Use Of Electronic Data Interchange Research Articles

Digital transformation in accounting firms in Poland

Unlike large organizations, the digital transformation (DT) of the micro-, small- and medium-sized enterprise sector has not been the subject of much academic research. DT and the use of old and new digital technologies in accounting firms that provide accounting services to companies in this sector have not really attracted any scholarly interest. This article contributes to some extent to filling this research gap. In addition to a review of the literature on DT, particularly electronic data interchange (EDI) and robotic process automation (RPA) in SMEs, and the outsourcing of accounting services in the context of DT, selected results from 3 different empirical studies covering these issues that were conducted in Poland are presented and commented on. Two studies used the survey method and the third one – the interview method. The studies showed that: 1) 1 in 3enterprises surveyed that use the services of an accounting firm transmit documents electronically, 2) less than 1 in 10 clients have integrated their IT system with the accounting firm's financial and accounting system and transmit documents via EDI, 3) 1 in 2 accounting firms surveyed use RPA software, 4) 60% of all the documents delivered to the accounting firms surveyed are processed by RPA. The main conclusion of the present study is that the degree of digital transformation of accounting firms in Poland, involving the automation of processes using RPA software, can be described as relatively good, while the use of EDI for the exchange of accounting documents is low.

Teaching case: electronic data interchange in port information systems

ABSTRACT Sea ports play an essential role in oceanic transport of cargo in global supply chains. Today, the maritime industry is facing many challenges, including efficiently and effectively integrating national and international participants. The lack of transparency and flexibility results in lengthened shipping time, worsened service levels, waste of resources, and higher costs. This challenge can be addressed with the use of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) as a major component of modern Port Information Systems. The main purpose of this case is to study how the application of EDI can improve port operations at Mapulo, Zuanbia in Southeast Asia. This case helps students and practitioners understand important information systems related issues in port operations. In addition, the case allows both groups to consider further refinements, given that most emerging countries are often faced with a lack of resources. This is a fictitious case. The data cited in the case are based upon the implementation of EDI at an actual port in an emerging nation but the name and location of the port have been disguised. Any similarity contained herein to actual persons, businesses, events, etc. is purely coincidental and is the responsibility of the author(s). Please contact the case author(s) directly with any concerns.

Use of Intuitionistic Fuzzy Numbers in Survey Sampling Analysis with Application in Electronic Data Interchange

The validity of survey sampling depends on how precise the data is. The validity reduces when questionnaire contains linguistic variables and respondent has to answer in zero or one. The ambiguity in the respondent’s mind can be minimized by getting a response in an intuitionistic fuzzy sense. In this study, we proposed intuitionistic fuzzy aggregative investment benefit rate to select the best manufacturing facility location, where respondents expressed both membership function and nonmembership function for linguistic variables, with some hesitancy level, and give significant improvement over the fuzzy assessment method. The proposed methodology is also verified at different hesitancy levels and recommended to use a small hesitancy level. Real-life example of the use of electronic data interchange (EDI) in Pakistan’s different fields, such as business, commerce, transport, airlines, warehousing, and logistic and delivery industry, is used to support the proposed methodology. Thus, an intuitionistic fuzzy rate reduces the cost, time, and effort of survey sampling instead of taking and analyzing responses from large samples.

Electronic Data Interchange and Demand Forecasting Implications on Supply Chain Management Collaboration: A Customer Service Perspective

Customer service is a very important aspect within the supply chain. Through collaboration, the goal of each party within the supply chain is to add value to a product, in order to accelerate good customer service. Good customer service leads to customer satisfaction and most importantly it developed customer loyalty. These are the main goal of ever firm in the supply chain, starting from raw material, production, distribution and down to the final consumer. This work is developed to investigate the impact of supply chain management collaboration activities on customer service in an inter-organizational context. This is done by examining how effective collaboration in supply chain management creating confidence and trust between vendor-customer relationships that provides benefit to both organizations; one of such benefit is improved customer service. This can be obtained through the use of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), which ensures that products are delivered to customers faster with great accuracy, and demand forecasting and inventory management, which ensures that vendors maintain optimal inventory level so that they always have what customers want in stock. The method used in this work is by gathering information from several articles, journals and text books relating to this research work. There is a total of 49 including journals, books and articles used in this work, all of which are related to this study.

Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Transaksi Elektronik Ritel Pupuk Dengan Metode Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)

Fertilizer distribution from distributor to agents, are required to be responsive in addressing the demand for fertilizers. Distributors are also required to be able to manage inventory in the warehouse, to avoid overstocking of fertilizer. Design and implementation of a fertilizer retail electronic commerce applications using electronic data interchange (EDI) method is applied in this study. The system is built to help distributors to control the existence of the stock of fertilizer so no excess stock. In addition, the use of EDI can provide information quickly (real-time) without having to go directly to the warehouse locations. Keywords : Application, Retail, Electronic data interchange (EDI)

Adopting E-Business in Small and Medium Enterprise

INTRODUCTION Electronic business (e-business) has become a part of everyday life for individuals and businesses. Advances in technology including web based technology have made e-business cost effective and easy to implement for even small businesses. The benefits and applications derived from e-business are vast and can be applied in areas including shipping, sales, advertising, supply chain, and electronic data interchange. Businesses are finding implementation of e- business a necessity to compete in the marketplace. In contrast to the benefits derived from the applications of e-business, Internet technologies have increased individual vulnerabilities to fraud and theft and raised concerns about privacy and policy (Magid, Tatikonda & Cochran, 2009). Advances in technology are expected to reduce individual vulnerabilities and increase the benefits and applications of e-business. RFID is a current technology being implemented, tested and improved and are expected to shape the future of electronic commerce. HISTORY OF E-BUSINESS E-business refers to the process of exchanging goods, services, and payments through electronic transactions typically performed through electronic data interchange (EDI), virtual private networks (VPN's) or the Internet. The origins of electronic business transactions or e-commerce can be traced back as early as 1910 when a group of florists developed a network utilizing the telegraph to exchange out-of-town orders for floral arrangements. This network developed into the Florists' Telegraph Delivery group which still exists today as FTD, Inc., (Hayes, 2002). The next major development in e-business came in 1948 during the Berlin airlift. Tons of food and supplies were flown to West Berlin, Germany by the United States as a result of Soviet road and railway blockades separating East and West Germany. The airlift required manifests to track the shipments of the supplies but the current manifest system had multiple forms making it difficult for timely processing of the complex tracking. As a result, U.S. Army Master Sgt. Edward A. Guilbert developed a manifest system that could be transmitted by telex, radio-teletype, or telephone (Hayes, 2002) allowing for electronic shipping transactions of the supplies. Guilbert took this concept to DuPont Co. in the 1960's and helped develop another standard electronic system for delivering order/shipping information between DuPont and one of its suppliers, Chemical Leahman Tank Lines. Electronic manifest systems flourished in the shipping industries for the next three years. The Transportation Data Coordinating Committee (TDCC) was formed in 1968 to set up standards among industries (not just the shipping industry). In 1975, they published the electronic data interchange (EDI) specifications (Hayes, 2002). Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) refers to the transfer of business information through computers using a standard format. Businesses rely on the telecommunications infrastructure, an early version of e-business network, to carry out the information exchange of EDI. When EDI first began being utilized, many companies developed their own proprietary EDI protocols. Only vendors or other business affiliates that had the same corresponding system could use these protocols. Therefore, typically only the largest companies who could afford to develop these protocols used EDI specifications. Value added networks (VAN's) were hence developed during this time by third party companies. They provided the EDI connection between businesses that did not have the appropriate capacity or means to develop one. Even so, the applications of EDI were kept developing throughout the shipping, food, automotive, and retail industries. As the use of EDI grew, more and more companies demanded their vendors or suppliers utilize these systems. As a result, a universal public EDI standard was developed called ANSI X12 in 1984 (Weisman, 2000). …

The Impact of Information Technology on Motor Carrier Productivity

This study examines the relationship between motor carrier productivity, marketing strategy, and use of information technology for a sample of U.S. general freight commodity carriers. We use a unique data set containing information on firm marketing strategy and information technology use collected in a survey of Class I and II motor carrier firms (U.S. Department of Transportation, 1999). 
 The measure of productivity used here is the non-parametric Malmquist Index as explained in Grosskopf (1993) and previously applied to general freight motor carriers by McMullen and Okuyama (2000). The Malmquist Index is decomposed into two components: economic efficiency change (EC) and technical efficiency change (TC). 
 A tobit model regression model is used to examine the relationship between firm productivity, marketing strategy, and use of information technology. Information technologies included in the tobit analysis are electronic data interchange (EDI) and satellite communications (SATCOM). We also include firm size, use of owner-operators, and percent unionization as explanatory variables in the tobit regression. 
 Results indicate that use of EDI has a positive and significant impact on economic efficiency (EC). Firms that try to market their product by providing service at the "lowest freight rate" are found to exhibit greater technical efficiency (TC), suggesting that productivity and cost measures that ignore marketing strategy may be biased. Finally, economic efficiency (EC) is found to be significantly greater for firms that are more heavily unionized.

Supply chain coordination using EDI with performance implications

Focusing on Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), this paper investigates a company's use of coordinating activities and supply chain management. It is shown that firms approach the use of coordination activities differently, depending on whether the supply chain member is a supplier or a customer. This research indicates that the most significant improvements from the use of EDI occur in companies that emphasise partnerships with suppliers and a systems and information technology focus with customers. When the focus is on accommodating customers or on customer partnerships, no correlation with performance improvements is observed.

Private Network EDI vs. Internet Electronic Markets: A Direct Comparison of Fulfillment Performance

Prior literature has documented the performance benefits from the use of electronic data interchange (EDI) and the Internet. Using purchase and fulfillment records from the U.S. government's Federal Supply Service, we provide a direct comparison of performance between a private network EDI channel and an Internet electronic market. Performance is measured using order cycle time and complete orders fulfilled. Our findings show that the Internet-based electronic market outperforms the EDI-based channel on these two important measures. Order cycle times were significantly lower when using the Internet-based electronic market, whereas the percentage of complete shipments was significantly higher after controlling for product, transaction, seller, and buyer-specific factors. The electronic market even outperforms the EDI channel when buyer and transaction characteristics favor the use of EDI. Because EDI is still prevalent in many industries, these results point to the gains that may be realized by switching to the newer technology.

An Empirical Investigation of EDI Usage and Performance Improvement in Food Supply Chains

The use of electronic data interchange (EDI) and related coordination activities among supply chain members can improve supply chain performance. This study examines the relationship between a number of variables relating to EDI usage and supply chain coordination activities and performance improvements in efficiency, productivity, and competitiveness. Our main research questions are: (1) how does a firm's approach to its EDI implementation and supply chain coordination affect the type and amount of performance improvement? and (2) what factors are critical to the successful implementation of EDI? Using data from a survey of the food industry's supply chain members, we build logistic regression models to identify the most important factors relating to a successful EDI implementation and performance improvement. We find that, while several different factors contribute to the various aspects of the performance improvement, developing EDI systems with a focus on a firm's customers is critical to the improvement of all performance measures.

The impact of partnership attributes on EDI implementation success

The growing interest in the use of electronic data interchange (EDI) to revolutionize the way in which business conducts trading activities leads to research questions concerning the characteristics of electronic partnerships that promote implementation success. The research model in this study shows that partnership attributes affect EDI implementation, which has three dimensions: integration, utilization, and diversity, and performance. Partnership attributes encompass partner trust, interdependence, and commitment. Results show that partner trust, interdependence, and commitment affect the extent to which companies undertake EDI integration and increase the percentage of EDI exchange and performance. This suggests that companies contemplating EDI should set up compatible business processes and a high-quality partner relationship for implementation and performance.

EDI and cooperation in the supply chain: an empirical study in the Spanish automotive supply industry

This paper studies the determinants of electronic data interchange (EDI) adoption and use in the Spanish automotive supply industry and the moderation effect of cooperation within the supply chain. The empirical results indicate that EDI adopters perceive more operational benefits, more external pressure and mutual understanding, and less technical and organisational difficulties than do non-adopters. The use of EDI is greater among suppliers that perceive more strategic benefits and less cost and organisational difficulties, have a proactive management, are less dependent on suppliers, and adopt EDI earlier. Cooperation is a moderator of organisational difficulties for EDI adoption and use, and strategic benefits for EDI use.

The use of EDI for interorganisational co‐operation and co‐ordination in the supply chain

This article analyses the moderation effect of co‐operation on electronic data interchange (EDI) adoption, and the influence of EDI use on the co‐ordinating activities in the automotive supply chain. The empirical results from a survey of 116 Spanish automotive suppliers indicate that EDI adopters perceive more operational benefits, more external pressure and mutual understanding, and fewer technical and organisational difficulties than do non‐adopters of EDI. The use of EDI is greater among suppliers that perceive more strategic benefits and fewer cost and organisational difficulties, have a proactive management, are less dependence on suppliers, and adopt EDI earlier. Co‐operation is a moderator of organisational difficulties for EDI adoption and use, and strategic benefits for the use of EDI. The results also show that companies use EDI to become more co‐ordinated with suppliers and customers.

The impact of electronic data interchange on reducing bullwhip effect and supply chain inventory costs

Abstract This paper uses a web-based supply chain simulator to demonstrate the potential benefits of using Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) in supply chain management. The simulation experiment measures the impact of EDI on mean inventory costs, orders placed, cumulative cost, amplification and net excess stock in the supply chain. In all cases, there are statistically significant reductions in the values of the variables studied for the simulations with EDI. The comprehensive use of EDI provides substantial savings in costs as well as notable improvements in supply chain management.

The impact of partnership attributes on EDI implementation success

The growing interest in the use of electronic data interchange (EDI) to revolutionize the way in which business conducts trading activities leads to research questions concerning the characteristics of electronic partnerships that promote implementation success. The research model in this study shows that partnership attributes affect EDI implementation, which has three dimensions: integration, utilization and diversity, and performance. Partnership attributes encompass partner trust, interdependence, and commitment. Results show that partner trust, interdependence, and commitment affect the extent to which companies undertake EDI integration and increase the percentage of EDI exchange and performance. This suggests that companies contemplating EDI should set-up compatible business processes and a high-quality partner relationship for implementation and performance.

The Social and Organizational Consequences of the Implementation of Electronic Data Interchange Systems: Reinforcing Existing Power Relations or a Contested Domain?

This paper is based on a survey of UK firms making use of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), and deals with the social and organizational consequences stemming from the adoption of these systems. It was found that a major factor impelling the adoption of EDI systems was pressure from major customers rather than a desire to streamline work organization. However, they do represent a capital intensification of work in the areas of purchasing and supply. This may ultimately erode the position of the less skilled incumbents of the lower job bands, standardizing functions, and, over the medium and long terms, may facilitate downsizing. It is concluded that, above all, EDI represents a strengthening of existing power relationships and imbalances between organizations, a process which opens up few opportunities for the empowerment of the rank-and-file within them.

The use of electronic data interchange for supply chain coordination in the food industry

Supply chain management (SCM) is concerned with the relationship between a company and its suppliers and customers. It is characterized by interorganizational coordination: companies working jointly with their customers and suppliers to integrate activities along the supply chain to effectively supply product to customers. More developed SCM is indicated by systematic integration, i.e. standardized and automatic interorganizational interfaces. Information technology (IT) engenders such systematic integration by allowing more efficient and automatic information flow. This research focuses on electronic data interchange (EDI), an important class of IT used for interorganizational information transfers in the supply chain. Data from a survey of the food industry is used to examine the use of EDI with respect to interfirm coordination activities involving suppliers and customers. The influence of demographic characteristics on EDI use is also investigated. The results suggest that firms view EDI as a tool for improving efficiencies rather than as a tool for facilitating supply chain integration. There is also a surprising difference in firms use of EDI with customers vis-à-vis suppliers. Firms tend to be much more accommodating of the desires of their customers than of their suppliers.

The Use of EDI in the Automotive Supplier Industry: Differences between First-Tiers and Second-Tiers

This paper reports the results from a survey to Spanish automotive suppliers about the adoption of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI). The paper focuses on the differences between first-tiers and second-tiers about barriers, benefits and motives for adopting EDI. The survey also analyzes the differences in the use of EDI between both groups of companies and the use of Internet to manage the supply chain.

THE IMPACT OF ELECTRONIC DATA INTERCHANGE ON DELIVERY PERFORMANCE

After several years of use of electronic data interchange (EDI) in various industries, the literature is still inconclusive regarding the benefits gained from its usage. We investigated contextual factors of two types: non‐managerial (product diversity, product customization, production instability, and organizational size) and managerial (just‐in‐time and quality management), that might have confounded past results. Our results indicate that the extent of EDI use is significantly related to delivery performance after controlling for the above‐mentioned factors. Furthermore, the data set supported the moderating effect of production instability on the relationship between the extent of EDI use and delivery performance achieved, but failed to support the moderating effect of organizational size.

Avaliação das condições logísticas para a adoção do ECR nos supermercados brasileiros

O presente artigo tem dois objetivos distintos. O primeiro é o de identificar os requisitos necessários à implantação da filosofia do efficient consumer response (ECR) por parte dos supermercados. O segundo propósito é o de avaliar as condições logísticas atuais das principais redes brasileiras em termos da utilização das práticas propostas pelo ECR. A identificação dos requisitos para a introdução de tais procedimentos é feita com base na literatura e em entrevistas com especialistas. A situação atual dos supermercados brasileiros é avaliada com base em uma pesquisa de campo. Conclui-se que o relacionamento dos supermercados com a indústria ainda é muito pouco expressivo. A principal razão apontada é a baixa utilização do eletronic data interchange (EDI).