Use Of Gas Fuels Research Articles

STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF FEED PRESSURE AND NOZZLE CHANNEL CROSS-SECTIONS ON FUEL SUPPLY PROCESSES IN GAS-DIESEL LOW-SPEED TWO-STROKE LOW-PRESSURE ENGINES

The use of gas fuels for marine two-stroke low-speed internal combustion engines is considered by the International Maritime Organization as the main tool for implementing the program adopted in 2018 to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by half by 2050 compared to 2008. In this regard, the world's leading manufacturers of this type of engines are actively engaged in research and development work aimed at developing, designing, manufacturing and putting them into operation. In this class of engines, there are a number of limitations that do not allow the existing experience of converting four-stroke marine engines to gas fuel to be applied to them. In this regard, each manufacturer develops its own approaches to solving this problem. As a result, two fundamentally different approaches were outlined - this is the supply of gas fuel directly to the working cylinder at the beginning and at the end of the compression stroke. Each of these methods has its own advantages and disadvantages. Earlier, the authors showed that in addition to the already implemented technical solutions, other approaches can be used related to the supply of gas fuel into the working cylinder under a pressure of 4.0...6.0 MPa, which allow combining the advantages of both methods implemented in practice and significantly reduce their inherent disadvantages. In particular, reducing the residence time of the gas-air mixture in the working cylinder of the engine during the compression stroke is an effective method of combating knocking combustion that occurs in low-pressure engines. In turn, this time depends on the pressure under which the gas fuel is supplied to the gas supply module and on the characteristics of its outflow through the flow path of this device. This article is devoted to the study of the influence of the design features of the flow path on the formation of the trajectories of gas fuel movement and the parameters of its outflow from the gas module to the working cylinder under conditions of changing back pressure.

The effects of the use of acetylene gas as an alternative fuel in a gasoline engine

In internal combustion engines, the use of gas fuels is becoming widespread due to its advantages such as low cost and being more environmentally friendly. Acetylene is one of the gas fuels seen as an alternative to petroleum-based fuels in internal combustion engines. In this experimental study, the availability of acetylene gas, a gas fuel, at 1600 rpm, 2400 rpm and 3200 rpm engine speeds in a spark plug-fired engine was investigated. Acetylene gas was added to gasoline by 5% and 10% of the mass and its effect on exhaust emissions was studied. The results showed that adding acetylene gas to gasoline by mass increased CO, CO2 and NOx emissions and exhaust gas temperature. HC, oxygen emissions and air supply coefficient decreased.

Improving efficiency of use of gas fuels in automobile

The paper discusses ways to increase the efficiency of using propane-butane compositions on board a car. The main reasons for the decrease in power during the transition from gasoline to propane-butane are given and the ways to solve them by changing the conditions of supply to the engine intake, as well as the use of thermochemical recovery of exhaust heat, are analyzed.

Characterization of particle number and mass size distributions from a small compression ignition engine operating in diesel/methane dual fuel mode

The use of gas fuels in compression ignition engines through dual fuel technology represents a promising way to reach a good compromise among sustainable development, energy conservation and environmental preservation. Dual fuel is an operation mode in which the gas, the primary fuel, is mixed with air in the intake manifold before entering into the cylinder. The air–fuel mixture is then ignited by a small amount of liquid fuel directly injected in the cylinder towards the end of the compression stroke. Methane is particularly attractive because of its potential to reduce particulate emissions that are likely the most critical issue of diesel engine exhaust. The present work deals with an experimental activity carried out on a compression ignition engine modified to run in diesel/methane dual fuel mode. The engine is a three-cylinder, 1.0L of displacement, equipped with a common rail injection system. Experiments were carried out at different engine speeds and loads. For each engine speed, a fixed part of the total energy was supplied by the diesel combustion and the remaining by varying the concentration of methane in the intake. Thermodynamics analysis of the combustion process was performed by in-cylinder pressure signal. Particulate matter emissions were measured at the exhaust by commercial instruments. The sizing and the counting of the particles were performed in the diameter range 5.6–560nm. It was found out that the effect of diesel/methane combustion on particle formation is strongly affected by the operating condition. In particular, it arose that DF combustion emits lower amount of particles whose size with respect to diesel fuel is related to the different combustion evolution.