Use Of Composite Resin Research Articles

Publication trends of the Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry: A bibliometric analysis.

The Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry (JERD) stands out as one of the most prominent international journals publishing research in esthetic dentistry. This study analyzed articles published by JERD since the year 2000 through bibliometric analysis. The search was conducted in January 2024 using Scopus. The following data were extracted from the articles: citation count, year, language, access type, funding agency, study design, theme (general and specific), country, institution, authors, and keywords. The VOSviewer software was used to generate collaborative network maps among the data. Dimensions were consulted to measure altmetric data. Google Trends was used to investigate the global popularity of JERD research. A total of 1394 articles were included in this analysis. Citation count ranged from 0 to 625 (average: 16.9). Articles were published between 2000 and 2023. Laboratory studies were more prevalent (n = 850), with the most investigated general theme being restorative procedures (n = 882), and the highlighted specific theme being the use of composite resin (n = 327). The United States had the highest number of articles (n = 640), with the diverse distribution among other countries. The most common keyword was "cad/cam" (n = 63). VOSviewer demonstrated high collaboration among countries. Intense mentions were identified primarily on Facebook. According to Google Trends, Egypt was the country that searched for JERD the most. JERD exhibited significant growth in the number of published articles and their diversity by topics, types, origin (country), number of citations, and impact factor. The JERD is a journal that publishes studies influencing clinical practice. Identifying the key characteristics of this journal is essential for charting future paths.

Effect of Zirconia Thickness, Cement Color, and Titanium Implant Abutment Surface Treatment Type on the Esthetic Outcomes of High-Translucency Monolithic Zirconia.

To investigate the esthetic outcomes based on the color differences in zirconia (Zr) of varying thickness, resin cement color, and types of titanium (Ti) implant surface treatments. Overall, 28 high-translucency monolithic zirconia (HTMZ) specimens were arranged into four groups based on Zr thickness: 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 mm (n &#61; 7 per thickness). Each group was tested using two resin cement colors (clear and opaque) in combination with six surface-treated Ti groups (n &#61; 7), including untreated titanium (UT), anodization (AN), 50-μm alumina airborne-particle abrasion followed by AN (SBAN), AN followed by 50-μm alumina airborne-particle abrasion (ANSB), 9.5% hydrofluoric acid followed by AN (HFAN), and AN followed by 9.5% hydrofluoric acid (ANHF). This created a total of 48 experimental groups, including the use of composite resin (n &#61; 7, shade A2D) for four control groups. All specimens were measured using a spectrophotometer and subsequently compared with composite resin (control) with the corresponding Zr thickness to establish color differences. A color difference of < 2.7 was considered clinically acceptable. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and post hoc test (P &#61; .05). Zr thickness, resin cement color, and type of Ti implant surface treatment significantly affected the observed color differences (P < .05). When using 2.5-mm HTMZ with clear resin cement on AN, UT, SBAN, HFAN, and ANSB, the mean color differences were below the clinically acceptable values, and the 95% CIs of color differences were below the clinically acceptable values for AN, UT, and SBAN groups. HTMZ with a minimum thickness of 2.5 mm and clear resin cement on AN, UT, and SBAN groups potentially result in acceptable color matching with 95% CIs.

Resin inlays as an aesthetic alternative to conventional restorations in posterior teeth. Case study

The systematized professional experience was developed from the analysis of a case treated based on resin inlays as an aesthetic alternative to conventional restorations in posterior teeth. The description of the design and care protocol prior to the attention of the ethics committee is of relevant importance. The objective was to expose the use of composite resin under indirect technique as an alternative to the structural involvement of posterior teeth in a patient treated at the postgraduate clinic of the San Gregorio University of Portoviejo, Manabí, Ecuador. Dies were used as a basis for making the inlays using the incremental technique. To obtain the model, the arch of the selected teeth was impressed with alginate, followed by casting in light silicone for the prepared portion of the tooth and in type III stone plaster for the rest. The cementation process in the oral cavity is carried out with dual resin cement. After analyzing the information collected, an encouraging conclusion is reached that supports the viability and predictability of composite resins indirectly in clinical settings. This, of course, provided that there is a deep knowledge of the advantages and limitations inherent to the various materials involved. Likewise, it is positioned as a reasonable alternative for cases of considerably affected teeth, which, in some instances, could have been considered for more extensive treatments, such as crowns, which involves the removal of remaining dental tissue that could possibly have been preserved

Effect of lightcuring duration on color change of nanofiller composite resin on red grape juice immersion

Background: One of the aesthetic issues in the use of composite resin is the color change. The study aims to compare the color changes of nanofiller composite resin before and after immersion in red grape juice with different curing durations. Method: This study involved 18 round composite resins with a diameter of 12 mm and a thickness of 2 mm. The sample was divided into three groups (n=6); group A was cured for 20 seconds, group B for 30 seconds, and group C for 40 seconds. After curing, the samples were immersed in artificial saliva at 37°C for 24 hours before being measured by UV-vis spectrophotometer. The three groups were immersed in red grape juice for three days and the final color was measured. Data were analyzed using One Way Anova and Post Hoc LSD. Result: The One Way Anova test showed a significance value of 0.000, meaning (p &lt; 0.05) it was said that there was a significant difference in each group followed by a post hoc LSD test on composite resin cured for 20 seconds against 30 seconds. second group and 40 seconds to get a significant difference Conclusion: Longer curing duration can defend nanofiller composite resin against discoloration due to the consumption of grape juice.

A registry-based study of tooth-colored restorative materials for decayed teeth in Taiwan

Background/purposeAs esthetic demands with direct restorations, tooth-colored materials were used to replace amalgam filling gradually. However, little is known about the tooth-colored restorative materials for decayed teeth in Taiwan. In this study, the use of composite resin, glass ionomer cement, and compomer was analyzed by National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). Materials and methodsA retrospective study was conducted to analyze the registered database compiled by Taiwanese NHIRD from 1997 to 2013. The results were further to analyze the application of tooth-colored restorative materials by sex and age. In addition, time trends of dental visits for each tooth-colored restorative material were also investigated. ResultsThe average annual composite resin filling (CRF) ratio was 18.41% of nationwide population in Taiwan. The prevalence of CRF stratified by sex and age was significantly increased from 1997 to 2013 (P for trend <0.0001). The time trends of dental visits for CRF were significantly increased (P for trend <0.0001). The average annual glass ionomer cement filling (GICF) ratio was 1.79% of Taiwanese population. The prevalence of GICF stratified by sex and age was demonstrated a decreased pattern (P for trend <0.0001). The time trends of dental visits for GICF were significantly decreased (P for trend <0.0001). The average annual compomer filling ratio was 0.57% of whole population in Taiwan. ConclusionForm the results of this registry-based study, a significant increased trend of CRF for decayed teeth was observed in Taiwanese population during past 17 years.

Cierre de diastemas múltiples mediante el uso de resina universal Omnichroma. Reporte de caso clínico

The presence of diastemas is one of the most common aesthetic complaints among patients. The use of composite resins is a good aesthetic and functional option to perform restorations and implement restorative techniques in a minimally invasive way. The resin layering technique was introduced in 1980, giving very good results in color selection, but being the most complex procedure and requiring great technical skills in addition to an increase in clinical time. Composite materials and restorative techniques that aid in the simplified use of clinical protocols are highly sought after by dentists to reduce chair time and minimize post-operative sensitivity. It is for these reasons, in addition to simplifying shade taking, that Tokuyama Dental developed Omnichroma resin which claims to have the ability to copy the color of the remaining tooth substrate shortly after light curing known as the “Chameleon Effect” using a single shade. The objective of this article is to describe in detail, through a clinical case report, the closure of diastemas with Tokuyama Dental's Omnichroma universal resin.

Biomimetic Approach in Tooth Conservation and Fracture Resistance: A Short Descriptive Review of Current Biomaterials and Techniques

Background: New concepts such as biomimetic dentistry, minimally invasive approach, and the understanding of tooth biomechanics have changed the paradigm on how teeth need to be restored. The emergence of new biomaterials has allowed to improve bonding capacity, as well as the ability to reduce loading stress transmitted to the remaining tooth structure, making it possible to extend the life of a restoration and give the compromised tooth a second chance. To date, several studies have demonstrated the fracture resistance under uniaxial loading of restored Class II mesial-occlusal-distal (MOD) dental cavities in posterior teeth using different restorative biomaterials; however, many of those materials have not yet been compared with each other regarding fracture resistance. Objectives: A literature review was undertaken to revise current research focusing on the fracture resistance of MOD cavity preparations restored with different filling techniques, including microhybrid and nanohybrid composite resin, short discontinuous fiberglass reinforced composite resin, long continuous polyethylene fiber, fiberglass reinforced net, and the combination of these materials. Conclusion: This literature review offers information regarding currently used restorative biomaterials’ fracture resistance in restored MOD teeth. Most studies were conducted in vitro, demonstrating that fracture resistance under uniaxial load was higher in MOD cavity preparations restored with a combination of polyethylene fibers and composite resin (nanohybrid), followed by a combination of fiberglass and composite resin (nanohybrid). The reviewed information also revealed that the use of composite resin as a single material has the lowest fracture resistance and the highest percentage of catastrophic failures. Given the limited information regarding the combination of these biomaterials in a clinical setting it is suggested to perform controlled clinical trials by using the proposed combinations to demonstrate their clinical relevance and success ratio. Nonetheless, initial data suggests that a biomimetic restorative approach using biomaterials that connect and replace the missing tooth structure and redistribute biologically the loading stress may have a positive impact in terms of tooth preservation in MOD cavities.

Composite resins: why not? / Resinas compostas: por que não?

Direct and indirect restorative techniques have shown clinical longevity. However, composite resins allow the achievement of highly aesthetic treatments and are low-cost procedures with minimal or no wear and are easy to repair. The purpose of this manuscript is stimulate a reflection among readers, avoiding either influences by fads or immediacy or by the social media, remaining firm in the purpose of promoting health respecting the maximum preservation of the dental structure, mainly in young patients. The present article describes the use of composite resin in five clinical cases, demonstrating that direct composite resin restorations should be the treatment of choice to save sound dental structure in addition to a low cost and aesthetic results.

Reflections from undergraduate teaching experiences: some problems and solutions of restoring teeth with dental resin composite instead of dental amalgam.

This is a simple personal reflection on some of the problems and solutions related to the increasing use of composite resin to replace dental amalgam when dental students learn to place restorations at the start of their careers. To the author, much seems common sense. Much is not, or cannot, be backed up by ideal science and some may still be considered outdated to the more progressive practitioner. Unfortunately, prospective, ideally-designed clinical trials may no longer be possible to seek the answers we lack due to ethical, organisational, financial or other constraints.

Management of Open Gingival Embrasures: A Scope for Prosthetic Dentistry

A smile that is pleasing and beaming can be achieved by appropriate position of tooth, periodontal status of the tooth, type of prosthesis, as well as condition of the soft tissue. Any disharmony in these factors can lead to the formation of black triangles which are unesthetic. These unesthetic zones can be corrected by an interdisciplinary approach which includes orthodontic, prosthodontic, periodontic, endodontic branches. The treatment modality that is opted for a particular patient depends on the age of the patient, the biotype of gingiva, the form and condition of the radicular portion of the tooth as well as the interproximal space available. Surgical approach includes the recontouring, reconstructing, preserving of the interdental papilla. Surgical technique includes releasing, reflecting and stabilizing the interdental papilla. The non-surgical approach includes proper aligning of the maligned teeth by fixed orthodontic appliances thus decreasing the crest of bone and contact point distance. Endodontically the gingival black triangles can be treated by the use of composite resin in shades of pink to reproduce gingival contour. Open gingival embrasures can also be corrected with the help of ovate pontics that are easy to design and are more esthetic as compared to the conical pontic. To restore the scalloped architecture of the soft tissue, recontouring of the soft tissue surrounding the restoration followed by placement of ovate pontic can be done which is supported by the adjacent teeth. Open gingival embrasure can be masked with the use of silicones or removable acrylics as a gingival veneer. This type of prosthesis is also helpful in patients who have exposed radicular portion of the tooth because of excessive loss of alveolar bone. This review article discusses about the various etiologic factors accounting to the formation of open gingival embrasures, along with its classification and the various treatment modalities that are taken into consideration.

The knowledge level of dental students on color stability composite resin restoration in the COVID-19 pandemic era

During the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia, all professional program students learning online and still expected to have good knowledge including dental materials. Color stability of anterior teeth restoration is the most important thing. Professional program students with a good level of knowledge were expected to support the use of composite resin towards patients without causing discoloration. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge level of professional program students towards color stability of composite resin restoration in the Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Trisakti in the COVID-19 pandemic era. This was a descriptive observational study using a cross-sectional approach. Data were collected using Google Form with a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. The sample was 100 professional program students who met the inclusion criteria and accepted informed consent. This study found that in the COVID-19 pandemic era, the knowledge level of 49 respondents (49%) was good, 37 respondents (37%) were fairly good and 14 respondents (14%) were less good. The majority of the professional program students of the Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Trisakti were in the good category of knowledge about the color stability of composite resin restoration.

Transformação estética do sorriso com acréscimos estratégicos em resina composta: Caso clínico

Diastemas são espaços interdentais maiores que 0,5mm com etiologia multifatorial que podem comprometer a estética do sorriso. Várias formas de tratamento têm sido relatadas na literatura para sua correção, como: ortodontia, cirurgia, uso de laminados cerâmicos ou resinas compostas. Entretanto, a escolha terapêutica está na dependência da identificação de sua etiologia. O objetivo deste estudo é relatar um caso clínico de fechamento de diastemas com resina composta direta, utilizando guia palatina em silicone, pós-tratamento ortodôntico. Inicialmente foi realizado: seleção de cor da resina composta com a superfície dental hidratada; isolamento absoluto do campo operatório; profilaxia com pasta de pedra pomes e água; condicionamento com ácido fosfórico 37% (30 segundos em esmalte); remoção com spray de água/ar pelo dobro do tempo de condicionamento; secagem; aplicação do adesivo universal (duas camadas); fotopolimerização (20 segundos); confecção da concha palatina, modelação do contornos e superfícies em resina composta; remoção do isolamento do campo operatório; ajuste oclusal e polimento. Conclui-se que: 1) A utilização de resinas compostas para o fechamento de diastemas e remodelação dental com aumento incisal representa. uma escolha de custo acessível e pode ser uma alternativa para finalizações ortodônticas, no fechamento de diastemas. 2) O emprego da guia de silicone proporciona maior facilidade para definição de altura; contornos e confecção da parede palatina, minimizando a necessidade de ajustes. 3) A terapêutica empregada é eficaz para o aprimoramento estético do sorriso, sendo uma técnica conservadora, reversível, previsível e que acarretou a satisfação do paciente.

Influence of Polymeric Restorative Materials on the Stress Distribution in Posterior Fixed Partial Dentures: 3D Finite Element Analysis.

Background: This study evaluated the effect of interim restorative materials (acrylic resin (AR), resin composite (RC) or polyetheretherketone (PEEK) for dental computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM)) on the stress distribution of a posterior three-unit fixed partial denture. Methods: The abutment teeth (first molar and first premolar) were modeled using the BioCAD protocol containing 1.5 mm of axial reduction and converging axial walls. A static structural analysis was performed in the computer-aided engineering software, and the Maximum Principal Stress criterion was used to analyze the prosthesis and the cement layers of both abutment teeth. The materials were considered isotropic, linearly elastic, homogeneous and with bonded contacts. An axial load (600 N) was applied to the occlusal surface of the second premolar. Results: Regardless of the restorative material, the region of the prosthetic connectors showed the highest tensile stress magnitude. The highest stress peak was observed with the use of RC (129 MPa) compared to PEEK and AR. For the cement layers, RC showed the lowest values in the occlusal region (7 MPa) and the highest values for the cervical margin (14 MPa) compared to PEEK (21 and 12 MPa) and AR (21 and 13 MPa). Conclusions: Different interim restorative materials for posterior fixed partial dentures present different biomechanical behavior. The use of resin composite can attenuate the stress magnitude on the cement layer, and the use of acrylic resin can attenuate the stress magnitude on the connector region.

Color assessment of resin composite by using cellphone images compared with a spectrophotometer.

ObjectivesThis study assessed the reliability of digital color measurements using images of resin composite specimens captured with a cellphone.Materials and MethodsThe reference color of cylindrical specimens built-up with the use of resin composite (shades A1, A2, A3, and A4) was measured with a portable spectrophotometer (CIELab). Images of the specimens were obtained individually or pairwise (compared shades in the same photograph) under standardized parameters. The color of the specimens was measured in the images using RGB system and converted to CIELab system using image processing software. Whiteness index (WID) and color differences (ΔE00) were calculated for each color measurement method. For the cellphone, the ΔE00 was calculated between the pairs of shades in separate images and in the same image. Data were analyzed using 2-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (α = 0.05). Linear regression models were used to predict the reference ΔE00 values of those calculated using color measured in the images.ResultsImages captured with the cellphone resulted in different WID values from the spectrophotometer only for shades A3 and A4. No difference to the reference ΔE00 was observed when individual images were used. In general, a similar ranking of ΔE00 among resin composite shades was observed for all methods. Stronger correlation coefficients with the reference ΔE00 were observed using individual than pairwise images.ConclusionsThis study showed that the use of cellphone images to measure the color difference seems to be a feasible alternative providing outcomes similar to those obtained with the spectrophotometer.

Reanatomization of anterior teeth with composite resin: case report

Dental diastema is a space or absence of contact between two consecutive teeth, which may represent an aesthetic embarrassment for the patient when smiling. For the aesthetic resolution of diastema some factors should be evaluated as, age of the patient, dental structure conservation, reversibility of treatment, cost and longevity. For closing diastema, for a long time, the clinical alternatives were the use of orthodontics and fixed prostheses. Currently, with composite resins, it is possible to reproduce natural characteristics of the teeth with a direct, reversible restorative technique, without the wear of healthy dental structure, with affordable cost, able to provide satisfactory aesthetic results. The aim of this study is to report a case of a patient diagnosed with inter incisor diastema and to present a literature review. Patient, male, 70 years old, was attended at oral clinic of Ingá University Center - Uningá, complaining about the aesthetics of his smile. Clinically, was observed the presence of a diastema between upper incisor, fracture of incisal edge of central incisors and poor dental positioning. A reverse planning of the case was carried out through diagnostic waxing. With aid of a silicone guide, the diastema was closed through reanatomizations in composite resin. After the proposed treatment, was possible to obtain a satisfactory aesthetic in the patient's smile. The closure of diastema, with the use of composite resins was able to provide a better contour to the teeth, closing the spaces present, resulting in an aesthetic and pleasant smile.

Current status and perspective of CAD/CAM-produced resin composite crowns: a review of clinical effectiveness.

The purpose of the present review was to survey the available literature on computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM)-produced resin composite materials to provide clinicians with a current overview of the key components necessary for daily clinical use. An electronic search was conducted in the PubMed database. Peer-reviewed articles in English language on the use of resin composites in CAD/CAM dental crowns were included. A total of 122 full-text articles were identified, 15 of which were selected during the initial review. Two additional articles were also discovered through a manual search, to obtain a final total of 17 articles included in the present review. Of these, 16 were to in vitro studies, and one was an in vivo study. Findings from the in vitro studies indicate that resin composite block materials for CAD/CAM applications demonstrate excellent physical properties and are appropriate for the clinical restoration of premolars and molars. However, the in vivo study reported a low 3-year success rate, but high survival rate for resin composite CAD/CAM crowns placed in the premolar region. The key to ensuring the successful prognosis of a resin composite CAD/CAM crown is to ensure that all steps—such as proper case selection, abutment tooth preparation, occlusal adjustment, and bonding—are accurately performed.

In vitro study to evaluate the effect of 2% chlorhexidine solution application on composite restorative bonding strength of primary teeth dentine

Introduction: With the increasing use of composite resin as a cosmetic restorative material at the level of posterior teeth, the trend of clinical and laboratory studies to research mechanical and physical properties related to composites and modern linking systems accompanying their use; The aim is to improve the results of the use of each of them for the better. Aim of the Study: To assess the effect of applying chlorhexidine solution 2% on the forces of bonding compost with temporary dentine, by assessing the marginal leakage. Materials and Methods: The study included 40 healthy, newly extracted, temporary human molar, distributed equally and randomly to two groups, group (1) restored with composite without applying chlorhexidine solution 2%, while group (2) was filled with composites with application of chlorhexidine solution 2% for 60 seconds and after acid scratching Through them, the edge leakage was studied. The composite resin fillings are prepared and then kept it for 6 months with distilled water. The edge leakage test was done with a stereo microscope, with a 20% magnification. Results: The application of chlorhexidine 2% solution did not adversely affect the marginal leakage.

Comparision of microleakage in composite inlays by using different luting cements at different levels – An in vitro study

: Although the use of resin composites has grown considerably, many drawbacks are associated with their use in the posterior region, such as polymerization shrinkage, gap formation, occlusal wear, and color instability. To overcome these clinical challenges, manufacturers developed materials and techniques for indirect construc- tion of resin composite restorations. Freshly extracted eighty premolar teeth were taken for the study which were free from caries, hypoplastic defects and cracks on visual examination. All teeth were cleaned to remove surface debris and calculus by ultrasonic scaler. The teeth were disinfected with 0.1% thymol solution and randomly divided into eight groups of ten (n=10), each based on the storage time, placement of classII cavity gingival margin and the type of luting agent used. Teeth were mounted. Standardized class II inlay box cavities were prepared on each tooth. Out of 80 samples, in 40 samples, the gingival margin was kept 1mm coronal to CEJ i.e supragingival, and for the remaining 40 samples, the gingival margin was kept 1mm apical to CEJ i.e subgingival. Following that, separating medium was applied, composite (Te – economy plus, Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Shaan, Liechtenstein) was placed incrementally and cured initially (40 sec) using halogen light curing unit (spectrum 800, densply sirona) with an intensity 650 mW/cm. Then, the composite inlays were removed from the teeth and post cured in polymat light curing unit (DeltaDental).For group I, III,V,VII, the multilink N was used as luting agent for semi indirect inlays.For group II, IV, VI, VIII the multilink speed was used as luting agent for semi indirect inlays. The luting cements were mixed and applied as per the manufacturers instructions. The samples were thermocycled using Willy tech thermocycler for 500 cycles at 5ºc and 55ºc, with 30 seconds dwell time and 5 seconds transfer. The sections were mounted on slides and the degree of dye penetration was recorded under stereomicroscope with X20 magnification. Leakage was evaluated according to scores mentioned below for the degree of dye penetration. There was no statistically significant difference of microleakage values between the two luting cements for a storage period of 24 hours (P=0.067) (Table 1) whereas there was statistically significant difference between them for a storage period of 2 months (P=0.035) for both supra and sub gingival groups seen at the cervical margin. Within the limitations of the present study, it can be concluded that Within 24 hours storage period there is no much difference in micro leakage between Multilink N (self-etch primer adhesive resin cement) and Multilink speed (self-adhesive resin cement). The greatest level of cervical microleakage was observed in Multilink speed (self-adhesive resin cement) than Multilink N (self-etch primer adhesive resin cement) after 2 months storage period

Ageing of Dental Composites Based on Methacrylate Resins-A Critical Review of the Causes and Method of Assessment.

The paper reviews the environmental factors affecting ageing processes, and the degradation of resins, filler, and the filler-matrix interface. It discusses the current methods of testing materials in vitro. A review of literature was conducted with the main sources being PubMed. ScienceDirect, Mendeley, and Google Scholar were used as other resources. Studies were selected based on relevance, with a preference given to recent research. The ageing process is an inherent element of the use of resin composites in the oral environment, which is very complex and changes dynamically. The hydrolysis of dental resins is accelerated by some substances (enzymes, acids). Bonds formed between coupling agent and inorganic filler are prone to hydrolysis. Methods for prediction of long-term behaviour are not included in composite standards. Given the very complex chemical composition of the oral environment, ageing tests based on water can only provide a limited view of the clinical performance of biomaterial. Systems that can reproduce dynamic changes in stress (thermal cycling, fatigue tests) are better able to mimic clinical conditions and could be extremely valuable in predicting dental composite clinical performance. It is essential to identify procedure to determine the ageing process of dental materials.

Bacterial colonization of composite resins used with direct technique. A brief review.

In restorative dentistry, the use of composite resins with direct technique for the replacement of missing tooth structure is very common. One drawback is that surface roughness allows the adherence of microorganisms and the formation of dental plaque, being the polishing technique a key stage in the restoration process. The aim of this paper is to review the process of bacterial colonization of composite resins used with direct technique. According to in vitro studies, bacterial adhesion on microhybrid composite resins is 3.91 ± 0.52 UFC and on nanohybrid is 3.34 ± 0.74 UFC. Resins with particle size of 2.5 micrometers contained a greater volume of biofilms and enabled adhesion of S. mutans; in turn, resins with particle size of 0.1 to 0.4 micrometers showed lower bacterial adherence. As summary, the degree of bacterial colonization depends on hygiene, polishing technique and composition of restorative material: the bigger the particle size, the greater the adhesion of bacterial plaque.