Use Of Transport Infrastructure Research Articles

Overview Implementation of Precast U-Ditch Drainage Construction on Jalan Otto Iskandardinata

The increasing use of transportation infrastructure in Indonesia demands the development of facilities and infrastructure to enhance the quality of public services. Kalimantan Timur is a rapidly growing province. The rising population of Kalimantan Timur necessitates the construction of supportive facilities and infrastructure. Drainage refers to the action or process of draining/disposing of water, resulting from human activities like household wastewater, industrial wastewater, as well as natural processes such as rain, water accumulation, floods, and groundwater level reduction. The Drainage Project aims to improve the drainage system to reduce flood and waterlogging risks while preserving water quality, accommodating the growth of the population and the need for supporting infrastructure like housing, schools, and healthcare facilities. In the Drainage Development Project on Jalan Otto Iskandardinata, the precast concrete method with dimensions of 100x70x20 is used. The implementation of the U-Ditch Precast Drainage Project on Jalan Otto Iskandardinata is expected to alleviate flood issues. Before commencing the work, various tests such as the Slump Test, Compressive Strength Test, Hammer Test, and Tensile Strength Test are conducted to ensure compliance with the required specifications. Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) measures have been applied to the Drainage Project. Each stage of the project's implementation must be supervised by field inspectors to ensure the project runs smoothly and meets the required quality standards.

Do High-Speed Rail Networks Promote Coupling Coordination between Employment and Industry Output? A Study Based on Evidence from China

The sustainable development of China’s economy requires better allocation of labor across regions and sectors in the face of the vanishing of demographic dividends. Based on the panel data of 276 cities from 2007 to 2019, this study explores the influence of China’s high-speed rail network on the coupling coordination level between employment and output in different industries. This paper has also tested the dynamics of this effect with four different time periods. The heterogeneity of levels of city clusters is also investigated by dividing all the city samples into four groups according to the levels of city clusters, namely first tier, second tier, third tier, and non-cluster. The following conclusions are drawn. First, a high-speed rail network only positively influences the employment–output coupling coordination level of the tertiary industry while having a negative effect on the other two. Second, the higher the level of city cluster that one city has, the greater the impact of the high-speed rail. Third, the high-speed rail network’s positive effect on the secondary industry tends to become negative in the longer term, while the positive impact on the tertiary industry lasts. This study provides a reference for making full use of transport infrastructures to promote the reasonable distribution of labor resources.

Decarbonising mobility in port cities

Ports play an important role in the European transport decarbonisation agenda. Due to the complex characteristics of ports, coordinated and holistic approaches between port authorities and municipalities are of utmost relevance to tackle greenhouse gas emissions reduction. This paper analyses the mobility challenges of a port city and associated carbon dioxide CO2 emissions. The specific objectives of this research are: firstly, to study the implementation of integrated mobility measures in ports to reduce the carbon footprint by promoting an efficient use of transport infrastructure and smart mobility strategies to/from/in the port; secondly, to define and implement electric mobility and digitalization solutions for transport in ports (including the connection between the city and the port). The traffic modelling software PTV VISSIM and the Vehicle Specific Power methodology were used to estimate the emissions of the vehicles present in the road network of a study area. The methodology was applied to the case study of Aveiro, Portugal, which has a port located 8 km from the city centre. The baseline scenario and three alternative scenarios: implementation of electric mobility; digitalization of work patterns through remote work; and mobility-as-a-service (MaaS) were defined. Results showed a reduction in pollutant emissions in all tested scenarios in comparison with the baseline scenario.

Повышение качества транспортных услуг на основе развития железнодорожной инфраструктуры Сибирского федерального округа

The article describes the degree of influence of the level of transport infrastructure development on the quality of transportation services provided to the population. It analyzes the state of infrastructure in the Siberian Fed-eral District for all types of transport, and considers a risk-oriented approach to traffic safety in railway transport as an internal control of service quality indicators. According to the results of the factor analysis of train traffic safety risks of the activity of the West Siberian Engineering Structures Division, the problematic risk factors af-fecting the quality level of the indicator “Reliability” are determined. The integral assessment of the quality of services provided for the use of transport infrastructure and the significance of risk factors in relation to the achievement of the reference state of the quality criterion “Safety” are determined. Long-term corrective measures of transport infrastructure development aimed at improving the quality of services in general are examined.

Trends in Russian Logistics Development: Forecasts and Reality

The goal of the article is to analyze forecasts and actual development of Russian logistics on the basis of concrete example, figures, quotations and references to research. Today Russian logistics is passing the stage of active development, however, there are a lot of challenges and problems that should be overcome. A key trend in Russian logistics development is digitalization and introduction of new technologies. According to the research conducted by the Committee on Logistics Development, in 2020 about 78% of logistical market participants in Russia supported introduction of digital innovation in their work. It can cut costs of transportation, raise process efficiency and improve the quality of customer service. However, Russian logistics has not reached its full potential in this field. Key problems are poor introduction of advanced information technologies and undeveloped digital infrastructure. According to the research published by the journal ‘Logistics and Managing Supply Chains’ in 2021 only 25% of logistic companies in Russia use systems of managing storehouses and transport on the basis of artificial transportation, which allows companies to cut delivery period and provide more efficient use of transport infrastructure. According to Rosgosstrakh research in 2020, the volume of multimodal transportation in Russia grew by 15% in comparison with the previous year. However, the Federal Agency on Air Service reports that the development of infrastructure for multimodal transportation is not sufficient. A lot of Russian regions face the absence of connections between various types of transport, which can cause delays and higher delivery cost. We should also point out that Russian logistics still encounters problems with logistical costs. According to the research of ‘The International Journal of Economics and Management’ in 2020 Russia takes the 92nd place by the index of logistical costs among 160 countries. The key reasons for high costs are inefficient use of resources and weak coordination among participants of the logistic chain. The development of Russian logistics supposes introduction of digital technologies, rise in the share of multimodal transportation and cutting logistic costs. Along with this it is necessary to overcome a number of problems, such as low level of digital infrastructure and weal coordination in the logistic chain. It will require joint efforts on the part of government, business and education institutions.

JUSTIFICATION OF THE SYSTEM OF INDICATORS FOR MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATIVE AND INVESTMENT DEVELOPMENT OF RAILWAY TRANSPORT

Purpose. Production and economic activity and the formation of the organizational and economic mechanism of the functioning of enterprises of the track complex of the multi-branch railway transport system, based on the need for scientifically based planning, based on the need to meet the requirements proposed by the enterprises of operational activity. In the new conditions of infrastructure operation, one more requirement has been added - the establishment of a non-discriminatory fee for access to infrastructure facilities, which supports the principle of ensuring the price competitiveness of railway transport. This means the need to develop methodological provisions for determining estimated prices for the use of transport infrastructure, which are based on a detailed study and analysis of the cost structure of railway infrastructure enterprises. The purpose of this article is to develop and substantiate a certain system of indicators that would objectively reflect the essence and effectiveness of managing the innovative and investment development of railway transport in modern conditions. Method. Research methodology involves the use of methods: empirical research (comparison, observation), theoretical research (ascending from the abstract to the concrete), general scientific methods (abstraction and concretization, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analogy), etc. The results. The key elements of costs of railway transport enterprises have been determined. Only with the implementation of a joint mechanism for planning operational costs of railway transport enterprises and operator companies is it possible to solve the complex task of reducing costs, reducing cost, increasing the volume of transportation, effective management of innovation and investment development, and increasing the competitiveness of railway transport. Scientific novelty. an algorithm for the use of tools for substantiating the system of indicators for the management of innovation and investment development of railway transport was developed. Practical significance. The originality and practical value of the research lies in the fact that the article systematizes the key performance indicators of railway transport enterprises, which affect their productivity and efficiency.

Analisis Tarif Ideal Angkutan Barang Lintas Banjarmasin – Amuntai

Tariff is the level of price or fee paid by users of goods transport services per unit trip, weight or per unit volume per kilometer. Because the tariff is intended to encourage the creation of optimum use of transportation infrastructure and facilities by considering the traffic concerned. In calculating the cost (transportation rate) of goods using an approach to vehicle production costs, it means that the ideal freight rate is determined based on vehicle operating costs plus a number of percentages of management and profits that are allowed. This case study reviews the special freight rates for the Banjarmasin – Amuntai route along 200 km. by land transportation. Where in this case, due to low tariffs, the tendency of owners of transportation services to increase the number of transport loads, one of the impacts on road network infrastructure is not achieving the planned age of the road construction. The calculation of transportation rates refers to the technical guidelines for determining tariffs for goods and passengers from the Director General of Land Transportation of the Ministry of Transportation with three basic components, namely ownership costs, fixed costs and vehicle operating costs. From the combination of the three components, the basic tariff value for goods transportation from Banjarmasin - Amuntai per kilogram is Rp.681.39 so that the expedition company can determine the ideal tariff according to the level of service to service users

The Economic Recovery from Traffic Restriction Policies during the COVID-19 through the Perspective of Regional Differences and Sustainable Development: Based on Human Mobility Data in China

In the post-epidemic era, balancing epidemic prevention and control with sustainable economic development has become a serious challenge for all countries around the world. In China, a range of interventions include detection policies, clinical treatment policies, and most notably, traffic policies have been carried out for epidemic prevention and control. It has been widely confirmed that massive traffic restriction policies effectively brought the spread of the pandemic under control. However, restrictions on the use of transportation infrastructure undermine the smooth functioning of the economy. Particularly, China has a vast territory, with provinces differing in economic development, leading industries and transportation infrastructure; economic shock varies from region to region. In this case, targeted policies are the key to sustainable development. This paper sets forth advice for the Chinese government on its measures to boost the economy by analyzing regional differences in the impact of massive traffic restriction policies, based on large-scale human mobility data. After applying the Data Envelopment Analysis model, we classify Chinese provinces into different regions from the perspective of economic gradient, degree of internationalization and level of traffic convenience, respectively. Classification results are matched with the indicators of New Venues Created and the weekly Volumes of Visits to Venues from Baidu Maps. We find that the regional differences in the recovery of investment and consumption levels are striking. Based on the findings, we suggest that the government should adjust the intensity of traffic restrictions and economic stimulus policies dynamically according to regional differences to achieve sustainable economic development.

Biodiversity and Transportation Infrastructure in the Republic of Korea: A Review on Impacts and Mitigation in Developing the Country

The construction and continued use of transportation infrastructure, specifically roads, has had a significant global impact on biodiversity and the environment. The Republic of Korea, or South Korea, has a road density of 1.13 km/km2. So far, three nationwide studies about vertebrate road-killed species have been reported, showing bias towards medium to large mammals, the most common victims being the Korean water deer (Hydropotes inermis), Korean hare (Lepus coreanus), Siberian roe deer (Capreolus pygargus), and the common raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides). Road-kills, or wildlife-vehicle collisions (WVCs), tend to occur in or near preferred habitat types or in highly fragmented areas, with roads additionally being linked to habitat fragmentation and loss. Alongside WVCs and habitat effects, information about other adverse effects on biodiversity is scant, although there are reports that heavy metals and other pollutants from road runoff impact marine biodiversity, vegetation, soil, and groundwater. Furthermore, roads have been linked to a prevalence of invasive plant species. To mitigate road impacts, the South Korean government has constructed, with mixed results, 530 wildlife crossing structures, mainly including overpasses and tunnels. To mitigate road impacts more effectively, the country will need more construction, monitoring, and consistent management of wildlife crossing structures. Further, incorporating plans for wildlife crossing structures in early stages of road development will be required.

Why so few EVs are in Kuwait and how to amend it

The automotive industry is at a crossroad. Electric Vehicles (EV) now pose an existential threat to the Internal Combustion Engine (ICE). In some Northern European nations over 50% of new cars sold are EVs, owing in large part to substantial financial incentives to buy and own an EV, such as tax discounts when purchasing an EV, fuel savings, and preferential use of transportation infrastructure. These countries have pledged to cease all imports of non-EVs by 2035. On the other end of the spectrum are Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, where EVs account for less than 1 percent of vehicles on the road, due in large part to financial and non-financial impediments to buying and owning an EV. In addition, the price per kilometer driven in the GCC is considerably lower with gasoline than with electricity, which contradicts the European experience where cost savings from electricity versus gasoline can be around 8 to 1. Furthermore, as there is an absence of purchase and ownership/utilization taxation of vehicles in the GCC, no tax discount can be levied, in contrast to the EV tax incentives common in Europe. This paper explores which qualities of driving and owning an EV in the GCC are necessary to persuade certain kinds of new automobile consumers to pay a higher purchasing price for owning an EV as opposed to an ICE, in spite of higher costs for electricity compared to gasoline per kilometer driven. This pilot study attempts to provide an insight to new car purchasing behavior among consumers in Kuwait via a qualitative innovative approach known as ‘Q Methodology’. Interestingly, the factors that emerged from the research represent three subjective perspectives of new car purchase in Kuwait which were labeled as Factor 1, ‘Value Seeker’; Factor 2, ‘Safety Seeker’; and Factor 3, ‘Performance Seeker’. The study concludes that given financial constraints, the ‘Value Seeker’ group is not likely to become an early adopter of EVs in the GCC region. Conversely, the ‘Performance Seeker’, which includes mainly younger men who are more likely to view the fast acceleration of EVs as a deciding factor, and the ‘Safety Seekers’, who are mainly younger women who would value the environmental aspects of EVs as well as the quiet driving experience and low maintenance requirements are determining factors for EV adoption in the GCC region in the future.

Welcome and unwelcome connections: travelling post-Soviet roads in Kyrgyzstan

ABSTRACT In this article we discuss how infrastructural connections – here the ‘northbound’ and ‘southbound’ sections of a transregional road crossing the mountainous district of Toghuz-Toro in central Kyrgyzstan – become sites where identities can be either confirmed or contested. Linking this district with places that figure prominently in the symbolic geography of Kyrgyzstan, which divides the country into North and South, the two sections of road are inherently enmeshed in regional identity politics. Further, the article considers how the inhabitants of Toghuz-Toro take care of their own mobility and preserve desired connections in a harsh terrain, in the absence of state-managed public transport, and in a situation that sees only rudimentary road maintenance. It shows that technologies such as mobile Internet, and social media such as Facebook, have engendered a profound transformation in the use of transport infrastructure, breathing new life into journeys along the old, dilapidated post-Soviet roads.

Predicting traffic demand during hurricane evacuation using Real-time data from transportation systems and social media

In recent times, hurricanes Matthew, Harvey, and Irma have disrupted the lives of millions of people across multiple states in the United States. Under hurricane evacuation, efficient traffic operations can maximize the use of transportation infrastructure, reducing evacuation time and stress due to massive congestion. Evacuation traffic prediction is critical to plan for effective traffic management strategies. However, due to the complex and dynamic nature of evacuation participation, predicting evacuation traffic demand long ahead of the actual evacuation is a very challenging task. Real-time information from various sources can significantly help us reliably predict evacuation demand. In this study, we use traffic sensor and Twitter data during hurricanes Matthew and Irma to predict traffic demand during evacuation for a longer forecasting horizon (greater than 1 h). We present a machine learning approach using Long-Short Term Memory Neural Networks (LSTM-NN), trained over real-world traffic data during hurricane evacuation (hurricanes Irma and Matthew) using different combinations of input features and forecast horizons. We compare our prediction results against a baseline prediction and existing machine learning models. Results show that the proposed model can predict traffic demand during evacuation well up to 24 h ahead. The proposed LSTM-NN model can significantly benefit future evacuation traffic management.

The Role of Port Authority in Port Governance and Port Community System Implementation

This paper researches the role of the port authorities in port governance, and the role of the port authorities in Port Community System implementation. The authors provide the theoretical frameworks of seaports, port authorities, port governance, and Port Community Systems. The literature review was carried out using the Web of Science database and additional relevant sources. The authors concluded that although different port governance models exist (regarding the type of port authority), there is no evidence as to which governance model is universally preferable, as it is specific to each seaport. In addition, the research has shown that port authorities play a very important role in the implementation of a Port Community System, increasing the sustainability of seaport operations. Its implementation enables the port authorities to evolve into real digital hubs and neutral data managers, which ultimately leads to the optimization of seaport processes and more efficient use of transport infrastructure.

Empirical Study of the Spatial Spillover Effect of Transportation Infrastructure on Green Total Factor Productivity

Transportation infrastructure promotes the regional flow of production. The construction and use of transportation infrastructure have a crucial effect on climate change, the sustainable development of the economy, and Green Total Factor Productivity (GTFP). Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2005 to 2017, this study empirically analyses the spatial spillover effect of transportation infrastructure on the GTFP using the Malmquist–Luenberger (ML) index and the dynamic spatial Durbin model. We found that transportation infrastructure has direct and spatial spillover effects on the growth of GTFP; highway density and railway density have significant positive spatial spillover effects, and especially-obvious immediate and lagging spatial spillover effects in the short-term. We also note that the passenger density and freight density of transportation infrastructure account for a relatively small contribution to the regional GTFP. Considering environmental pollution, energy consumption, and the enriching of the traffic infrastructure index system, we used the dynamic spatial Durbin model to study the spatial spillover effects of transportation infrastructure on GTFP.

Analiza prometnih pokazatelja na sveučilišnom Kampusu – studija slučaja na Građevinskom fakultetu u Rijeci

Prometno-prostorno planiranje je kontinuirani postupak kojeg je potrebno neprestano unaprjeđivati na temelju analize pokazatelja funkcioniranja sustava. Prema saznanju autora, prilikom planiranja prostora Kampusa Sveučilišta u Rijeci, a ni u vremenu korištenja, nisu detaljno analizirani prometni pokazatelji u svrhu osiguranja više razine pristupačnosti prostora te većeg zadovoljstva korisnika. U radu je prikazana analiza rezultata istraživanja provedenog u ožujku 2020. godine na Građevinskom fakultetu u Rijeci među studentima i zaposlenicima Fakulteta putem online ankete. Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi prometne navike ciljane skupine ispitanika vezanih uz njihova dnevna putovanja prema Kampusu. Uz opća obilježja ispitanika i osnovne prometne pokazatelje, kao što su stupanj motorizacije i učestalost korištenja javnog gradskog prijevoza, ispitanici su odgovarali i na specifična pitanja vezana uz korištenje prometne infrastrukture za dolazak na Kampus u prosječnom radnom danu i ocjenjivali kvalitetu postojećeg prometnog sustava s aspekta javnog gradskog prijevoza, infrastrukture za parkiranje te pješačkog i biciklističkog prometa. Na temelju prikupljenih odgovora analizirane su prometne navike studenata i zaposlenika Građevinskog fakulteta u Rijeci te su ispitane korelacije obilježja ispitanika i specifičnih prometnih pokazatelja orijentiranih na putovanja prema Kampusu, a koje mogu pomoći u definiranju budućih planova rekonstrukcije i dogradnje prometne infrastrukture.

The visual analytics of big, open public transport data – a framework and pipeline for monitoring system performance in Greater Sydney

ABSTRACT Many cities, countries and transport operators around the world are striving to design intelligent transport systems. These systems capture the value of multisource and multiform data related to the functionality and use of transportation infrastructure to better support human mobility, interests, economic activity and lifestyles. They aim to provide services that can enable transportation customers and managers to be better informed and make safer and more efficient use of infrastructure. In developing principles, guidelines, methods and tools to enable synergistic work between humans and computer-generated information, the science of visual analytics continues to expand our understanding of data through effective and interactive visual interfaces. In this paper, we describe an application of visual analytics related to the study of movement and transportation systems. This application documents the use of rapid, 2D and 3D web visualisation and data analytics libraries and explores their potential added value to the analysis of big public transport performance data. A novel approach to displaying such data through a generalisable framework visualisation system is demonstrated. This framework recalls over a year’s worth of public transport performance data at a highly granular level in a fast, interactive browser-based environment. Greater Sydney, Australia forms a case study to highlight potential uses of the visualisation of such large, passively-collected data sets as an applied research scenario. In this paper, we argue that such highly visual systems can add data-driven rigour to service planning and longer-term transport decision-making. Furthermore, they enable the sharing of quality of service statistics with various stakeholders and citizens and can showcase improvements in services before and after policy decisions. The paper concludes by making recommendations on the value of this approach in embedding these or similar web-based systems in transport planning practice, performance management, optimisation and understanding of customer experience.

Сучасний стан та фінансове забезпечення транспортної галузі України

The state of the Ukrainian transport industry is characterized by a decline in passenger transportation, a critical level of financial support and tariffs for transportation services, a high degree of physical and moral deterioration of fixed assets. Self-financing is determined to be the main domestic source of financial security, and external sources include international support, credit and government support for transport industry entities. In a crisis, the transport industry needs substantial state support by creating conditions for cheaper credit resources, organizing public-private partnerships and micro-credit activities. The dynamics of internal sources of financing of the enterprises of the transport industry, which testify to the unprofitable activity of economic entities, are analyzed, although the indicators of the net income of the economic entities of the transport industry in Ukraine show steady growth. It is determined that the deterioration of the main means of state-forming economic activities of the country affects the competitiveness, slowdown of economic and social indicators of development of Ukraine, the level of technological risks and the burden on the ecological state of the environment. The structure of gross value added is analyzed, which shows the necessity of introducing the measures to reform the system of state and regional government, introducing new technologies, finding ways to attract investment in the development of this important sector of the economy. It is proved that one of the ways of development of the transport industry is to attract credit from the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the European Investment Bank and other international financial institutions. Such cooperation opens the opportunities for solving a number of problems for Ukrainian utilities and local self-government bodies. Ensuring the accelerated economic development of Ukraine is possible only if the efficient use of transport infrastructure as the main component of the national transport system and its dynamic development will take place.

Integrative management of infrastructure and traction equipment at the railway area

Railway transport is in condition of preparation for fulfillment of the forecast increase of transportation. The level of effectiveness and quality of the railways operation is assessed by the period of delivery to the point of destination of required volume of transported freight, which growth increases intensity of infrastructure wear and tear, which requires breaks in trains movement for providing “gaps” for the track repair operations and inevitably results in the delivery time increase.The use of the best speed path of trains is an important component of ensuring energy effectiveness. Transition to the ground process of trains’ movement control allows JSC “RZD” to arrange rhythmic movement of the car traffic movement providing “gaps” in the single opening for the entire ground.Conducted SWOT-analysis determined the risks and potential results of use of the single infrastructure of the railway area in terms of possible additional expenses in the future. Control mechanism of operation costs was proposed, which allows analyzing actual direct expenses and comparing deviations with regard to the set values. Overall algorithm of the model of integrative control of infrastructure and traction resources was formalized, which is illustrated by the example of participants of transportation process at the railway area. The basis of their interaction is the results of integral assessment that generalized various quantity of indicators and assessment factors of transportation process.Mathematical support of procedures of establishing the cost price is implemented in the Intellectual system of control and handling of the locomotive fleet at the area of the railway production infrastructure. Obtained results are integrated in the Automated control system of operation of the single center of infrastructure control and are set for transformation, effective use of the industrial companies potential.Key trends of the geo-economic condition having direct relation to the transportation and logistic operation in Russia determine necessity of effective management of traction resources by means of arrangement of the uniform process of transportation operation of JSC “RZD”, which results in the best use of transportation infrastructure, balanced increase of the volumes of loading and attraction of investments to the railways.

Assessment of the development capacity of tourism and recreation industry in the economy of Ukrainian regions

Comprehensive assessment of the tourism and recreation capacity is an important prerequisite for optimizing the spatial and economic organization of regional tourism and recreation systems as well as for strategic planning of tourism and recreation on the national and regional scales. The purpose of the article is to assess the development capacity of the tourism and recreation industry and the efficiency of its use in the economy of Ukrainian regions. The analysis of factors influencing the formation of the capacity of the tourism and recreation industry in Ukrainian regions made it possible to group them into the following groups: natural-geographical, economic, socio-demographic, institutional, scientific, and technical. The paper outlines the main global trends in the development of the world market of tourist services, which determine the vector and opportunities for building the capacity of tourism and recreation in the regions of Ukraine given the criterion of strategic competitiveness and the goal of expanding development and integration of tourism industry on the international tourism market. The analysis of the dependencies of the main indicators of the tourism and recreation industry development in the regions of Ukraine for the period 2013-2018 pointed to the problem of inefficient use of transport infrastructure in increasing the potential of the tourism and recreation industry in the regions of Ukraine. Yet, the efficiency of the use of the tourism and recreation capacity was boosted by the volumes of capital investment in the tourism and recreation industry, as well as the volumes of foreign direct investment, which determines the feasibility of further state and local policies to support and stimulate both domestic and foreign investors in the development of tourism and recreation industry in Ukraine. The results of this study can be used in the formation of national, regional, and local strategies and programs for tourism and recreation, as they allow directing support and incentives to those factors that are more decisive in building the capacity of tourism and recreation in Ukraine.

Using Spatial Analysis to Examine Potential Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in an Environmental Justice Community After Hurricane Harvey.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are environmental contaminants associated with adverse human health outcomes. Environmental justice neighborhoods experience disproportionate environmental health risks. Hurricane Harvey made landfall on August 25, 2017, bringing record rainfall and catastrophic flooding to Houston, Texas, redistributing PAHs in residential soil. We aimed to describe PAH distributions in soil in the Manchester neighborhood of Houston, TX, and identify their potential sources. Soil samples were collected from 24 residential addresses and analyzed for 16 priority PAH concentrations using an accelerated solvent extractor. PAH distribution and source determination were conducted using spatial analysis and isomer ratios. All sample sites detected PAHs in soil, with the total mass ranging from 0.75 to 69.9 ng/g, which were predominantly four-ring structured PAHs. Total PAH concentrations were highest on the northeastern border of the neighborhood, whereas lower overall concentrations of PAHs were found on the southwestern border, at the highest elevation in the watershed. The ratio indeno[1,,3-cd]pyrene (IP) to indeno[1,,3-cd]pyrene plus benzo[ghi]perylene indicated vehicular combustion as the primary source in 19 of 23 samples. After heavy rainfall from Hurricane Harvey in the Manchester neighborhood, PAHs in soil were unevenly distributed throughout the neighborhood, with an accumulation of PAHs in the northeastern edges. Using isomer ratios and spatial analysis, the likely source of PAHs is from use of transportation infrastructure.