Use Of Verbal Expressions Research Articles

Ideology in Marine Ritual Discourse of Acehnese Speech Community

This study is about what particular people belong to the particular ethnic have in mind as their ideology to see the environment, reflected from traditional fishing ritual in Acehnese speech community under the eco-linguistic perspective. In addition, with reference to social praxis, ecolinguistics recognizes three dimensions, namely ideological, sociological, and biological dimensions relating to the exploitation of the environment for fishing through ritual speech. The purpose of this study is to determine the ideology reflected in the speech. The study employed a qualitative research methodology, utilizing a phenomenological approach. The study makes use of verbal expressions expressed by naval commanders, gathered through a combination of participatory observation and comprehensive interviews at a central location of fish market and sanctuary in Banda Aceh, Aceh Indonesia. The data collected serve as the basis for the analysis and interpretation of the research findings. The respected ideology was then compared to the concept of ecosophy. The results of the analysis show that the ritual holistically contains the ideology of environmental preservation. The efforts to assist the natural, social, and spiritual preservations, specifically in marine environments, are obviously detected in the discourse. The ideology offered is in accordance with the concept of ecosophy, which includes beneficial discourse. However, part of the utterances also reflect the ambivalent discourse, but not the destructive one.

Hate Speech Recognition: The Role of Empathy and Awareness of Social Media Influence

RICONOSCIMENTO DELL’HATE SPEECH: IL RUOLO DELL’EMPATIA E DELLA CONSAPEVOLEZZA DELL’INFLUENZA DEI SOCIAL MEDIA Abstract Hate speech occurs within democratic societies that embrace freedom of expression and is made tangible in the social network context. It is characterized by a specific form of discrimination based on the use of verbal expressions or other media content and, usually, directed at minority groups. Although there is a lack of consensus about a unique and shared definition of hate speech, its social and personal consequences are particularly relevant for the whole society. For these reasons, it seems of crucial importance to identify hate speech recognition antecedents. The present study aimed at analyzing the relationship between hate speech recognition and specific psychological constructs, namely, empathy and awareness of social media influence. More in details, we hypothesized the association between empathy and hate speech recognition was mediated by awareness of social media influence. Data obtained from 146 participants revealed that empathy positively predicted hate speech recognition, and such relationship was mediated by awareness. Implication of such findings are discussed.

The language of accurate and inaccurate eyewitnesses.

This article uses machine-learning techniques to examine people's use of verbal expressions of confidence. Across the field of academic psychology, it is often assumed that such statements reflect the same underlying information as numeric confidence ratings. We show that verbal confidence is not redundant with numeric confidence but instead contributes unique diagnostic value in predicting the accuracy of a response. We use eyewitness confidence in a lineup identification as our model paradigm. There is potentially great applied value in developing a machine-learning algorithm that can predict eyewitness identification accuracy, such as by reducing false convictions. To this end, we applied a machine-learning methodology to investigate the natural language of accurate and inaccurate eyewitnesses. This method revealed that verbal confidence statements provide rich diagnostic information about the likely accuracy of eyewitness identifications. Moreover, verbal confidence statements provide unique diagnostic information that traditional indicators of identification accuracy such as numeric confidence ratings and response times do not provide. However, the diagnostic value of an eyewitness confidence statement depends in part on the face recognition ability of the eyewitness: The natural language of strong face recognizers is more diagnostic than the natural language of weak face recognizers. These results are theoretically interesting but, from an applied perspective, this machine-learning methodology may prove useful to those in the criminal justice system who must evaluate eyewitnesses' verbal confidence statements. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Differences in perceived loudness between men and women: A cross-cultural comparison among Japanese, Chinese, and Malaysians

Previously, we investigated gender difference in loudness perception among Japanese and Chinese. Among Chinese, female participants tended to assigned higher loudness scores than did males for the same sound. That difference was also evident when a ratio scale, such as magnitude estimation, was used to evaluate loudness. However, among Japanese, that difference was not clearly observed when the ratio scale was applied. To examine factors affecting gender differences in loudness perception, we conducted the same rating experiments among Malaysian males and females. We found that a rating experiment using the verbal interval scale showed that the female Malaysian participants tended to rate the same sounds as louder than did males. In one test, we measured the limit of sound pressure level that would be perceived as soft or as loud: we observed the above gender differences with the lowest limit of loud sound. However, that gender difference did not emerge in the rating experiments using the ratio scale. The tendency we recorded among Malaysians was the same as Japanese. Thus, differences in judging loudness between males and females may actually reflect differences in the use of verbal expressions rather than differences in perception.

FLOUTING OF GRICEANS MAXIMS IN COMEDY DRAMAS

The only way to be successful now days in every field of life is the effective use of verbal expression. Language serves as a toolkit to inform, reveal, explore, expose, explain, manipulate, exaggerate, intensify, mitigate and what not. It has every hidden potential to serve its users. Significance of this toolkit of language can also be a bravura feature in gaining comic and/or tragic effects in media. The language of the media violates its few communicative principles which can be termed as Gricean cooperative principle, to serve the specific interests via playing upon the common use of language. The present study explores the intricacies involved in any communication to achieve comic effects. For this purpose, Gricean maxims have been investigated thoroughly with the help of Pakistani comedy show “Bulbulay” which is a famous TV series all over the country. The TV series is considered to be popular among the masses due to its different and unique language that is achieved by flouting the maxims in Gricean’s terminology. The study explains the inimitable ways of achieving comic effects in series and also suggests further work on other areas regarding the unusual use of language to achieve desired results.

Developing the Scale of Problem-Solving Skills for Secondary School-Aged Deaf and Hard of Hearing Students

The scales for measuring problem-solving skills developed for students without impairment do not seem to include essential criteria for measuring the problem-solving skills of secondary school-aged students with hearing impairment. In order to compensate for these lacks and accurately measure these students’ problem-solving skills, a scale of problem-solving skills proposed by secondary school curriculums has been developed. The scale includes texts complying with sign language, its visual components are advanced and the use of verbal expressions is decreased for the secondary school-aged deaf and hard-of-hearing students. The data was collected using the Scale of Problem Solving for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing (SPSDH) and a personal information form. The sample of this research consisted of 73 students. In order to ensure the construct validity of the test, item analysis was carried out. The outcome of the formula showed that KR-20 internal consistency coefficient was .704 for 8 items. According to the item analysis, the average item difficulty and discrimination indices of the test were calculated as 0.46 and 0.63 respectively. These results show that the items able to distinguish the students in terms of their problem-solving skills. The findings obtained from the present study reveal that the SPSDH is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used to determine the problem-solving skills of secondary school-aged deaf and hard-of-hearing students.