Utility Of Immunostaining Research Articles

The utilization and utility of immunostains in body fluid cytology.

Body fluid cytology (BFC) is an important tool in the diagnosis and staging of malignancy and is aided by the judicious use of immunohistochemistry (IHC). The aim of this study was to determine the usage rates of IHC stains in BFC, their type and indications, and their diagnostic impact. We also attempted to estimate the optimal rate of IHC use in BFC by comparing the entire laboratory's and each individual cytopathologist's IHC use rates with their respective indeterminate and malignant diagnosis rates. We conducted a retrospective study of IHC stain use in BFC during a 5.5-year interval (2013-2018) and determined the laboratory's and each individual cytopathologist's IHC usage patterns according to the final diagnosis, site, and indications for their use. A total of 477 out of 4144 (11.5%) BFC cases had 2128 individual immunostains performed, with an average of 4.5 immunostains per case. Individual cytopathologists used IHC stains on 6.7% to 22% of their BFC cases. Pathologists with higher rates of IHC stain use than the laboratory's mean were less experienced and had higher rates of indeterminate but not of malignant diagnoses. The most common indication for the use of IHC stains was differentiating mesothelial from malignant cells. MOC31, calretinin, Ber-EP4, CD68, and D2-40 were the most commonly used of the 67 different IHC stains used in BFC. The laboratory's mean may represent the optimal IHC use rate, as higher IHC use rates did not lead to more diagnostic certainty or higher pickup rates of malignant cells.

Application of cell block preparation in effusion cytology: Analysis of mismatched diagnosis and utility of immunostaining

Application of cell block preparation in effusion cytology: Analysis of mismatched diagnosis and utility of immunostaining

Sa1815 - Utility of Immunostaining in the Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Kaposi's Sarcoma Related to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: A Retrospective Study

Sa1815 - Utility of Immunostaining in the Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Kaposi's Sarcoma Related to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: A Retrospective Study

Utility of Immunostains in Differentiating Pancreatic Foamy Gland Adenocarcinoma (FGA) from Benign Gastrointestinal Mucosal Contaminants (GIC) in Pancreatic Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration (EUS-FNA)

Utility of Immunostains in Differentiating Pancreatic Foamy Gland Adenocarcinoma (FGA) from Benign Gastrointestinal Mucosal Contaminants (GIC) in Pancreatic Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration (EUS-FNA)

Diagnosis in bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase deficiency.

Cholate-CoA ligase (CCL) and bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase (BAAT) sequentially mediate bile-acid amidation. Defects can cause intrahepatic cholestasis. Distinction has required gene sequencing. We assessed potential clinical utility of immunostaining of liver for CCL and BAAT. Using commercially available antibodies against BAAT and CCL, we immunostained liver from an infant with jaundice, deficiency of amidated bile acids, and transcription-terminating mutation in BAAT. CCL was normally expressed. BAAT expression was not detected. Immunostaining may facilitate diagnosis in bile-acid amidation defects.

The use of immunocytochemical study in the cytologic diagnosis of melanoma: Evaluation of three antibodies

There are limited studies on the utility of immunostaining in cytologic specimens suspected of melanoma. In this study, we examined the performance of the most commonly used antibodies including monoclonal antibodies against Melan-A (A103), S-100, and HMB-45 antigens. Immunostains were performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded cell blocks prepared from 100 cytologic specimens. The specimens consisted of 57 melanomas and 43 nonmelanocytic neoplasms. Of 57 melanomas, 53 showed positive reaction to Melan-A antibody while 51 and 41 revealed positive immunostaining for S-100 and HMB-45, respectively. Of 43 nonmelanocytic neoplasms, 10, 4, and 8 specimens stained positive with an antibody against S-100, HMB-45, and Melan-A, respectively. However, the false-positive immunostaining for Melan-A was eliminated in seven of the eight specimens after applying the pretreatment with avidin/biotin blocking reagents. Overall, the highest sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) were achieved in Melan-A antibody (93 and 90%) compared with antibodies to S-100 (89 and 85%), and HMB-45 (72 and 71%). Initially, an intermediate specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) were obtained for Melan-A antibody (81 and 87%) that were greater than S-100 (77 and 84%), and lower than HMB-45 (91 and 91%). However, the aforementioned treatment with avidin/biotin blocking reagents improved both specificity (98%) and PPV (98%) for Melan-A antibody. In conclusion, by blocking endogenous biotin, Melan-A antibody offers the greatest performance. In terms of cost-effectiveness, we suggested that Melan-A antibody should be used as the first-line antibody for detecting melanoma in the cytologic specimens.

736 The utility of immunostaining for mallory bodies in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

736 The utility of immunostaining for mallory bodies in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

Immunohistochemical Detection of Metastatic Breast Carcinoma in Axillary Lymph Nodes

The utility of immunostaining as an aid to identify metastatic carcinoma cells in lymph nodes was demonstrated by the presentation of a case of infiltrating lobular carcinoma of the breast with subtle lymph node metastasis. Immunohistochemical staining of the lymph nodes with anti AE1/AE3 vividly detected otherwise inapparent carcinoma cells. (The J Histotechnol 14:57, 1991)