Use Of Inorganic Nanomaterials Research Articles

Bibliometric and visualization analysis of the application of inorganic nanomaterials to autoimmune diseases.

Objective: To conduct bibliometric analysis of the application of inorganic nanomaterials to autoimmune diseases to characterize current research trends and to visualize past and emerging trends in this field in the past 15 years. Methods: The evolution and thematic trends of the application of inorganic nanomaterials to autoimmune diseases from January 1, 1985, to March 15, 2024, were analyzed by bibliometric analysis of data retrieved and extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. A total of 734 relevant reports in the literature were evaluated according to specific characteristics such as year of publication, journal, institution, country/region, references, and keywords. VOSviewer was used to build co-authorship analysis, co-occurrence analysis, co-citation analysis, and network visualization. Some important subtopics identified by bibliometric characterization are further discussed and reviewed. Result: From 2009 to 2024, annual publications worldwide increased from 11 to 95, an increase of 764%. ACS Nano published the most papers (14) with the most citations (1372). China (230 papers, 4922 citations) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (36 papers, 718 citations) are the most productive and influential country and institution, respectively. The first 100 keywords were co-clustered to form four clusters: (1) the application of inorganic nanomaterials in drug delivery, (2) the application of inorganic nano-biosensing to autoimmune diseases, (3) the use of inorganic nanomaterials for imaging applied to autoimmune diseases, and (4) the application of inorganic nanomaterials in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Combination therapy, microvesicles, photothermal therapy (PTT), targeting, diagnostics, transdermal, microneedling, silver nanoparticles, psoriasis, and inflammatory cytokines are the latest high-frequency keywords, marking the emerging frontier of inorganic nanomaterials in the field of autoimmune diseases. Sub-topics were further discussed to help researchers determine the scope of research topics and plan research directions. Conclusion: Over the past 39 years, the application of inorganic nanotechnology to the field of autoimmune diseases shows extensive cooperation between countries and institutions, showing a continuous increase in the number of reports in the literature, and has clinical translation prospects. Future research should further improve the safety of inorganic nanomaterials, clarify the mechanism of action of nanomaterials, establish a standardized nanomaterial preparation and performance evaluation system, and ultimately achieve the goal of early detection and precise treatment of autoimmune diseases.

Electrospinning Inorganic Nanomaterials to Fabricate Bionanocomposites for Soft and Hard Tissue Repair

Tissue engineering (TE) has attracted the widespread attention of the research community as a method of producing patient-specific tissue constructs for the repair and replacement of injured tissues. To date, different types of scaffold materials have been developed for various tissues and organs. The choice of scaffold material should take into consideration whether the mechanical properties, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and bioresorbability meet the physiological properties of the tissues. Owing to their broad range of physico-chemical properties, inorganic materials can induce a series of biological responses as scaffold fillers, which render them a good alternative to scaffold materials for tissue engineering (TE). While it is of worth to further explore mechanistic insight into the use of inorganic nanomaterials for tissue repair, in this review, we mainly focused on the utilization forms and strategies for fabricating electrospun membranes containing inorganic components based on electrospinning technology. A particular emphasis has been placed on the biological advantages of incorporating inorganic materials along with organic materials as scaffold constituents for tissue repair. As well as widely exploited natural and synthetic polymers, inorganic nanomaterials offer an enticing platform to further modulate the properties of composite scaffolds, which may help further broaden the application prospect of scaffolds for TE.

Autophagy and lipid droplets are a defense mechanism against toxic copper oxide nanotubes in the eukaryotic microbial model Tetrahymena thermophila

The widespread use of inorganic nanomaterials of anthropogenic origin has significantly increased in the last decade, being now considered as emerging pollutants. This makes it necessary to carry out studies to further understand their toxicity and interactions with cells. In the present work we analyzed the toxicity of CuO nanotubes (CuONT) in the ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila, a eukaryotic unicellular model with animal biology. CuONT exposure rapidly induced ROS generation in the cell leading to oxidative stress and upregulation of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase), metal-chelating metallothioneins and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. Comet assays and overexpression of genes involved in DNA repair confirmed oxidative DNA damage in CuONT-treated cells. Remarkably, both electron and fluorescent microscopy revealed numerous lipid droplets and autophagosomes containing CuONT aggregates and damaged mitochondria, indicating activation of macroautophagy, which was further confirmed by a dramatic upregulation of ATG (AuTophaGy related) genes. Treatment with autophagy inhibitors significantly increased CuONT toxicity, evidencing the protective role of autophagy towards CuONT-induced damage. Moreover, increased formation of lipid droplets appears as an additional mechanism of CuONT detoxification. Based on these results, we present a hypothetical scenario summarizing how T. thermophila responds to CuONT toxicity. This study corroborates the use of this ciliate as an excellent eukaryotic microbial model for analyzing the cellular response to stress caused by toxic metal nanoparticles.

Optical properties containing of bioinspired Ag2O nanoparticles anchored on CA/PES polymer membrane shows an effective adsorbent material

Effective and selective removal of organic dye from water systems is a pressing global challenge for both drinking water and wastewater purification. Removal of dyes from wastewater is a challenging task, the combined use of inorganic nanomaterials and membrane technology to overcome these problems using adsorption. In this paper, optical properties containing of bioinspired Gomutra mediated Ag2O NPs prepared by hydrothermal method and it’s anchored onto CA/PES polymer composite membrane via phase inversion method for enhance the surface of the membrane properties. According to the resulting experiment pristine membrane there is no adsorption ability towards dye molecules but with 0.5 wt.% of Ag2O NPs dosage of membrane showed superior removal efficiency of 88% and 77% at MB dye and textile effluents. The most effective temperature, pH and concentration were found to be 273 K, pH 9 and 1 ×10-5 M. Kinetic studies exhibit the rate of the reaction for MB dye shows R2 = 0.8780 and R2 = 0.9607 for textile effluents which obeys the pseudo first order reaction. Furthermore, when non-treated effluent samples were compared to those treated with prepared membrane all physiochemical parameters such as temperature, pH, BOD, COD, TDS, sulfate, chloride and hardness showed significant decrease in concentration. Therefore, the modified composite material demonstrates that highly efficient and universally applicable for wastewater treatment.

Multifunctional cellulose-based fireproof thermal conductive nanocomposite films assembled by in-situ grown SiO2 nanoparticle onto MXene

The use of inorganic nanomaterials as “building blocks” and organic components as “mortars” to build nanocomposites are particularly well-suited to optimize the performance of composites. Here, based on nacre-inspired thought, a novel strategy of fabricating a steady and function tunable three-dimensional MXene thermal conductive cross-linking network skeleton featured by silica (SiO2) nanoparticles bridge was reported, which is constructed in the carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibril (CNF) nanocomposites for facilitating thermal management capability property. Benefited from the strong hydrogen bonding interactions, the thermal conductive fillers of SiO2@MXene are able to uniformly disperse and reduce the agglomeration. SiO2 nanoparticles are uniformly attached to the MXene interlaminar by in-situ method, which is crucial to provide fast conduction channel for heat. The maximum in-plane thermal conductivity value of the SiO2@MXene/CNF nanocomposite film increased form 5.0 W·m−1·K−1 to 26.4 W·m−1·K−1 with introducing 2 wt% SiO2 nanoparticles, accompanied by 5.28 times higher than that of pure CNF film and 436% increase in in-plane conductivity, which indicates that SiO2 nanoparticles are bridged to each thermal transport paths to reduce the interface thermal resistance within CNF-based nanocomposite film. In addition, the cooperative interaction effect of MXene nanosheets and SiO2 nanoparticles in constructing the controllable structural of cross-link framework is contributed to conspicuous improvement of thermal conductivity and flame retardancy. It is worth noting that the effective protective layer formation of SiO2 nanoparticles after the combustion process, simultaneously thermal stability at high temperature which with residue yield (88.70 wt%) of the nanocomposite film, and achieved for a distinguished flame resistance in practical application. Bioinspired thought engineering has become an emerging and promising thought, this type of multifunctional nanocomposite film is highly promising to be a competitive candidate in the fireproof thermal management field and provides an excellent platform for preparing assembled by other polymeric thermal-management materials.

Tailoring inorganic nanoadjuvants towards next-generation vaccines.

Vaccines, one of the most effective and powerful public health measures, have saved countless lives over the past century and still have a tremendous global impact. As an indispensable component of modern vaccines, adjuvants play a critical role in strengthening and/or shaping a specific immune response against infectious diseases as well as malignancies. The application of nanotechnology provides the possibility of precisely tailoring the building blocks of nanoadjuvants towards modern vaccines with the desired immune response. The last decade has witnessed great academic progress in inorganic nanomaterials for vaccine adjuvants in terms of nanometer-scale synthesis, structure control, and functionalization design. Inorganic adjuvants generally facilitate the delivery of antigens, allowing them to be released in a sustained manner, enhance immunogenicity, deliver antigens efficiently to specific targets, and induce a specific immune response. In particular, the recent discovery of the intrinsic immunomodulatory function of inorganic nanomaterials further allows us to shape the immune response towards the desired type and increase the efficacy of vaccines. In this article, we comprehensively review state-of-the-art research on the use of inorganic nanomaterials as vaccine adjuvants. Attention is focused on the physicochemical properties of versatile inorganic nanoadjuvants, such as composition, size, morphology, shape, hydrophobicity, and surface charge, to effectively stimulate cellular immunity, considering that the clinically used alum adjuvants can only induce strong humoral immunity. In addition, the efforts made to date to expand the application of inorganic nanoadjuvants in cancer vaccines are summarized. Finally, we discuss the future prospects and our outlook on tailoring inorganic nanoadjuvants towards next-generation vaccines.

Nanobioelectroanalysis Based on Carbon/Inorganic Hybrid Nanoarchitectures

AbstractThe emergence of nanotechnology has opened new horizons for electrochemical biosensors. This review highlights new concepts for electrochemical biosensors based on different carbon/inorganic hybrid nanoarchitectures. Particular attention will be given to hybrid nanostructures involving 1‐ or 2‐dimensional carbon nanotubes or graphene along with inorganic nanoparticles (gold, platinum, quantum dot (QD), metal oxide). Latest advances (from 2007 onwards) in electrochemical biosensors based on such hybrids of carbon/inorganic‐nanomaterial heterostructures are discussed and illustrated in connection to enzyme electrodes for blood glucose or immunoassays of cancer markers. Several strategies for using carbon/inorganic nanohybrids in such bioaffinity and biocatalytic sensing are described, including the use of hybrid nanostructures for tagging or modifying electrode transducers, use of inorganic nanomaterials as surface modifiers along with carbon nanomaterial label carriers, and carbon nanostructure‐based electrode transducers along with inorganic amplification tags. The implications of these nanoscale bioconjugated hybrid materials on the development of modern electrochemical biosensors are discussed along with future prospects and challenges.