Use Of Intelligent Robots Research Articles

Transcranial Doppler analysis based on computer and artificial intelligence for acute cerebrovascular disease

Cerebrovascular disease refers to damage to brain tissue caused by impaired intracranial blood circulation. It usually presents clinically as an acute nonfatal event and is characterized by high morbidity, disability, and mortality. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography is a non-invasive method for the diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease that uses the Doppler effect to detect the hemodynamic and physiological parameters of the major intracranial basilar arteries. It can provide important hemodynamic information that cannot be measured by other diagnostic imaging techniques for cerebrovascular disease. And the result parameters of TCD ultrasonography such as blood flow velocity and beat index can reflect the type of cerebrovascular disease and serve as a basis to assist physicians in the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a branch of computer science which is used in a wide range of applications in agriculture, communications, medicine, finance, and other fields. In recent years, there are much research devoted to the application of AI to TCD. The review and summary of related technologies is an important work to promote the development of this field, which can provide an intuitive technical summary for future researchers. In this paper, we first review the development, principles, and applications of TCD ultrasonography and other related knowledge, and briefly introduce the development of AI in the field of medicine and emergency medicine. Finally, we summarize in detail the applications and advantages of AI technology in TCD ultrasonography including the establishment of an examination system combining brain computer interface (BCI) and TCD ultrasonography, the classification and noise cancellation of TCD ultrasonography signals using AI algorithms, and the use of intelligent robots to assist physicians in TCD ultrasonography and discuss the prospects for the development of AI in TCD ultrasonography.

Artificial Intelligence and Civil Liability: Juridical Prospects and Legal Challenges

The benefits to individuals from the implementation and use of robots and other artificial intelligence applications are widely known. However, although the use of intelligent robots is not yet fully widespread, it is possible to anticipate that the introduction of these robots into society will present numerous moral, ethical and legal challenges. Currently, robots are considered products and they fall under Council Directive 85/374/EEC of 25 July 1985 on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning liability for defective products. The European Union itself has expressed skepticism regarding the applicability of this directive to civil liability for damages that these autonomous and intelligent robotic systems may cause. The aim of this article is to identify and analyze what these challenges may be.

Can nurses in clinical practice ascribe responsibility to intelligent robots?

The twenty first- century marked the exponential growth in the use of intelligent robots and artificial intelligent in nursing compared to the previous decades. To the best of our knowledge, this article is first in responding to question, "Can nurses in clinical practice ascribe responsibility to intelligent robots and artificial intelligence when they commit errors?". The objective of this article is to present two worldviews (anthropocentrism and biocentrism) in responding to the question at hand chosen based on the roles of the entities involved in the use of intelligent robots and artificial intelligence in nursing. The development of this article was motivated by the immense discoveries, the current landscape, and nurses' role in relation to advanced technologies in healthcare. The paper begins the discussion by situating the use of intelligent robots and artificial intelligence in nursing and healthcare and presenting its ethical and moral implications. Then, we presented the two worldviews: anthropocentrism and biocentrism which are used to respond to the task at hand. Anthropocentrism puts humans in the center in terms of moral standing and thus responsibility rests on them alone. Biocentrism declares that all creations deserve moral consideration and thus responsibility is equally allocated to all entities. Within these two worldviews, consensus development was offered to resolve these issues. Consensus provides clarity and democracy between and among the societies. The findings of this article can be basis in (1) instituting mechanisms of robust peer review and a rigorous series of simulation before adopting or implementing intelligent robots and artificial intelligence in clinical practice; (2) education and training of highly specialized nurse practitioners who can be focal persons in responding to ethical and moral issues with regard to these advanced technologies; and (3) harmonization of robotics research, manufacturing, and clinical practice.

Rise of the machines: examining the influence of professional service robots attributes on consumers’ experience

Purpose This study aims to explore the antecedents of perceived value and the moderating effect of trust and the relationship between these antecedents and perceived value in the context of the service sector. Design/methodology/approach The multivariate statistical analysis technique of structural equation modeling was used to test the proposed theoretical model. Findings The results indicate that self-efficacy, motivation, social influence, facilitating conditions and emotions have a significant and direct relationship with customers’ perceived value and that trust can enhance the effect of these antecedents on perceived value. These findings have several significant implications for service robot implementation within the service sector. Originality/value With the advancement in artificial intelligence and sensor technology, various industries have launched the practice of deploying intelligent robots to build competitive advantages. The use of intelligent robots to assist with the customer service process and improve consumers’ experience within the service sector is becoming more commonplace.

Artificial intelligence and robotisation in the EU - should we change OHS law?

BackgroundTechnological progress in the twenty-first century offers real chances for economic development of the European Union (EU). The purpose of this publication is to analyse risks and threats relating to Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) considerations in the context of scientific and technological development. The article attempts the analysis of whether current legislation of the European Union enables good protection of workers’ health in the performance of their duties using robots, artificial intelligence (AI). A feature of robotisation and AI may be new challenges in OHS protection. The analysis performed aims to determine whether threats posted by working with Artificial Intelligence are serious enough for the EU Legislator to focus on implementation of new OHS regulations.MethodsThe analysis was carried out on the basis of current legal regulations related to the protection of employee’s health in the European Union. The study used literature related to robotisation with artificial intelligence and health and safety at work in the working environment.ResultsGiven the new psychological and physical threats related to the use of AI robots, it is necessary to expand the EU legislation with general guidelines for the use of intelligent robots in the work environment. Indeed, such robots must be defined in the applicable legal framework. Employers should also define, as part of their internal regulations, the procedures for employee communication with artificial intelligence, and relevantly update their training in the OHS area.ConclusionsThe developments in AI-assisted robots come with inherent risks and threats to the working environment. New challenges create the need for adapting EU laws to changing reality. In order to structure European Union legislation on health and safety at work, these changes could be defined in a single piece of legislation covering robotics and AI after detailed analysis, dialogue, and debate.

The barriers to widespread use of intelligent robots and manufacturing machines

The theme of this presentation is that technical barriers exist that have prevented widespread industrial use of intelligent robots and manufacturing machines. These barriers must be successfully addressed for major progress to occur in these fields. Each barrier is identified and discussed, current research projects addressing each barrier in that area are presented, and opinions expressed as to how that barrier will be removed. This paper presents some current industry/university cooperative research results that reinforce the author's view; nine selected projects will be highlighted. Areas of special interest are presented including intelligent robots, intelligent machines, adaptive control structures, the potential of neural nets, the influence of cognitive processes, and the potential for autonomous machine operation in the factory of the future. Some comments on the mechanisms needed for successful industry/university cooperative research are offered.