Utilization Of Electronic Devices Research Articles

Computational investigation of the fundamental physical properties of lead-free halide double perovskite Rb2NaCoX6 (X = Cl, Br, and I) materials: Potential prospects for sustainable energy

We have undertaken an ab initio investigation of emerging metal lead-free halide double perovskite materials for renewable energy applications using the WIEN2k simulation code. These materials have garnered significant attention from the research community due to their potential utility in electronic devices. Through an analysis of their electronic structure, we have ascertained that these materials exhibit characteristics of direct band gap semiconductors, falling within the energy range spanning 0.755 to 1.825[Formula: see text]eV. Furthermore, to check their suitability for use in photovoltaic devices, optical properties have been investigated. The thermoelectric potential of these materials has been explored using the BoltzTraP simulation code. The study of thermoelectric parameters indicates that the studied materials are effective thermoelectric materials with a strong potential for n-type doping. Additionally, thermodynamic parameters have been investigated to check their thermal stability, required to make them promising candidates for a wide range of renewable energy applications.

The influence of Graphical User Interfaces on human-computer interaction and the impact of organizing software on decision-making process

The necessity for effective information management has grown crucial due to the widespread availability and utilization of electronic devices and software systems. Organizational software provides a solution by enhancing efficiency and reducing cognitive burden. Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) play a crucial role in facilitating the interaction between humans and computers in the domain of software design. This study employs a comprehensive literature review to examine the fundamental concepts underlying efficient GUI design and the current trends in organizing software interfaces. The text presents a GUI concept that has been designed for the purpose of organizing software in order to address complex decision-making scenarios. The model offers a graphical representation of a framework that may be used to analyze various elements influencing decision-making. This study sheds light on the potential of Organizing Software to enhance cognitive processes. However, there is a need for additional enhancements in integrating user connectivity and intelligent algorithms. In general, the study emphasizes the significance of user-centric GUI design in improving the effectiveness of Organizing Software.

Recovery of precious metals from mobile phone waste: Studies on leaching and adsorption by functionalized activated carbon

In today's world, the utilization of electronic devices, particularly mobile phones, has seen a remarkable surge and they are a valuable source of recovery of precious metals. The current study reports on the physical and chemical processing of mobile phone waste into leachate, followed by recovery of precious metals, using ionic liquid functionalized activated carbon (ACF). The recovery process was explored both in batch and column study. The presence of base metals in the final leachate was minimized by employing multi-stage chemical leaching, leading to a more efficient purification process. Moreover, adjustment of HCl concentration in the leachate leads to decreased in other metals interference during adsorption. Following the batch adsorption results, a favorable interaction between IL and metal complexes leads to a quantitative adsorption of the precious metals. In addition, ACF also gave an excellent performance in the column adsorption process with the high bed depth and low flow rate of the leachate as the influential parameter. An increase in the bed depth and a decrease in leachate flow rate proportionally increases the values of kTh (rate constant), qe (adsorption capacity), and KYN (rate constant) and positively increases the 50% breakthrough time (τ). Moreover, the final purification of the adsorbed metals was performed selectively through sequential desorption, employing Na2S2O3, NH4SCN, and HNO3 solutions. Finally, the adsorption capability of ACF shown a negligible change after five repetitive adsorption-desorption cycles. Thus, the current study presents a method to process mobile phone waste and selectively recover the precious metals from the leachate.

Polyurethane composite films with self-assembled graphene fluoride: Constructing conductive pathways for thermal management with electrical insulation

Polymer composites incorporating carbon-based fillers have been demonstrated to have high thermal conductivity (TC), yet their high electrical conductivity restricts their utility in electronic devices. As a solution to this issue, we report graphene fluoride (GF) incorporated thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composites that are both thermally conductive and electrically insulating. The TPU composites, engineered for both high TC and electrical insulation while maintaining flexibility, were fabricated using a combination of electrospinning, dip-coating, and hot-pressing techniques. This study aimed to investigate the effects of various dip-coating cycles on the in-plane thermal conductivity (λ∥) of GF@TPU composites. Noticeably, GF@TPU composites exhibited an outstanding TC, reaching up to 13.5 W m−1 K−1 with 10 vol% GF loading, marking a 75-fold increase compared to the neat TPU films. Moreover, the GF@TPU composites exhibited an electrically insulating property of 6.5 × 1010 Ω/m. This work provides a promising strategy to make thermally conductive composites with electrical insulation for thermal management in smart electronics.

Modeling tracking the influence of factors on functioning of transport nodes

The research focuses on simulation modeling of the influence of factors on transport nodes. The utilization of electronic devices and sensors to track factors that are difficult to take into account by conventional methods is considered. The research emphasizes the importance of simulation modeling for the analysis of complex systems and offers the concept of applying modern technologies to accurately collect real data and create more realistic impact models. In the course of the research, current theories and developments concerning modern trends in simulation modeling were analyzed, areas that require clarification and additions were identified. In the experimental part, a simplified electronic circuit of a device for generating pulses, which is sensitive to the readings of real-time sensors, is proposed. The use of such devices can facilitate the collection of primary information about operational changes in the city’s road network, the formation of data arrays for traffic management systems. The development is of significant importance for identifying stochastic factors in certain areas and transport hubs, as well as determining the intensity of stochastic effects.

The Impact of Electronic Device Usage on Relationship Satisfaction

With the increasing popularity of electronic products, their impact on interpersonal relationships has also undergone significant changes. This paper delves into the intricate relationship between electronic device usage and relationship satisfaction. It provides a comprehensive review and analysis of relevant research, revealing that the utilization of electronic devices can exert a detrimental influence on relationship satisfaction. Within this context, various mediating and moderating variables, predominantly encompassing individual factors and interpersonal perceptions, are identified. Building upon limitations of this paper, future direction can focus on longitudinal analysis, advanced measurement techniques and expanded variables. These findings contribute to the augmentation of existing theories and offer novel insights into enhancing interpersonal communication and relationship satisfaction among individuals.

Cyberbullying in the UK: The Effect of Global Crises on the Victimization Rates

ABSTRACT Previous research has shown that the utilization of electronic devices with internet access has increased rapidly over the past years. With that increase, comes the increased victimization of internet users from cyberbullies. However, we do not know to what level that increase affected the cyberbullying rates in the UK. The current study assessed whether cyber-bullying incidents had increased in the UK during the lockdown period, mainly because of the skyrocketing of the social media use and other online platforms. Overall, the results of this study indicated that the prevalence of cyber-victimization and perpetration declined during the lockdowns when compared to pre-March 2020 rates, and cyber-bullying bystander behaviors increased during the pandemic. Further research is in need to examine the latter assumption. Implications and limitations are discussed.

Effective degradation of Rhodamine B using α-MoO3 nanoplates synthesised using thermal decomposition method

MoO3 nanoplates were effectively synthesized using simple thermal decomposition method and comprehensively characterized for structural, optical, dielectric properties. Structural analysis, primarily through x-ray diffraction (XRD), unequivocally confirmed the orthorhombic phase of the synthesized MoO3 nanoplates, establishing their crystalline structure. The optical properties of MoO3 nanoplates were investigated using UV- Vis diffused reflectance spectra, revealing an optical bandgap of 3.0 eV. Photoluminescence (PL) analysis uncovered sub-band transitions within the nanoplates, shedding light on their luminescent behavior and further emphasizing their optical properties. Raman spectroscopy reaffirmed the orthorhombic structure of the MoO3 nanoplates, providing additional structural confirmation. Morphological and compositional analyses, carried out through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), showcased the formation of self-assembled hexagonal plate-like structures. This unique morphology holds promise for various applications, especially in photocatalysis. Dielectric and alternating current (AC) conductivity studies confirmed the semiconducting nature of MoO3 nanoplates, a crucial characteristic for their utilization in electronic devices and catalytic processes. Based on these results photocatalytic activity of the synthesized MoO3 was tested for the degradation of Rhodamine- B in aqueous solution. The complete degradation of Rhodamine B obtained demonstrates the efficacy of MoO3 as a photocatalyst, demonstrating its efficacy in environmental remediation and water purification.

The Relationship Between Use of Gadgets and Sleep Quality on Nursing Students

Introduction: The proliferation of information and communication technology, particularly handheld electronic devices, has resulted in a significant portion of the population becoming ensnared in a perpetual reliance on smartphones. The prevalence of technological devices has led to a significant dependency among students. Approximately 30 million individuals, constituting approximately 80% of the user population in Indonesia, are students. This behaviour frequently leads individuals to lose track of time during late hours, as they habitually resort to incessantly monitoring their electronic devices as a means of evading social interactions on online platforms. The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between gadget usage and sleep quality. Methods: The present study employed a quantitative approach utilizing a cross-sectional design. This study employed comparative statistical analysis to examine the correlation between gadget usage and the sleep quality of students at STIKes Karsa Husada Garut. Results:: The data analysis using the Chi-square test yielded a p-value of less than 0.05, suggesting a significant association between the utilization of Gadgets and the quality of sleep among nursing students at STIKes Karsa Husada Garut. Conclusion: the utilization of electronic devices had a notable impact on the sleep quality of final-year students at STIKes Karsa Husada Garut. A negative correlation can be interpreted as indicating an inverse relationship between the use of gadgets and sleep quality, such that an increase in gadget usage is associated with a decrease in sleep quality and vice versa.

A Modified Wet Transfer Method for Eliminating Interfacial Impurities in Graphene.

Graphene has immense potential as a material for electronic devices owing to its unique electrical properties. However, large-area graphene produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) must be transferred from the as-grown copper substrate to an arbitrary substrate for device fabrication. The conventional wet transfer technique, which uses FeCl3 as a Cu etchant, leaves microscale impurities from the substrate, and the etchant adheres to graphene, thereby degrading its electrical performance. To address this limitation, this study introduces a modified transfer process that utilizes a temporary UV-treated SiO2 substrate to adsorb impurities from graphene before transferring it onto the final substrate. Optical microscopy and Raman mapping confirmed the adhesion of impurities to the temporary substrate, leading to a clean graphene/substrate interface. The retransferred graphene shows a reduction in electron-hole asymmetry and sheet resistance compared to conventionally transferred graphene, as confirmed by the transmission line model (TLM) and Hall effect measurements (HEMs). These results indicate that only the substrate effects remain in action in the retransferred graphene, and most of the effects of the impurities are eliminated. Overall, the modified transfer process is a promising method for obtaining high-quality graphene suitable for industrial-scale utilization in electronic devices.

Energy Storage Application of Conducting Polymers Featuring Dual Acceptors: Exploring Conjugation and Flexible Chain Length Effects.

Solution-processable conducting polymers (CPs) are a compelling alternative to inorganic counterparts because of their potential for tuning chemical properties and creating flexible organic electronics. CPs, which typically comprise either only an electron donor (D) or its alternative combinations with an electron acceptor (A), exhibit charge transfer behavior between the units, resulting in an electrical conductivity suitable for utilization in electronic devices and for energy storage applications. However, the energy storage behavior of CPs with a sequence of electron acceptors (A-A), has rarely been investigated, despite their promising lower band gap and higher charge carrier mobility. Utilizing the aforesaid concept herein, four CPs featuring benzodithiophenedione (BDD), and diketopyrrolepyrrole (DPP) are synthesized. Among them, the BDDTH-DPPEH polymer exhibited the highest specific capacitance of 126.5 F g-1 at a current density of 0.5 A g-1 in an organic electrolyte over a wide potential window of -0.6-1.4V. Notably, the supercapacitor properties of the polymeric electrode materials improved with increasing conjugation length by adding thiophene donor units and shortening the alkyl chain lengths. Furthermore, a symmetric supercapacitor device fabricated using BDDTH-DPPEH exhibited a high-power density of 4000W kg-1 and an energy density of 31.66Wh kg-1 .

Construction of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons Containing Sulfur and Nitrogen via Controllable Domino Reactions and DFT Studies

Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PHAs) containing heteroatoms have attracted considerable attention due to their potential utility in electronic devices. This work reported a novel domino reaction between an aryne precursor and azadiene bearing a benzothiophene moiety to produce a series of PHAs containing sulfur and nitrogen atoms. Further transformation of the product enabled concise synthesis of a new AIEgen, whose photophysical properties were characterized. Density functional calculations on the reaction mechanism revealed that the in situ generated aryne could trigger either a [4 + 2] or [3 + 2] process with azadiene, in which the regioselectivity was mainly a result of the heteroatom effect and may be understood by means of Houk's distortion-interaction model.

ECOLOGICAL AND FISCAL ELUCIDATION IN SOLID SCRAP MANAGEMENT COMPUTING USING WOT

Squander electric and electronic hardware or e-squander age has been recognized as a critical angle in strong scrap administration; however e-garbage removal in landfills isn't recommended because of the harmful synthetic compounds and substantial metals in it. A shrewd family e-squander assortment box was planned, fitted with e-squander level estimation sensors to record the removal information. A backend worker was created which consequently advises and plans e-squander authorities to dispatch and gather the e-squander when the volume of the assortment box arrives at a specific edge (for example box is 80% filled. In this paper WOT empowered trash assortment framework has been proposed. This paper presents a method to distinguish the constant degree of trash in the dustbins. The level is detected with the assistance of IR sensors using WOT. This strategy changes over the dustbins into a brilliant dustbin which can be associated with the end green figuring accentuations and making more recyclable items. Electronic scrap is probably the most concerning issue that our reality is confronting today. The always developing interest and utilization of electronic devices in this crown period add to this E-Scrap undeniably. The entirety of this can be forestalled by proficiently overseeing E-Scrap . Many created nations are discarding their E-Scrap in non-industrial nations like India and China. These non-industrial nations have an immense populace influenced by this E-squander as there is no coordinated framework for overseeing it. To shorten these issues, in this work, the impact of WoT (Web of Things) is utilized to store and gather E-squander effectively. The fundamental target is to bring the investors (individuals who dispose of E-scrap ) and authorities (individuals who gather and reuse E-squander) into a solitary stage and further develop the proposed E-Scrap administration productivity Computing.

Advanced Electric Battery Power Storage for Motors through the Use of Differential Gears and High Torque for Recirculating Power Generation

Electricity has become one of the most important factors contributing to both the livelihoods of individuals and global economic development. Most electricity generation is still derived from burning fossil fuels that contribute to environmental degradation. The aim of this research, through innovative design, was to create clean circular technology through the utilization of electronic devices that control and send optimally timed commands to two 72-volt batteries (DC) that store and distribute energy. This new form of electric power generation was adapted to be used with a three-way differential gear system. The speed of transmission was adjusted, and shaft rotation was connected to a 7.5 kw/h DC power motor with two 15 kw/h alternators in three phases to generate high torque power at the desired rate of 3000 RPM and electricity. The first set of alternators generated the electrical energy to be distributed. The circuit system of battery set one was used for storage and slowly fed to the motor, which was kept continuously running for hours. The second alternator distributed the generated voltage to the secondary battery, which stored backup power and provided the main power to the grid. This system is especially appealing for those looking to improve energy efficiency and contribute to the green economy, as this system can be applied to power charging stations for electric vehicles or used as a backup power source for buildings.

Accessing Boron-Doped Pentaphene Analogues from 12-Boradibenzofluorene.

Borole-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have garnered attention in recent years due to their attractive photophysical properties and potential utility in electronic devices. In this work, a borole-doped PAH, 12-boradibenzofluorene, is synthesized and formal intermolecular nitrene and oxygen atom insertion reactions were employed to access 1,2-azaborine- and 1,2-oxaborine-containing analogues of the carbonaceous PAH pentaphene. Iodosobenzene is established as a versatile reagent for oxygen atom insertion reactions into a variety of borole species to access 1,2-oxaborine systems.

Structure and electronic properties of mono and di-methyl substituted poly(p-phenylenebenzobisthiazole) oligomers: A computational study

The structural and electronic properties of mono and di-methyl substituted poly( p -phenylene benzobisthiazole) oligomers have been investigated theoretically employing quantum chemical calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) using the B3LYP functional. The neutral states geometries of these oligomers have been used to calculate the HOMO-LUMO gaps (D H-L ), ionization potentials (IP) and electron affinities (EA). The lowest excitation energies ( E g ) and the maximum absorption spectra have been studied using the TDDFT/B3LYP/6-31G(D) method. The cationic and anionic states of these oligomers have been optimized using the same methodology. The optimized lowest singlet excited-state geometries of oligomers have been used to calculate the emission spectra by using TDDFT method. The D H-L s, IPs, EAs, E g s, and absorption/emission spectra of the respective polymer have been obtained by extrapolating those of the oligomers to the inverse chain length equal to zero. From the reorganization energies, it can be seen that the electron transport energy values are smaller than the hole transport suggesting that these could be used as electron transport materials in light emitting diodes devices. Thus, these studies on the oligomers will help in rationalizing the properties of known polymers and to predict those of yet unknown ones for their utilization in electronic devices.

Electron transport in iodide-capped core@shell PbTe@PbS colloidal nanocrystal solids

Research in the field of colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) has progressed tremendously, mostly because of their exceptional optoelectronic properties. Core@shell NCs, in which one or more inorganic layers overcoat individual NCs, recently received significant attention due to their remarkable optical characteristics. Reduced Auger recombination, suppressed blinking, and enhanced carrier multiplication are among the merits of core@shell NCs. Despite their importance in device development, the influence of the shell and the surface modification of the core@shell NC assemblies on the charge carrier transport remains a pertinent research objective. Type-II PbTe@PbS core@shell NCs, in which exclusive electron transport was demonstrated, still exhibit instability of their electron transport. Here, we demonstrate the enhancement of electron transport and stability in PbTe@PbS core@shell NC assemblies using iodide as a surface passivating ligand. The combination of the PbS shelling and the use of the iodide ligand contributes to the addition of one mobile electron for each core@shell NC. Furthermore, both electron mobility and on/off current modulation ratio values of the core@shell NC field-effect transistor are steady with the usage of iodide. Excellent stability in these exclusively electron-transporting core@shell NCs paves the way for their utilization in electronic devices.

Asymmetric tunneling properties in a 2D anisotropic massless linear energy system

With the aid of the transfer matrix method, the carrier tunneling properties in a two-dimensional (2D) structure with an anisotropic linear energy dispersion are investigated. Several factors, the barrier structure, the incident energy, and the incident angle can be applied to modify the transmission characteristics. An impressive fact is that the anisotropic parameter and different potential directions can be used to tune the Klein tunneling. Therefore, the features of the normal incident transmission and the controllable side resonance transmission peaks can enrich the transport properties in a 2D system and are useful for the designing and utilization of electronic devices.

Ultra-thin broccoli-like SCFs@TiO2 one-dimensional electromagnetic wave absorbing material

As everlasting emerging and utilization of electronic devices, the demand for developing excellent electromagnetic (EM) wave absorbing materials is relatively urgent. Herein, the broccoli-like short carbon fibers (SCFs)@TiO2 composites were synthesized by a simple one-pot hydrothermal method, where TiO2 was grown vertically on the surface of short carbon fibers to form an independent broccoli-like conductive network, which is beneficial to the conduction loss and strong interfacial polarization, leading to enhanced EM wave absorption capability. Particularly, the uncalcined composite not only showed excellent EM wave absorption performance owing to the significantly improved complex permittivity, but also featured with simple preparation method to save cost. The eddy current loss was also found in our samples which caused magnetic loss mechanism due to the ring current produced in the conductive network. The maximum reflection loss of the SCFs@TiO2 composites reached up to −58.63 dB at 4.56 GHz. Remarkably, even if at the ultra-thin thickness of 1.1 mm, the effective bandwidth (RL ≤ −10 dB) of 3.4 GHz could be obtained. All results indicated that the broccoli-like SCFs@TiO2 composites can be used as an ideal material for preparing light and efficient EM wave absorption devices.

Driving chemical interactions at graphene-germanium van der Waals interfaces via thermal annealing

Despite its extraordinary charge carrier mobility, the lack of an electronic bandgap in graphene limits its utilization in electronic devices. To overcome this issue, researchers have attempted to chemically modify the pristine graphene lattice in order to engineer its electronic bandstructure. While significant progress has been achieved, aggressive chemistries are often employed which are difficult to pattern and control. In an effort to overcome this issue, here we utilize the well-defined van der Waals interface between crystalline Ge(110) and epitaxial graphene to template covalent chemistry. In particular, by annealing atomically pristine graphene-germanium interfaces synthesized by chemical vapor deposition under ultra-high vacuum conditions, chemical bonding is driven between the germanium surface and the graphene lattice. The resulting bonds act as charge scattering centers that are identified by scanning tunneling microscopy. The generation of atomic-scale defects is independently confirmed by Raman spectroscopy, revealing significant densities within the graphene lattice. The resulting chemically modified graphene has the potential to impact next-generation nanoelectronic applications.