Use Of Television Research Articles

Extended Learning beyond Physical Schools in Rural Contexts in Uganda; a Case of Kyotera District

The period of Covid -19 pandemic unlocked many lessons and opened up the need to benchmark various interventions in the social setup, more so, the means to manage social services like education. Education is a right enshrined in article 26 (1) of the 1948 United Nations Human rights Declaration, and the Constitution of the Republic of Uganda (1995), particularly articles 30, 34(2) and objective XVIII. Uganda’s Vision 2040 asserts that, the education curriculum, examination and instruction methods should always be revised to suit the proposed changes in the education system as well as being responsive to the global demands. The COVID-19 lockdown which took almost two years, introduced non-formal learning through use of internet, radios and televisions but these did not favor rural settings. In Uganda, 55.2 percent of households have radios, 7.2 percent own televisions while 19 percent can access internet with ease. Basing on participatory action design laid on the social learning framework the assumption is that data becomes information only when filtered through a theory of reality that common data is set on the policy environment, yielding diverse political strategies and holding distinct practical programs for implementation if interpreted through different value filters. This intriguing reality led us to visit 25 out of 30 Local Council (LC) one (1) Chairpersons in Kyotera and Kasaali Town Councils and found that each received one copy of learning materials which could be accessed through photocopying yet 10 percent of the beneficiaries could comply. To address the challenge and using these materials, we organized a total of 168 audio lessons for primary one to six; and senior one to three classes which we recorded and saved on memory sticks. We drew a timetable of three hours a day throughout a week and louder speakers were mounted in 11 most rural villages in Kyotera District to deliver lessons. Through interviews conducted on visit of at least one home from a village and from political leaders, testimonies showed that learning took place. Head teachers interviewed [4] also confirmed the same We concluded that through recorded audio lessons, content can well be delivered at any time. We recommend that; Governments, institutions, teachers and other facilitators, should adopt the model to extend learning to beyond classrooms with audio lessons for future use in learning and revisions. This can be through transmission of lessons on simple memory sticks and discs. Stakeholders at all levels of education should be encouraged to appreciate existence of pre- developed lessons and lectures which Amy not require internet connection by teachers -Government Organizations should use the model and fund extension of learning in rural villages in order to affirmatively have all learners supplement on learning obtained from classrooms

Evolution of research related to how a sedentary lifestyle influences the aging process: a bibliometric review

Abstract Aim The world’s population suffers greatly from sedentary lifestyles, which are becoming more common as a result of factors such as a lack of easily accessible places to exercise, a rise in sedentary work practices such as office work, and the pervasive use of television and video devices. Consequently, associated health problems are escalating. The primary goal of this study was to examine the state and features of current trends in international publications regarding the effects of sedentary behavior on the elderly. Subject and methods A bibliometric analysis spanning the years 1994–2022, identifying a total of 311 documents, was carried out using the Web of Science Core Collection. Results The findings showed an exponential increase of 79% from 1997 to the present. The most productive journal categories, authors, and countries were Geriatrics & Gerontology and Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; authors S. Amagasa, N. Fukushima, S. Inoue, and H. Kikuchi; and the United States, respectively. Considerable variation was found in the keywords; “aging” and “sedentary lifestyle” were the most frequent terms, with 97 and 37 instances, respectively. Conclusion Maximum investment in programs promoting physical activity is necessary to improve quality of life as people age. Participants’ mental health will improve as a result of these programs, and their risk of illness will decrease.

The Privacy Price of School Safety Stakeholders' Perceptions Towards the Use of Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) in Schools

CCTV surveillance cameras have played an influential role in safeguarding security, discipline, and a conducive learning environment in Nepali schools. However, as surveillance technology is gradually being installed and used, there is a growing concern about privacy violations. In this context, the article aims to explore the distinct perceptions and understanding of the key stakeholders, namely students, teachers and administrators, regarding using CCTV surveillance technology in their natural setting. This article especially seeks the stakeholders’ perceptions on the impact of surveillance technology on students and teachers about their privacy rights. To meet the objective, I have employed a qualitative study that follows the interpretivists’ research paradigm. I have purposively selected five respondents from each school, incorporating three students and two teaching faculties cum administrative persons. I employed semi-structured interviews at three secondary schools from inner Terai of Nawalpur district. Moreover, I utilized non-participant observation, field notes and google-form as a tool to gather content-rich data and verify the information accumulated through semi-structured interviews, regarding their lived and subjective perceptions about using CCTVs. Findings indicate effectively managing and mitigating various risk factors within schools’ premises, and cultivating a culture of shared responsibilities among students and teachers for building a conducive learning culture in schools. It is also found that surveillance technology in Nepali schools nurtures suspicion among stakeholders, along with acknowledging the importance of comprehensive policy, and students’ privacy concerns to ensure a safe and friendly learning culture.

The Role of Digital Tools in Raising Public Awareness of Family Planning Methods in Tanzania

To address the various complications resulting from poor family planning, the government, and other stakeholders are tirelessly conducting campaigns that will boost awareness and the uptake of family planning methods in society. Apart from the traditional channels of disseminating family planning information such as the use of television and radio, much attention has been directed into the use of digital tools. Following this, the study aimed at examining the role of digital tools in raising public awareness of family planning methods in Tanzania. The study employed a mixed research design that gave out room for collecting and analysing data quantitatively and qualitatively. The main targeted population was the residents who are of reproductive age and a total of 100 residents were contacted. The data collected were analysed descriptively through the use of frequencies and tables. This part mostly included quantitative data. On the other hand, content analysis was applied in analysing the qualitative data. The findings relating to the general objective revealed that digital tools had the potential of playing a great role in disseminating information concerning family planning methods and other related campaigns. The findings revealed that the respondents preferred the use of digital tools in obtaining family planning information compared to the predominantly traditional channels such as television and radio. The study recommended putting more emphasis on the use of digital tools in disseminating family planning information rather than the predominantly traditional channels. In addition, the study recommended more training to the youth and those who are on reproductive health by conducting various social campaigns tailored in promoting awareness of family planning agendas.

Characterization and sources of childhood PAEs exposure from residential airborne dust in China cities

To explore the multicenter characteristics of endocrine-like phthalate esters (PAEs) in household dust and propose effective control strategies for global indoor public health. An on-site observational investigation was conducted in nine Chinese cities from 2018 to 2019. A total of 246 household dust samples were collected and analyzed for ten PAE congeners using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Questionnaires were used to gather information on building conditions, indoor behaviors, and ventilation habits. In residential dust from the nine cities, the total concentrations of the ten PAE congeners (∑PAEs) ranged from 0.921 to 29097.297 µg/g. Dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) and di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were the dominant congeners in ∑PAEs. Childhood exposure to PAEs through dust ingestion was four orders of magnitude higher than through inhalation, with a carcinogenic risk of 5.47 × 10−6 for DEHP exposure in household dust. Higher ∑PAEs concentrations were associated with higher temperature, double glazing, wall paint usage, television and computer use, and indoor plant growth. This multicenter on-site investigation confirmed PAE pollution characteristics and uncovered the inacceptable risk of daily DEHP exposure in household dust under real living conditions. Effective mitigation measures based on household-related information, residential characteristics, decoration materials, and lifestyle should be taken to build a healthy household environment.

The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Catalyst for Increased Consumption in Television and Social Media Usage in Romania

The general perception is that the COVID-19 pandemic led to significant shifts in social media usage patterns, resulting in increased Internet traffic for communication purposes. This study analyses the use of social media and television by the Romanian population before (in 2018), during (in 2020), and after (in 2023) the COVID-19 lockdown. The results indicate that during and after the lockdown, the most frequently used social networking sites and mobile apps in Romania were Facebook and WhatsApp. TikTok experienced a significant increase in user registrations, surpassing Instagram. Despite the presumption that TV lost market share compared to the Internet, television not only remained the most utilised medium, but TV consumption increased during and after the pandemic. The data was collected by the media agency Dentsu Romania, combining information obtained from BRAT (Biroul Român de Audit Transmedia) and Dentsu Romania, based on a collection methodology involving online and face-to-face interviews, on a representative sample of the Romanian population. BRAT and Dentsu Romania media consumption data was cross-referenced with information on consumption behaviour monitored through people meters by ARMA (Asociația Română pentru Măsurarea Audiențelor).

Bridging the gap between criminology and computer vision: A multidisciplinary approach to curb gun violence

Gun violence significantly threatens tens of thousands of people annually in the United States. This paper proposes a multidisciplinary approach to address this issue. Specifically, we bridge the gap between criminology and computer vision by exploring the applicability of firearm object detection algorithms to the criminal justice system. By situating firearm object detection algorithms in situational crime prevention, we outline how they could enhance the current use of closed-circuit television (CCTV) systems to mitigate gun violence. We elucidate our approach to training a firearm object detection algorithm and describe why its results are meaningful to scholars beyond the realm of computer vision. Lastly, we discuss limitations associated with object detection algorithms and why they are valuable to criminal justice practices.

Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Anger and Life Satisfaction among Children Aged 10-12 years old in Preveza

IntroductionChildren, who are particularly vulnerable in emergency situations, need tailored mental health strategies.ObjectivesWe investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on anger and life satisfaction in children.MethodsSeptember 2021, we conducted a cross-sectional study in Preveza, Greece, interviewing 91 students aged 10-12 years from four elementary schools. The survey included socio-demographic questions, the Anger Expression Scale for Children (AESC), and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). AESC scores range from 6 to 30 indicating anger severity, while SWLS scores between 5-9 signify extreme dissatisfaction and 31-35 extreme satisfaction.Results Significant correlations were found between the number of siblings (p 0.004), duration of electronic play (p 0.005), and duration of sleep (p 0.014) with life satisfaction. Children without siblings, with limited play consumption, and early bedtimes had lower life satisfaction. The presence of a television in their room (p 0.027) and daily use of television and social media (p 0.007) correlated with anger management and behavior. Social media/TV use was associated with better anger management.ConclusionsDespite the pandemic lasting almost two years, children’s anger levels in Preveza remained stable, possibly due to outdoor activities and online interactions. These findings provide insights for policy makers, healthcare professionals, and parents seeking to improve anger management of children.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Technology in the courtroom: challenges with presenting children’s evidence

ABSTRACT Legislation permits or requires the use of audio-visual recordings and closed-circuit television where child witnesses give evidence in certain matters. Since its introduction, problems with the technology have been reported, such as poor audio-visual quality and connectivity issues, causing trial delays and exacerbating witness anxiety. This study analyses the perceptions of 18 professionals (n = 18) across 5 Australian jurisdictions (Queensland, the Northern Territory, the Australian Capital Territory, South Australia and Western Australia) who regularly work with the technology. We used non-directive prompts to determine what problems (if any) still exist in Australian courtrooms, the cause and impact of these problems, and potential solutions. Key themes emerged in the analysis. Problems were still commonplace, which included operator error, quality of the recordings, and issues with the recording technology and devices. The detrimental impacts of these problems included added stress to court employees and witnesses, extended and disrupted trial proceedings, poor quality evidence, and added costs of fixing problems. Tangible recommendations for change were provided by the participants, and the overall findings and their implications were discussed.

Peran Orang Tua dalam Membentuk Karakter Anak Usia Dini di Desa Sipaho Kecamatan Halongonan Kabupaten Padang Lawas Utara

This research aims to: (1) identify the role of parents in shaping a child's character (2) describe the exemplary behavior of parents in shaping a child's character (3) describe the habits of parents in shaping a child's character (4) describe the supporting and inhibiting factors of parents in shaping a child's character. This type of research uses a qualitative method. In collecting data, the researcher uses observation, interviews, and documentation methods. Based on the research results, parents play a significant role in the process of shaping a child's character. They focus on the child's conditions, understand their nature, and provide good examples to the child. The exemplary behavior and habits of parents in shaping a child's character include introducing God's commands to the child through worship, mutual respect, and courtesy. Children are also accustomed to applying these in their daily lives. Supporting factors in shaping a child's character include a good family and community environment, as well as support from the family. Meanwhile, inhibiting factors include excessive television and smartphone use, children playing too much, parental busyness, and a less favorable peer environment. The results of this research are expected to help parents understand their responsibilities and obligations to their children, as well as to prepare good education from an early age to shape the character and behavior of the child for their future development.

The effectiveness of auricular neuromodulation in childhood and adolescent obesity

detrimental to a child's health. This condition predominantly stems from an interplay of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Key contributors include unhealthy dietary habits, insufficient physical activity, and prolonged engagement in sedentary activities, such as excessive use of mobile phones, computers, and television. Childhood obesity predisposes individuals to a spectrum of health complications, including cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, and respiratory disorders. Additionally, it is associated with various psychological and social challenges. The rising prevalence of childhood obesity underscores its seriousness as a growing public health concern, with long-term implications for the health and well-being of affected children. Results: The review identified four surveys that met the predefined outcomes. These studies provided substantial evidence supporting the use of auricular neuromodulation in addressing childhood obesity. Each of the four studies was a randomized clinical trial, focusing on children and adolescents who underwent auricular neuromodulation. This procedure involved the use of vaccaria (plant seeds), metal pellets and mustard seeds. The participants in this study were divided into two subgroups. The first group received intervention with the use of vaccaria and the second group was the control group where there was no intervention. This design facilitated the comparison of the given intervention against alternative treatments. The primary outcome measures included anthropometric parameters and assessments of body image, self-esteem, and depressive symptoms. Conclusion: Recent studies have demonstrated that auricular neuromodulation using vaccaria seeds, mustard seeds and metal pellets yields positive results in treating childhood obesity. This conclusion is based on anthropometric outcome measures. These findings suggest that such neuromodulation techniques can be a viable option in the physiotherapeutic treatment of obesity in children and adolescents.

Анализ популярности казахоязычного контента на телевидении

Undoubtedly, the development of the state language has a significant role in the formation of the cultural and national identity of the country. In this regard, television, due to its great popularity and prevalence, has a significant impact on the promotion of the Kazakh language and its popularization among the population. For this reason, the use of television, as a powerful tool for promoting and maintaining the Kazakh language, is one of the key strategies in the state information policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan.This article presents an analysis of trends in the Kazakh television space. The study includes an analysis of the rating indicators of the most popular Kazakh and Russian television channels, providing statistical data as evidence of how popular content in the Kazakh language is compared to content in other languages in the context of the genre focus of television programs and regional divisions of the country.Overall, the article makes an important contribution to understanding the impact of television content on the cultural and linguistic environment of Kazakhstan and offers practical recommendations for the development of media strategies that promote the promotion of the Kazakh language.The purpose of this study is to determine the level of popularity of television programs in the Kazakh language in various regions of Kazakhstan, as well as their impact on the promotion of the state language.

Breaking news: Television in Baz Luhrmann’s William Shakespeare’s Romeo + Juliet

The story of film’s relationship with television is long and fraught, a story of close alliances and indeed desired assimilation (of films on the small screen, or of studios owning stations), as well as of bitter rivalries (for viewers) with disastrous consequences (like Mankiewicz’s dispendious and Shakespeare-inspired Cleopatra (1963) and its effect on Fox studios): a tale, in short, not entirely dissimilar to the legendary Romeo and Juliet. As such, viewers perhaps should not have been surprised that Baz Luhrmann, whose work has been largely characterized by surprising associations, would have begun his rendition of the classic tale with the image of a television set automatically turning on and revealing a newscaster whose “news” is the play’s prologue. In so doing, Luhrmann makes the news not the story itself, but rather the way it is conveyed – “the medium is the message”, as McLuhan would say, and the well-known tale is made new through mingling these media. From this perspective, the television becomes a defining characteristic of this film’s rendition of Luhrmann’s Red Curtain aesthetic. By bookending the film with a camera dollying first towards and finally away from the television set, the director foregrounds television, first as object, and then as aesthetic, in this performance of Shakespeare’s classic tale. Though television may seem peripheral (both literally and thematically) in the film, I argue that Luhrmann’s use of television and its multiplicity of genres and tropes are actually central to its politics of adaptation.

Szülői attitűdök, magatartásformák a tévéhasználatra vonatkozóan egy székelyföldi településen

In my study, I analyse parental attitudes towards children's TV watching in a suburban settlement. I analyze two components of parental attitudes. In my research, I conducted semi-structured interviews with mothers from Sângeorgiu de Mureș who have children in grades 5-8 and attend an educational institution in the settlement. The interviews were structured around three main themes: how parents think about their children's time in front of the television, what kind of regulation they use when it comes to deciding about their children's time in front of the television and when it comes to deciding about content consumption. In my study, I use the resulting text data to analyse statements about children's television use and identify parental attitudes.

Attitudes among the Australian public toward AI and CCTV in suicide prevention research: A mixed methods study.

Research is underway exploring the use of closed-circuit television (CCTV) cameras and artificial intelligence (AI) for suicide prevention research in public locations where suicides occur. Given the sensitive nature and potential implications of this research, this study explored ethical concerns the public may have about research of this nature. Developed based on the principle of respect, a survey was administered to a representative sample of 1,096 Australians to understand perspectives on the research. The sample was aged 18 and older, 53% female, and 9% ethnic minority. Following an explanatory mixed methods approach, interviews and a focus group were conducted with people with a lived experience of suicide and first responders to contextualize the findings. There were broad levels of acceptance among the Australian public. Younger respondents, females, and those declining to state their ethnicity had lower levels of acceptance of CCTV research using AI for suicide prevention. Those with lived experience of suicide had higher acceptance. Qualitative data indicated concern regarding racial bias in AI and police response to suicidal crises and the need for lived experience involvement in the development and implementation of any resulting interventions. Broad public acceptance of the research aligns with the principle of respect for persons. Beneficence emerged in the context of findings emphasizing the importance of meaningfully including people with lived experience in the development and implementation of interventions resulting from this research, while justice emerged in themes expressing concerns about racial bias in AI and police response to mental health crises. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

A Review on -Communicative English for Engineers

Communication is commonly defined as the transmission of information. Its precise definition is disputed and there are disagreements about whether unintentional or failed transmissions are included and whether communication not only transmits meaning but also creates it. Models of communication are simplified overviews of its main components and their interactions. Many models include the idea that a source uses a coding system to express information in the form of a message. The message is sent through a channel to a receiver who has to decode it to understand it. The main field of inquiry investigating communication is called communication studies. A common way to classify communication is by whether information is exchanged between humans, members of other species, or non-living entities such as computers. For human communication, a central contrast is between verbal and non-verbal communication. Verbal communication involves the exchange of messages in linguistic form, including spoken and written messages as well as sign language. Non-verbal communication happens without the use of a linguistic system, for example, using body language, touch, and facial expressions. Another distinction is between interpersonal communication, which happens between distinct persons, and intrapersonal communication, which is communication with oneself. Communicative competence is the ability to communicate well and applies to the skills of formulating messages and understanding them. Non-human forms of communication include animal and plant communication. Researchers in this field often refine their definition of communicative behavior by including the criteria that observable responses are present and that the participants benefit from the exchange. Animal communication is used in areas like courtship and mating, parent–offspring relations, navigation, and self-defense. Communication through chemicals is particularly important for the relatively immobile plants. For example, maple trees release so-called volatile organic compounds into the air o warn other plants of a herbivore attack. Most communication takes place between members of the same species. The reason is that its purpose is usually some form of cooperation, which is not as common between different species. Interspecies communication happens mainly in cases of symbiotic relationships. For instance, many flowers use symmetrical shapes and distinctive colors to signal to insects where nectar is located. Humans engage in interspecies communication when interacting with pets and working animals. Human communication has a long history and how people exchange information has changed over time. These changes were usually triggered by the development of new communication technologies. Examples are the invention of writing systems, the development of mass printing, the use of radio and television, and the invention of the internet. The technological advances also led to new forms of communication, such as the exchange of data between computers.

Screen Time and Autism Spectrum Disorder

Contemporary studies raise concerns regarding the implications of excessive screen time on the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the existing literature consists of mixed and unquantified findings. To conduct a systematic review and meta-analyis of the association between screen time and ASD. A search was conducted in the PubMed, PsycNET, and ProQuest Dissertation & Theses Global databases for studies published up to May 1, 2023. The search was conducted independently by 2 authors. Included studies comprised empirical, peer-reviewed articles or dissertations published in English with statistics from which relevant effect sizes could be calculated. Discrepancies were resolved by consensus. This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline. Two authors independently coded all titles and abstracts, reviewed full-text articles against the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and resolved all discrepancies by consensus. Effect sizes were transformed into log odds ratios (ORs) and analyzed using a random-effects meta-analysis and mixed-effects meta-regression. Study quality was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) approach. Publication bias was tested via the Egger z test for funnel plot asymmetry. Data analysis was performed in June 2023. The 2 main variables of interest in this study were screen time and ASD. Screen time was defined as hours of screen use per day or per week, and ASD was defined as an ASD clinical diagnosis (yes or no) or ASD symptoms. The meta-regression considered screen type (ie, general use of screens, television, video games, computers, smartphones, and social media), age group (children vs adults or heterogenous age groups), and type of ASD measure (clinical diagnosis vs ASD symptoms). Of the 4682 records identified, 46 studies with a total of 562 131 participants met the inclusion criteria. The studies were observational (5 were longitudinal and 41 were cross-sectional) and included 66 relevant effect sizes. The meta-analysis resulted in a positive summary effect size (log OR, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.34 to 0.74]). A trim-and-fill correction for a significant publication bias (Egger z = 2.15; P = .03) resulted in a substantially decreased and nonsignificant effect size (log OR, 0.22 [95% CI, -0.004 to 0.44]). The meta-regression results suggested that the positive summary effect size was only significant in studies targeting general screen use (β [SE] = 0.73 [0.34]; t58 = 2.10; P = .03). This effect size was most dominant in studies of children (log OR, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.66 to 1.29]). Interestingly, a negative summary effect size was observed in studies investigating associations between social media and ASD (log OR, -1.24 [95% CI, -1.51 to -0.96]). The findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that the proclaimed association between screen use and ASD is not sufficiently supported in the existing literature. Although excessive screen use may pose developmental risks, the mixed findings, the small effect sizes (especially when considering the observed publication bias), and the correlational nature of the available research require further scientific investigation. These findings also do not rule out the complementary hypothesis that children with ASD may prioritize screen activities to avoid social challenges.

Strategies For Managing Disruptive Behaviours Among Public Secondary Schools’ Students in Classrooms in Kogi East Education Zone Nigeria

The study investigated strategies for managing disruptive behaviours among public secondary school students in classrooms in Kogi East Education Zone. The purpose of the study was to find out the causative factors responsible for students’ classroom disruptive behaviours and strategies to be adopted by public secondary school teachers in the management of students’ classroom disruptive behaviours. Two research questions guided the study. A descriptive survey design was adopted. The population of the study consisted of 2434 teaching staff from 208 secondary schools in the Kogi East education zone. A sample of 400 teachers representing 16% was purposively selected for the study. The Disruptive Behaviour Management Questionnaire (DBMQ) was used as an instrument for data collection. Mean and standard deviation was used to answer the research questions that guided the study with a benchmark of 2.50 for acceptance and rejection. It was revealed from the analysis that (1) hereditary factors, visual disability, mental disability, excessive intelligent quotient in an individual student, exposure of students to the use of computers, television, radios, internet, mobile phones and frustration resulting from emotional to be the causative factors responsible for students’ classroom disruptive behaviours in Kogi East Education Zone. (2) Finding the cause, inducing the desirable behaviour, eliminating the undesired behaviour, systematic desensitization, ignoring strategy, dealing directly with persistent behaviours and monitoring techniques to be strategies for managing students’ disruptive behaviours in the classroom in Kogi East Education Zone. Some recommendations were also made.

Public perception of the use of television in promoting healthy water consumption

The Mass Media plays a crucial role in advocacy and publicity, influencing people's mindset and perceptions, thereby affecting their behavior. This study focuses on understanding the public perception of television's role in promoting healthy water consumption in Kaduna state, with the aim of managing solid incidents. Using the magic bullet theory of the press and a survey research design, 60 respondents were sampled through stratified sampling. The study revealed that television programs enlighten people about the importance of using hygienic water and increase their knowledge about water usage. It concludes that television is instrumental in achieving SDG goals by propagating the significance of healthy water consumption among Kaduna state residents. The study recommends that all media organizations in Kaduna state should implement similar programs to raise awareness about the importance of clean drinking water. Additionally, television programs should educate the public about water contamination and its effects on human health.

Mediation of Parental Aggravation in the Association Between ADHD Severity and Electronic Media Use: A National Survey of Children’s Health Study

Objective: To determine whether the association between ADHD severity and electronic media use was mediated by parental aggravation. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis from the 2016 to 2017 National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) involving children ages of 3 to 17 years with parent-reported ADHD (n = 5,930). Path analyses were used to model the relationships between ADHD severity with parental aggravation (PA) as a mediator, and electronic device (ED) and television (TV) use as outcomes, controlling for covariates. Results: Parental aggravation mediated the relationship between ADHD severity and ED use and TV use (indirect effects: β = .02, p < .001; β = .01, p = .004). When stratified by age, the mediation effect between ADHD and ED use remained significant for adolescents and school-age children, and mediation between ADHD and TV use remained significant only for adolescents. Conclusion: These findings suggest a need to develop targeted interventions to address PA and manage excessive electronic media use in children with moderate/severe ADHD.