Use Of Occluder Research Articles

CLINICAL CASE OF RESUMPTION OF ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY AFTER IMPLANTATION OF THE AMPLATZER CARDIAC PLUG LEFT ATRIAL APPENDAGE OCCLUDER

The article demonstrates a clinical case of forced renewal of anticoagulant therapy after the endovascular closure of the left atrial appendage. Patient with atrial fibrillation and high risk of thromboembolic complications and bleeding on the background of warfarin administration and inappropriate INR values had an acute hemorrhagic cerebral blood flow disorder developed. Endovascular closure of the left atrial appendage was performed. However, the thrombosis of the area of the delivery system fastening revealed after 12 months was an indication for the resumption of anticoagulant therapy.The article presents modern data on the use of occluders for closing the left atrial appendage, the frequency of complications and antiplatelet therapy schemes depending on the presence of thrombosis risk factors and bleeding.

Differential Bacterial Colonization and Biofilm Formation on Punctal Occluders

Dry eye is a common condition that is treated primarily by topical lubricants, immunomodulation, and a variety of punctal and canalicular plugs (occluders). Biofilm formation has been reported as an ongoing problem with the clinical use of occluders. In order to explore the role of biofilm formation on occluders, we tested the bacteria strain, Staphylococcus aureus, with three different types of occluders, DeltaR, OdysseyR, and AlphamedR. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of these occluders revealed a variation in surface appearance, with OdysseyR being the smoothest (but with grooves), followed by DeltaR, and AlphamedR. Exposing each type of occluder to dynamically grown bacterial cultures of S. aureus, a ~3 fold statistically significant difference in bacteria colonization between the OdysseyR and AlphamedR occluder and a ~2 fold higher trend between OdysseyR and DeltaR were detected. These quantitative results were also verified with SEM, showing extensive S. aureus colonization and biofilm formation on the surface of the OdysseyR occluder. The results also indicate that bacterial colonization readily occurs on all three types of occluders. The occluder with the smoothest but grooved surface (OdysseyR), displayed increased biofilm formation when compared to those with rougher surfaces.

ICVTS on-line discussion A Endovascular closure of PDA with the use of occluders

ICVTS on-line discussion A Endovascular closure of PDA with the use of occluders

Mathematical model of emmetropization in the chicken.

Recently a number of observations were made on refractive development in chickens and monkeys under various experimental treatments. Degradation of the retinal image by use of occluders produces myopia, although with a high variability in the individual refractions. This kind of image degradation myopia can be induced in the absence of accommodation and with the optic nerve sectioned. In chickens, recovery occurs both in normal birds and in operated birds in which accommodation has been eliminated by lesions in the Edinger Westphal nucleus. In addition, it was shown that, in the chicken eye, growth compensates for an imposed refractive error induced by spectacle lenses. A compensatory change in growth can also be induced in the absence of accommodation. Thus the role of accommodation in the refractive development must be explained. Here we develop a minimal model for regulation of eye growth that provides a possible explanation for all the above observations. A major conclusion is that the presence of two independent feedback loops must be assumed, one dependent on accommodation and one on a local mechanism detecting blur in the retina.