UV Vis Spectroscopy Research Articles

Biomolecular Interactions and Anticancer Mechanisms of Ru(II)-Arene Complexes of Cinnamaldehyde-Derived Thiosemicarbazone Ligands: Analysis Combining In Silico and In Vitro Approaches.

Our study focuses on synthesizing and exploring the potential of three N-(4) substituted thiosemicarbazones derived from cinnamic aldehyde, alongside their Ru(II)-(η6 -p-cymene)/(η6-benzene) complexes. The synthesized compounds were comprehensively characterized using a range of analytical techniques, including FT-IR, UV-visible spectroscopy, NMR (1H, 13C), and HRMS. We investigated their electronic and physicochemical properties via density functional theory (DFT). X-ray crystal structures validated structural differences identified by DFT. Molecular docking predicted promising bioactivities, supported by experimental observations. Notably, docking with EGFR suggested an inhibitory potential against this cancer-related protein. Spectroscopic titrations revealed significant DNA/BSA binding affinities, particularly with DNA intercalation and BSA hydrophobic interactions. RuPCAM displayed the strongest binding affinity with DNA (Kb = 6.23 × 107 M-1) and BSA (Kb = 9.75 × 105 M-1). Assessed the cytotoxicity of the complexes on cervical cancer cells (HeLa), and breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB 231), revealing remarkable potency. Additionally, selectivity was assessed by examining MCF-10a normal cell lines. The active complexes were found to trigger apoptosis, a vital cellular process crucial for evaluating their potential as anticancer agents utilizing staining assays and flow cytometry analysis. Intriguingly, complexation with Ru(II)-arene precursors significantly amplified the bioactivity of thiosemicarbazones, unveiling promising avenues toward the creation of powerful anticancer agents.

High-temperature stable chromium complexes bearing fluorinated PNP ligands for selective ethylene tetramerization toward 1-octene

A series of new fluorinated PNP ligands of bis(ortho-fluorophenyl)-type (L1-L2) and ortho-fluorophenyl-type (L3-L4) have been synthesized and assessed for the selectivity of ethylene oligomerization. Compared to the non-fluorinated analogue ligand L6, the fluorinated ligand L1 exhibited approximately three times high catalytic activity. The bis(ortho-fluorophenyl)-type ligand L2 with a diethylphosphine substituent offered the highest catalytic performance of 3548 kg∙g−1∙h−1 and the 1-octene selectivity is 67.6 %. Both the L1 and L2 ligands exhibited excellent the activity of catalyst at a high temperature of 100 ℃, with ligand L2 providing the catalytic performance of 1587 kg∙g−1∙h−1 and good selectivity of 47.5 % for 1-C8=. The ortho-fluorophenyl substituent enhances the catalytic activity, while the para-fluorophenyl substituent reduces the catalytic activity. In addition, density functional theory (DFT) calculations and UV–vis spectroscopy have been used to rationalize the role of the fluorine effect in promoting catalytic performance. Our results indicated that the strong inductive effect of fluorine atoms and the non-covalent interaction between fluorine atoms and active centers jointly enhance the stability of the ortho-fluorophenyl-based catalyst and promote its overall activity.

Functionalization of a [2]Catenane with Donor-Acceptor Chromophores Using a Metal Template and Click Reactions.

Synthesizing molecules with significant topological features, such as catenanes, tailored with specific groups to confer desired functionality, is essential for investigating various properties arising from the entanglement due to mechanical bonds. This investigation can pave the way for uncovering novel functional materials employing mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs). In this direction, we have synthesized ap-donor (D) andp-acceptor (A) functionalized [2]catenane using a non-labile Co(III) metal ion as a template with pyridine-diamide templating center and utilizing click reaction for ring-closing. The donor group is a fluorene derivative, and the acceptor is a benzophenazine derivative, commonly employed in synthesizing conjugated polymers for various optoelectronic devices. Synthetically, the acceptor group was introduced into a macrocycle with a pyridine diamide unit. It was then threaded with a ligand having alkyne terminals to obtain the desired [2]pseudorotaxane utilizing cobalt ion as a template. Ring-closing was then performed with a di-azide functionalized molecule with the donor chromophore. The desired D-A functionalized [2]catenane is obtained after demetalation. All the starting materials, macrocycle, and entangled structures have been characterized by1H-NMR,13C-NMR, and mass spectroscopy. Some of these materials are also characterized by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The photophysical properties are studied by UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy.

Magnesium(II) Porphyrazine with Thiophenylmethylene Groups-Synthesis, Electrochemical Characterization, UV–Visible Titration with Palladium Ions, and Density Functional Theory Calculations

The presented studies aimed to evaluate the peripheral coordinating properties of a novel porphyrinoid family representative preceded by its synthesis for potential sensing purposes. Two synthetic pathways were employed to a obtain maleonitrile derivative, further used as a starting material in the cyclotetramerization reaction. In the first one, DAMN was used in sequential double-reductive alkylation with 2-thiophene-carboxyaldehyde and sodium borohydride. In the second, DAMN was used in a one-pot reaction with 2-thiophene-carboxyaldehyde in the presence of a 5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine borane complex in methanol and acetic acid. Following the Linstead approach, the cyclization reaction led to a novel symmetrical magnesium(II) octaaminoporphyrazine with methyl(2-thiophenylmethylene) substituents. The macrocycle’s electrochemical properties were assessed by cyclic and differential pulse voltammetries revealing one reduction and two oxidation peak potentials. The additional spectroelectrochemical measurements showed formation of a cationic form of the macrocycle at an applied potential of 0.6 V. The coordinating properties due to the palladium ion of novel porphyrazines were measured with the use of titration combined with UV–vis spectrometry. The titration of Pd2+ revealed the good sensing activity of porphyrazine in the range of 0.1 to 5 palladium molar equivalents. In addition, Pd2+ ions coordination was also assessed by electrochemical studies, indicating the peak potential shift of 0.1 V in the presence of metal cations. DFT calculations showed the good agreement between theoretical and experimental data in the UV–vis and 1H NMR studies.

Bisphosphonium Benzene Diimides.

The incorporation of cationic groups onto electron-poor compounds is a viable strategy for achieving potent electron acceptors, as evidenced by reports of air-stable radical forms of large aromatic diimides such as naphthalene and perylene diimides. These ions have also been observed to exhibit anion-π interaction tendencies of interest in molecular recognition applications. The benefits of phosphonium incorporation, however, have not yet been extended to the smallest benzene diimides. Here, we report that dibrominated pyromellitic diimide and mellophanic diimide both readily undergo substitution reactions with phosphine sources to yield bisphosphonium compounds. In the single crystalline form, these dications display anion-π interactions and, in the case of mellophanic diimide, the stabilization of a bromide-water H-bonding ring pattern. The reaction of these dications with chemical reductants readily provides the singly and doubly reduced redox states, which were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy and found to exhibit intense absorptions extending into the near-IR region. Taken together, this work demonstrates that phosphonium incorporation onto congested aromatic diimide scaffolds is synthetically viable and produces unusual electron-poor compounds.

Chlorine-Modified Soluble Melem-Based Graphitic Carbon Nitrite: Facile Synthesis, Catalytic Property and Ultrafast 2D IR Spectroscopic Characterization.

On the basis of thermal etching bulk graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), a mild hydrochloric acid treatment method was used in this work to produce g-C3N4 nano-sheets (CNNS) and further carbon nitride with chloride-modification (CNCl). The latter has thinner layer and smaller particle size and exhibit greatly improved dispersibility and solubility in water, DMSO and other polar solvents. A typical photocatalytic reaction in solution driven by CNCl shows a significantly improved photocatalytic performance over bulk g-C3N4 and CNNS. Steady-state analytical tools including SEM, mass, UV-Vis and IR spectroscopies, and time-resolved two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) vibrational spectroscopy, were used together in this work. Better solubility, more flexible structure, smaller size, easier generation of free radicals and lower recombination rate of electron-hole pair, are believed to be reasons for the superior photocatalytic performance of CNCl.

Structural, spectroscopy, nonlinear optical, and laser damage threshold analyses of sodium guanidinium bis(4-methylbenzenesulfonate) hydrate (NGMBS) crystal

Sodium guanidinium bis(4-methylbenzenesulfonate) hydrate (NGMBS) crystallized in the monoclinic crystal system with non-centrosymmetric space group P21. The mixed ionic crystal assembly was stabilized by N H⋯O hydrogen bonding involving guanidinium ion and with Na+ ions surrounded by aqua ligands and S–O oxygen atoms completing six coordination involving with coordinate covalent and ion–dipole interactions. A supramolecular assembly in two dimensions (along the a and b-axis) is possible by H-bonding which brought the Na+ within a distance of 3.6493 Å. The two 4-methylbenzenesulfonate ligands in one formula unit were not identical and exhibited structural variations. Hirshfeld analyses indicated significant interaction due to N⋯H, O⋯H, and Na+ … O. The vibrational bands were ascertained using FTIR. A cut-off wavelength of 273 nm and bandgap of 4.50 eV were estimated from UV–visible spectroscopy. The compound excited at 260 showed emission at 291 nm. Colour purity up to 95.62 % was estimated from chromaticity calculations. Kurtz-Perry's method confirmed that NGMBS showed NLO properties 1.5 times than KDP. The NGMBS crystal demonstrated superior resistance to LASER induced damage as compared to urea.

Green Extraction of Reed Lignin: The Effect of the Deep Eutectic Solvent Composition on the UV-Shielding and Antioxidant Properties of Lignin

Lignin, the second most abundant natural polymer, is a by-product of the biorefinery and pulp and paper industries. This study was undertaken to evaluate the properties and estimate the prospects of using lignin as a by-product of the pretreatment of common reed straw (Phragmites australis) with deep eutectic solvents (DESs) of various compositions: choline chloride/oxalic acid (ChCl/OA), choline chloride/lactic acid (ChCl/LA), and choline chloride/monoethanol amine (ChCl/EA). The lignin samples, hereinafter referred to as Lig-OA, Lig-LA, and Lig-EA, were obtained as by-products after optimizing the conditions of reed straw pretreatment with DESs in order to improve the efficiency of subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis. The lignin was studied using gel penetration chromatography, UV-vis, ATR-FTIR, and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy; its antioxidant activity was assessed, and the UV-shielding properties of lignin/polyvinyl alcohol composite films were estimated. The DES composition had a significant impact on the structure and properties of the extracted lignin. The lignin’s ability to scavenge ABTS+• and DPPH• radicals, as well as the efficiency of UV radiation shielding, decreased as follows: Lig-OA > Lig-LA > Lig-EA. The PVA/Lig-OA and PVA/Lig-LA films with a lignin content of 4% of the weight of PVA block UV radiation in the UVA range by 96% and 87%, respectively, and completely block UV radiation in the UVB range.

Unravelling the effect of soxhlet extracted Pisolithus arhizus fungi in bio-sensitized solar cells in response to diverse polar solvents

The potential application of Pisolithus arhizus fungi as an effective sensitizer in bio-sensitized solar cells (BSSCs) is the first of its kind to investigate the photovoltaic performance of BSSCs in polar protic and aprotic solvents. The soxhlet extraction method was employed to extract dye molecules in organic solvents including chloroform, 2-propanol, acetone, ethanol, methanol and DMSO and named PA1, PA2, PA3, PA4, PA5, PA6 to fabricate BSSCs. TiO2 and Platinum were used as working and counter electrodes. The structural, optical, morphological properties of the extracted dyes and dye anchored TiO2 films were analyzed through FTIR, UV–Vis spectroscopy and FESEM analysis. The optical absorption analysis revealed the presence of pisoquinone pigments in the fungi, from flavonoid family. The current-voltage, electrochemical impedance and cyclic voltammetry analysis showed that the PA4 ethanolic-based BSSC demonstrated the highest power conversion efficiency of 1.31 % compared to other DSSCs, with a Jsc of 3.40 mA cm−2 and Voc of 514 mV and the bandgap energy of 1.8eV. The order of the conversion efficiency for DSSCs with different solvents was ethanol (PA4) > methanol (PA5) > acetone (PA3) > DMSO (PA6) > 2-propanol (PA2) > chloroform (PA1). This finding highlights that selecting optimal, novel sensitizers and extraction solvents is crucial to maximize solar cell efficiency.

MoS2 augmentation in CZTS solar cells: Detailed experimental and simulation analysis

This study investigates the optimization of CZTS-based thin-film solar cells through the incorporation of MoS2 as an interfacial layer. Using SCAPS-1D simulation software, we analyzed the effects of layer thicknesses, carrier concentrations, and defect densities on device performance. The optimized CZTS (100 nm)/ MoS2(1000 nm)/ CdS(100 nm)/ ZnO(50 nm) structure demonstrated a significant efficiency increase to 19.01 % compared to 17.03 % for the CZTS (1100 nm)/ CdS(100 nm)/ ZnO(50 nm) cell. Key improvements include enhanced charge generation, quantum efficiency, and balanced carrier transport.Materials were synthesized using microwave-assisted methods and characterized by XRD and UV–vis spectroscopy. XRD confirmed the desired crystal structures, while optical bandgaps of 1.5 eV (CZTS), 1.3 eV (MoS2), 2.4 eV (CdS), and 3.3 eV (ZnO) were determined. Practical solar cells were fabricated using spin-coating techniques, with thicknesses of CZTS (122 nm)/ MoS2 (1038 nm)/ CdS(130 nm)/ ZnO(94 nm). While showing improved performance with the MoS2 layer, efficiencies were lower than simulated values due to fabrication-related defects. The best experimental cell achieved 1.89 % efficiency, compared to 1.38 % without MoS2.This research demonstrates the potential of MoS2 as an effective interfacial layer in CZTS solar cells, providing insights into optimizing layer properties for enhanced performance. The study also highlights the challenges in translating simulated improvements to practical devices, emphasizing the need for advanced fabrication techniques to minimize defects and maximize efficiency.

Tailoring the structural, optical, hydrophobicity and electrical properties of ZnO thin films by copper doping for self-clean optoelectronic application

Optoelectronic devices such as solar panels, cameras, screens, and sensors frequently suffer reduced performance due to dust accumulation. Incorporating self-cleaning features not only sustains their efficiency but also minimizes maintenance expenses, especially for large or challenging-to-access setups. In this study, copper doped-zinc oxide (CZO) thin films with varying copper (Cu) concentrations were created using the reactive co-sputtering process. These films underwent a comprehensive analysis, including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to examine their structure, morphology, and elemental composition. Optical properties were investigated through UV–Vis spectroscopy, while hydrophobicity and electrical characteristics were assessed with contact angle and I–V measurements. Spectroscopic ellipsometry was employed to analyse surface attributes. The results confirmed that as Cu concentrations increased, the crystallite and grain size of ZnO in the films also increased. A red shift in the band gap was observed in UV–Vis spectroscopy, and Cu doping effectively reduced the electrical resistivity of the ZnO thin film. The CZO thin film, with a 60 nm thickness, low roughness (1.49 nm), high optical transmittance (around 80.20 %), a wide band gap (3.22 eV), a substantial contact angle (113°), and low electrical resistivity (5.9 × 105 Ω cm), holds great promise for use in transparent, conductive, and self-cleaning optoelectronic devices.

Evaluating the role of Er3+ ion on the structural, optical and thermal properties of CaO–ZrO2–Y2O3–B2O3–SiO2 glasses

The present work is involved in synthesizing, characterizing, and evaluating the role of Er3+ ion on structural, optical, and thermal properties of 20CaO–10ZrO2–10Y2O3-30 B2O3-(30-x)SiO2-xEr2O3 (x = 0.3, 0.6, 1.0, and 1.5 mol%) compositions. The as-synthesized samples are characterized by various experimental techniques such as XRD, FTIR, Raman, UV visible spectroscopy, and DSC to study their suitability for optoelectronic applications. The density of glasses increases, whereas the molar volume decreases with the doping of Er2O3 in place of SiO2. The amorphous nature of the prepared samples is confirmed by the X-ray diffraction pattern. FTIR and Raman spectra confirm the presence of BO4 and BO3 structural units in the prepared glass samples. The UV–visible absorption spectra show 4G9/2, 4G11/2, 2G9/2, 4F5/2, 4F7/2, 2H11/2, and 4F9/2 transitions with the Er2O3 doping. The optical band gap increases from 3.25 to 3.61 eV, whereas the refractive index decreases from 2.33 to 2.24 with increasing doping of Er2O3, except for the SE-1.5 glass sample. The molar refraction decreases with Er2O3 doping. The glass transition temperature increases from 472 to 512 °C with Er2O3 doping in place of SiO2, except for the SE-1.5 glass. SE-0.3 glass shows the highest thermal stability, while SE-1.5 glass shows the lowest thermal stability. Therefore, these glasses can be considered for application in optoelectronics.

Styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer modified bitumen with ultraviolet absorbent intercalated layered double hydroxide: Compatibility and anti-ageing properties

2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid (ultraviolet absorbent, BP) intercalated layered double hydroxide (LDH) was synthesized to enhance the anti-ageing properties of styrene–butadiene–styrene block copolymer (SBS) modified bitumen (SMB). X-ray diffraction and UV–vis spectroscopy indicated that BP has been successfully substituted into LDH interlamination, and BP intercalated LDH (BP-LDH) exhibited better UV absorptive capacity than LDH. Then, the physical and rheological properties, chemical structure of BP-LDH and LDH modified SMB before and after ageing were comprehensively studied. Compared with LDH, BP-LDH possessed the smaller difference in solubility parameters (δ) and the stronger interaction energy (Einter) with SMB, resulting in the better compatibility of BP-LDH modified SMB. The high-temperature stability of SMB was promoted with the addition of BP-LDH or LDH, especially BP-LDH. After ageing, the temperature susceptibility, low-temperature anti-cracking and anti-fatigue cracking of SMB were deteriorated, the oxygen-containing groups (C = O and S = O) in SMB noticeably increased and carbon–carbon double bond (C = C) concurrently decreased. LDH could mitigate the ruin of ageing on the performance and chemical structures of SMB, and strengthen the anti-ageing performance. Furthermore, BP intercalated modification could further significantly heighten the performance of LDH.

Potato peel carbon dots produced via fixed bed pyrolysis reactor decorated 1-D TiO2 nanorods for rapid removal of methylene blue, Cr (VI), Escherichia coli, and Aspergillus niger

In this work, new type carbon quantum dots produced from waste of biomass were used as a dopant molecule in order to investigated photocatalytic properties of TiO2 nanorods structures. Low-cost and eco-friendly carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were obtained via slow pyrolysis of potato peels (PP) as a biomass waste without any chemicals by fixed bed pyrolysis. Potato peel quantum dots (P-CQDs) decorated TiO2 nanorods (P-CQDs/TNRs) were synthesized were by utilizing their high specific surface area, good dispersion, abundant surface functional groups. (P-CQDs) were imposed on the surface of the one-dimensional TiO2 nanorods fabricated via chemical impregnation method for P-CQDs/TiO2 nanorods (P-CQDs/TNRs) that TiO2 nanorods have been fabricated by hydrothermal route. Characteristic properties of as-prepared P-CQDs/TNRs photocatalysts were characterized employing TGA, XRD, XPS, FE-SEM/EDS, HRTEM, FTIR, fluorescence and UV–vis spectroscopy, resp. The photocatalytic activity of as-prepared P-CQDs/TNRs were investigated for methylene blue, hexavalent chromium, Escherichia coli and Aspergillus niger under UV-A. The obtained results suggest that the photocatalytic activity of P-CQDs/TNRs composites was slightly enhanced as compared to that of TNRs. The scenario behind the superior photocatalytic activity of P-CQDs/TNRs may be having a synergetic effect between P-CQDs molecules and the surface of TNRs, and also the design of the charge-transfer channel of TNRs. Moreover, the carbon derived from a natural green source possesses the various functional groups such as CC, C-OH, C-O-C, CO, and when these functional groups deposited to the surface of the TiO2 nanorods, newly formed nanocomposites can improve the visible light-driven photocatalytic activity.

Cytotoxic potential of Curcuma caesia rhizome extract and derived gold nanoparticles in targeting breast cancer cell lines

Among all types of cancer, breast cancer is the most aggressive, as it is responsible for most of the cancer related death of women. Though several medical therapies are available, the scenario of curing such disease is not favorable. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find alternatives to deal with it. The knowledge of ethnopharmacy might give some better solution to mitigate such deadly diseases. Here, we are using the rhizome of Curcuma caesia Roxb. (Black turmeric), as well as gold nanoparticles (GNPs) synthesized with it to check their specific cytotoxic potentiality against breast cancer cell lines. In our study, ethanolic extract was used to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of the rhizome. GNPs were synthesized by using the same extract and characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy (UV–Vis), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). The TEM, XRD, FTIR and TGA results revealed the successful synthesis and capping of GNPs. The UV–Vis Spectrum showed a sharp and narrow absorption peak at 550 nm and HRTEM confirmed both the stability and successful synthesis of the nanoparticles. The MTT assay of the crude extract revealed strong cytotoxicity against breast cancer cell lines viz. MCF-7 (ER+) and MDA MB-231 (Triple Negative Breast Cancer, TNBC) by showing IC50 values as 15.70 ± 0.029 and 21.57 ± 0.031 μg/mL respectively. For extract mediated GNPs, the IC50 values were found to be 6.44 ± 0.045 and 5.87 ± 0.031μg/mL respectively in both breast cancer cell lines. As the IC50 value for GNPs was found to be much lower than that of crude extract, it indicates a higher efficiency of the GNP. However, both the rhizome extract and its mediated GNPs showed more toxicity towards MDA MB-231 (TNBC) cell lines. It was also observed that the GNPs showed more toxicity towards TNBC cell lines compared to the rhizome extract. No toxicity was found in case of other cell lines such as L 929 and HeLa for both crude extract as well as for GNPs. These observations suggests that both the crude rhizome extract and its derived GNPs exhibit selective cytotoxic potential against breast cancer cell lines, which might be exploited for target specific treatment. Moreover, with an understanding of the mechanism behind the GNPs therapeutic efficiency, it can be developed as a personalized therapy to treat such type of cancers.

Photocatalytic degradation of indigo carmine dye by hydrothermally synthesized graphene nanodots (GNDs): investigation of kinetics and thermodynamics.

Graphene nano dots (GNDs) are an intriguing emerging class of materials at the nano scale with distinctive characteristics and exciting potential applications. Graphene oxide was synthesized in a lab setting using a modified version of Hummers' approach and used as a precursor for synthesis of graphene nano dots. Graphene oxide is then treated through hydrothermal treatment to produce GNDs with exact control over their size and form. Synthesized graphene nano dots were subjected to various instruments to study morphology, crystallinity, size and other properties. UV-visible spectroscopy was used to detect the maximum absorbance of light. For functional group identification, FTIR analysis was conducted. X-ray diffraction analysis explained structural composition and various other parameters i.e., crystal size and diameter, which was further verified by Vesta software. Surface morphology of GNDs was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. AFM analysis of GNDs demonstrates the topography of the surface. The photo degradation of the indigo carmine dye by the GNDs also demonstrates their superiority as UV-visible light driven photo catalysts. To evaluate the results, the thermodynamics and kinetics of the degradation reactions are examined. The effects of several factors, such as temperature, initial concentration, time, pH and catalyst concentration, are also investigated. The data will be analyzed statistically by regression and correlation analysis using dependent and independent variables, regression coefficient and other statistical techniques.

Gompherna globosa flower extract-driven ZnO nanoparticles for enhanced antimicrobial and photocatalytic properties

The aqueous extract of Gomphrena globosa flowers was utilized for the first time as an effective capping and reducing agent for the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). The synthesized nanoparticles were examined using x-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDAX), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and UV–vis spectroscopy. XRD revealed the single-phase wurtzite structure of ZnO nanoparticles with a P63mc space group with an average size of 23 nm. The band gap of synthesized ZnO nanoparticles was determined as 3.16 eV from UV–vis spectroscopy. The rod-shaped structure of the synthesized ZnO NPs was revealed by SEM. The presence of the elements Zn & O was confirmed by EDAX. TEM and SAED confirmed that the average particle size was 26 nm and that the material was polycrystalline. The bio-inspired ZnO NPs achieved outstanding degradation activity of 95.4% against Malachite Green dye after 20 min of UV illumination. The antibacterial properties of the green synthesized nanoparticles were assessed in relation to gram-positive (Staphylococcus sp., Bacillus sp.,) and gram-negative (E. coli, Klebsiella sp.) bacteria. ZnO nanoparticles possess strong antifungal property against a pathogenic fungus Aspergillus niger. This study shows that green-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles derived from Gomphrena globosa flower extract are recommended for use in anti-microbial and photocatalytic applications.

Antioxidant and Antibacterial Screening and Hg(II) Sensing, Activities of Cu(II)pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate Complexes.

In this study five different complexes of Cu(II) were synthesized for the purpose of environmentally notorious mercury sensing and preliminary biological screening. Pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (also known as dipicolinic acid, and abbreviated as H2DPA), 3-phenyl pyrazole (3-ppz), 4-iodo-1H-pyrazole (4-ipz), 4-nitropyrazole (4-npz), 4-bromopyrazole (4-bpz), and 4-chloropyrazole (4-cpz) were chosen as potential ligands. The synthesized complexes labelled as 1-5, namely [Cu(DPA)(3-ppz)], [Cu(DPA)(4-ipz)], [Cu(DPA)(4-npz)], [Cu(DPA)(4-bpz)], [Cu(DPA)(4-cpz)], were proposed based on spectroscopic data (FTIR, TGA, and UV-visible spectroscopy). These complexes feature C=O functionalities that are not involved in coordination and may be used for further applications. The isolated complexes were utilized for detecting Hg(II) ions in water samples. Various concentrations of Hg(II) ions were prepared for detection purposes, and changes in absorption concerning complexes 1-5 were determined using UV-Visible spectroscopy. It was found that complexes 3 and 4 exhibit efficient sensing abilities towards Hg(II) ions. The antibacterial activities of complexes 1-5 were assessed against S. typhi and E. coli. The complexes 1 and 3 displayed good antibacterial activities against S. typhi (13.67, and 13.56 mm, respectively) while complexes 1, 2 and 4 were found to be efficient against E. coli (11.6, 12.66, 11.31 mm, respectively). The absorption maxima of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) at 517 nm, considerably shifted upon addition of complexes 1-5. The results reveal that the complexes possess potential free radical scavenging abilities.

Fundamental characteristics of ultrasonic green formulations using Avena sativa L. extract-mediated gold nanoparticles and electroconductive nanofibers for cardiovascular nursing care

In the pursuit of novel approaches to address chronic heart failure and enhance cardiovascular nursing care, environmentally sustainable nanomaterials have taken center stage. Recent progress in regenerative medicine has opened doors for the use of biocompatible biomaterials that provide mechanical support to damaged heart tissue and facilitate electrical signaling. This study was dedicated to developing advanced electroconductive nanofibers by incorporating eco-friendly Avena sativa L. extract-mediated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) into polyaniline to create an intricate cardiac patch. The AuNPs were synthesized through an environmentally friendly chemical process aided by ultrasonic conditions. Comprehensive physicochemical analyses, such as UV–Vis spectroscopy, SEM, TEM, DPPH assay, and XRD, were carried out to characterize the AuNPs. These AuNPs were then blended with a polycaprolactone/gelatin polymeric solution and electrospun to fabricate cardiac patches, which underwent thorough evaluation using various techniques. The resulting cardiac patch demonstrated excellent hemocompatibility, antioxidant properties, and cytocompatibility, offering a promising therapeutic approach for myocardial infarctions and the advancement of cardiovascular nursing care.

Structural, optical, and morphological evaluation of PVA/Bi-Ni oxide-rGO nanocomposite casted films for optical devices applications

Herein, the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films doped with various concentrations of Bi2O3-NiO-rGO (BNG) nanoparticles were prepared through casting method. BNG nanoparticles were synthesized first using the co-precipitation method and then loaded into the polymer matrix. Various techniques like X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and optical microscopes were used to determine the PVA’s structure after BNG nanoparticle additives. The thermal stability of the PVA’s film after the additive BNG nanoparticles was examined using the DSC technique. Furthermore, the optical parameters including bandgap energy (Eg), Urbach energy (EU), refractive index (n), optical conductivity, and optical dielectric constants were investigated via the absorbance and transmission data recorded using UV-visible spectroscopy. In addition, the photoemission spectra of the PVA matrix were determined after the inclusion of BNG nanoparticles. The Eg value decreases from 5.57 eV to 3.94 eV and from 4.8 eV to about 1.98 eV for direct and indirect transitions, respectively. While the EU value increases from 0.39 eV for pure PVA to about 3.23 eV for PVA: 4%BNG. The refractive index grows with the insertion of BNG to the PVA from 1.387 for pure PVA to about 5.157 for PVA: 4%BNG, which is a good suggestion for optical glasses applications. In addition, the increase in optical dielectric constants and optical conductivity with rising the BNG nanoparticle concentrations in the PVA matrix was confirmed. Such enhancement suggests the use of prepared samples in optical device applications.