Utilization Of Liquid Waste Research Articles

Liquid wastes as a renewable feedstock for yeast biodiesel production: Opportunities and challenges

Microbial lipids (bacterial, yeast, or algal) production and its utilization as a feedstock for biodiesel production in a sustainable and economical way along with waste degradation is a promising technology. Oleaginous yeasts have demonstrated multiple advantages over algae and bacteria such as high lipid yields, lipid similarity to vegetable oil, and requirement of lesser area for cultivation. Oleaginous yeasts grown on lignocellulosic solid waste as renewable feedstocks have been widely reported and reviewed. Recently, industrial effluents and other liquid wastes have been evaluated as feedstocks for biodiesel production from oleaginous yeasts. The idea of the utilization of wastewater for the growth of oleaginous yeasts for simultaneous wastewater treatment and lipid production is gaining attention among researchers. However, the detailed knowledge on the economic aspects of different process involved during the conversion of oleaginous yeast into lipids hinders its large-scale application. Therefore, this review aims to provide an overview of yeast-derived biodiesel production by utilizing industrial effluents and other liquid wastes as feedstocks. Various technologies for biomass harvesting, lipid extraction and the economic aspects specifically focused on yeast biodiesel production were also analyzed and reported in this review. The utilization of liquid wastes and the incorporation of cost-efficient harvesting and lipid extraction strategy would facilitate large-scale commercialization of biodiesel production from oleaginous yeasts in near future.

Nilai Ekonomi Lingkungan Pemanfaatan Limbah Cair Dan Limbah Tankos Hasil Pengolahan Industri Kelapa Sawit PT. Musirawas Citraharpindo

The development of plantations is currently accompanied by environmental issues arising from the waste from the palm oil industry. The utilization of waste to be of economic value is necessary to reduce negative impacts on the environment and create an environmentally friendly industry. Thus, it can reduce production costs, increase income, and not burden the environment. The purpose of this research is to analyze the environmental economic value of the utilization of liquid waste and tankos solid waste. This research method uses observation, interview, documentation, and economic valuation techniques. The results of the calculation of changes in the productivity of waste utilization as a reduction in the use of urea fertilizer, RP fertilizer, MOP fertilizer, and kieserite fertilizer provide an economic value of sludge liquid waste of IDR 46,644,326.72 and tankos solid waste of IDR 1,784,059,650.00. The results of the study conclude that the use of sludge liquid waste and tankos solid waste carried out by the company in 2017 with an applied area of 3,443.16 hectares was able to provide an environmental economic value of Rp. 1,830,703,967.72.

Utilization of liquid waste from freshwater fish cultivation in bioreactors batch culture system and biochar to increase lettuce plant production (Lactuca sativa L.)

The utilization of freshwater fish cultivation and agricultural wastes can be an alternative in increasing vegetable production. Freshwater fish waste can be used as liquid organic fertilizer, while agricultural waste in the form of rice husk can be used as biochar which has the potential to improve soil fertility. the The purpose of this study was to evaluate the treatment of watering freshwater fish waste as a liquid organic fertilizer that affects the production of lettuce plants, as well as to evaluate the rice husk biochar treatment that can affect the production of lettuce plants. This study used a factorial randomized block design with 3 replications. The factors used in this studied were Factor I: watering frequency of freshwater aquaculture wastewater, consisting of without watering wastewater (L0); watering twice a week (L1); and watering 4 times a week (L2); and Factor II: dosage of rice husk biochar, consisting of without rice husk biochar (B0); 10 g of rice husk biochar per polybag (B1); 20 g of rice husk biochar per polybag (B2). The result showed that:(1) liquid waste from freshwater fish cultivation in bioreactor batch culture system can be used as liquid organic fertilizer in lettuce cultivation, and (2) watering frequency of liquid organic fertilizer from freshwater aquaculture wastewater 4 times a week and rice husk biochar 20 g per polybag were the best treatment for lettuce yield.

PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI RUMPUT LAUT SEBAGAI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR UNTUK TANAMAN PERTANIAN. (Utilization of Liquid Waste from Seaweed Industry as Organic Liquid Fertilizer for Crops)

Utilization of liquid waste from seaweed processing industry to produce organic liquid fertilizer for crops was studied. The liquid waste was taken for both before and after filtration to the waste outlet. Fertilizer was formulated in 60 %, 70 % and 80 % liquid waste and the rest portion as the mixture of banana hump, water hyacinth and seaweed thallus. Fermentation took place unaerobically for 15 days using EM4 microorganisms. Composition of 60 % liquid waste taken before the filtration to the outlet and 40 % of the mixture in the formula showed a fertilizer with the higest auxin, gibberelins cytokinin and ethylen contents of 131.210; 149.550; 183.378 and 18.01 ppm, respectively. In this composition obtained the highest value for phosphate soluble bacteria and Nitrogen fixing bacteria were 7,5 x 10 4 CFU/ml and 160.000 APM/ml. In fact, in an application test for chili, this formula resulted in the highest growing effects for the crop, in terms of crop height and length, width and number of leaves, compared to other formulas. Moreover, fertilizers formulated from the 70 % and 80 % liquid waste taken before the filtration to the outlet had higher K 2 O compound, compared to other formulas, while N, Mg, and Ca were found higher in the fertilizer, formulated from the liquid waste taken after the filtration to the outlet. Keywords: liquid waste, seaweed, fertilizer, crops, fermentation, plant growth regulator (PGR). ABSTRAK. Pemanfaatan limbah cair industri pengolahan rumput laut untuk memproduksi pupuk cair organik untuk tanaman pertanian telah diteliti. Limbah cair diambil masing- masing dari sebelum dan sesudah penyaringan ke outlet limbah. Pupuk diformulasi dari 60 %, 70 % dan 80 % limbah cair ditambah sisanya berupa campuran bonggol pisang, enceng gondok, dan thallus hasil sortiran rumput laut. Fermentasi berlangsung secara anaerob selama 15 hari dengan menggunakan mikroorganisme EM4. Komposisi 60 % limbah cair yang diambil sebelum outlet penyaringan dan 40 % campuran bahan- bahan lainnya tersebut, pada formula pupuk menghasilkan kandungan zat pengatur tumbuh auksin, giberelin, sitokinin dan etilen tertinggi dengan kadar masing-masing 131,210; 149,550; 183,378 dan 18,01 ppm. Pada komposisi ini juga diperoleh nilai tertinggi untuk mikroba pelarut fosfat dan mikroba menambat nitrogen adalah 7,5 x 10 4 CFU/ml dan 160.000 APM/ml. Pada kenyataannya, uji aplikasi formula ini pada tanaman cabe menghasilkan efek pertumbuhan tanaman tertinggi, dalam hal tinggi tanaman dan panjang, lebar dan jumlah daun, dibandingkan dengan formula lainnya. Selanjutnya, pupuk yang diformulasi dari 70 % dan 80 % limbah cair yang diambil sebelum outlet penyaringan memiliki kandungan senyawa K 2 O lebih tinggi dibanding dengan yang lainnya, sedangkan unsur-unsur N, Mg dan Ca ditemukan pada pupuk yang diformulasi dari limbah cair yang diambil sesudah outlet penyaringan. Kata Kunci: limbah cair, rumput laut, pupuk, tanaman pertanian, fermentasi, zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT)

Multipurpose Utilization of Lixivium Obtained in Removing Iron from Quartz Sand

This paper reported the visible light decoloration rate of the solution, mixed methylene blue with the lixivium obtained in removing iron from quartz sand by ultrasonic treatment. The effect of the concentration of ethanedionic acid, time of treatment by ultrasound, the initial concentration of methylene blue and the volume of lixivium were investigated in details. The primary result showed that it was apparent improved in decoloration efficiency after mixed. And the decoloration rate improved more highly after visible light irradiation. The decoloration rate of mixed solution containing 20 ppm methylene blue got to 99.5% under the condition of c(H2C2O4) 5g/L, treating by ultrasonic for 2.5h, using 30mL lixivium. It also had certain affection for the CODCr of lixivium. This process realized the multipurpose utilization of liquid waste. Keywords-methylene blue; quartz sand; lixivium; removing iron; multipurpose utilization