Use Of Confessions Research Articles

Revealing Truth through Diagnostics: From Disclosure Laws to Clinical Research for Novel Drug Development

This article examines the changing role of ‘confessional technologies’ (Foucault 1990) over the history of the HIV pandemic, beginning when US public health departments first rolled out testing campaigns and continuing in the present day through the expansion of diagnostic practices to support the development and implementation of pharmaceutical technologies for HIV prevention. Across this decades-long history, diagnostic practices have been shaped by ethical principles, legal mandates, and research priorities, which have compelled the individual who is ‘at risk’ of acquiring HIV to speak about their sexual practices and thus reveal hidden truths about one’s self to an intimate Other (Whitacre 2018). Indeed, public health ethics have long focused on confession as a means for disciplining safe sex and managing pleasure (Race 2007) and relied on these techniques to secure resources for survival (Nguyen 2010). I argue that confessions have recently become a productive means by which to generate evidence about the efficacy of pharmaceuticals. Practices of revealing truth have contributed to clinical evidence for pharmaceutical interventions, including the use of antiretrovirals for oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Considering the contemporary use of confessions in enabling the development of drug products and facilitating market growth, I contend that confessing should be understood as a form of labour.

“When Venus stays awake, Minerva sleeps”: a narrative of female sanctity in eighteenth-century Spain

ABSTRACT Written records of confession provide exceptional insight into private histories of women and the gender dynamics that shaped them. The sacrament of confession entailed an implicit inequality between men and women, given that the priest was considered to be shrouded in divine power while the penitent had to submit herself to his moral authority. Nevertheless, confession also offered women the opportunity to express themselves and to discuss and understand their spiritual concerns. Some hoped their confessors would recognize their religious charisma, which would involve an affirmation of individuality, autonomy and personal power. In Spain, we find key information about interactions between confessors and female penitents in inquisitorial trials. Specifically, sixteenth- to nineteenth-century records pertaining to the crime of solicitation shed light on such relationships. Whereas other offences were publicized, for moralizing or intimidating ends, the abusive use of confession by many clergymen – who sexually seduced and took advantage of their penitents – was kept secret to avoid disgracing the sacrament. An exception to this rule is found in the anti-papist treatise written by Antonio Gavín (1682–1750), a Spanish priest who, after converting to Protestantism in 1715 and adopting a rational religiosity, decided to denounce what he considered the false and corrupt practices of the Catholic Church, presenting his country as an antithesis to the Enlightenment. Gavín dedicated a considerable part of his work to describing relationships between confessors and their female penitents. Based on an inquisitorial trial that began in 1705, the account of Francisca Guerrero and her confessor, Miguel Navarro, holds special interest. Navarro himself was in charge of sanctifying the penitent and presenting her as a beata, which brought her substantial fame until her ultimate fall from grace.

Amours violents et passions dévorantes chez Simon Boulerice

Ce travail s’intéresse aux romans Les Jérémiades (2009), Javotte (2012) et L’enfant mascara (2016) de Simon Boulerice (Québec) afin de révéler la mise en récit des émotions, les stratégies de représentation de l’adolescence et la portée queer (transgressive et transformatrice) de ces textes. L’écriture boulericienne est ancrée dans l’exploration des émotions, des sentiments et des passions adolescentes (amour, haine, désir sexuel, angoisses) pour donner la parole à des personnages marginaux, souvent oubliés ou tus par une grande partie de la production littéraire. En particulier, ce travail analyse le rôle de la confession, la réécriture du conte, la prédominance du corps, et questionne les normes sociales. Mots-clé: Québéc, queer, corps, jeunesse, émotions

Kierownictwo duchowe alumnów seminariów duchownych i zakonników w prawie kanonicznym (I). Forma sakramentalna i pozasakramentalna

The study discusses the topic of the Canon Law, which determines requirements for spiritual directors in seminars and formational religious houses. The first part of the study presents standard requirements for confessors in the above mentioned context. Spiritual guidance is also a separate issue from holding the sacrament of reconciliation and that was the subject of the second part of the study. The Church Law strongly emphasizes the necessity to separate the internal forum from the external one. It is also vital to consider the needs of seminarists, religiouses and nuns in order to ensure their unrestrained use of confession and spiritual guidance.

“More of the Truth”: The Use of Confession in Sherman Alexie's Ten Little Indians

Many of the characters in Sherman Alexie's short story collection, Ten Little Indians, engage in confessional relationships for its ritual value as a form that creates a ceremony of shared experience. The confessors, due to this revelatory witnessing, often find themselves reoriented toward a choice or range of action that had seemed closed off. It clarifies their own harbored transgressions, burdening guilt, or acute longing for meaning amid seemingly inscrutable events.

A Foucauldian Analysis of Homosexuality

The present research paper approaches homosexuality from a Foucauldian perspective. Foucault's place and standing in a postmodern historical and cultural context will be explained. The paper outlines how homosexuality has been historically constructed and socially constituted. How sexuality became understood as a particular form of discourse, that is as a science, will be explored particularly with regard to the strategic use of confession as a producer of knowledge. I will present how homosexuality, as a medicalized, ontological identity was implanted in bodies and an entire pathological population was created. To reverse an excessive medicalized discourse of homosexuality, Foucault's prescription of moving to the care of self and predicating sexuality on the pleasure of bodies as opposed to scientific or clinical ideology will be discussed. Such critical analysis facilitates new imaginative spaces that can enable educators to engage in meaningful and informed dialogue around the various discourses surrounding homosexuality in a postmodern historical and cultural context.

Rebuttal to objections by Iacono and Verschuere et al.

The arguments presented by Iacono and Verschuere et al. against the publication of the Mangan et al. field study of the Quadri-Track Zone Comparison Technique in Physiology & Behavior , are based largely on dated articles that examined control question polygraph techniques whose psychological test structures, physiological analyses, and scoring systems are significantly different than those of the Quadri-Track ZCT. Iacono and Verschuere et al. alleged that the Quadri-Track ZCT is biased against the innocent and can be defeated with the use of countermeasures without considering the technique's unique “remedial inside track” that quantifies the innocent examinee's fear of error—and the guilty examinee's hope of error—which are factored into the overall score, thus avoiding false positive and false negative errors. Their objection to the use of confessions as the criterion for ground truth presumes that the polygraph examinations conducted in this field study were conducted in a vacuum. They ignored the various methods of post-test confirmation and research studies that support the use of confessions as ground truth. Verschuere et al. cited the National Research Council's 2003 report to support their conviction that the accuracy of polygraph tests is well below perfection and errors often occur. However, they failed to mention that the accuracy range values of the seven field studies which met the National Research Council’s scientific criteria were from 0.711 to 0.999 with a median value of 0.89, and that the field study with the highest accuracy (0.999) was from a published 1989 field study on the Quadri-Track Zone Comparison Technique.

Montage, Von Rad en Belydenis

Montage, Von Rad and Confession. Following Sailhamer's practice of using the term 'montage' as a herme-neutical key for understanding the canon of the Old Testament, this term is investigated and it is shown that Von Rad used it as a technique in his works on the Hexateuch. It is proposed that the same technique can be used in modem theologies and in the use of confessions.

Bias and Quality Control in Forensic Science: A Cause for Concern

Abstract Today science, technology, and criminological specialization pervade the criminal process. This evolution has not been without reason. Many of the mainstays of the field of law enforcement have been weakened, and in the process, law enforcement officials have come to rely more and more on science. Modern research has demonstrated an underlying unreliability in regard to eyewitness testimony. Court decisions have limited the use of confessions and altered police procedures regarding interviews and interrogations. Forensic science has emerged into the main arena of the law enforcement process. Like its predecessors, though, forensic science could fall into disuse unless it has the foresight to control and guide its destiny in a better fashion.

Constitutional Law: Due Process: Federal Restrictions on the Use of Confessions in State Criminal Proceedings

Constitutional Law: Due Process: Federal Restrictions on the Use of Confessions in State Criminal Proceedings