Utilization Of Mineral Resources Research Articles

A road toward green growth: Optimizing the role of mineral resources, fintech innovation and effective governance in G-20 economies

The concept of green economy is introduced in last few decades where it is viewed as a framework that brings justice in the form of less environmental risks and improved social welfare. Thus, green growth is now considered an effective economic strategy all across the world. On the other hand, industrial revolution also enlightens the role of financial sector which is viewed as a significant suitor of growth-driven society. However, conflicting environmentally-friendly project by financial means shove innumerable concerns that either financial market products/services comfort environment and nature. In addition to this, mineral resource abundance is also considered a positive sign for nation but compromised environment and nature makes it critical. Considering the scenario, the study makes an attempt to explore the association among fintech innovation, mineral resource utilization on green growth in the present of effective governance. The present study uses dataset spanning over a period of several years from 2004 to 2021 and concentrates on a balanced panel of G20 countries. Results obtained by FMOLS and DOLS exposed that natural resource utilization is not helpful in promoting green growth due to negative association. Results also proclaim that fintech is proved to be an effective strategy to promote green growth. Surprisingly, effective governance makes no effect on green growth. Hence, open avenues for researchers to explore the area further with other methods. Study implications enforce the idea that Fintech innovation not only reduces financial costs but also improves related services. Moreover, it also implies that there is a profound need of creating synergy during Fintech service development as it will help in the expansion of green investment and reduction of environmental risks, means, promising green growth.

Novel approach to locate micro-scale mineral regions of interest in real ores

The surface of minerals plays a pivotal role throughout the process of mineral beneficiation and utilization. Studies on surface properties, such as surface chemistries, of mineral phases of interest in real ores enable the selective separation of minerals, thereby enhancing the utilization of mineral resources. Nevertheless, obtaining specific mineral phases, especially for finely disseminated or poorly crystalized minerals, from real ores without altering their surface chemistries remains a challenge. The challenge also persists in investigating the same micro-scale mineral region in real ores using various surface characterization techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). This paper proposes a novel approach and procedures for locating micro-scale mineral regions of interest in real ores based on a three-dimensional coordinate system etched onto the ore surface using laser etching technology. A copper-nickel ore from Jinchuan, China, served as an illustrative example, with the finely disseminated chalcopyrite and pentlandite regions in the real ore sample being located and investigated using SEM and XPS. The approach presented in this study enables the in-situ detection of surface chemistries of specific mineral phase in real ores, ensuring the homogeneity and in-situ nature of the obtained surface chemistry data. This approach holds considerable promise, especially in the investigation of surface chemistries of minerals with fine dissemination and poor crystallization.

Deployment of clean energy technologies towards carbon neutrality under resource constraints

The core of the energy transformation under the carbon-neutral vision is the gradual replacement of high-carbon energy by zero-carbon and low-carbon energy. However, the large-scale deployment of clean energy technology in turn relies on key minerals such as copper, aluminum, zinc, and nickel. Based on this, this paper conducts research on the demand for key minerals in clean energy transition and the role of key minerals in clean energy transition. In particular, this paper calculated the demand for mineral supply for China’s carbon neutrality target, and the impact of some mineral resource constraints on the carbon neutrality path. Relevant results can provide a decision-making basis for the future development and utilization of key mineral resources, as well as the implementation of future carbon-neutral goals.

Viscoelastic Characteristics and Mechanical Performances of Asphalt Mastic and Mixtures with Fly Ash from Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Residues

Viscoelastic Characteristics and Mechanical Performances of Asphalt Mastic and Mixtures with Fly Ash from Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Residues

Comprehensive Study on Mineral Processing Methods and Mineral Technical Economics of Manganese Ore in Chongqing Chengkou.

Chongqing Chengkou manganese deposit is a large carbonate-type manganese deposit in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, located in Gaoyan Town, Chengkou County, Chongqing. In order to improve the recovery rate of low-grade manganese ore and concentrate grade index, achieve efficient utilization of mineral resources, and sustainable development of Gaoyan manganese ore deposit in Chengkou, Chongqing, China, in this paper, by means of optical microscope analysis, high-resolution X-ray tomography technology, three-dimensional image analysis technology, X-ray diffraction analysis, X-ray fluorescence spectrum analysis, and technical and economic analysis, the occurrence state and process mineralogy of manganese are studied, and the technical and economic analysis of flotation, high-intensity magnetic separation, and gravity separation are carried out. It provides a reference for other mining enterprises to choose the most suitable beneficiation method according to the specific mineral species.

Microdistribution and Mode of Rare Earth Element Occurrence in the Zhijin Rare Earth Element-Bearing Phosphate Deposit, Guizhou, China

Rare-earth elements (REEs) are often highly concentrated in sedimentary phosphate deposits, and the microdistribution characteristics and occurrence state of rare earth in these deposits play a crucial role in the overall development and utilization of mineral resources. This study aims to analyze the microdistribution of REEs in REE-bearing phosphate deposits in the Zhijin region of Guizhou at the microstructural level and investigate their occurrence modes. Specifically, rock and mineral identification, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) were utilized to analyze the samples. The correlation between the distribution of REEs and phosphorus was examined. In addition, the microdistribution of REEs in specific mineral phases and the locations of their occurrence were investigated. The analysis revealed that no REEs existed independently in the deposit. Instead, the distribution of REEs was highly consistent and significantly positively correlated with that of phosphorus. In the microarea structure, REEs were predominantly found both in particles, such as bioclasts, sand debris, and agglomerates, and in phosphate cement, where the main mineral components were collophane and apatite. Conversely, the content of REEs in dolomitized sand debris edges, sparry dolomitic cement, and siliceous cement was considerably lower. Based on these findings, it is speculated that REEs primarily occur within the lattice defects of apatite or on the surface of collophanite. There is a notable contrast in the REE content between the unaltered sand debris at the periphery and the dolomitized sand debris, indicating that the dolomitization in the diagenetic stage resulted in a depletion of REE abundance in the ore. Obviously, the dominant gangue mineral, dolomite, does not serve as the primary host for REEs. Furthermore, the highest concentration of REEs was inside organisms. This finding suggests that the high content of REEs in biological soft tissue may remain under the influence of waves and tides, and REE-bearing apatite may be preferentially separated and fill the cavities of deceased organisms. The second highest content of REEs was found in the shells of organisms, indicating that small shelly organisms absorb phosphorus materials through their life activities to construct their shells, resulting in REE enrichment. Quantitative analysis through sequential extraction procedures displayed that most REEs were present in the residual state, with a smaller portion combined with organic matter. These results confirm that REEs in the Zhijin phosphate deposits primarily exist as isomorphic substitutions in the lattice defects of apatite, with a secondary occurrence as organic matter-bound REEs.

IMPORTANCE OF NATURAL RESOURCE ACCOUNTING IN INDIA : A CASE STUDY ON THE MINERAL AND ENERGY RESOURCES

Natural resource accounting is a crucial framework for evaluating the economic and environmental dimensions of a regions resource utilization. This case study delves into the crucial field of natural resource accounting in India, with a specific focus on the management of mineral and energy resources. The study underscores the fundamental axiom that Measurement of a resource leads to its better management. Through data collection, resource valuation, stock and flow analysis, sustainability assessment, and environmental impact evaluation, the paper reveals insights into the sustainable management of these invaluable assets.Indias burgeoning demand for mineral and energy resources, driven by rapid economic growth, necessitates an informed approach to resource management. Natural resource accounting serves as a key tool in this regard. By quantifying these resources, assessing their value, marketing them and considering their economic, environmental, and social impacts, this study advocates for a more informed decision-making process.The study emphasizes how the data and analysis derived from natural resource accounting facilitate the formulation of effective policies. These policies encompass resource extraction quotas, taxation, conservation measures, and environmental regulations, all of which are vital in ensuring responsible resource management.Furthermore, the study acknowledges the significant environmental repercussions of mineral and energy resource extraction. It underscores the importance of accounting for environmental costs and damages, thereby advancing policies aimed at responsible resource management and environmental conservation.A critical aspect addressed in this case study is the assessment of resource sustainability. Understanding whether resources are being extracted at a rate that is sustainable in the long term is paramount. It also underscores the need for policies that promote sustainable resource management and conservation.Transparency and public awareness are another focal point of the study. The availability of information regarding the status and utilization of mineral and energy resources can lead to more responsible resource management practices and enhanced accountability among stakeholders.Finally, this study emphasizes the economic planning and revenue generation potential of natural resource accounting. By grasping the value and availability of mineral and energy resources, governments can allocate resources for development projects, infrastructure, and social welfare programs more effectively.In conclusion, natural resource accounting is a vital tool for sustainable resource management in India. By quantifying and assessing these resources while considering their economic, environmental, and social implications, the government and stakeholders can make more informed decisions and work towards responsible resource management. The study highlights the potential for responsible management of mineral and energy resources in India, benefiting both the present and future generations while safeguarding its natural heritage.

Experimental investigation of the CaO-Al2O3-TiO2 system: Isothermal section of 1500 °C and liquidus projection

The CaO-Al2O3-TiO2 phase diagram is of great guiding significance for the comprehensive utilization of Ti-bearing mineral resources and the design of metallurgical slag for Al-Ti alloy steel. In this paper, the high-temperature phase equilibrium experimental method was adopted; the types and compositions of phases were identified by Electron Probe Micro Analysis (EPMA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). A total of 12 equilibrium phases were determined, including CaO, Al2O3, TiO2, 3CaO2TiO2, 4CaO3TiO2, CaOTiO2, Al2O3TiO2, 3CaOAl2O3, CaOAl2O3, CaO2Al2O3, CaO6Al2O3, and Liquid; they formed a total of 16 phase equilibrium relations. The isothermal section of CaO-Al2O3-TiO2 system at 1500 °C in atmosphere was constructed for the first time. There are 10 three-phase fields (Liquid+CaO+3CaO2TiO2, Liquid+3CaO2TiO2+4CaO3TiO2, CaOTiO2+CaOAl2O3+CaO2Al2O3, CaO2Al2O3+CaOTiO2+CaO6Al2O3, Liquid+CaOTiO2+ CaO6Al2O3, Liquid+CaO6Al2O3+Al2O3, Liquid+Al2O3+Al2O3TiO2, Liquid+TiO2+Al2O3TiO2, Liquid+CaOAl2O3+4CaO3TiO2, 4CaO3TiO2(ss)+CaOTiO2(ss)+CaOAl2O3), 13 two-phase fields (Liquid+CaO, CaO+3CaO2TiO2, Liquid+3CaO2TiO2, Liquid+4CaO3TiO2, Liquid+TiO2, Liquid+CaOTiO2, Liquid+Al2O3TiO2, Liquid+Al2O3, Liquid+CaO6Al2O3, Liquid+CaOAl2O3, CaOTiO2(ss)+CaO2Al2O3, 4CaO3TiO2(ss)+CaOTiO2(ss), 4CaO3TiO2(ss)+3CaO2TiO2(ss)), 2 single-phase solid solution fields (4CaO3TiO2(ss), 3CaO2TiO2(ss)), and 2 disconnected single liquid phase fields. On this basis, the liquidus projection of the CaO-Al2O3-TiO2 system was revised. The types of relevant invariant reactions were identified by the Lever Rule; the types of relevant univariant reactions were determined by the original method proposed in this paper.

Effects of Mg(II) doping amount on the hydration characteristics of kaolinite surface: Molecular dynamics simulations and experiments

To explore the microscopic effects of Mg(II) doping amount on the hydration characteristics of kaolinite surface, the Mg(II) ions and kaolinite were used as the subjects of research in molecular dynamics simulations and experimental verification to investigate the microscopic effects of the lattice magnesium impurity on the surface hydration of kaolinite. The results indicate that the interaction between H2O and Mg(II)-doped kaolinite (Mg(II)-Kao) surfaces, along with hydrogen bonding at the interface, gradually increase with increasing Mg(II) doping amounts, implying that Mg(II) doping significantly enhance the surface hydration of kaolinite. The hydration of the Mg(II)-doped kaolinite (001) surface (Mg(II)-Kao(001)) is stronger than that of the Mg(II)-doped kaolinite (001¯) surface (Mg(II)-Kao(001¯)) with the same Mg(II) doping amount. As the quantity of Mg(II) doping increased, the contact angle and humidity of the kaolinite surface decrease and progressively increase, respectively, signifying that the hydration level of the kaolinite surface increase. Overall, the main influence of Mg(II) doping on the surface hydration properties of kaolinite is the enhancement of hydration activity and ionic hydration. The results can provide theoretical support for further study of the real clay surface hydration mechanism, efficient treatment of clay-containing mineral processing wastewater and resource utilization of coal measure clay.

Representative coal gangue in China: Physical and chemical properties, heavy metal coupling mechanism and risk assessment

Based on the source and distribution of coal gangue (CG) in China, this study introduces the current situation of CG storage in China and the problems existing in the process of CG utilization. For the benefit of solve the difficulty of CG utilization and the risk control of heavy metals (HMs), representative CG samples were selected, and the chemical composition of CG was analyzed according to the microscopic test results. The main reasons for the difficulty of mineral composition and resource utilization were revealed, and the specific environmental protection utilization regulation model of CG samples was constructed, the carbon emission value of CG products was studied by life cycle method, and the broad prospects of CG products under the background of the times were revealed. The heavy metal leaching amount of CG samples in representative areas was detected. Three kinds of HM soil safety evaluation methods and human health risk assessment (HHRS) methods were used to evaluate soil environmental safety, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic human health risks. The results showed that the characteristic HMs in CG were As, Pb and Cr. The valence states of As, Pb and Cr in CG were As3+, As5+, Pb2+, Pb4+, Cr3+ and Cr6+, respectively. The valence states of As, Pb and Cr in CG were mainly carbonate-bound state and metal oxide-bound state, which exist in the layered silicate minerals of a triclinic system dominated by kaolinite. Considering that the HMs in CG are finally ingested into the human body through the soil, while constructing a complete HM environmental safety control system, based on the relevant environmental quality standards and the HHRS of HMs, the risk control system and control limits of characteristic HMs in CG resource utilization were established, in order to provide theoretical guidance for the high-value environmental protection utilization of CG.

Long-term effectiveness of lead precipitation as carbonate and its stability under acidic conditions by using activated serpentine mineral

Utilization of readily accessible serpentine mineral, for lead removal from wastewater is a sustainable strategy, but the adsorption capacity of the raw serpentine is limited due to its small interlayer spacing and low surface reactivity, not to say the cases under acidic conditions. In this study, natural serpentine was simply ball-milled to obtain enhanced reactivity and dissolution due to the generation of various lattice defects, which allowed the highly efficient lead fixation even under acidic conditions (at initial pH of 3), compared to that driven by the surface adsorption. Characterizations demonstrated the continuous dissolution of serpentine in solution with the reaction time prolonged, inducing the heterogeneous precipitation of significant (basic) lead carbonate on serpentine surface with an aid of even very dilute atmospheric CO2, which worked as the dominated mechanism for enhancing the whole lead fixation efficiency. Results showed that more than 99.5 % of soluble lead could be immobilized within 1 ∼ 2 h with serpentine dosage of 0.5 g/L under low concentration (5 ∼ 100 mg/L), with a high lead fixation capacity about 1782.9 mg/g after 48 h under high concentration (1000 mg/L). Moreover, the stability of the Pb-bearing sediment under acidic exposure (pH 3) for 24 h was confirmed, and the dissolved lead from chloride and sulfate salts could also be immobilized using the as-proposed strategy. Altogether, these findings demonstrated the high efficiency and long-term effectiveness of lead fixation on the ball-milled serpentine, which makes it a promising candidate for application to green remediation of heavy metal contaminations in various sites along with the utilization of waste mineral resources.

Legitimate Interest of Coastal States in Seabed Mining: Indonesia’s Practice

This paper focuses on the utilization of sea mineral resources in areas within national jurisdiction and in the international seabed area (hereafter known as the Area). It discusses Indonesian laws relevant to seabed mining and the need for such laws to take into consideration the maritime zones and activities in the Area, as stipulated by UNCLOS 1982. This paper begins with the identification of potential sea minerals both within national jurisdiction and in the Area. Next, it analyzes the international legal framework on seabed mining, including a discussion on the meaning of "legitimate interests of coastal States" and on the participation of developing states in the Area, as stipulated in Article 142 and 148 of UNCLOS 1982. Then, the national legal framework relating to seabed mining is discussed. Using the juridical-normative method, this paper finds that Indonesia does not currently have comprehensive national regulations covering seabed mining within its jurisdiction and in the Area. Although there is a presidential decree on the exploitation of sea sand, it is limited to institutional arrangements and only focuses on sea sand. Thus, this paper recommends the formulation of national regulations regarding the use of the seabed, both within and beyond national jurisdiction.

Evaluation of green mine construction level in Tibet based on entropy method and TOPSIS

Green mine construction is a systematic project involving the whole life cycle of mineral resources exploitation and utilization, representing the overall level of development potential. As an important strategic mineral resources reserve base in China, Tibet is rich in mineral resources. In order to calculate the level of green mine construction in Tibet, we obtained different data sources such as statistical yearbooks and mine construction information through field research and discussion. We establish the EMUCIMH evaluation system, select a total of 20 indexes from seven aspects(ecological mining environment, scientific mining method, efficient resource utilization, standardization of energy conservation and emission reduction, intelligent mine construction, standardization of enterprise management and harmonization of mining community),using the Entropy Weight TOPSIS Method to study the problems existing in the process of green mine construction, expecting to provide some references for government departments to make management decisions and for mining enterprises to improve green mine construction. The results show that among the 11 national green mines in Tibet, the construction status is uneven, and there are large differences in the mining methods, the comprehensive utilization of resources, and the ecological environment of mining areas. In contrast, The difference of standardization of enterprise management, intelligent mine construction and the harmonization of mining community is small. Among the specific indicators, in terms of exhaust emissions, mining community harmony and corporate culture are doing well, while they are relatively poor in terms of environmental management and monitoring, technological innovation, and intelligent mine, which need to be improved. Large and medium-sized mines, especially metal mines, the overall level of green mine construction is high, followed by small and medium-sized metal mines and individual Non-metal large mines, and mines with more historical problems faced more difficulties and challenges.

Microwave-assisted in-situ growth of Zr-MOP-NH2 on the LDH surface for enhancing CO2 capacity

Metal-organic polyhedra (MOP) have received considerable attention owing to their high porosity, customizable functionality, controlled porous structure, and good chemical stability. They have promising applications in capturing carbon generated from fossil fuel combustion. However, the skeleton structure of MOP is prone to collapse at high temperatures. During the activation process, it is simple to agglomerate and block the pores, which significantly weakens their capacity and selectivity in CO2 adsorption. In this work, an effective strategy was developed to overcome these obstacles by uniformly dispersing MOP on the surface of layered double hydroxide nanosheets (LDHNS). The synergistic effect of microwave is utilized to obtain LDHNS/Zr-MOP-NH2 composites with uniform size and particle dispersion within 10 min. This method enhances experimental efficiency and radically reduces reaction time. Overall, LDHNS/Zr-MOP-NH2 shows notably better CO2 capacity, selectivity, and cycle ability, and also exhibits improved thermal stability than the original Zr-MOP-NH2. As far as we know, this is the first report on the use of MOP in combination with LDH for CO2 storage, which will bring new insights into the field. It is important to note that this method can be employed for other porous materials, enabling not only the reduction of carbon emissions, but also the rational utilization of mineral resources.

Initial research results on the possibility of using metacarbonate formations in Tan Lap - Cho Don - Bac Kan province as decorative stone

Based on the study of the characteristics of materials, structure, textures and physical properties of metacarbonate rocks at Tan Lap area, Cho Don district, Bac Kan province, it is possible to provide the initial possibility of using these rocks as decoration stones. Methods applied in the study include field investigations and sampling; sample analysis for thin-section microscopes, for the chemistry of sicilate and physical properties. The results indicate that metacarbonate rocks consist mainly of marbles which are allocated within the 3rd unit of the upper part of Mia Le formation (D1ml2). The rocks are thick layered structure, granoblastic texture, fine- to medium-grained marbles. Cao is the predominate chemical composition while heavy metals and radioactive elements are of very low contents. The rocks are pure white, exhibiting high color fastness and gloss. The outcomes of this study could serve as a scientific basis for guiding in exploration, exploitation, and utilization of mineral resources (marble) in the Tan Lap area particularly as well as in Vietnam's territory.

Research on the Influence of Backfilling Mining in an Iron Mine with Complex Mining Conditions on the Stability of Surface Buildings

The safe and efficient extraction of ore bodies under buildings contributes to the continued exploitation and utilization of mineral resources. To effectively reduce the mining-induced disturbance caused to surface buildings, the Vertical Crater Retreat (VCR) delayed backfilling method was applied at the Wuji iron mine according to mining theory and engineering experience, and the surface deformation under buildings was investigated through numerical simulation and on-site monitoring. The results show that stress concentration occurs at the top of the ore body and in surrounding rocks between ore veins, and the direction of the principal stress coincides with that of the main bearing capacity of the rock mass. With the increasing distance between the surrounding rock and the ore body, the stress disturbance in the surrounding rock attenuates gradually. The surface subsidence and deformation caused by ore mining exhibits the same northwest trend as the strike of the ore body, and the surface deformation in the X direction is greater than that in the Y direction. The surface deformation of the mining area near the 1# air shaft, Wuji village, steam autoclave workshop of the brick factory, and 1# substation is relatively large, while the surface subsidence, horizontal deformation, inclination, and curvature are all smaller than the critical values allowed for buildings and structures. This research provides a theoretical basis and engineering guidance for the prevention and control of surface deformation during mining under buildings and structures.

Thermo-hydro-mechanical modelling of geothermal energy extraction in deep mines in spatially heterogeneous settings

With the increasing demand for mineral and alternative energy resources, as well as the gradual depletion of shallow resources, the exploitation and utilization of mineral resources and geothermal energy in deep strata is an effective way to solve the problem of resource shortage [1]. In recent years, as a new type of resource mining mode, the co-mining of deep mineral and geothermal energy has developed rapidly [2, 3]. This method can make use of the original equipment of the mine for geothermal exploitation. However, the deep co-mining system faces two significant challenges: the first is the significant uncertainty inherent in subsurface properties, while the second is the high levels of geostress and temperature associated with deep mining. These challenges are adding some constraints on the practicality of exploiting such systems and limit the feasibility of deep resource co-mining, so that modelling efforts are needed for actual risk assessment.
 Consequently, we developed a Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical (THM) coupling framework for geothermal energy exploitation in deep mines using COMSOL to quantitatively characterize the temperature field of the geothermal system and predict the stress field of the mining system, considering the joint effects of large uncertainties and THM coupling. Through SGeMS, the uncertainty and spatial heterogeneity distribution of porosity are first generated. Then, the uncertainty of the hydraulic parameter [4] (permeability), mechanical parameter [5] (elastic modulus), and thermal parameter [6] (heat capacity and heat conductivity) was derived from the porosity. 500 samples were generated within a given uncertainty range, by means of Monte Carlo simulations. The spatial and temporal distributions of the temperature field of the geothermal system, and the stress field of the mining system were simulated, for each sample with COMSOL. Using the distance-based global sensitivity analysis [6], the most sensitive parameters for deep mining are identified, the heat storage capacity of the system and evolution of the maximum stress ratio are evaluated, including uncertainty.

Assessment of impacts of land and electricity prices on mineral efficiency

This research delves into the complex interplay between land and electricity prices and sustainable mineral resource development across ten Asian countries characterized by significant pollution levels. Leveraging the CUP-FM (continuously updated full modified) technique from 1995 to 2020, the study uncovers crucial insights. Notably, heightened electricity prices demonstrate a direct association with an elevated ratio of mineral consumption to GDP (Gross Domestic Product), underscoring the role of pricing in optimizing mineral resource utilization. Additionally, a positive correlation between the poverty ratio and mineral consumption underscores that regions grappling with higher poverty levels tend to rely more on mineral consumption for their economic activities. Conversely, a negative link exists between the Consumer Price Index and mineral consumption, indicating how inflation impacts prudent resource consumption. Furthermore, the research reveals a compelling connection wherein increased patent applications coincide with reduced mineral consumption-to-GDP ratios, underscoring the role of innovation. Lastly, population growth exhibits a positive influence on the mineral consumption-to-GDP ratio. To enhance mineral efficiency, practical policy recommendations encompass fostering renewable energy, strategically importing green utilities, supporting green patents, and embracing digital transformation.

Application Prospect of Anaerobic Reduction Pathways in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans for Mine Tailings Disposal: A Review

The accumulation of mine tailings on Earth, generated from the extraction, processing, and utilization of mineral resources, is a serious environmental challenge. The importance of the recovery of valuable elements and rare-earth elements, together with the economic benefits of precious and base metals, is a strong incentive to develop sustainable methods to recover metals from tailings. Currently, researchers are attempting to improve the efficiency of valuable elements and rare-earth elements recovery from tailings using bioleaching, a more sustainable method compared to traditional methods. In this work, we report the research status of the application of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (At. ferrooxidans) anaerobic reduction in tailings disposal. Recent advances in the anaerobic characteristics of At. ferrooxidans recovery process and technical difficulties are further described. We found that current research has made significant progress in anaerobic recovery. This is of great significance for the development of bioleaching technologies and industrial production of heavy metals in tailings. Finally, based on the perspectives and directions of this review, the present study can act as an important reference for the academic participants involved in this promising field.

Balancing resources and sustainability: Analyzing the impact of mineral resources utilization on green growth

This study investigates the impact of mineral resource utilization on green growth in selected Central Asian economies using autoregressive distributed lag analysis on data from 1995 to 2021. Our findings reveal that increased mineral resource extraction has a detrimental effect on the region's green growth index in both the short and long term due to adverse environmental consequences. Conversely, a 1% increase in hydropower production leads to a 0.10% and 0.19% improvement in the green growth index in the short and long term, respectively. However, higher carbon dioxide emissions weaken green economic growth due to environmental harm and increased healthcare costs. Urbanization also negatively impacts the green growth index in the long term, decreasing it by 0.06%. Policy recommendations include diversifying mineral resource exports, promoting green financing for sustainable resource projects, and expanding sustainable power generation to steer Central Asia toward a more environmentally sustainable economic path.