Validation Of Score Research Articles

The Development and Validation of the Psychological Empowerment Scale for Older People

ABSTRACT Empowerment is a central paradigm in the care for older people. Social work requires measuring instruments to be able to meaningfully justify its efforts and interventions. This study aims at the validation of the Psychological Empowerment Scale for Older People, a measuring instrument build on this operationalization. The PESOP was administered to a large sample and completed by 398 older people in the Netherlands. The results provided evidence for a single-factor scale consisting of 17 items, with strong reliability and validity scores. The PESOP provides social work with a tool by which to measure the empowerment of older service users.

Recognition of Conus species using a combined approach of supervised learning and deep learning-based feature extraction.

Cone snails are venomous marine gastropods comprising more than 950 species widely distributed across different habitats. Their conical shells are remarkably similar to those of other invertebrates in terms of color, pattern, and size. For these reasons, assigning taxonomic signatures to cone snail shells is a challenging task. In this report, we propose an ensemble learning strategy based on the combination of Random Forest (RF) and XGBoost (XGB) methods. We used 47,600 cone shell images of uniform size (224 x 224 pixels), which were split into an 80:20 train-test ratio. Prior to performing subsequent operations, these images were subjected to pre-processing and transformation. After applying a deep learning approach (Visual Geometry Group with a 16-layer deep model architecture) for feature extraction, model specificity was further assessed by including multiple related and unrelated seashell images. Both classifiers demonstrated comparable recognition ability on random test samples. The evaluation results suggested that RF outperformed XGB due to its high accuracy in recognizing Conus species, with an average precision of 95.78%. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.99, indicating the model's optimal performance. The learning and validation curves also demonstrated a robust fit, with the training score reaching 1 and the validation score gradually increasing to 95 as more data was provided. These values indicate a well-trained model that generalizes effectively to validation data without significant overfitting. The gradual improvement in the validation score curve is crucial for ensuring model reliability and minimizing the risk of overfitting. Our findings revealed an interactive visualization. The performance of our proposed model suggests its potential for use with datasets of other mollusks, and optimal results may be achieved for their categorization and taxonomical characterization.

The Gewanci Application Media based on Smart Apps Creator on the Material of Imitating Animal Movements

In learning Cultural Arts in the realm of Dance, grade 1 teachers at SD Kanisius Beringin Semarang have not effectively utilized available learning resources; therefore, new media development is needed. The researcher aims to develop, determine the feasibility results, and test the effectiveness of the Smart Apps Creator-based Gewanci application media on the material of Imitating Animal Movements.This kind of study is referred to as development research using the ADDIE model. The research subjects consisted of media experts and material experts. The test was conducted on twenty three students who were in grade 1 of SD. This research use quantitative data to examine development. Data is collected via many methods such as observation, interviews, questionnaires, and testing. Data collection is conducted using a Likert Scale questionnaire. Data analysis encompasses quantitative, qualitative, and inferential statistical methodologies. The result of this research is to produce a learning media in the form of Gewanci Application which distinguishes itself from other applications, namely there are 15 videos of movement imitating rabbit animals, accompanied by attractive images and audio. This application is specifically designed to be in line with the teaching material. The findings of the media and material validation scores indicate that there are a total number of material validation scores with a percentage validation value of 93.7%. This suggests that these scores are very practical. Furthermore, media validation was considered very realistic, with a validation value percentage of 91%. Based on the t-test results, the use of the Gewanci application media has a significant impact. The N-gain test revealed a moderate improvement in learning outcomes from the pretest to the posttest. The findings suggest that the Gewanci app, developed using Smart Apps Creator, adequately meets the needs of dance education.

DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHING MATERIALS TO SUPPORT THE MERDEKA CURRICULUM IN REDOX REACTIONS AND ELECTROCHEMISTRY FOR PHASE F SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

AbstractThe research aims to evaluate the development of teaching materials that incorporate multiple representations of chemical concepts, specifically on the topic of redox and electrochemistry, to support the Merdeka Curriculum and enhance student’s mental models in Phase F of senior high school. Educational Design Research (EDR) was the chosen methodology and the study involved three university chemistry lecturers, two chemistry teachers, and nine students. Data collection was carried out using validity and practicality questionnaires. The results revealed that the average construct validity score of 0.87 and the average content validity score of 0,86 classified the materials as valid. Furthermore, the practicality assessment showed that this teaching material received a high practicality score, with a score of 97% from teachers and 92% from students indicating ease of application in learning. In conclusion, the teaching materials developed for redox and electrochemistry lessons, incorporating multiple chemical representations, were proven to be both valid and highly practical, supporting the goals of the Merdeka Curriculum in fostering deeper student understanding.

Interpretable ECG analysis for myocardial infarction detection through counterfactuals

In the evolving landscape of ECG signal analysis, the challenge of limited transparency in machine learning models remains a significant barrier to their effective integration into clinical practice. This study addresses this issue by investigating the use of counterfactual explanations to improve model interpretability for clinicians, particularly in differentiating healthy subjects from myocardial infarction patients. Utilizing the PTB-XL dataset, we developed a methodology for systematic feature extraction and refinement to prepare for counterfactual analysis. This led to the creation of the Visualizing Counterfactual Clues on Electrocardiograms (VCCE) method, designed to improve the practicality of counterfactual explanations in a clinical setting. The validity of our approach was assessed using custom metrics that reflect the diagnostic relevance of counterfactuals, evaluated with the help of two cardiologists. Our findings suggest that this approach could support future efforts in using ECGs to predict patient outcomes for cardiac conditions, achieving interpretation validity scores of 23.29 ±1.04 and 20.28 ±0.99 out of 25 for high and moderate-quality interpretations, respectively. Clinical alignment scores of 0.83 ±0.12 for high-quality and 0.57 ±0.10 for moderate-quality interpretations underscore the potential clinical applicability of our method. The methodology and findings of this study contribute to the ongoing discussion on enhancing the interpretability of machine learning models in cardiology, offering a concept that bridges the gap between advanced data analysis techniques and clinical decision-making. The source code for this study is available at https://github.com/tanyelai/vcce.

The Psychometric Properties and Utility of the Indonesian Florida Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory

At present, Indonesia's lack of a validated measure for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) presents a barrier to diagnostic and treatment processes. In the current study, the Indonesian Florida Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (FOCI) was evaluated in terms of its reliability, validity, and optimal cut-off score in predicting OCD presence. Participants comprised 384 adults, including 157 with OCD, 80 case-controls with anxiety or mood disorders, and 147 healthy controls. Assessments included the FOCI, Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory Revised, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7. Test-retest reliability of the FOCI was evaluated over two weeks amongst 30 OCD patients. Internal consistency within OCD samples for the FOCI Symptom Checklist and Severity Scale was strong (Kuder-Richardson 20, KR-20 = .86 and Cronbach Alpha, α = .86), as was test-retest reliability (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, ICC = .98 (95% CI [.95, .99]) and ICC = .73 (95% CI [0.49, 0.86]), respectively). Convergent and discriminant validity were moderate-to-strong. Confirmatory Factor Analysis found a unidimensional factorial structure for the FOCI Severity Scale. A cut-off score of ≥5 optimally predicted OCD with a sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 65%. Overall, results support the use of Indonesian FOCI in screening and assessing OCD amongst Indonesian samples.

The Mastocytosis Control Test: A Patient-Reported Outcome Measure Assessing Disease Control

BACKGROUNDMastocytosis is characterized by expanding neoplastic mast cells in organs such as the skin, bone marrow, and gastrointestinal tract. The release of mast cell mediators triggers cutaneous, gastrointestinal, and other symptoms. Currently, no validated mastocytosis-specific patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) exists to assess disease control. OBJECTIVEHere, we developed a disease-specific instrument, the Mastocytosis Control Test (MCT), for evaluating and monitoring disease control in patients with non-advanced disease. METHODSSix potential MCT items were generated using a combined approach consisting of a literature review, patient interviews, and expert input. Item selection and reduction were performed by impact analysis and inter-item correlation, followed by expert reviews and cognitive debriefings. In a validation study, the resulting MCT was tested for validity and reliability by assessing internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent validity, known-groups validity, and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis. RESULTSTen patients participated in the item generation phase and 101 in the item reduction and validation phase. The final MCT consisted of five items. Our methods showed a valid total score, high internal consistency, and test-retest reliability. Convergent and known-groups validity demonstrated a strong correlation with related anchors. The ROC curve analysis suggested a cutoff value of ≥13 points to identify patients with good disease control. CONCLUSIONSThe MCT is a disease-specific, valid, and reliable PROM for adult patients with non-advanced disease. It may measure and monitor disease control in routine daily practice and clinical trials.

Augmented reality borobudur temple: Development of the aves booklet on the avadana relief story

The issue identified in the aves sub-material for the class The media has not provided a thorough explanation of the structure and morphology of birds. The objective of this study is to create aves booklet media using augmented reality technology and evaluate its appropriateness through expert evaluations and user feedback. The study methodology employed is exploratory descriptive research, which is subsequently followed by development research utilizing the ADDIE model. Utilizing validation evaluation instruments for data analysis. The review of the augmented reality-based Aves booklet by media experts yielded a validity and feasibility score of 91.6%, while material specialists rated it at 80%. Meanwhile, Biology teachers rated the user reaction to augmented reality-based aves booklets as 92.5, indicating a very excellent evaluation. Similarly, students' user responses received a rating of 83.25%, indicating a good assessment.

Development of A Science Module Based on Local Culture of NTT to Enhance Critical Thinking Skills of Prospective Elementary School Teachers

The research aims to develop a Science Module based on Local Culture to enhance the Critical Thinking Skills of prospective Elementary School Teachers. This type of research is development research, using the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). The subjects of this study were 30 fifth-semester students of the Elementary School Teacher Education Program, who acted as prospective teachers and used the Local Culture-Based Science Module in their coursework as part of a trial of the module's use. The data collection methods employed were questionnaires to gather information on validation, attractiveness, and practicality, as well as tests to assess effectiveness. The data analysis technique used was descriptive quantitative analysis, where total scores and values were calculated and then averaged to be interpreted according to predetermined criteria. The results obtained from the research process showed that the Local Culture-Based Science Module was valid with a validity score of 3.85, attractive with a score of 82.2, practical with a score of 80, and effective with an average final test score of 83.06. In conclusion, the Local Culture-Based Science Module is valid, attractive, practical, and effective for use as a teaching guide for prospective elementary school teachers

The freedom to learn-independent campus curriculum for shielded metal arc welding: A teaching module development

This study was triggered by the existing teaching modules for the Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) subjects taught at vocational high schools, which do not align with the Freedom to Learn-Independent Campus (FLIC) learning objectives, and do not provide a systematic organization. In order to enhance the learning experience, this research developed a new learning module that integrated Problem-based Learning (PBL), promoting critical thinking, and the practical application of theoretical concepts, following the FLIC curriculum. Utilizing a Research and Development (R&D) approach with the Instructional Design Institute (IDI) model, this study involved two welding instructors and four lecturers as validators to assess the content and usability of the module. The IDI model comprised three steps: instructional (define), development (develop), and institute (evaluate). The research findings regarding the validity assessment by subject matter experts yielded a final validity score of 0.924, while media and language experts provided a score of 0.936, meeting the valid criteria. The practical usability test of the learning module resulted in a score of 94%, indicating that it is highly practical for students to use as learning media. Based on the validity and practicality assessments of the developed module, it can be concluded that the SMAW learning module is highly practical to use as teaching media, aligning with FLIC curriculum.

Pengembangan Majalah Krisan Berbasis Kearifan Lokal untuk Meningkatkan Minat Baca Siswa di SMPN 2 Ujan Mas

Literacy proficiency can be assessed through the Educational Report via the Minimum Competency Assessment. Based on the educational report results, the literacy scores of students at SMPN 2 Ujan Mas are still low, which is also evident from the students’ low reading interest at school. This study aimed to develop the Krisan magazine based on local wisdom to increase students’ reading interest at SMPN 2 Ujan Mas. The Krisan magazine was developed using the ADDIE model, which consists of five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The development focused on creating high-quality content based on local wisdom that can be accessed through various digital devices. The material expert validation results indicated that the Krisan magazine is appropriate, with a validation score of 3.20. The media expert validation results also showed that the Krisan magazine is appropriate, with a validation score of 3.18. The evaluation results through feasibility testing indicated that 95.18% of students and 89% of teachers gave a very positive response to the Krisan magazine. Based on the research results, Krisan magazine has proven effective in increasing students’ reading interest and can be implemented as an innovative interactive literacy medium.

Designing Learning Assessment with STEAM-Based Projects in Implementing of the Kurikulum Merdeka

This study aims to develop a learning assessment design with STEAM-based projects for implementing the Kurikulum Merdeka in junior high schools, focusing on the topic of environmental pollution. The Design-Based Research (DBR) approach was used, comprising three stages: analysis and exploration, design and construction, and evaluation and reflection. The assessment design was validated by three experts and tested with 35 students and a science teacher at a junior high school in Pontianak. Results from the analysis and exploration phase revealed that teachers needed a comprehensive assessment method to evaluate 21st-century skills. In the design phase, the developed assessment included project matrices and rubrics, receiving a validation score of 85.45%, indicating high validity. In the trial phase, teachers found the assessment design easy to use and effective in evaluating students' understanding of science and scientific processes. The design also identified students’ problem-solving and creative thinking skills. The findings suggest that this assessment could be a useful tool for evaluating students’ 21st-century skills and offers potential for further research, particularly in large-scale trials to improve its quality.

Development of a Popular Science Book on the Population Structure of Kapok (Ceiba pentandra Gaertn.) along the Banks of the Aluh Aluh River, Simpang Warga Village, Banjar District, South Kalimantan

Teaching materials are a collection of books containing information or materials that are arranged in an orderly manner to support the learning process. The kapok plant found on the banks of the Aluh Aluh River, Simpang Warga Village, Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan, has the potential to be a source of learning based on local potential in the form of popular scientific books. This study aims to determine the population structure of kapok plants and determine the feasibility of popular scientific books on the structure of kapok populations as teaching materials for plant ecology. The method used is the 3-phase Plomp development method, namely preliminary research, prototype making phase, and assessment phase. The teaching materials in the form of popular scientific books that were developed have a validity score with very valid criteria and have a student readability score with very good criteria. So it can be concluded that the teaching materials of popular scientific books on the structure of kapok plant populations can be used as teaching materials in the learning process.

Enhanced Security Framework for Multi-Layered Wireless Communication Systems

The goal is to predict a Windows machine’s probability of getting infected by various families of malware, based on different properties of that machine. The telemetry data containing these properties and the machine infections was generated by combining heartbeat and threat reports collected by Microsoft’s endpoint protection solution, Windows Defender. Each row in this dataset corresponds to a ma- chine, uniquely identified by a Machine Identifier. Has Detections is the ground truth and indicates that Malware was detected on the machine. Using the information and labels in train.csv, you must predict the value for Has Detections for each machine in test.csv. The sampling methodology used to create this dataset was designed to meet certain business constraints, both in regards to user privacy as well as the time period during which the machine was running. Malware detection is inherently a time-series problem, but it is made complicated by the introduction of new machines, machines that come online and offline, machines that receive patches, machines that receive new operating systems, etc. While the dataset provided here has been roughly split by time, the complications and sampling requirements mentioned above may mean you may see imperfect agreement between your cross validation, public, and private scores! Additionally, this dataset is not representative of Microsoft customers machines in the wild it has been sampled to include a much larger proportion of malware machines

The NACA score predicts mortality in polytrauma patients before hospital admission: a registry-based study

BackgroundThe early assessment of the severity of polytrauma patients is key for their optimal management. The aim of this study was to investigate the discriminative performance of the NACA score in a large dataset by stratifying the severity of polytraumatized patients in correlation to injury severity score (ISS), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), and mortality.MethodsThis study on the Swiss Trauma Registry investigated 2239 polytraumatized patient (54.3 ± 22.8 years) enrolled from 2015 to 2023: 0.5% were NACA 3, 76.7% NACA 4, 21.4% NACA 5, and 1.4% NACA 6. The NACA predictive value of patients’ mortality was investigated, as well as the correlation of ISS and GCS scores, and other factors influencing patients’ survival at discharge and after 28 days.ResultsIn NACA 4 and 5 the survival rate during hospitalization was 97.7% and 82.5%, respectively, and 28-day mortality 3.5% and 23.5%, respectively (p < 0.0005). NACA correlated with GCS in the prehospital phase and in the emergency room (p < 0.0005), as well as with ISS (p < 0.0005). NACA 4 and 5 presented different injury patterns (fall < 3 m vs vehicle accident) with NACA 5 requiring more CPR and intubation (p < 0.001, p < 0.0005). The ROC AUC analysis showed the prehospital NACA and GCS values as the strongest variables predicting patients’ survival.ConclusionsThis study provides valuable evidence supporting the effectiveness of the NACA score in assessing the severity of polytrauma patients in both the pre-ER and ER condition. Considering the statistical significant correlation with the GCS and with the ISS, NACA is a valid score for assessing polytrauma patients.

Development of the quality improvement collaborative questionnaire (QuIC) to explore quality improvement partnerships to teach pre-registration nursing students

Background Quality improvement partnerships between healthcare organisations and higher education require further research to explore their potential to provide a valuable education experience for pre-registration nursing students. Aims Develop and validate a questionnaire for nurse academics to evaluate quality improvement content in pre-registration nursing curricula and the extent of partnership with higher education providers in developing this content. Conduct a pilot test of the questionnaire. Study design Use a content validity approach. Methods The Australian higher education sector was the setting and participants were nurse academics with knowledge of the quality improvement content taught in pre-registration nursing courses. The quality improvement collaboration (QuIC) questionnaire was informed by the literature and sent to ten quality improvement and higher education experts for content validation. Each question was scored on a Likert scale for relevance and clarity. The QuIC questionnaire was distributed by email to the 37 higher education organisations offering pre-registration programmes in Australia. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the questionnaire data. Results Eight experts completed the content validity questionnaire in full, with the QuIC questionnaire achieving an excellent content validity score of 0.94 for relevance and clarity. The QuIC questionnaire was completed by 24 participants. The results indicated that quality improvement education partnerships are only used occasionally in Australia. The education methods used to teach this content were case studies (online cases n = 11, 46%; patient cases n = 9, 38%) and the development of quality improvement education materials (n = 7, 29%). Conclusions The QuIC questionnaire demonstrates excellent relevance and clarity, and is the first in the literature to address the constructs of quality improvement education and partnerships. The pilot results provide insight into quality improvement education methods used in Australia and the presence of partnerships. These results may be used to assist in the implementation of quality improvement education partnerships into curricula across the health professions.

Assessment of Practice Preparedness among Novice Nurses in Private Hospitals: A Cross-sectional Study

Background. The crop of novice nurses who are currently employed is a product of flexible learning who had limited contact hours with actual patients, which is contrary to those who graduated from traditional learning modalities. Hence, it is essential to evaluate how the impact of flexible learning modality has affected the practice preparedness levels of novice nurses in the hospital setting. Objective. This study aimed to determine the level of practice preparedness and its associated factors among novice nurses who work in private hospitals. Methods. The study utilized a cross-sectional survey design. Data was gathered from a total enumeration of ninetyfour novice staff nurses who graduated from the flexible learning curriculum and are currently employed in private hospitals in Baguio City and La Trinidad. The tool used was a questionnaire in two parts. Part 1 consisted of questions related to demographic information and factors related to practice preparedness, and part 2 included the Nursing Practice Readiness Scale, with validity and reliability scores of &gt;0.924 and 0.90, respectively. The data was analyzed using the SPSS V27 trial version. The protocol was approved by the Saint Louis University Research Ethics Committee. Results. Findings reveal that more novice nurses in private hospitals perceived themselves as well-prepared across all domains of practice preparedness: “Collaborative Interpersonal Relationship” (n = 94, 100%); “Patient Centeredness” (n = 92, 97.90%); “Self-regulation” (n = 90, 95.70%); “Clinical Judgment and Nursing Performance” (n = 78, 83.00%); and “Professional Attitudes” (n = 76, 80.90%). There is a significant association between practice preparedness and the following factors: “Attended more than one Training/Seminars per year” (p = 0.02), “Graduated from Private Schools” (p = 0.03), and “Assigned in Regular Wards” (p = 0.05).On the other hand, no significant association was found between practice preparedness and the following factors: “Sex” (p = 0.61) and “Membership in Professional Organizations” (p = 0.73). Conclusion. In agreement with existing studies, practice preparedness is multifactorial. However, what this study contributes are new factors that are favorable in making novice nurses more confident in performing their roles and responsibilities. These include being a graduate of private schools, being assigned to regular wards, and attending professional training/seminars more than once annually. Advantageously, these factors that promote practice preparedness are modifiable.

Adapted physical education: how the character development of students with physical disabilities in Yogyakarta, Indonesia?

The purpose of this study is to describe the learning system of Adapted Physical Education for students with physical disabilities to develop the character of students with physical disabilities. The methodology used used a descriptive method with a qualitative approach and literature study. The type of data collected comes from secondary data in the form of the results of previous experiences and elaborated sentences which are answers from research subjects conducted by means of interviews. The subjects in this study were 30 Adapted PE teachers in Yogyakarta. The research instruments used interview guides and documentation. The interview instrument had previously been validated for each item through expert judgement by two experts (Gregory) with a validity score of 0.86. Adapted PE teachers use various approaches and strategies in learning for students with physical disabilities in an inclusive manner to strengthen physical and character development. The independent curriculum in Indonesia is closely aligned with inclusive education in character development by publishing the Concept and Guidelines for Strengthening Character Education. Although the use of technology has not yet been implemented, teachers agree on the development of technology in learning that is easily accessible, supports active participation of students, and can be adapted according to the individual needs of students.

Validity of problem-based learning biodiversity e-book integrating Ruwat Petirtaan Jolotundo's local wisdom for science literacy

The problems faced in school textbooks and student worksheets are common problems globally and there are no daily problems that are in accordance with the surrounding environment and current problems so that they do not train students' scientific literacy skills. This research focuses on validity and readability of developing an integrated e-book that incorporates Jolotundo temple local wisdom into Biodiversity material to enhance high school students' Science Literacy skills. The study addresses the challenge of limited teaching materials due to the shortage of teachers capable of preparing suitable content for 21st-century learning, which emphasizes Science Literacy. The Research and Development (R&amp;D) method was employed using the ADDIE framework, encompassing analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. Data was collected through validation by two biology lecturers, material experts, and media experts, as well as a readability test. The e-book received high validation scores: 3.65 for presentation, 3.66 for content appropriateness, and 3.72 for language appropriateness. The readability test indicated a level 10, aligning with the cognitive level of grade X high school students, and was categorized as very positive and appropriate. In conclusion, the integrated e-book is highly feasible and valid for enhancing science literacy skills in grade X high school students, making it an effective tool for 21st-century learning.

STEM-based ecology module development for differentiated learning in agroecosystem of junior high schools

The study aims to describe the development of an integrated STEM-based ecological module to improve creative thinking skills and learning outcomes in agroecosystems in differentiated learning. The research method is developing the Thiagarajan Four-D model with a one-group pretest-posttest design. Validation data were obtained from module validation, learning design, creative thinking skills rubric, and learning outcome test. Practicality is determined based on teacher and student responses, learning implementation, and readability tests. Effectiveness is determined based on the N-gain value of creative thinking skills and learning outcomes. The results of the study were very significant: the score of module validation was 90.21, the result of all practice indicators was 92.9, the N-gain effectiveness result of creative thinking skills was 0.86, and the N-gain result of learning outcomes was 0.92. In conclusion, the STEM-based ecological module in differentiated classes is valid, practical, and effective in improving creative thinking skills and learning outcomes.