Use Of Excavation Research Articles

Study of the Production and Efficiency of Variable and Loading Equipment in the Mining of Minerals

This article reviewed and analyzed the study of performance and efficiency of exchange-loading equipment. Despite a number of previous studies in this area, many issues require further in-depth study. In particular, the influence of operational factors on the nature of the total resistances overcome by the drive for the use of excavation and loading equipment has not been sufficiently studied, the dependence of the change in the power component of the diesel load mode during the technological cycle and its influence on the energy intensity of the process have not been determined.

Environmental Assessment of Demolition Tools Used in Townhouse Demolition: System Dynamics Modeling

To accommodate population growth and migration to cities, many infrastructures have been demolished to build new residential units. Demolition processes cause various environmental problems globally and locally. The selection of methods used in demolition is crucial to reduce the long-term environmental impact. This study considers various combination tools used in townhouse demolition in Thailand, examines their environmental impacts, and suggests the combination of the tools to be used in the long term. The system dynamics (SD) modeling approach is utilized in this study to capture the changes in townhouse units, sizes, demolition tools, demolition time, and the work rates of tools and their effects on the environment. This approach has the capability to model complex relationships and examine long-term trends. Secondary data are employed to identify variables necessary for SD model development, such as the different sizes of townhouses in Thailand, the various types of demolition tools used in the construction industry, and environmental impacts from building demolition. The simulation results revealed that Combination 4, i.e., the use of demolition robots and hydraulic splitters, is the most effective combination to reduce the final impact percentage in the long term. Compared with the other three combinations, it generates the lowest CO2eq emissions, energy consumption, noise, dust, and heat. If demolition robots are not yet available, Combination 1 (i.e., the use of excavators, jackhammers, and flame-cutters) offers the lowest environmental impact in the long term. This study provides guidelines for decision-makers in the construction industry to make sustainable choices of demolition tools and techniques used for townhouse demolition to reduce long-term environmental impacts.

Newhailes: an 18th-century designed landscape in Scotland and its role in enlightenment social theatre

SUMMARY: Newhailes House on the outskirts of Edinburgh is surrounded by an 18th-century designed landscape which encapsulates the philosophical and aesthetic concerns of the Scottish Enlightenment. Through the use of excavation and building surveys this paper examines the surviving elements of this landscape and discusses how their design and function can be interpreted as tools to negotiate, create and sustain social structures.

Sustainable adobe bricks with construction wastes

The objective of this research was to manufacture sustainable adobe bricks from mixtures integrating clay excavation wastes, recycled binding aggregates from concrete having a particle size distribution of 0·96 mm and recycled mixed aggregates and binding wastes with a particle size distribution ranging from 0·64 mm to fines, wood cutting wastes and a liquid mixture of water and Opuntia ficus-indica (mucilage) extract as a natural additive. A sustainable manufacturing process was used in which the clay material typically used in the traditional manufacturing of adobe bricks was replaced by excavation wastes of originally unknown composition obtained during the construction of two buildings, in order to investigate whether various excavation wastes having appropriate clay contents can be used as raw materials for manufacturing sustainable adobe bricks. Before using these wastes, preliminary particle size distribution, plasticity and hardness tests were performed in order to determine the appropriate residue dosages for manufacturing adobe bricks. The results have shown that the use of excavation wastes different from the clay soil usually used ensures the quality requested by the Mexican standard for non-structural adobe bricks. Currently, further studies are being conducted to promote their use in building elements.

The Application Status and Prospects of Vibro Ripper

Vibro ripper is a new pattern of breaker hammer, The hydraulic pump is the power source, Hydraulic oil as the working medium. By the hydraulic energy into mechanical energy of actuator mechanism, It works by the impact force, Vibro ripper combined with the use of excavators. The crushing effect is amazing. This paper introduced the domestic of research and development status of the vibro ripper home and abroad. The key technology of the vibro ripper were summarized and analyzed. Put forward the development trend base on these aspect.

Design of New Excavator with Telescopic Arm

In order to make better use of excavator in foundation pit, a new excavator with telescopic arm is designed in this paper. The innovations mainly manifests in four aspects. First, the use of telescopic arm decreases the height for the excavation in foundation pit. Secondly, the design of truss-guide and trolley brings a high speed to excavator’s lateral move in large scale, easy for dirt shoveling in the wide foundation pit. Thirdly, the travelling system with two pails of dual-pedrail makes it possible for excavator free walking, flexible steering, and obstacle avoiding. The last but not the least, the wireless remote control technology can keep operators distant from danger and other unpleasant working conditions.

The use of excavator in forest road construction in Karst region of Turkey.

In this study, forest road construction techniques, environm ental damages, cross sections and productivity by using hydraulic excavator vvere investigated in forested lands in Antalya region of Turkey. Besides, cross sections of excavator vvere com pared according to gradient. Differences of fill-slope and cut-slope in the cross sections were determ ined. M axim um length of fili slope for excavator was found to be 17 m on 80% slope gradient. The cost of excavator vvas calculated as $21.8 per meter. Productivity of excavator vvas found as 105.8 m3/h.

The use and misuse of 'legacy data' in identifying a typology of retail outlets at Pompeii

This article commences with a summary of the ways in which various types of retail outlets have been identified at Pompeii. The conventional approach has been to identify them, and to determine their supposed activities, by the Latin terms that were casually attached to them on their discovery in the 18th and 19th centuries, even though these labels have no corroboration in the archaeological record. Subsequent scholars have commonly treated this interpretative compilation as 'primary data'. I propose a different approach to the identification of Pompeii's different types of retail food and drink outlets, one that draws on the available primary archaeological data, as well as to the use of excavation records to create 'legacy data'.

Can you dig it? Use of excavation, a risky foraging tactic, by dugongs is sensitive to predation danger

Foraging and vigilance are mutually exclusive for some foraging tactics but not others. Thus, in response to changes in predation danger, prey species with multiple foraging tactics may switch facultatively between them, allowing for differential levels of vigilance. Using data from focal observations collected over 4 years (2002–2004, 2006) in Shark Bay, Western Australia, we explored the use of two tactics, cropping and excavation, by dugongs, Dugong dugon, foraging under risk of predation by tiger sharks, Galeocerdo cuvier. Overall, dugongs predominantly used the cropping tactic, which allows for regular visual scans, to harvest temperate sea grass species. Dugongs only used the excavation tactic, which precludes regular visual scans but allows individuals to access the nutritious rhizomes of preferred tropical sea grass species, in months when tropical species were most available (February–May). However, during these months the time dugongs allocated to excavation was inversely related to shark abundance rather than the availability of these sea grass species. We conclude that use of foraging tactics by dugongs is sensitive to predation danger, and that individuals manage their risk of mortality via reduced use of a profitable but potentially hazardous tactic when the likelihood of encountering predators is high. Excavating dugongs are more likely to disrupt sea grass meadow structure and promote succession than are those engaged in cropping. Thus, by altering the time dugongs devote to these alternative tactics, tiger sharks may exert an indirect effect on sea grass patch composition and structure and, ultimately, benthic communities.

Rosa rugosa Thunb. ex Murray

Rosaceae, Rosoideae, Rosa L.; subgenus Eurosa Focke; section Cinnamomeae (DC.) Rehder. Japanese Rose. Rhizomatous multi-stemmed erect deciduous shrub, strongly suckering, mature clones forming impenetrable thickets. Rhizomes woody, with orange-brown cortex and triangulate scale leaves. Rhizome branches and suckers emerge from axillary buds subtended by scale leaves. In addition, suckers may arise from buds on the roots. Stems erect, sometimes arching, to 1.5( − 2) m, often much branched, tomentose when young, densely prickly. Cortex light yellowish brown. Prickles subulate, slender and straight, of all sizes down to acicles. Larger prickles tomentose, at least near the base, and usually glabrous in the apical part. Leaves alternate with (5–)7–9 leaflets contiguous on the rachis. Leaflets nearly equally sized, 2–5 × 1.5–3 cm, leathery and robust, widely elliptical, acute, with broadly cuneate or rounded base. Adaxial side dark green, conspicuously bullate or rugose, rather shiny. Abaxial side green-grey, tomentose to pubescent, with sessile pale glands, and with reticulate nervation. Leaf margin bluntly and simply crenate-serrate, involute, edge of teeth often deflexed. Petiole and rachis densely pubescent, and with many unequal subulate prickles. Stipules pale green, densely pubescent, 2.5 × 1–1.5 cm, divergent, the free part broadly ovate or deltoid. Flowers usually solitary or few together, 6–9 cm across, fragrant, nectarless. Sepals 2–3 cm, entire, with a broad, expanded tip, appressedly pubescent, aciculate and glandular (sometimes with stipitate glands), erect on the hip, persistent. Petals five, bright purplish-pink, sometimes white ( R. rugosa f. alba (Ware) Rehder). Stamens 200– 250 per flower, and styles often more than hundred. Styles pilose; stigmas in a large, domed head, sunk in the narrow, concave disc; disc 2.5–4 mm across; orifice large, at least half the diameter of the disc. A hypanthium (hip) encloses the achenes. It is depressed globose, 1.5–2 cm long and 2–2.5 cm wide, with a distinct neck below the sepals, dull green to orange when unripe, becoming glossy and brilliant red when ripe, most often smooth. Pedicel of the same length as the hip, tomentose, often with gland-tipped acicles, erect in flower, curved in fruit so that the hip points downwards. Achenes with a woody-bony pericarp enclosing the seed. Achenes broadly ovoid, obtusely angular, 4.0–6.0 mm long and 2.0–2.6 mm wide and 1.8–2.2 mm thick, with a distinct suture on both ventral and dorsal sides, hilum basal. Achene surface more or less lustrous, orange-brown. Mean seed (achene) mass is 6.6 mg. The albumen is oily. No subspecies of R. rugosa have been recognized in the British Isles. Despite the many cultivated varieties of the species, mainly forms close to the wild type are seen naturalized. However, naturalized clones may be confused with R. × hollandica (syn. R. × kamtchatica ). This taxon differs morphologically from R. rugosa by having soft-textured, dull leaflets, without prominent veins, less prickly stems, conspicuously glandular sepals, and smaller flowers and hips (Rutherford 1990). Taxonomic position: Rosa L., subgenus Eurosa Focke (syn. subgen. Rosa ), section Cinnamomeae (DC) Rehder (syn. sect. Rosa ; sect. Cassiorhodon Dumort.). Section Cinnamomeae is central in the subgenus Eurosa , which contains all but four of the approximately 150 Rosa species in the world. The diploid species of this section, including R. rugosa , are probably basal in the reticulate evolutionary series from diploid species to irregular polyploid species within this genus (Erlanson 1938; Grossi et al . 1998). Originally introduced as a garden and landscape ornamental, and widely used as rootstock for other cultivated roses, R. rugosa can be found in many different cultivated settings. Now a well-established naturalized alien occurring scattered throughout Britain and invasive in fixed dunes and other coastal habitats.

Open and underground mining experience with and prospects for use of excavators with vibratory buckets in quarries

Open and underground mining experience with and prospects for use of excavators with vibratory buckets in quarries