 schools in Aarhus, Denmark, response rate =89%, n = 2100. Response capability was based on students’ reports of perceived ability to report weight/height and weighing/height measuring history. Direct measures of height and weight were collected by school health nurses.ResultsOne third of the students had low response capability for weight and height, respectively, and every second student had low response capability for BMI. The proportion of missing values on self-reported weight and height was significantly higher among students who were not weighed and height measured recently and among students who reported low recall ability. Among both boys and girls the precision of self-reported height and weight tended to be lower than among students with low response capability. Low response capability was related to BMI (z-score) and overweight prevalence among girls. These findings were due to a larger systematic underestimation of weight among girls who were not weighed recently (−1.02 kg, p < 0.0001) and among girls with low recall ability for weight (−0.99 kg, p = 0.0024).ConclusionThis study indicates that response capability may be relevant for the accuracy of girls’ self-reported measurements of weight and height. Consequently, by integrating items on response capability in survey instruments, participants with low capability can be identified. Similar analyses based on other and less selected populations are recommended.

Can self-reported height and weight be used among people living with HIV/AIDS?

To assess the reliability and validity of self-reported height and weight in adults living with HIV/AIDS (ALWHA) we assessed 508 ALWHA of both genders on antiretroviral therapy. Height and weight were directly measured in a subsample. Sensitivity and specificity analysis were performed to determine the validity of self-reported measures. Bland-Altman's method was used to calculate the limits of agreement between values while reliability was assessed using intraclass coefficients. Regression equations were devised to determine actual measures from self-reported values. Mean differences among measured and self-reported weight were -0.96 kg for men and -0.54 kg for women. Mean height differences were less than 2 cm, yielding good reliability for body mass index (BMI). Overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2)) diagnosis sensitivity was 90.6% and specificity was 81.2%. Corrected measures determined by regression equations had stronger correlation with self-reported values (r > 0.980). Self-reported height and weight showed good reliability and validity compared with directly measured height and weight. However, measures should be corrected whenever possible to achieve higher accuracy.

Validity of Self-Reported Height and Weight in a Korean Population

BackgroundAccessible public information on self-reported height and weight is not widely used in studies of obesity, mainly because of the questionable validity of body mass index (BMI) values calculated from these data. To assess the utility of self-reported measurement, we compared self-reported and standard measurements of height and weight in a Korean population that is leaner than Western populations.MethodsA cross-sectional comparison of self-reported and measured height and weight was conducted among a population of participants in a cancer screening program. A total of 557 men and 1010 women aged 30 to 70 years were included in the current analysis.ResultsSelf-reported height was higher than measured values in both men and women. Self-reported weight was higher than measured weight in women, but was not different in men. BMI calculated from measured values was higher than BMI derived from self-reported height and weight among men. Younger age was a predictor of accuracy in self-reported height, and higher weight and BMI were predictors of under-reporting of weight. The prevalence of obesity based on self-reported values was lower than the true prevalence of obesity. With respect to classifying individuals as obese, the specificity and sensitivity of BMI calculated from self-reported values were very high for both sexes.ConclusionsSelf-reported height and weight were reasonably valid in this study population.

Validity of Self-reported Height and Weight in Women of Reproductive Age

Height and weight are key variables in epidemiologic research, including studies of reproductive outcomes. Optimally, this information is collected by trained study personnel. However, direct measurements are not always feasible. The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy of self-reported height and weight, as well as the resultant body mass index (BMI) calculated from self-reported height and weight (referred to as self-reported BMI), among a group of women of reproductive age according to select demographic variables. A total of 381 women provided self-reported height, weight, and demographic information on a questionnaire for a study of contraceptive trends while attending a Family Medicine clinic. Height and weight were also abstracted from medical records for 275 of these study participants. Self-reported and measured values for height, weight, and BMI were compared using paired t-tests. Analysis of variance, chi-square tests, and Fisher's Exact tests were used to examine how differences between self-reported and measured values varied by select demographic factors. Women underestimated weight by 4.6 pounds, overestimated height by 0.1 inches, and underestimated BMI by 0.8 kg/m(2). All women, regardless of age, education, race/ethnicity, or marital status, underestimated their weight. These differences were statistically significant for all groups (p<0.01) with the exception of women with a high school education. Self-reported height and weight measures classified 84% of women into appropriate BMI categories. Overall, self-reported height and weight were found to give an accurate representation of true BMI in this study. There were some demographic differences in the ability to accurately report height and weight, particularly with respect to race/ethnicity. Future studies should investigate these racial/ethnic differences among a larger population.

Reliability and validity of self-reported height and weight among high school students

Purpose To assess the reliability and validity of self-reported height and weight, and variables calculated from these values, in a diverse sample of adolescents. Methods A convenience sample of students (n = 4619) in grades 9 through 12 reported their height and weight on two questionnaires administered approximately 2 weeks apart. Using a standard protocol, a subsample of these students (n = 2032) also were weighed and had their height measured following completion of the first questionnaire. Results Self-reported heights at Time 1 and Time 2 were highly correlated, and the mean difference between height at Time 1 and Time 2 was small. Results were similar for self-reported weight at Time 1 and Time 2 and body mass index (BMI) calculated from these values. Although self-reported values of height, weight, and BMI were highly correlated with their measured values, on average, students overreported their height by 2.7 inches and underreported their weight by 3.5 pounds. Resulting BMI values were an average of 2.6 kg/m 2 lower when based on self-reported vs. measured values. The percentages of students classified as “overweight” or “at risk for overweight” were therefore lower when based on self-reported rather than on measured values. White students were more likely than those in other race/ethnic groups to overreport their height, and the tendency to overreport height increased by grade. Female students were more likely than male students to underreport their weight. Conclusions Self-reported height, weight, and BMI calculated from these values were highly reliable but were discrepant from measured height, weight, and BMIs calculated from measured values. BMIs based on self-reported height and weight values therefore underestimate the prevalence of overweight in adolescent populations.

Effects of Age on Validity of Self-Reported Height, Weight, and Body Mass Index: Findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994

Objective To compare self-reported to measured heights and weights of adults examined in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), and to determine to what extent body mass index (BMI) calculated from self-reported heights and weights affects estimates of overweight prevalence compared with BMI calculated from measured values. Design A complex sample design was used in NHANES III to obtain a nationally representative sample of the US civilian, noninstitutionalized population. During household interviews, survey respondents were asked their height and weight. Trained health technicians subsequently measured height and weight using standardized procedures and equipment. Subjects The analytical sample consisted of 7,772 men and 8,801 women 20 years old and older. Statistical analyses performed Only persons with measured and self-reported heights and weights were included in the analysis, and statistical sampling weights were applied, t Tests, Pearson product moment correlation coefficients, sensitivity, and specificity analyses were used to determine the validity of self-reported measurements and prevalence estimates of overweight, defined as BMI of 25 or greater. Results Age is an important factor in classifying weight, height, BMI, and overweight from self-reports. Statistically significant differences were found for the mean error (measured-self-reported values) for height and BMI that were notably larger for older age groups. For example, the mean error for height ranged from 2.92 to 4.50 cm for women and from 3.06 to 4.29 cm for men, 70 years and older. Despite the high correlation between measured and self-reported data, the prevalence of overweight calculated from measured values was higher than that calculated from self-reported values among older adults. When calculated with self-reported height, BMI was one unit lower than when calculated from measured height for persons >70 years. Specificity was high but sensitivity decreased with increasing age cohorts. Regression equations are provided to determine actual height from self-reported values for older adults. Conclusion/Applications Self-reported heights and weights can be used with younger adults, but they have limitations for older adults, ages >60 years. In research studies and in clinical settings involving older adults, failure to measure height and weight can result in subsequent misclassification of overweight status. Therefore, registered dietitians are encouraged to obtained a measured weight and height using a calibrated scale and stadiometer. J Am DietAssoc. 2001;101:28-34.

The validity of reported parental height in inner city areas in England

The validity of self-reported height was assessed in a sample of Afro-Caribbean, Asian and Caucasian parents. Asian mothers overestimated their height (p less than 0.01) and Caucasian mothers overestimated that of their child's father. The standard deviations of the differences between reported and measured height, with the exception of Caucasian mothers, were large (between 4.33 cm and 11.18 cm). It is concluded that self-reported height from subjects living in inner city areas in Britain should be interpreted with great caution.

Distortion in self-reported height and weight data

The validity of self-reported height and weight data was examined in a large population of adult men and women. On the average, women reported weights lower than actual, with the amount of discrepancy increasing as weight increased. At low weights, men on the average reported weighing more than their actual weights while at higher weights they reported weighing less. Women tended to report heights which were slightly less than their actual heights, with the discrepancy increasing with increasing height. Men tended to report heights which were more than their actual heights; this tendency decreased with increasing height.