Use Of Personal Characteristics Research Articles

Influence of personal characteristics of talents on voluntary dismissal: The case of Sheremetyevo international airport

The article discusses the use of personal characteristics of talented employees in assessing the likelihood of their voluntary turnover. Despite a growing number of publications on talent management issues, most of the works focus on studying institutional conditions or corporate management practices. At the same time, a scant attention is paid to the peculiarities of talented employees’ labor behavior, including a critical problem for organizations in talent management — voluntary turnover. The paper aims to investigate the influence of the personal characteristics of talented employees on their decision to resign voluntarily. The theoretical part of the work is based on the model of an objective view on understanding qualified employees as those who have a particular set of characteristics that can determine their behavior regardless of the organizational context. In addition to the main socio-demographic and professional aspects of talents, the work uses non-cognitive personality parameters described by the “Big Five” model. The empirical part of the study is based on the data from a survey of 180 employees which was included in the talent management program of Sheremetyevo Airport. The results confirmed the influence of socio-demographic and non-cognitive characteristics on the likelihood of talented employees’ voluntary turnover. Also, some of the parameters, in contrast to the previous studies, have the opposite effect, and talent management programs do not retain talented employees. Despite its novelty, the conclusions of the work are limited because the empirical data was obtained from one though a heterogeneous company by its labor characteristics and the research was conducted during the crisis of 2020. The extension of the sample along with the set of non-cognitive traits can serve as a direction for further studies.

Resiliencia del docente en situaciones de enseñanza y aprendizaje en escuelas rurales de Perú

El propósito de la investigación es analizar la esencia de la experiencia del docente en situaciones de enseñanza y aprendizaje en escuelas rurales del Perú. La atención a la diversidad de culturas, contextos y estudiantes es complicada; por lo tanto, se requiere de docentes resilientes; es decir, con ciertas características tales como autoestima, autonomía, creatividad, confianza y capacidad de adaptarse a toda circunstancia. La investigación se desarrolló con los parámetros de la investigación cualitativa; específicamente, se empleó la fenomenología hermenéutica en educación, por poseer un carácter reflexivo-emergente. Dentro de esta concepción, se interpreta y comprende el mundo empírico, buscando el significado de las experiencias vividas del personal docente durante sus laborales pedagógicas, con el fin de develar la esencia de estas. Se utilizó la técnica de la entrevista y como instrumento, la anécdota. Participaron cinco docentes: tres varones y dos mujeres; con los siguientes ejes de análisis: expectativa, frustración, tristeza, felicidad y satisfacción. La información se procesó a través de la comprensión de la experiencia, a fin de elaborar significados de un mismo hecho. El estudio concluye que la resiliencia se presenta cuando el personal docente se adapta a diversas situaciones desfavorables presentadas en la escuela, al hacer uso de características personales que le permiten convertir las limitaciones en fortalezas y así superar las adversidades.

Therapeutic use of self as defined by Swedish occupational therapists working with clients with cognitive impairments following acquired brain injury: A Delphi study

The concept therapeutic use of self has mainly been described theoretically. Empirical descriptions are few and empirical validation is needed to make the concept more useful for informing practice and explaining what occupational therapists do in the interaction with their clients to facilitate successful outcomes. The aim of this study was to empirically define the aspects that occupational therapists working with clients with cognitive impairments following acquired brain injury find are consistent with the concept of therapeutic use of self. Thirteen expert occupational therapists participated. Reactive Delphi technique in three rounds was used where each round built on the results of the previous one. A questionnaire based on current literature was developed for the first round. Twenty of 33 statements reached a consensus level of 75% or more. These statements reflected the therapists' consciousness, self-awareness and use of personal characteristics. The statements also concerned the intentions of therapeutic use of self, including client group-specific intentions such as enhancing self-awareness. The results indicate that the content of the concept may be defined differently depending on the client group. The empirical descriptions generated from this study may help occupational therapists working with clients with cognitive impairments following acquired brain injury to describe how and with what intention they use themselves therapeutically in the rehabilitation process. In occupational therapy education, the results may be used to highlight how the concept may be understood in practice and to discuss it in relation to different client groups.

The role of social cognition in downsizing decisions

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to learn how managers make downsizing decisions.Design/methodology/approachParticipants read a created organizational scenario and 25 hypothetical employee profiles and then chose five employees to lay off.FindingsOlder and minority applicants were chosen most often. No significance was found for performance. Rater group membership in race, gender, and age were significant predictors of layoff decisions.Research limitations/implicationsBecause the participants were in a controlled environment they may have disregarded other information often available to decision makers. The majority of the sample was students who may be unrepresentative of managers who make layoff decisions. The inclusion of managers who have made downsizing decisions was designed to help address this limitation.Practical implicationsAn employer's use of personal characteristics in making downsizing decisions may ultimately affect the aftermath of downsizing.Originality/valueThis is one of the first studies to study the decision‐making process of layoffs.

On the use of personality characteristics in predicting compliance in orthodontic practice.

Cooperation of the patient during orthodontic treatment is a major determinant of a successful treatment result. Unfortunately, noncompliance is a serious problem in orthodontics. A patient’s noncompliance can result in a longer treatment time, destruction of the teeth and periodontium, extraction of additional teeth, collapse of a corrected malocclusion after treatment, frustration for the patient, and additional stress for the orthodontist and staff. Predicting patient compliance could be helpful in anticipating problems that might arise during orthodontic treatment. In previous studies, it has been hypothesized that personality traits might at least partly determine a patient’s motivation for orthodontic treatment, as well as adherence with health guidelines in general. For example, Allan and Hodgson characterized cooperative orthodontic patients as enthusiastic, energetic, self-controlled, responsible, and obliging. Uncooperative patients were typified as hard-headed, temperamental, impatient, individualistic, and intolerant of prolonged effort. More recently, it has been stated that high-need achievers cooperate better orthodontically than do low-need achievers, that high-need affiliators cooperate better than low-need affiliators, and that internally motivated patients cooperate better than externally motivated patients. Furthermore, it has been suggested that orthodontic patients who are obedient, have high self-esteem, and are accommodating comply better than do patients who are nervous, agitated, passive, introverted, and dominating. However, other studies that used personality variables to predict adherence during orthodontic treatment have been unsuccessful in obtaining a clear answer or have found contradicting results. For instance, Nanda and Kierl reported that neither attitude toward orthodontic treatment, need for approval, nor need for achievement was a significant predictor for a patient’s cooperation in orthodontic treatment. Albino et al found that variables such as anxiety, self-concept, social desirability, and need for achievement do not appear to have great value in predicting adolescent orthodontic cooperation. Results of empirical studies so far are often statistically nonsignificant or at best inconsistent. Of course, part of these disappointing findings might be due to the research methods used. Most estimates of adherence are based on feedback from patients in orthodontic treatment. These samples could be biased because the patients are “ill” and have a vested interest in appearing compliant. Moreover, orthodontists and their patients readily overestimate patient adherence. In the present study, an additional effort to assess the impact of personality aspects on patient compliance is presented, this time using less-biased healthy subjects who had recently received orthodontic treatment.

On the use of personality characteristics in predicting compliance in orthodontic practice

Cooperation of the patient during orthodontic treatment is a major determinant of a successful treatment result. Unfortunately, noncompliance is a serious problem in orthodontics. A patient’s noncompliance can result in a longer treatment time, destruction of the teeth and periodontium, extraction of additional teeth, collapse of a corrected malocclusion after treatment, frustration for the patient, and additional stress for the orthodontist and staff. 1 Southard K.A. Tolley E.A. Arheart K.L. Hackett-Renner C.A. Southard T.E. Application of the Millon Adolescent Personality Inventory in evaluating orthodontic compliance. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1991; 100: 553-561 Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (33) Google Scholar

Electrophysiological phenotypes.

AbstractThe rationale for the use of an endophenotype in genetic studies of psychiatric disorders is that these disorders are likely to be multi-determined, with multiple environmental and genetic origins, so that a discrete biological phenotype is more likely to reflect a single major gene effect. This strategy has been used successfully in the linkage and segregation analysis of several illnesses, including hemochromatosis, for which elevated serum iron was used as the relevant endophenotype, and colon cancer, for which elevated numbers of polyps were used as the phenotype. For psychiatric illnesses, various phenotypic approaches have been suggested. These include the use of variants within the illness, such as differences in age of onset, which may reflect differences in disease (see Chapter 6) and the use of personality characteristics as indicators of underlying biological differences. Physiological mechanisms, the focus of this chapter, are favored because of their presumed relationship to synaptic neurotransmission, a basic unit of function in the central nervous system. This chapter describes three examples of physiological endophenotypes that have been used successfully in linkage analysis, and discusses general issues in their use and the interpretation of results.KeywordsP300 AmplitudeGABAB ReceptorDisease Allele FrequencyPhysiological PhenotypeSaccadic IntrusionThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

The personal characteristics of effective counselors: what 10 experts think.

The counseling professional has called for the use of personal characteristics to be used for admissions to counseling programs as well as in the evaluation of counseling students. 10 expert counselors ranked 22 personality characteristics of potential students for importance and responsiveness to training. The most important include empathy, acceptance, and warmth, while the least important include resourcefulness, sympathy and sociability.

Getting personal in personnel recruitment

Observes that the use of personal characteristics in job advertisements is discouraged within the prescriptive literature. Examines the extent to which advertisers for personnel specialists apply them in practice, and the range of characteristics put to use. Findings show that 80 per cent of advertisements contain reference to at least one personal characteristic. Concludes that social skills, particularly communication, appear to be the most important characteristic of personnel specialists, but there is, nevertheless, variation between differing job areas. Concludes that, although advertisers seem to follow stereotypes when putting together advertisements, they do not make particularly good use of personal characteristics.

PERSON CHARACTERISTIC VERSUS ROLE CONGRUENCY EXPLANATIONS FOR ASSESSMENT CENTER RATINGS.

The article presents information on the use of personal characteristics and the role congruency explanations for assessment center ratings. A discussion is presented about the moral and ethical imp...

Person Characteristic Versus Role Congruency Explanations for Assessment Center Ratings

The article presents information on the use of personal characteristics and the role congruency explanations for assessment center ratings. A discussion is presented about the moral and ethical imp...