UV-vis Absorption Measurements Research Articles

A study on structural and optical properties of the synthesized PVP capped Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles, capped with a polymer, have been effectively synthesized using a chemical precipitation method at a relatively low reaction temperature of 60 °C. The present study examines the structural and optical properties of ZnO Nanoparticles (NPs) that have been synthesized and capped with different weight percentages of PVP (Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone). To investigate these properties, advanced analytical techniques including X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Ultra Violet-visible (UV–vis) absorption spectroscopy are employed. The XRD analysis reveals that the synthesized ZnO samples have a hexagonal wurzite structure, regardless of adding capping agent. The Williamson-Hall (W-H) analysis, a commonly used method, estimates the strain present in synthesized materials. The SEM image depicts ZnO NPs that have a nearly spherical form and are seen to be agglomerated. The UV–vis absorption measurements demonstrate a phenomenon known as blue shift when compared to the absorption characteristic of bulk ZnO.

Fast growth of large-sized organic single crystals via spin coating

Spin-coating stands out as one of the fastest and simplest processes for material solidification. While it is commonly employed for producing polycrystalline thin films, recent endeavors have explored its potential for epitaxial growth, albeit primarily limited to inorganic materials. In this study, we demonstrate the spin-coating method enabling the rapid growth of large-sized organic single crystals (OSCs). Within 2 h, we successfully obtained OSCs with controlled lateral sizes of up to 2 mm, which conventionally takes several weeks using slow solvent evaporation. Raman mapping and UV–Vis absorption measurements confirmed the growths of the OSCs. We propose the growth mechanism by using the supersaturated dynamic fluid model. Furthermore, we demonstrate the device integration of these OSCs for charge-transfer complex channel, revealing ambipolar behavior during gate sweep. This innovative OSCs production method has the potential to advance the various field of science and electronics, traditionally hindered by the scarcity of adequately sized OSCs.

Synthesis and characterization of sustainable blue dyes: Enhancing diffusion on nylon fabrics with supercritical CO2 for eco-friendly dyeing methods

A very convenient method was developed to synthesize five dispersed anthraquinone dyestuffs using the readily available starting material 1,4-diaminoanthroquinone. This dye was prepared for coloration on nylon fabrics with supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO2). All the synthesized dyes were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS techniques. The UV-Vis absorbance measurements for all the dyes were carried out, and the results indicated that the absorption peak wavelength of the dyes was approximately 570–641 nm in the blue region. Further, these dispersed dyes were dyed on nylon fabrics with supercritical CO2. After dyed fabrics were tested, the color strength of K/S value and color fastness were tested using like washing, crocking, and sunlight. Additionally, it determines the sweat fastness of dyed nylon fabrics under acidic and basic conditions. The dyes are readily involved in the nucleophilic addition of amino (-NH2, nylon) functional groups to nylon fabrics in an alkaline medium. Therefore, our results showed that these dyes are commercially the most satisfactory, environmentally efficient dyes and practically exhibit sufficient color uniformity.

CuO nanoflowers: Multifaceted implications of various precipitating agents on rectification behaviour

In order to achieve the best possible use of traditional energy resources for the preservation of the environment, semiconductor-based optoelectronic devices are one of the most intriguing methods for converting light energy into electrical energy. CuO has been extensively explored as a material for energy conversion and the development of photo-detectors due to its notable characteristics among other metals, especially its non-toxicity, abundance, high efficiency, electrochemical stability and low cost/promising photodiode. However, some drawbacks limit its practical application in white light and photo-detector, including the rapid recombination rate of photo-generated electron-hole pairs and destitute response to visible light. As a result, several strategies have been developed from an optoelectronics perspective to eradicate these deficiencies and make an effort to enhance CuO photodiode activities. In this research work, the electrical characteristics and rectification behaviour of CuO with various precipitating agents have been examined. The CuO nanoparticles can be synthesized by co-precipitation technique prepared with different precipitants. Through this research, several parameters, such as the structural, functional, morphological, optical and electrical characteristics, were investigated by changing the precipitants. The functional group formation of pure CuO phase was confirmed by FT-IR studies. UV–Vis absorption measurements indicate that the band gap of the CuO nanoparticles was ranging from 2.40 to 2.85 eV. As a diode, CuO/p-Si exhibits a non-ideal behaviour and under light conditions with Na2CO3 precipitant, the better ideality factor is about 2.35. The barrier height is determined by the thermionic emission theory to be 0.77 and 0.79 eV in the dark and light conditions respectively.

Preparation of polycyclosiloxane/ZnO nanoparticle hybrid ultrathin films by Layer-by-Layer assembly methods

Layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly methods through alternative dipping processes were used to prepare hybrid nanoassemblies of 5 nm ZnO nanoparticles (ZnONPs) with catechol-functionalized polycyclosiloxane (CFPS60, 51.9 mol% catechol content). ZnONPs were assembled on solid substrates regularly and firmly through interactions with 4 nm-thick CFPS60, proved using UV-vis absorption measurements, atomic force microscopy and peel-off test. ZnONPs exhibited yellow photoluminescence (PL) in CFPS60/ZnONPs films, and the PL intensity increased notably as the number of bilayers increased. The work demonstrates that CFPS60 has a good hybrid nanoassembly formation capability, which is promising for next-generation optoelectronic device applications.

Photocatalytic Activity of BaAl2O4 for Water Purification.

Degradation of dyes under natural light sources is one of the most active research areas in basic science for greener technology. In this context, the photocatalytic activity of semiconductors has received massive attention in solving water treatment-related issues as these possess enormous potential for degrading organic impurities. Here, we report that barium aluminate (BaAl2O4, BAO), which has been extensively studied for photoluminescence applications, is found to be a highly potent candidate for photocatalytic activities. We have explored the degradation of dyes (meant for water purification) by using the photocatalytic properties of pure and Dy- and Yb-codoped BAO. Crystal structure, electron microscopy, and Raman analysis of the autocombustion-synthesized pure and codoped BAO samples revealed significant morphological changes such as increased particle size and stabilization of rod-like structures. UV-vis absorbance measurements confirm the presence of multiple bandgaps in the BAO samples, which is substantiated by X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements. Photocatalytic degradation studies of methylene blue (MB) dye (with different catalyst concentrations, dopings, and MB dye concentrations) have been carried out by using BAO. The kinetics of the photocatalytic degradation measurements has been explained by the Boltzmann distribution function, and the fastest (in less than 40 min), with more than 99% degradation of MB impurity, is reported here for the first time in BAO compounds. Synthesized BAO samples show excellent cyclic stability, which is essential for their potential applications in environmental remediation. The trade-off between the enhancement of surface area and increased particle size is considered the key parameter for controlling the photocatalytic performance of the BAO catalyst after Dy and Yb codopings.

Chloramphenicol-imprinted polychitosan bounded with carbon dots as fluorescent sensor, dispersive sorbent, and drug carrier.

Chitosan, an abundant natural polysaccharide, was conjugated with carbon dots (CDs) and self-polymerized with chloramphenicol (CAP) templates to synthesize CD-incorporated and molecularly CAP-imprinted polychitosan (CD-MIC). The CD-MIC was used for fluorescent sensing, dispersive sorption, and dosage release of CAP at different pH levels. The sphere of action mechanism, approved by emission and excitation fluorescence, UV-Vis absorption, and fluorescence lifetime measurements, regulated the fluorescence static quenching. By the Perrin model, the quenching extent was linearly correlated to CAP within 0.17 - 33.2μM (LOD = 37nM) at pH 7.0. With an imprinting factor of 3.1, the CD-MIC was more selective for CAP than CD, although it was less sensitive to CAP. The recoveries of 5.0μM CAP from milk matrix were 95% (RSD = 2.3%) for CD-MIC probes and 62% (RSD = 4.5%) for CD. The Langmuir and pseudo-second-order models preferably described the isothermal and kinetic sorptions of CAP into the imprinted cavities in CD-MICs, respectively. The Weber - Morris kinetic model showed three stages involved in intraparticle diffusion, which was pH-dependent and gradually arduous at the later stage, and showed external diffusion partly engaged in the diffusion mechanism. The 20 - 70% of CAP formulated in CAP-embedded CD-MICs were released in 8 - 48h. The release percentage was lower at pH 7.0 than at pH 5.0 and 9.0, but the equilibrium time was shorter. At pH 7.0, the release percentage reached 45% at 10min and slowly increased to 51% at 24h.

Cooperativity of ESPT and Aggregation-Induced Emission Effects-An Experimental and Theoretical Analysis of a 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Derivative.

4-[5-(Naphthalen-1-ylmethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]benzene-1,3-diol (NTBD) was extensively studied through stationary UV-vis absorption and fluorescence measurements in various solvents and solvent mixtures and by first-principles quantum chemical calculations. It was observed that while in polar solvents (e.g., methanol) only a single emission band emerged; the analyzed 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivative was capable of producing dual fluorescence signals in low polarity solvents (e.g., n-hexane) and certain solvent mixtures (e.g., methanol/water). As clearly follows from the experimental spectroscopic studies and theoretical modeling, the specific emission characteristic of NTBD is triggered by the effect of enol → keto excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) that in the case of solvent mixture is reinforced by aggregation of thiadiazole molecules. Specifically, the restriction of intramolecular rotation (RIR) due to environmental hindrance suppresses the formation of non-emissive twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) excited keto* states. As a result, this particular thiadiazole derivative is capable of simultaneously producing both ESIPT and aggregation-induced emission (AIE).

Synthesis and characterization of mixed oxides derived from lanthanum orthoferrite perovskite: exploring morphological, spectroscopic, and photocatalytic properties

We synthesized pure and doped gadolinium, samarium, and chromium LaFeO3 denoted as LFO, LFCO, LGFCO, and LSFCO, respectively, employing a straightforward, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly solid-state method. The resulting samples were characterized through powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV–Visible absorption measurements. The PXRD findings affirmed that the phase structures corresponding to LFO, LFCO, LGFCO, and LSFCO manifested at an identical calcination temperature of 1200 °C, adopting orthorhombic systems. The calculated crystallite size for each sample, employing Debye-Scherrer’s equation, ranged from 25 to 37 nm, with LGFCO and LSFCO exhibiting an augmented crystallite size. This enhancement can be attributed to the integration of dopants into the LaFeO3 lattice, facilitating crystallite growth. SEM images portrayed microstructure composed of fine particle sizes and pseudo-spherical morphology, and the stoichiometry of La, Fe, and O in LFO was confirmed by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Reduction in the band gap was ascribed to the doping effect, with LGFCO exhibiting the lowest band gap value. Notably, this ceramic material demonstrated the highest photocatalytic activity for methylene blue degradation under sunlight radiation, surpassing the performance of the other examined samples.

Detection of NH3 gas using CrVO4 nanoparticles

Nanostructured chromium orthovanadate with an average particle size of 65 nm was prepared by the co-precipitation technique for the chemiresistive sensor. The morphology and particle size distribution of CrVO4 nanoparticles were examined by SEM and TEM. According to XRD, most of the prepared CrVO4 material (crystallites) has a monoclinic structure belonging to the space group C2/m. XPS and UV-Vis absorbance measurements provided additional information on the main phase and the surface. The material has shown reasonable selectivity towards the NH3 gas. The as-prepared CrVO4 nanostructures exhibit a maximum relative response of 32% to 50 ppm NH3. The identical dynamic response profiles during the sequential injections of 50 ppm NH3 evinced the repeatability of the sensor. The limit of detection (LOD) value of the sensor was estimated ca 0.7 ppm using relative response values towards a wide range of NH3 concentrations from 10 ppm to 100 ppm. The sensing mechanism was expressed in terms of the surface band bending phenomenon caused by the adsorption and desorption of the ammonia. The best sensor performance was achieved at 330 °C, where the effects of humidity and moisture can be neglected. The results confirmed that the CrVO4 nanomaterial has the potential to fabricate an affordable, easy-to-make, and reliable gas sensor for NH3 gas.

Synthesis, cation exchange, and optical properties of pyrene-based chromophores containing [CB9H9]− and [CB11H11]− cluster units

Abstract Four monocarborane anion-based compounds connected to a pyrene moiety were synthesized by combining two monocarborane anion scaffolds and two counter cations. The effects of the cage structure and the counter cation on the optical properties were investigated from UV‒vis absorption and photoluminescence (PL) measurements. The PL spectra in the solid state were unique for each compound, derived from the different shapes of the carborane cage and counter cation. These results suggest great potential for designing a monocarborane anion-based chromophore.

An innovative Schiff-base colorimetric chemosensor for the selective detection of Cu2+ ions and its applications.

A novel Schiff base moiety, (E)-4-(1-hydrazonoethyl)benzene-1,3-diol (2), and 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde were condensed in a 1 : 1 molar ratio to generate 4-((E)-1-(((Z)-2,4dihydroxybenzylidene)hydrazono)ethyl)benzene-1,3-diol (L), which was then characterized using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), 1H-NMR, 13C NMR, and single-crystal XRD techniques. UV-vis absorbance measurements were used to determine whether the Schiff base could detect the cupric ions more effectively than the other transition metal ions. When Cu2+ ions were involved, a new band was observed at 462 nm. From the Job plot, the binding stoichiometry for the anticipated L : Cu2+ partnership is determined to be 1 : 1. For the purpose of validating structural correlations and absorption data, DFT simulations were performed. Further, docking studies for L indicated high binding affinity for human hemoglobin, providing vital information about the ligand's favorable binding locations inside hemoglobin binding sites and the consequent interactions with HHb. The binding coefficient and limit of detection were found to be 3.02 × 104 M-1 and 42.09 nM, respectively. Reversibility of the complex was seen upon the addition of EDTA to the L-Cu2+ solution, and a colorimetric variation simulating the "INHIBIT" molecular logic gate was seen upon the addition of Cu2+ and EDTA to L. Furthermore, the chemosensor's potential application in the detection of Cu2+ in the solid state by chemosensor L also confirms its usefulness in real-world applications emphasizing its versatility and practical utility.

Pressure-induced structural evolution to a nearly perfect kagome lattice in β-Mn2(OH)3Cl nanosheets

The frustrated magnets exhibiting kagome geometries and the investigation of their structure-property relationships have garnered substantial attention as potential candidates for quantum spin liquid (QSL). In this study, β-Mn2(OH)3Cl nanosheets with distorted kagome geometries were synthesized via a solid-state reaction, and low-temperature magnetic measurements revealed a spin-glass-like magnetic phase transition around 40 K in the frustrated β-Mn2(OH)3Cl. A pressure-induced structural phase transition was further realized by employing in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction, leading to a hexagonal crystal structure with a nearly perfect kagome lattice of magnetic Mn2+ ions. High-pressure Raman and UV–vis absorption measurements indicates that the topological evolution can be attributed to the synergistic effects of pressure driven internal hydrogen bonds and the intrinsic Jahn-Teller effects. This study provides a strategy for synthesizing candidate compounds of QSL and sheds light on the mechanism underlying the topological evolution of kagome lattices under high pressure.

The semiconductive antimony and bismuth halide organic-inorganic perovskite compounds with the reversible phase transition

Metal halide organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite is a kind of rapid development of semiconductors but its major development has been concentrated in lead-based perovskites. Here we report two zero-dimensional non-lead halide perovskites [3-FPEA]3(SbCl4)Cl2 (1) and [3-FPEA]4(BiI6)I (2) (3-FPEA = 3-fluorophenethylamine) with the reversible phase transitions. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and UV-vis absorption measurements of 1 and 2 revealed that the phase transition temperatures are 350 K (1) and 335 K (2), the bandgaps are 3.53 eV (1) and 2.14 eV (2), respectively. The room temperature X-ray single crystal diffraction showed the cation [3-FPEA]+ in 1 and 2 proceeds a twofold disorder, and the anions in 1 are a dimer [Sb2Cl10] constructed with [SbCl6] octahedra by sharing the Cl···Cl edge, and the anions in 2 are the discrete [BiI6] octahedron. This study can provide an effective molecular design strategy for exploring and investigating non-lead-based halide perovskite semiconductive phase change materials.

Investigating the molecular crystals of L-Alanine, DL-Alanine, β-Alanine, and Alanine hydrogen chloride: Experimental and DFT analysis of structural and optoelectronic properties

In this study, DFT calculations were employed to assess and contrast the structural, electronic, and optical characteristics of five alanine crystal forms. The Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) generalized gradient approximation (GGA) with the Tkatchenko-Scheffler dispersion correction scheme was employed and compared to the PBE functional and the local density approximation (LDA) without dispersion correction. Experimentally, alanine crystal powders were characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV–VIS absorption spectrum. Additionally, UV–VIS absorption measurements were performed on L-α-alanine, DL-alanine, β-alanine, and alanine hydrochloride solvated in water. Significant deviations (>10%) were observed between the experimental crystal lattice parameters and those predicted by the GGA and LDA methods. Incorporating dispersion correction into the GGA functional improved prediction accuracy. Additionally, time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) computations using the polarizable continuum model were conducted to analyze the UV/VIS absorption spectrum of α-, β-, DL-, and hydrogen chloride alanine in water and interpret experimental data. Different alanine crystals exhibited substantial anisotropic electronic and optical properties, including effective masses, absorption, and dielectric function. The L-α-HCl structure displayed the smallest band gap (4.67 eV), suggesting its suitability for applications such as L-α/L-α-HCl/L-α quantum well structures. The main effective masses of electrons and holes were also determined for each crystal for a better understanding of their electronic transport properties.

Aplicabilidad de las determinaciones de absorción en el UV-visible para la caracterización de las sustancias húmicas en ambientes acuáticos

The applicability of UV-visible absorption measurements was analyzed as a rapid and easy way for the determination and characterization of humic substances in aquatic environments taking into account their ecological meaning. Samples for these studies were taken from Río Samborombón, Arroyo Vitel and Laguna de Chascomús (Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina). In spite of the different absorption of humic and fulvic acids at the wavelengths employed, the method proved to be useful to account for the relative proportion of them, to make comparisons betwcen different ecosystems and to give the possibility of using it to follow the dinamycs of these substances in a given water body. In an attempt to use absorbance determinations as a measure of soluble organic matter content, correlation between Chemical oxygen demand and absorbance at 250 nm and at 365 nm was analyzed. Good results were obtained for Río Samborombón at both wavelengths, while in the other cases correlation was more significative at 365 nm.

Bio-inspired benign synthesis of Cr doped ZnO nanoparticles towards electrochemical detection of Bovine Serum Albumin

In this study, we aimed to synthesize monodisperse chromium-doped zinc oxide (Cr-ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) through green synthesis for the construction of a highly sensitive electrochemical biosensor for BSA detection. Characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy, UV-Vis absorption, and photoluminescence studies confirmed the structural, chemical, and optical properties of the synthesized NPs. FESEM and EDS analysis revealed a spherical nodular morphology with a cauliflower-shaped structure. Nano-bio interaction studies between Cr-ZnO NPs and BSA were conducted using UV-Vis absorption and PL measurements, indicating fluorescence quenching due to complex formation. The synthesized NPs were utilized as electrode material for an electrochemical sensor, demonstrating sensitivity and selectivity in detecting BSA concentrations within the range of 1.5 nM to 48 nM. The sensor's response was linear, showing a decrease in anodic peak current response from 5.08 µA to 3.48 µA for different BSA concentrations. Remarkably, the optical interaction results mirrored the electrochemical findings, emphasizing the consistency between the two methods. The linear response of the electrochemical sensor, coupled with its optical interactions, suggests the versatility and reliability of the synthesized NPs for biosensing applications. With a simple setup requiring minimal samples, the electrochemical sensor offers an inexpensive, rapid, and sensitive screening method for BSA. These findings underscore the potential of the synthesized NPs as a promising electrochemical surface for biosensors, with implications for diagnostic and therapeutic applications, particularly in the context of cattle-related research.

Effect of the synthesis route on luminescence dynamics and thermographic properties of Sm3+ doped Ba2Mg(PO4)2 phosphor

The present study investigates the impact of synthesis routes on the structure, optical, and thermographic properties of Ba2Mg(PO4)2:xSm3+ (x = 2 mol.%) phosphor. The two techniques used for the synthesis were combustion synthesis (CS) and solid-state reaction synthesis (SSR). X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed a pure monoclinic phase with space group P21/n in both SSR and CS synthesized samples. The average crystallite size was 41 ± 0.19 nm for SSR and 21 ± 0.02 nm for CS phosphors. Using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, the vibrational behavior of both synthesized phosphor samples was analyzed. Both samples displayed a bright orange-red photoluminescence (PL) emission, attributed to the 4G5/2→6H7/2 transition when excited with 403 nm light at room temperature. However, the intensity of PL emission was higher in the CS-prepared sample. The UV-Vis absorption measurements indicated several bands in both samples. The CIE coordinates were calculated for both samples and they corresponded to the shade of orange-red emission of the Sm3+ ions. The study also included an investigation into the temperature-sensing characteristics of the synthesized phosphors, which was performed in the 323–673 K temperature range. The fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) technique was used to study the non-contact temperature sensing for both samples, and the CS-prepared phosphors exhibited the maximum value of absolute sensitivity (0.00629 K−1) and relative sensitivity (0.26 % K−1) at temperature 673 K. Overall, the results indicate that the CS method provides better results in terms of luminescence and temperature sensing characteristics compared to the SSR method.

Structural, magnetic and optical properties of nickel doped iron oxide nanoparticles based on Logas natural sand for environmental application

The iron oxide nanoparticles have been prepared by mechanical milling method using Logas natural sand as a raw material. The products of ball milling were doped with Ni nanoparticles at different doping concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 wt.%). The effect of doping concentration on the structural, magnetic, and optical properties was studied. The structural, magnetic, and optical properties of the prepared samples were studied using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), vibration sample magnetometer (VSM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy, respectively. The X-ray diffraction pattern shows that the ball milling product is hematite (α-Fe2O3) nanoparticles and highly crystalline with a rhombohedral structure. It is very interesting to find that Ni doping nanoparticles cannot change the structure of iron oxide nanoparticles however, the average crystallite size decreases from 39.43 to 32.64 nm with increasing Ni doping concentration from 0 to 4 wt. %, respectively. The crystallite size based on the dominant peak (104) varies as Ni doping concentration increases. The magnetic properties of the samples show the ferromagnetic nature of the prepared nanoparticles. The saturation, remanence magnetization, and coercivity increase with increasing Ni concentration. The optical band gaps calculated through UV-Vis absorption measurements confirm that the decrease in crystallite size is accompanied by a decrease in the band gap value from 2.03 to 1.92 eV as the doping concentration increases from 0 to 4 wt. %.This study demonstrates the simple way of preparing Ni-doped iron oxide nanoparticles for environmental application.

Feasibility analysis of synthesized polyaniline nanocomposites loaded by Co-doped ZnO nanorods for aqueous pollutants oxidation

Polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposites (NCs) based on cobalt (Co)-doped ZnO nanorods were fabricated (PANI-NCs) using chemical oxidation polymerization technique. Co-doped ZnO nanorods were synthesized using hydrothermal route. Microstructure characterization and UV–Visible absorption measurement confirm the formation of wurtzite ZnO nanostructured crystals. Introducing effect of Co-doped ZnO nanorods into PANI matrix on microstructural, optical, surface morphology and electrical properties of the investigated NCs were studied. The characterization of the fabricated NCs was examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and four-probe DC electrical conductivity. Also, the photocatalytic activity of the fabricated NCs was examined using UV irradiation for Procion Blue dye wastewater oxidation. The photocatalytic experimental parameters were studied and the results revealed high photocatalytic activity reached to complete dye removal within 60 min of irradiation time (at pH 7.0 and room temperature). Finally, the data fitted with first-order kinetic model.