Utilization Of Livestock Waste Research Articles

Utilization of Livestock Waste (Cow Manure) and Household Waste (Waste Cooking Oil) as Briquettes to Substitute Alternative Fuels

As the global population continues to grow, there is a corresponding increase in energy consumption annually. The need for alternative energy sources is evident in light of the finite reserves of oil. Briquettes are a renewable energy option that can help decrease reliance on oil. Briquettes can be produced through the utilization of organic waste materials. This research was carried out from 19 September to 18 October 2023, at the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Palangka Raya, and the Analytical Laboratory, Muhammadiyah University, Palangka Raya. The aim of this research is to determine the quality of briquettes made using cow dung charcoal and cooking oil as an adhesive. The parameters of this research are water content, ash content, burn rate, and colorific value. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) model with 4 treatments and each treatment was repeated 5 times so that there were 20 experimental units. The composition of the briquettes consists of (P1) = 90% cow dung and 10% used cooking oil, (P2): 87.5% cow dung and 12.5% ​​used cooking oil, (P3): 85% cow dung and 15% used cooking oil and (P4): 82.5% cow dung and 17.5% ​​used cooking oil. The results of variance analysis showed that the parameters of water content, ash content, burn rate, and colorific value did not show a significant influence between treatments (P>0.05) although there was a trend that P1 and P3 were better than the other treatments. It was concluded that the best quality of briquettes in terms of water content and ash content was in the P1 treatment (Briquettes with a composition of 90% cow dung and 10% used cooking oil), whereas if viewed from the burning rate and calorific value of the best briquettes, it was the P3 treatment (Briquettes with a composition of 85 % cow dung and 15% used cooking oil).

Motivasi Petani dalam Pemanfaatan Limbah Ternak sebagai Pupuk Organik di Kabupaten Karanganyar

Indonesia is primarily an agricultural country with a wealth of natural resources, making agriculture one of the most significant foundations of the nation's economy. One initiative in agricultural growth is organic farming. Organic farming requires that chemical compounds not pollute the land used and have good accessibility. One of the efforts to prevent agricultural and environmental pollution is to use organic fertilizers. Organic fertilizers are obtained from the utilization of livestock waste. Farmers still do not fully use organic fertilizers in their farming. So, motivation is needed to encourage farmers to utilize livestock waste as organic fertilizer. This study aimed to investigate the elements that affect farmer motivation, the extent to which farmers are motivated to use animal waste, and the variables that affect farmers' motivation to use livestock waste as organic fertilizer. The sample data collection technique was purposive. As many as 77 farmer respondents used livestock waste. Multiple linear regression analysis is employed in this study's quantitative descriptive methodology to examine the elements that influence farmers' decisions to use animal manure. The study's findings indicate that while non-formal education falls into the high category, internal criteria like age, experience, and formal education fall into the moderate category. External elements are categorized in the high category and consist of capital accessibility, infrastructure accessibility, and counseling intensity. Farmers' motivation to use animal manure is another indicator of their high level of motivation. Age, formal education, and non-formal education are internal factors that have no impact on farmers' inclination to use animal waste; nevertheless, farming experience has an impact. Farmers' willingness to use livestock waste is influenced by external factors such as the accessibility of capital, the quality of infrastructure, and the level of counseling.

Processing Agricultural Waste as complete feed at DZN Farm

DZN Farm is a sheep farming group located in the village of Senden RT 10/04, Ngawen, Klaten which has potential in the agricultural sector, especially in the livestock sector. There are 10 breeders with a total of 150 sheep, which have been kept since 2020. One of the potential commodities of Senden village is sheep which are kept as additional income. The DZN Farm livestock group was formed with the aim of ensuring that sheep farmers who are members of the livestock group are able to collaborate with each other, and become a dynamic and growing group. Priority problems faced by partners include: 1) Production aspects including: Quality and availability of feed, namely the decreasing availability of natural animal feed in nature and lack of knowledge of utilizing agricultural waste, Utilization of livestock waste, namely the livestock waste produced has not been utilized optimally; 2) Management and Marketing Aspects, namely Marketing is still semi-conventional, livestock marketing is done by word of mouth between communities and via social media Facebook. The solution for implementing the PKM program is 1) increasing the economic income of livestock groups through engineering complete feed and adding value to livestock waste which is processed into fertilizer. 2) entrepreneurship development which can be achieved through digital-based marketing planning via websites, social media and marketplaces. Meanwhile, the PKM Program's output target is to create an environmentally friendly livestock model to improve the economy.

Diversification of Livelihood from Animal Waste and by-Product for Small and Marginal Farmers in India

Background: Utilization of livestock waste and by products are always considered to be an important source of livelihood for environment protection and agricultural development. The study explores the prospective scope of livestock waste utilization by dwelling into the livestock holdings and their health profile, waste management and bio-security practices for sustainable livelihoods of small and marginal livestock farmers of tribal belts. Methods: With an empirical survey, an analysis is made on the waste management practices in selective states of North East India (Assam, Meghalaya and Nagaland). The percentage and average method were applied to understand the management practices of pig production system. In the qualitative tools mainly Focused Group Discussion (FGD) and Interview methods were used to understand the perception of people on waste management. Result: It is found that the untreated waste is utilized in field and only 2% of farmers use the manure in pisciculture where waste is used in its integrated form. A comprehensive model of treating and marketing the livestock waste and by products with the application of modern technology can not only contribute in augmenting the income but will also help in quality restoration of natural resources in rural areas.

Utilization of Livestock Waste as Biochar and Poschar to Increase Soil Organic Matter and Red Chili Yields


 
 
 
 This study examines the impact of biochar and poschar fertilisers derived from livestock manure on red chilli yields and soil organic matter variations. The results demonstrated that the interaction between biochar and poschar substantially affected the fresh chilli pod weight per plant and organic matter content. Applying biochar and poschar organic fertilisers derived from animal manure substantially influenced plant height, fresh fruit weight per plant, and soil organic matter. The interaction between cow manure and poschar from poultry manure produced the highest yield of chilli fruit weight per plant, or an increase of 323.88% compared to the absence of biochar and poschar. The organic matter content of the soil underwent a significant change, with the highest organic matter content resulting from the interaction between chicken biochar and chicken poschar, which increased by 143,00% compared to the control group.
 
 
 
 

A System Dynamics Model for Developing an Agropolitan Area based on Laying Hens in Lima Puluh Kota Regency

The development of an agropolitan area based on laying hens in Lima Puluh Kota Regency faces many problems. One method that can be used to solve these complex problems is the systems approach. This study aimed to build a model for developing a sustainable agropolitan area based on integrated laying hens farming. The results of the system performance indicated that the current system is in a fairly sustainable position. The dynamics of time will make changes in system performance in the future. There are six factors that influence the interdependent system, namely carrying capacity, egg prices, farmer income, employment, infrastructure, and utilization of livestock waste. Based on the state of each factor, three scenarios were formulated for the development of a sustainable laying hens farming system in Lima Puluh Kota Regency: (1) conservative-pessimistic scenario, (2) moderate-optimistic scenario, and (3) progressive-optimistic scenario.

Farmers' Perception and Adoption Level of Beef Cultivation Technology (Case of Livestock Farmer Group in Bunga Mas District, South Bengkulu Regency)

The adoption of beef cattle cultivation technology will be determined by the farmer's perception of the technology. This study aims to determine the perception and level of adoption of beef cattle farming technology in Bunga Mas District, South Bengkulu Regency. The research was carried out from August to September 2021. Data collection through FGDs involved 19 participants consisting of 9 farmers from two farmer groups, 7 agricultural extension workers from BPP Bunga Mas, and 3 BPTP Bengkulu researchers. The data collected includes farmer's perception and adoption of the technology components of beef cattle cultivation, namely beef cattle mating technology with artificial insemination (AI), vaccination and administration of vitamins and medicines, provision of superior grass, giving concentrate, and utilization of livestock waste as organic fertilizer. The assessment of perception and adoption is assessed based on 4 categories. Perception and adoption are categorized as less good if they are at level 1-2, while the good category is on a scale of 3-4. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the perception of farmers in Bunga Mas District, South Bengkulu Regency on the components of beef cattle cultivation technology was included in the good category. Meanwhile, the level of farmer adoption of the technology component varies. The level of farmer adoption of the technology component of beef cattle cultivation has never been higher than the farmer's perception. Based on the conclusions obtained from the results of this study, it is suggested that it is necessary to encourage increased adoption of breeders for the application of technology, especially AI technology and the use of superior grass.

Resource Utilization of Biogas Waste as Fertilizer in China Needs More Inspections Due to the Risk of Heavy Metals

The utilization of livestock waste has attracted increasing attention in recent years. The presence of high levels of heavy metals is a major obstacle to the utilization of biogas as a fertilizer resource. In this study, the heavy metal contents in biogas residue, slurry, and discharged sewage from three representative farms of gooseries, henneries, and dairy farms in the Yangtze River Basin were investigated and assessed. The results demonstrated that heavy metals, including Cd, Mn, As, Cu, Pb, Cr, Zn, etc., could be detected in all biogas residues, with significantly different contents between farm types (p < 0.005). Specifically, biogas residues from the goosery and the dairy farms met “China’s Organic Fertilizer Standards” (COF Standards); however, Cd concentrations in biogas residues from hennery farms exceeded the limits by five times. The concentrations of Cd and Pb in biogas slurries from all of the farms exceeded the limits of the “China Farmland Irrigation Water Quality Standard” (CFIWQ Standard). In particular, the Pb concentrations in biogas slurry from the dairy farms exceeded the limits by 29 times, and the discharged sewage from all three farm types complied with the comprehensive sewage discharge standards in China; however, only that from the goosery farms was suitable for irrigation. Thus, it is recommended to increase the feed selection, biogas engineering, and biological-purification-supporting technology, and to carry out regular sampling inspections of the biogas residue, slurry, and discharged sewage for heavy metals, so that environmental and crop pollution risks can be reduced when they are used as sources of nutrients for eco-friendly agriculture.

Економічна та біоенергетична ефективність використання дигестату біогазових станцій при вирощуванні сільськогосподарських та овочевих культур в умовах євроінтеграції України

The purpose of the article is to determine the economic and bioenergy efficiency of bioorganic fertilizer based on digestate, taking into account the cost of basic nutrient elements. The article presents calculations of economic indicators of the examined elements of the technology of growing corn for grain and vegetable crops in Ukraine, which indicate that the cultivation of these crops is economically beneficial in all versions. The study found that increasing the economic efficiency of corn production for grain and vegetable crops when applying different norms of fertilizer application is achieved due to the more significant positive impact of yield growth compared to additional costs associated with the use of these agritechnical means, while additional costs caused by the use of fertilizers pay off many times. It is proved that the use of mineral fertilizers and their combination with high norms of bioorganic fertilizer (digestate) for corn and vegetable crops contributes to an increase in yield, and the energy efficiency of this fertilizer is quite high, which indicates the energy saving concerning the studied technology of growing crops. It is advisable to apply such fertilizer norms at which it is possible to obtain the greatest energy output at optimal costs, ensuring compliance with the priority policy of energy saving in agricultural production. The theoretical and practical provisions on the ecological problem (utilization of livestock waste, in particular in the case of pig farms), the energy problem (biogas production in a biogas plant) and the agronomic problem (obtaining organic fertilizer) have been further developed, which ensures an increase in yield and improvement of the quality of agricultural and vegetable crops, that is, makes it possible to obtain high-quality crop and vegetable products during utilization of livestock waste. The proposed approach to the economic assessment of technologies for growing corn for grain and table root crops, depending on the fertilizer application system, makes it conceivable to increase the level of productivity of agricultural and vegetable crops, provided that bioorganic fertilizers are effectively used in modern conditions of a sharp increase in the cost of mineral fertilizers. At the same time, the energy efficiency of growing corn for grain and table root crops depending on the fertilizer system has been determined, which will increase crop yields in the absence of an increase in fertilizer costs.

DISEMINASI TEKNOLOGI FERMENTASI URIN MENGGUNAKAN MIKROORGANISME LOKAL (MoL) SEBAGAI DEKOMPOSER ALAMI

The increasing use of chemical fertilizers, especially in rural areas, has a very large effect on agricultural production. Utilization of livestock waste (urine) as raw material for liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) has the potential to replace the use of chemical fertilizers. The basic problem that occurs is that the availability of microorganisms in the form of commercial decomposers for the LOF production process is becoming increasingly expensive and difficult to obtain. The purpose of this activity is to increase the knowledge capacity of farmer/breeder partners in developing the LOF production process by utilizing cattle waste (urine) as raw material. In addition, it is also to increase the ability of partners to produce local microorganisms (LoM) from natural ingredients. This activity has been carried out in Barebbo Village, Barebbo District, Bone Regency. The partner group involved is the farmer-livestock group “Mase-mase”. Several technology packages that have been disseminated include: 1) urine processing technology into LOF, 2) local microorganism (LoM) manufacturing technology using natural ingredients, 3) application of regression analysis and Coub Douglass function to optimize profits in beef cattle farming. The method of implementing the activities uses training methods in the form of face-to-face (offline) which is continued with direct practice. Furthermore, the process of technology assistance and monitoring is carried out. The results of the evaluation of the implementation of activities indicate that the application of technology has a very significant impact on the capacity of partners. The process of urine production into LOF can reduce the amount of liquid waste from cattle business which has a direct impact on environmental improvement.

Особенности водного режима почвы при орошении стоками животноводческого комплекса

Rational use of natural resources is one of the most acute problems not only in Belarus, but throughout the world. The development of industry, transport and the use of high-intensive technologies in agricultural sector result in the increase of air, land and water pollution. At the same time, wastewater is one of the sources of pollution, despite the fact that much attention is paid to their treatment and neutralization. Currently, various technologies are used for the disposal and treatment of livestock waste. One of them is the utilization of livestock waste for fertilizer irrigation of crops. For practical implementation of fertilizer irrigation, specialized reclamation systems have been built, a technology at the complexes that is based on the principle of full water circulation. Typically, such systems include a network of underground pipelines and irrigation equipment for irrigation, various purpose hydraulic structures, a fence and a drainage network for collecting contaminated surface and drainage water, which accumulate and reuse it for irrigation. When analyzing the operation of such water circulation system, at first glance it seems that the spread of pollution outside the irrigated territory is excluded. However, practical experience shows that complete cleaning and environmental safety, even on advanced systems, is not provided. Therefore, the performance of individual elements of the water reclamation system for fertilizer irrigation requires in-depth study and improvement.

Macronutrient content of compost produced by earthworm in the utilization of livestock waste using vermicomposting method

The development of livestock should be focusing on increasing productivity and maximizing profit and the environmental issue that happens around it. The produced waste can be managed by minimalizing the waste generated by turning it into something valuable or reutilizing it. One way to do it is by utilizing the waste as organic fertilizer (vermicompost). The vermicomposting process resulted in two products that are useful for agriculture; there are earthworm and vermicompost itself. Using the generated waste as growth media for the worm will result in an increased worm population, and the waste will be turned into vermicompost. The earthworm species that will be used in this study is Pheretima sp. This study purpose is to reduce the contamination by the waste generated by livestock, and other purposes are to find out whether the nutrient content in the waste is up to standard and the roles of the earthworm used. The samples were collected on days 30, 45, and 60. The result shows that the only nutrient that can meet the standard is potassium (> 0.2%), while carbon is slightly below standard and nitrogen and phosphor content are way below the standard. From the resulted nutrient content, it can be concluded that the role of Pheretima sp in the vermicomposting process was not optimal resulted in compost that below the Indonesian National Standard for compost.

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa Terhadap Prospek Unggulan Jambu Gondangmanis Menjadi Desa Wisata (Di Desa Gondangmanis, Kec. Bandar KedungMulyo, Kab. Jombang)

Gondangmanis guava production decreases every year, this is caused by pests and plant diseases, due to decreased soil quality, and soil fertility. In addition there are no good cultivation techniques so that Gondangmanis guava only grows conventionally. The purpose of this activity, for assistance, training and development of Gondangmanis guava picking tourism village. Implementation activities begin from April 2019 until August 2019, in Gondangmanis Village, kec. Bandar kedungmulyo, Jombang. The method used is a demonstration plot, and in-depth interviews. From the results of the assistance in this 3rd year, it can be concluded that there has been assistance, training and cultivation of Gondangmanis guava production. Community participation, especially those involved in guava development activities, and utilization of livestock waste is very high. Likewise, support from community leaders and village and district level officials was very supportive. Also pioneered the formation of tourism Gondangmanis guava village. The Guava Gondangmanis Community Group and the Tourism Awareness Group (POKDARWIS) have been formed. The role of the Department of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry and the Regional Government of Bappeda in Jombang Regency is also very high, because during the preparation and coordination process, it always receives attention from the leadership of the Regional Government, as evidenced by the formation of leading tourism in Jombang.

Utilization of Poultry Slaughterhouses (PSh) Waste as a By-product of Protein Sources to Create the Environmental Friendly Livestock Systems in Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Livestock waste is one of the important problems in a livestock farming system. Various efforts was needed to reduce waste production. The use of waste is one of solution in reducing waste production to create an environmentally friendly livestock farming system. Utilization of livestock waste from PSh as feed ingredients for alternative protein sources can reduce the cost of feed use. This has an impact on a more efficient livestock business. The feather from the poultry contains high protein compounds. The application of waste from the poultry feather as a source of animal feed to improve the quality of quail meat has not been widely reported. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of giving feather waste extract (FWE) on the quality of thigh meat (Bicep femoris) for quail. A total of 100 heads quails, male, were used as samples. A total of 4 types of FWE administration treatments have been applied. Four types of FWE treatment have been applied in this study, namely: (FA = 0%; FB = 1%; FC = 1.5% and FD = 2%). Each treatment unit was repeated 5 times with 5 heads quail samples/treatment. The results showed that the application of FWE at different levels had a significant effect (p<0.05) on cooking loss (CL) and shear force (SF) of thigh meat (Bicep femoris), whereas in water holding capacity (WHC) it did not show a significant effect (p>0.05). The value of the WHC of thigh meat (Biceps femoris) is in the range of 33.33±1.65%-42.07±5.01%, MSF of 0.40±0.05-0.93±0.18 kg/cm2 and CL of 6.10±2.70-19.90±4.51%. An application of 2% FWE in feed mixtures showed better meat quality of thigh meat (Bicep femoris). An application of FWE as a protein source for animal feed can be improve the environmental sustainability and create a more efficient livestock business.Keywords: Poultry slaughterhouse (PSh), By-product, Protein, Feather waste extract (FWE), Environmental friendly

The sustainability index of dairy cattle area in Padang Panjang City

This study aims to analyze the sustainability status of dairy cattle based livestock areas in Padang Panjang City West Sumatera from the five dimensions of sustainability (ecology, economics, socio-cultural, technological-infrastructure, and legal-institutional) and identifies key influential factors in the future development of the system. This research uses Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) method of analysis which results are expressed in the form of sustainability index. The result of the index of sustainability using approach Rapid Appraisal of Dairy Cattle Breeding System yielded the value of 55.09. Based on these values, the sustainability index of dairy cattle breeding system in Padang Panjang City is categorized as “quite sustainable”. An increase in the value of the sustainability index can be done by improving the 15 sensitive attributes of 45 attributes of the system’s sustainability assessment. Analysis of dependency between factors using prospective analysis resulted in 7 (seven) key factors influencing the development of dairy farming system. The key factors are: (1) milk price, (2) feeding capacity, (3) feed industry, (4) utilization of livestock waste, (5) job socialization, (6) development of cooperative, and (7) microfinance (bank/credit). In order to improve the sustainability status for the future (long term), the scenario that needs to be done is a progressive-optimistic scenario by making a thorough improvement on all the sensitive attributes in enhancing the status of the region.

Challenges Faced in the Utilization of Livestock Waste in Post-Rural China: The Tradition of Inheritance from Rural China and Agricultural Practice

Challenges Faced in the Utilization of Livestock Waste in Post-Rural China: The Tradition of Inheritance from Rural China and Agricultural Practice

ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ПРОЦЕССОВ ФЕРМЕНТАЦИИ КУРИНОГО ПОМЕТА ПОД ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЕМ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИ АКТИВНОЙ ДОБАВКИ «МЕФОСФОН»

In article the current problem of agriculture – utilization of livestock waste is considered. Heads of the enterprises are interested in introduction of the low-cost schemes of utilization allowing to process into short terms waste in safe products. In this work it is considered the possibility of processing of waste by means of the Mefosfon dietary supplement representing melamine salt encore (oxymethyl) of fosfinovy acid. The possibility of acceleration of process of "maturing" of navoz due to stimulation of microbic activity in waste is supposed. Results of a research of fermentation of a bespodstilochny chicken dung and dung are given in an opilochny laying with Mefosfon's addition and Baikal-EM1. The intensity of process of biodestruction of nitrogen-containing connections was estimated on change of maintenance of ions of ammonium (NH4+) which was determined by a photocolorimetric method by Romashkevich. Acceleration of processes of ammonification at addition in medicine Mefosfon waste is shown. Reduction of concentration of ammoniyny nitrogen in the samples processed by Melafen in combination with the microbic medicine Baikal-EM1 up to 30% in 4 months of an experiment is recorded. Biotesting of experimental tests has shown decrease in toxicity of a dung with III to the IV class. At the same time it was noted that the negative impact on hydrobionts of the tests processed by medicines was lower than 1,5-2 times of control tests without processing medicines.

Profit Efficiency and Waste Management in Poultry Farming: The Case of Egba Division, Ogun State, Nigeria

The study examined the profit efficiency and poultry waste management in Egba division of Ogun State, Nigeria. A sample of seventy-two (72) poultry farmers was randomly selected from the study area through structured questionnaires. The data analysis was based on complete responses from a cross - sectional survey of the respondents. The data were analyzed using frequency distribution and frontier profit function. Results showed that poultry production was dominated by males (84.7%) and majority (73.6%) was below 50 years of age. About 98.6% of the poultry farmers had minimum of primary education while 86.1% had less than 10 years of farming experience. 70.9% of the household had up to 6 members in their family while 29.1% had between 7-12 members. Statistics shows that 93.1% of the respondents collected their poultry waste manually using shovel and spade. Majority (76.39%) of the farmers did not treat their farm waste before or after disposal thereby polluting their environment. The poultry 'waste' was not considered useful by 63.9% of the farmers. However, the mean level of efficiency for poultry production in the area is 68.44 indicating that there is opportunity to still increase profit by 31.6% if technical, allocative and scale efficiencies are improved upon. Meanwhile, age, experience and sex significantly contributed to inefficiency in poultry farming in the area. It is therefore suggested that livestock farmers should be trained through workshops, conferences and extension services on the conversion and utilization of livestock waste or manure e.g. into organic fertilizers which can easily be made available to the numerous small scale crop farmers to augment the scarce and very expensive inorganic fertilizer. Effective monitoring services should be operated by government to sensitize poultry farmers to reduce environmental pollution and incidence of disease outbreak. Government should reduce import duties on poultry drugs so as to enhance increased production and profitability.