Use Of Naval Forces Research Articles

Quantitative Justification of the Use of Naval Forces: Russian and Foreign Experience

Quantitative Justification of the Use of Naval Forces: Russian and Foreign Experience

Comparative Analysis of the Use of the Naval Forces of India and Pakistan During the 1971 War

The destructive processes that are observed in the modern world, the crisis of the world order determine a new round of power confrontation both in the line of global and regional actors of world politics. There is an increase in armed confrontation, the desire to solve old, including territorial, problems by force. The study of the historical experience of the armed confrontation between India and Pakistan actualizes the problem of this paper. The purpose of the article is to analyze and summarize the experience of the use of naval forces during military operations at sea in the Indo-Pakistani war of 1971, to identify the main factors that influenced the planning of naval operations, the course and results of combat operations at sea. The author used a narrative approach and a historical-comparative method to identify the evolution of ideas about the use of naval forces in the Indo-Pakistani conflict of 1971. The article highlights and examines the main factors and their impact on the training and use of naval forces during military operations at sea in the Indo-Pakistani conflict of 1971. Special attention is paid to the assessment of the impact of the political nature of the war, its goals and scale, the views of the military-political and military leadership of India and Pakistan on the training and use of naval forces; the tasks that were solved by the fleets of the parties; the role and place of individual types of forces in solving certain tasks in the theater of operations. To determine factors that directly affect the use of the naval forces of India and Pakistan in the 1971 conflict, the author analyzes the conditions in the Maritime theaters of war, the factors that have characterized the theater, and the impact of conditions in the theater on the planning and implementation of operations. The main sources are archival and analytical materials of the Ministry of Defense of India and the Ministry of Defense of Pakistan, memoirs of war participants.

Power and Profit at Sea: The Rise of the West in the Making of the International System

The making of the international system from c. 1500 reflected distinctively maritime dynamics, especially “gunboat diplomacy,” or the use of naval force for commercial gain. Comparisons between civilizations and across time show, first, that gunboat diplomacy was peculiarly European and, second, that it evolved through stages. For the majority of the modern era, violence was central to the commercial strategies of European state, private, and hybrid actors alike in the wider world. In contrast, large and small non-Western polities almost never sought to advance mercantile aims through naval coercion. European exceptionalism reflected a structural trade deficit, regional systemic dynamics favoring armed trade, and mercantilist beliefs. Changes in international norms later restricted the practice of gunboat diplomacy to states, as private navies became illegitimate. More generally, a maritime perspective suggests the need for a reappraisal of fundamental conceptual divisions and shows how the capital- and technology-intensive nature of naval war allowed relatively small European powers to be global players. It also explains how European expansion and the creation of the first global international system was built on dominance at sea centuries before Europeans’ general military superiority on land.

Трансформація Морської доктрини України: концептуальні засади

Ukraine is a traditional maritime nation, which has a strong port, shipbuilding, human potential involved in the maritime industry. Ukraine seeks to form its own maritime policy and to define the prospects for its development, taking into account current and expected influence factors and possible risks. At the same time, the basic program document in this area – the Maritime Doctrine of Ukraine – has been adopted back in 2009 and currently it does not meet the challenges and threats, which Ukrainian nation has been encountering for the last five years. Thus, the Maritime Doctrine of Ukraine requires the essential updating in a timely manner to be aligned. . with realities of the current situation. Referring to the analysis of marine program documents of Ukraine and foreign states, the author categorizes them and notes that such documents usually cover three aspects of maritime activity: the development and use of naval forces (Great Britain, USA, India); non-military aspects of maritime safety (France); a comprehensive regulation of the protection of national interests in the marine sector (Ukraine, Russia, Indonesia). The research is based on combination of foreign experience and deep analyses of the situation in the Ukrainian marine industry which includes: temporal occupation of certain water and land territories, requirements of the Association Agreement with the EU, the need to harmonize the provisions of the Maritime Doctrine of Ukraine with a number of other, more recent, program documents adopted by Ukraine. The author stipulates that Ukraine Maritime doctrine should be primary considered, as a document that coordinates all aspects of public administration in the field of maritime activity, that in clear language formulate well-balanced and realistic objectives in this area. Such approaches should provide the basis for the development of a powerful maritime industry and finally restored the centuries-old renowned maritime tradition.

Changing Scenarios in the Baltic Security Policy from the Historical Perspective

The challenges of security policy have throughout our stormy history been characteristic of the Baltic region where the sea has always served as a traffic route, a center of trade, a theater of war, a seat of partitioning states, and a seat of creating spheres of influence as regards security or defense policy. Sea control or denial of sea control has always created tensions between the parties involved. All in all, it can be alleged that the Baltic Sea unites, protects, shelters, transports, provides a livelihood but also isolates and separates. This article is a combination of what has changed in our past, what is changing at the moment, and what seems to change in our near future regarding the process of security policy. The situation in the Baltic area will be evaluated from the angle of the widely understood significance, momentum, and use of naval forces. Today, the naval war equipment to be used in the Baltic Sea in the year 2025 or so is already in operation, under construction, or on the designer's desk.

Naval Diplomacy—A Theoretical Approach

This article considers theoretical aspects of the non-belligerent and political use of naval forces, commonly described as naval diplomacy. It presents four arguments. Firstly, it criticises the often used term “gunboat diplomacy” for being too narrow, emotionally charged, and burdened by colonialism. Secondly, the theories on naval diplomacy are criticised for being better suited for doctrinal purposes than for analytical purposes. Thirdly, criticism is levelled against the term “naval presence,” which is deemed insufficient as a focal point in a theory of naval diplomacy. Fourthly, elements of a workable theory of naval diplomacy are presented, including the political aim, naval means, diplomatic method, and geopolitical context. In conclusion, warships and navies are described as symbols of national sovereignty and power, and for having, not only a defence value, but also a symbolic, supportive, and coercive value.

British Foreign Policy and the Falkland Islands Crisis of 1770–1

Much has been written about the dispute between Britain and Spain over the Falkland Islands which brought Europe to the brink of a major war in late 1770, and it may be thought that there is little...

Multinational Military Cooperation and its Challenges: The Case of European Naval Operations in the Wider Mediterranean Area

In order to cope with current security challenges, such as regional conflicts, humanitarian disasters or terrorist threats, European states in the post-Cold War era make important use of naval forces within a complex multilateral framework. However, the issues relating to European navies have rarely been tackled in the literature on multilateral military cooperation. Therefore this article aims to fill the gap by studying the nature of the European post-Cold War multilateral naval framework, and taking it as a case study to illustrate the current issues facing multinational military cooperation. To do so, the article focuses on the wider Mediterranean region, since most of the security challenges identified by the Europeans are now localized in this area.

Admiral William B. Caperton and United States Naval Diplomacy in South America, 1917–1919

In May 1917, the United States Navy dispatched a South Atlantic patrol squadron to Brazil under the command of Admiral William B. Caperton, Commander-in-Chief of the Pacific Fleet. Caperton, who soon saw his mission as more diplomatic than military, became the United States' best-known representative in South America and worked closely with civilian diplomats to maximize United States influence in the area. His two-year tour of duty from 1917 to 1919, therefore, constitutes a little-known case study in the attempted use of naval forces for diplomatic purposes, and in the development of some aspects of United States policy in South America.

The Falkland Islands crisis of 1770; Use of naval force

Journal Article The Falkland Islands crisis of 1770; Use of naval force Get access NICHOLAS TRACY NICHOLAS TRACY Port MaitlandNova Scotia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume XC, Issue CCCLIV, January 1975, Pages 40–75, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/XC.CCCLIV.40 Published: 01 January 1975