Use Of Cytoprotective Agents Research Articles

Cytoprotective agents in stroke: Still uncertainty in the next frontier

IntroductionDespite substantial improvement of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) care with the advent of extended time windows for intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and endovascular thrombectomy (EVT), a substantial portion of patients still suffer poor outcomes. Additional adjuvant therapies are needed but pharmacologic interactions among therapies may dictate how they could be used. We conducted a survey to determine physician decision-making regarding the use of cytoprotective agents in patients presenting with AIS. MethodsThe survey was structured, web-based, anonymous, and invite-only among physicians across the world treating patients presenting with AIS. Respondents were asked about the use of a hypothetical cytoprotective agent (that provided an added 10% benefit) in the context of a treatment interaction with IVT or its timing in relation to IVT. ResultsA total of 282 stroke physicians (74.9% males, mean age 46 years) participated in the survey. When the respondent could give both the cytoprotective agent and IVT with no treatment interaction, 177 (78.0%) chose to administer both. In the presence of treatment interaction, 88 (38.3%) would withhold IVT, 83 (36.1%) would withhold the cytoprotective agent and 56 (24.4%) were uncertain. Lastly, 111 (48.9%) were willing to administer the cytoprotective agent if it meant a necessary 10-minute delay in IVT administration. ConclusionsPharmacologic interactions result in major uncertainty about cytoprotective treatment choices.

Cytoprotection in gastroesophageal reflux disease and prospects for the use of cytoprotective agents

The analysis of publications is devoted to the problem of treatment and prevention of gastroesophageal reflux disease with the use of cytoprotectors. Special attention is paid to Gastrotop, the new complex of plant origin. Gastrotop (Еrвоzета S.p.A, San Marino) is a new medication with cytoprotective action, containing Mucosave CG, a standardized complex of polysaccharides from the stems of Indian prickly pear (Opuntia ficus‑indica, 33.5%), leaves of European olive (Olea europaea, 24.0%); a mixture of sodium alginate and salts (sodium alginate — 50 mg, potassium bicarbonate — 10 mg, calcium carbonate — 10 mg), an extract of the leaves of Malva sylvestris L. 50 mg. Its action is aimed at the increasing of protection of esophageal and gastroduodenal mucosa from irritating effects of hydrochloric acid, pepsin, and the detergent effect of bile during reflux by means of formation of a strong mucoadhesive biofilm on the walls of the esophagus. The authors present the results of a randomized, double‑blind, controlled clinical trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of a preparation based on alginate/sodium bicarbonate in combination with extracts obtained from Opuntia ficus indica and Olea europaea related to polyphenols on the dynamics of GERD symptoms. It has been established that Gastrotop is well tolerated and effective in controlling symptoms associated with mild GERD manifestations. The results demonstrated the perspective of administration of a standardized complex of polysaccharides as part of Gastrotop in cases when it’s necessary to cancel antisecretory drugs (in particular, proton pump inhibitors PPIs), for example, before assessing the persistence of Helicobacter pylori infection or for the purpose of monitoring of the eradication effectiveness. The use of cytoprotectors in GERD promotes the reduction of incidence and prevention of possible complications, caused by the long‑term PPIs’ use.

Cytoprotective Agents Used in the Treatment of Patients With Cancer

To provide a review of the literature of commonly prescribed cytoprotective agents used in the treatment of patients with cancer. Journal articles, research reports, review articles, and web sites. Multiple agents have been theorized to have cytoprotective properties. Significant evidence exists supporting the use of some cytoprotective agents approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). More research is needed to determine the efficacy of new cytoprotective agents and expanded indications for those agents currently used. Knowledge of the indications for and side effect profiles of cytoprotective agents is a necessary component of oncology nursing care. Familiarity with evidence-based research that supports or refutes the use of FDA-approved cytoprotective agents or alternative agents is helpful when suggesting, prescribing, or administering such agents.

Use of NSAIDs.

Preview Certain populations, particularly the elderly, are vulnerable to complications from the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Rates of hospital admission for perforated ulcer are rising in these patients, who have an associated risk of gastrointestinal hemorrhage and death. Studies have shown that some NSAIDs cause less harm to the stomach and duodenum than others and that prostaglandin E analogues given concomitantly may protect the mucosa.