Use Of Reactive Dyes Research Articles

In Situ Generated UiO-66/Cotton Fabric Easily Recyclable for Reactive Dye Adsorption.

In view of the environmental pollution caused by the widespread use of reactive dyes in the printing and dyeing industry, the modified cotton fabric was loaded with the extremely stable metal-organic frame (MOF) material UiO-66 for removing reactive dyes from colored wastewater. UiO-66/cotton fabric was prepared by in situ synthesis, and its surface morphology and structure were analyzed by XRD, SEM, BET, and XPS. The adsorption performance of UiO-66/cotton fabric on reactive dyes was investigated by adsorbent dosage, adsorption time and temperature, dye concentration, pH, and so on. The results indicated that the adsorption equilibrium time of UiO-66/cotton fabric on reactive orange 16 was 120 min, and the removal rate was about 98%. The adsorption process belongs to simple molecular layer chemisorption and can be regarded as a spontaneous heat absorption reaction, which was consistent with the proposed secondary kinetic model and Langmuir isothermal adsorption model. In addition, the reactive dyes with a higher molecular weight of each sulfonic acid group are more hydrophobic, and the dyes are more likely to aggregate and deposit on the adsorbent surface by electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and π-π accumulation. Therefore, this work provides a potential UiO-66/cotton fabric application for the effective adsorption of reactive dyes in textile wastewater.

A study of PEG-based reverse micellar dyeing of cotton fabric: reactive dyes with different reactive groups

Reverse micellar dyeing of cotton fabrics with PEG-based non-ionic surfactant in heptane non-aqueous medium with the use of reactive dyes with different reactive groups was investigated. Single jersey knitted fabrics were used in this study. The experimental results reveal that samples dyed by both one-bath and two-bath heptane reverse micellar methods can achieve higher colour yield than the conventional water-based dyeing method. Among different reactive dyes, samples dyed with hetero-bifunctional vinylsulfone based reactive dyes could achieved higher colour yield (K/S) than the homo-bifunctional and monofunctional reactive dyes in non-aqueous dyeing medium. Moreover, the ranges of L*, a* and b* value for hetero-bifunctional vinylsulfone based reactive dyes were narrower than homo-bifunctional and monofunctional reactive dyes. In term of levelness, monofunctional reactive dyes generally resulted a better levelness than homo-bifunctional and hetero-bifunctional reactive dyes. Although one-bath heptane method yields high K/Ssum values, the problem of unlevelness should be considered while the use of two-bath heptane reverse micellar method can strike a balance between levelness and colour yield.

Dyeing cotton with reactive dyes: a comparison between conventional water-based and solvent-assisted PEG-based reverse micellar dyeing systems

Use of reactive dyes of red, blue and yellow colours for exhaustion dyeing of cotton conventional water-based dyeing method and PEG-based solvent-assisted reverse micelle dyeing method was investigated. Calibration curves of both dyeing approaches were established. The calibration results show that red dye can achieve higher absorbance value than yellow and blue dyes and the R-square of the curves can reach a value above 0.99 which indicates the curves are linear in structure and suitable for subsequent measurement. The values of substantivity factor (S), exhaustion factor (E), rate of fixation (R) and fixation factor (F) (SERF) are measured in percentage. The results reveal that using reverse micelle method can achieve higher dye absorption in both exhaustion and fixation processes, resulting in higher final exhaustion of dye in fibre than with the conventional water-based method. Therefore, the reverse micellar dyed samples generally can obtain higher dye absorption, lower reflectance percentage and darker shade in appearance than conventional water-based dyeing.

Dyeing Properties of Cotton with Reactive Dye in Nonane Nonaqueous Reverse Micelle System.

In this study, we explored the dyeing behavior of cotton with reactive dyes in poly(ethylene glycol)-based reverse micelle system in nonaqueous alkane medium of nonane (C9H20). Calibration of dyeing databases for both conventional aqueous-based dyeing method and nonaqueous nonane reverse micellar dyeing method was initially established, along with simulated dyeing of standard samples with known concentrations. Several color difference formulae were used to conduct computer color matching (CCM), by matching the color between batch samples and the standard samples, for both dyeing methods. Excellent color matching results were achieved as both dyeing methods showed that the CCM-predicted concentrations were nearly the same as the known concentrations. It indicates that utilizing nonane as a solvent to facilitate reverse micellar dyeing of cotton can achieve good color matching when compared with that of the conventional aqueous-based dyeing system. Relative unlevelness indices were used to evaluate the evenness of the dyed samples. Good to excellent levelness results were obtained, comparable to that of the conventional aqueous-based dyeing system. Color fastness to laundering of nonane reverse micellar dyed samples was found to be good for industrial applications. In addition, during the reverse micellar dyeing process, only very low level of volatile organic compound content was detected and 98% nonane could be recovered simply by fractional distillation. The results in this study explored the practical usage of nonane nonaqueous reverse micellar approach on the dyeing of cotton with the use of reactive dyes.

Studies on the Dye-Uptake of Fraxinus Mandshurica Veneer with Reactive Dyes

In order to explore the factors of fraxinus mandshurica veneer dye-uptake, the discourse made use of reactive dyes. The result showed that significant effects of fraxinus mandshurica veneer dye uptake are reactive dye concentration, dyeing temperature, dyeing time and sodium chloride concentration. The artificial dyeing technology of fraxinus mandshurica was defined finally. Using reactive dyes, reactive red X-3B 10 g/L, temperature 95 °C, the dyeing time 240 min, sodium chloride 30 g/L. The study provided a theory gist and a practical guidance role for imitation precious wood.

Photochemical Treatment of Industrial Textile Effluent Containing Reactive Dyes

Textile effluents are a result of the use of reactive dyes which present a strong environmental impact. These are substances of concern when conventional treatment processes are to be considered. This work refers to the study of post-treatment (purification) of the textile effluent originating from the use of reactive dyes (after biological treatment for activated sludge) through photocatalysis using TiO2 as semiconductor. The photocatalytic process was optimised according to the mass of the semiconductor (1.4 g l−1), flow of air (150 ml s−1), temperature (55°C) and time of treatment (240 min). In the optimised conditions it was possible to verify high efficiency in the colour reduction (92%), COD (65%), BOD (40%) and TOC (29.3%). The study reached the conclusion that the photocatalytic process presents great potential as a method of post-treatment of effluents derived from the textile industry.

Use of siloxanes to increase dye fastness on leather †

Amino-functionalised siloxanes have been used to increase the number of active sites in leather (and especially suede) available for dye fixation. The use of a second hydrophobic siloxane in conjunction with the amino-functionalised siloxane, further increases the fastness results. The best results are found for the use of reactive dyes on siloxane pre-treated leather samples, where washfastness and perspiration fastness results of 4–5 or 5 for all fibres on a multifibre staining material for a commercially acceptable black are obtained. Wet and dry crock fastness of 3 is reached.

ChemInform Abstract: The Use of Reactive Dyes in Protein Separation Processes.

ChemInform Abstract: The Use of Reactive Dyes in Protein Separation Processes.

The use of reactive dyes in protein separation processes

AbstractThe salient points of the chemistry of triazine based reactive dyes judged to be of interest to biochemists are summarised and the various alternative reactive systems and chromophores used in reactive dyes outlined. The development of the use of reactive dyes in dye affinity chromatography is discussed, parallels being drawn between textile dyeing and immobilisation techniques to provide suggestions for improvements in technique. The properties of the matrix are considered and structural features in the dye responsible for protein attraction analysed. The recent tailoring of dye structures to enhance utility in dye affinity chromatography and progress in the scaling up of high performance liquid affinity chromatography is reviewed.

Progress in the Use of Reactive Dyes for the Dyeing of Cotton Fashionwear in Garment Form

Journal of the Society of Dyers and ColouristsVolume 102, Issue 10 p. 298-301 Progress in the Use of Reactive Dyes for the Dyeing of Cotton Fashionwear in Garment Form P S Collishaw, P S Collishaw ICI plc Organics Division Hexagon House Blackley Manchester M9 3DASearch for more papers by this authorK P Cox, K P Cox ICI plc Organics Division Hexagon House Blackley Manchester M9 3DASearch for more papers by this author P S Collishaw, P S Collishaw ICI plc Organics Division Hexagon House Blackley Manchester M9 3DASearch for more papers by this authorK P Cox, K P Cox ICI plc Organics Division Hexagon House Blackley Manchester M9 3DASearch for more papers by this author First published: October 1986 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1986.tb01040.xCitations: 3AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume102, Issue10October 1986Pages 298-301 RelatedInformation

The Influence of Woolmark on Textile Processing

To identify wool to the consumer, the idea of the Woolmark was conceived. The specifications of the Woolmark are described, including fibre content, colour fastness to light, water and washing and, for knitwear, resistance to shrinkage on washing. The problems of formulating a specification for tensile strength are outlined. It is difficult to producethe currently popular bright greens and turquoise on wool to the standards of fastness tolight and water specified by the Woolmark. However, by the use of reactive dyes this dificulty can be overcome, and better methods for applying these dyes to wool will probably be forthcoming.

Fine structure of partially demineralized enamel

Certain technical innovations were introduced in the fixation of enamel which improved the preservation of the matrix and aided in its visualization by electron microscopy. These were: 1. The use of reactive dyes as fixatives and stains of the protein matrix. 2. The use of formic acid in demincralization fixation. 3. Control of the ratio of tooth material to volume and concentration of acid used. The fine structure of enamel rods was examined in longitudinal and transverse orientation. In cross-section, adult enamel rods appeared arcade shaped with a projection extending between rods in subjacent layers. Deciduous enamel rods appeared as distinct circular units or incomplete rods separated by an extensive interrod area. Structural alterations contributing to the formation of striae of Retzius, Hunter-Schreger bands, striations, tufts, lamellae and caries were examined. Sections stained with phosphotungstic acid following partial demineralization revealed an organic substructure which appeared to differ in morphology with varying location in a single tooth or between different teeth. On the basis of contributory histochemical evidence of protein distribution and acid solubility, it was considered that micrographs accurately represented organic matrix in varying states of aggregation. Some difficulty in interpretation was encountered which may have resulted from loss of soluble protein, reprecipitation, blocking of reactive groups of protein by dehydrating and embedding media, and reaction of the embedding medium with phosphotungstic acid.

The Continuous Dyeing of Secondary Cellulose Acetate, Cellulose Triacetate, and Terylene Polyester Fibre by the Vapocol Process

A continuous dyeing technique is described in which fabrics of secondary cellulose acetate, cellulose triacetate, and Terylene are padded with disperse dyes and, after being dried, are subsequently immersed in the saturated vapour of trichloroethylene for times up to 60 sec. to fix the dyes on the fibres. The exhaustion and the fastness properties of dyes fixed by this means on secondary cellulose acetate and cellulose triacetate fibres are at least equal to those obtained by conventional dyeing methods; dyeings on Terylene are limited to pale and medium depths on filament fabrics. The construction and the operation of a continuous plant handling 12‐in. wide fabrics at speeds up to 10 yd./min. are described. The process is suitable, without modification, for dyeing blends of these fibres with viscose rayon and cotton, making use of reactive dyes for the cellulosic component.