Use Of Available Land Research Articles

Land Use and Energy Comparison of grid-connected Monocrystalline, and Heterojunction with Intrinsic Thin-layer Solar Technologies using advanced PVsyst Software (A Case Study in Kabul Province, Afghanistan)

This study aims to compare the performance and land use requirements of grid-connected monocrystalline and heterojunction with intrinsic thin-layer (HIT) solar technologies in Kabul Province, Afghanistan, using advanced PVsyst software. A 3 kWp PV system was designed and simulated for both technologies. The results show that HIT panels outperform monocrystalline panels in terms of annual energy production and performance ratio (PR). HIT panels generated 6108 kWh annually with a PR of 85.49%, while monocrystalline panels produced 5969.5 kWh with a PR of 83.56%. Additionally, HIT panels required approximately 8.1% less installation area compared to monocrystalline panels, making them more space-efficient. The findings suggest that the adoption of HIT solar technology can lead to improved energy output and more efficient use of available land, contributing to more sustainable and effective solar energy solutions in the region. Despite potentially higher initial costs, HIT panels can provide better long-term benefits through higher efficiency and lower land use requirements. Further research is recommended to explore the cost-benefit analysis, long-term performance evaluation, sensitivity analysis, grid integration, and policy frameworks related to HIT solar technology in Afghanistan. By addressing these areas, a more comprehensive understanding of the practical implementation and long-term sustainability of HIT solar technology can be achieved, ultimately supporting the transition towards more efficient and environmentally-friendly renewable energy solutions in the country.

OPTIMIZING BROILER FARM DEVELOPMENT IN NABIRE REGENCY, PAPUA PROVINCE, INDONESIA

This study explores the optimization of broiler farming in Nabire Regency, Papua Province, Indonesia. With the aim of addressing the substantial deficit in local broiler meat supply, this research employs a SWOT analysis to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats faced by the broiler farming sector in Nabire. The findings highlight the strategic significance of Nabire's location, the rising demand for broiler meat, and the availability of natural resources and local government support. However, challenges such as limited farmer experience, dependency on external sources for feed and day-old chicks (DOC), and high mortality rates persist. Strategies proposed include increasing the use of available land, providing soft credit, forming cooperatives, and enhancing farmer knowledge through technology transfer. The study underscores the need for comprehensive strategic planning to enhance broiler productivity and meet the local demand for broiler meat effectively.

Ensuring Environmental Friendliness As the Main Tendency In the Development of the Agro-Industrial Complex

The article discusses the possibilities of improving the manageability of agricultural production through the rational use of available land and other agricultural resources, which will increase the environmental friendliness and sustainability of agriculture in the long term. At the same time, state regulation measures should be aimed at increasing the efficiency of the rural economy, improving the quality of life of the rural population, preserving the environment, in particular soil fertility for future generations. The problem of the sustainable development and environmental friendliness of the agricultural sector are analyzed; the need to improve the state socio-economic policy and modern agrarian legislation is emphasized; the problems of ensuring the sustainability of agriculture at the state and regional levels are highlighted; the need to create an effective model for the use of natural resources in order to form sustainable relationships within the national economy; ensuring economic and food security of the country.

PSXIV-20 Genetic Differences Related to Beef Production Traits in Bos Taurus Or Bos Indicus Influenced Cattle

Abstract Global climate change has had, and will continue to have, a negative impact on cattle production. With the global population expected to exceed 9 billion people by 2050, improving production efficiency is imperative to optimizing use of available land and natural resources. One potential method of doing so is to increase the percentage of Bos indicus (BI) genetics in the US beef herd. Compared with Bos taurus (BT) cattle, BI influenced cattle are better adapted to nutritional stress, consume less water, are more heat resistant, and have increased resistance to parasites. The objective of this study was to examine the phenotypic and genotypic outcomes of introducing BI genetics into a BT herd in a temperate climate setting. This study included a live animal trial that utilized a total of 115 steers of two different breeds: Angus (AN; n = 83; 100% BT) or Santa Gertrudis influenced (SG; n = 32; 19% BI, 81% BT). All steers were fed a typical feedlot ration for the area in pens equipped with Vytelle units, weighed every 28 d throughout the trial, and harvested at a commercial facility once industry backfat standards were achieved. Breed did not have an effect (P >0.10) on dry matter intake, average daily gain, gain to feed, ribeye fat thickness, hot carcass weight, or USDA yield grade. Intramuscular fat was increased (P = 0.002) in AN steers, and there was a tendency (P = 0.09) for SG steers to spend more time with their heads down during bunk visits. To better examine the genomic differences between the two beef breeds, DNA from 88 (AN = 58, SG = 30) of the 115 steers was isolated. A Bovine GGP 100k assay was completed commercially, and data were analyzed using Excel and the Multi-Locus Mixed Model of SVS. The traits that were analyzed include average daily gain, gain to feed, dry matter intake, hot carcass weight, marbling score, cold camera ribeye size, ribeye fat thickness, and cold camera yield grade. For each trait, further evaluation was done on SNP markers with the greatest P-values. Differences in allelic combinations that contributed to statistical significance was observed in data attained from dry matter intake, hot carcass weight, marbling score, and cold camera yield grade. Further analysis suggested a potential breed effect on marbling score, cold camera yield grade, and cold camera ribeye size. Additional research is warranted to better understand the relationship between genetics and the observed phenotypic traits, as well as conducting similar analysis on feeding behavior characteristics.

Land suitability for the cultivation of corn (Zea mays) in the municipality of Bužim

Rational use of available land is of great importance for the economic development of every society, especially considering the fact that soil is the primary production resource, thereby placing an even greater importance on its protection and conservation, but also on the correct use of it. This paper focuses on the municipality of Bužim, located in the north/western part of Bosnia and Herzegovina, where the soil suitability for the purposes of corn cultivation were assessed and examined by using the FAO (1976) methodology of AEZ (agroecological zoning), which uses input data such as soil characteristics, climate change, relief patterns of the investigated area, and the requirements of the agricultural crops. Within the municipality of Bužim, 13,026.27 ha of the land is used for agricultural purposes. In regards with the corn, one distinguishes between two categories ofsoil suitability: the suitable classes (S1, S2, S3), which occupy more than 43.44% of the land surface, and the unsuitable class (the N class), which only occupies 0.94% of the land surface. Thus, it can be concluded that conditions necessary for corn do exist within the municipality of Bužim, in the form of land resources, and higher yields can be achieved by implementing landscaping measures and introducing new corn varieties in accordance with the latest scientific and expert achievements.

Operational and embodied emissions associated with urban neighbourhood densification strategies

Urban densification increases the number of people living in urban areas and is hypothesized to be a more efficient use of available land than urban sprawl. The objective of this study was to quantify the operational and embodied emissions created as a result of densification. A ‘Business as usual’ and a ‘Concentrated’ densification strategy were investigated. When densifying at the neighbourhood level, existing buildings can either be replaced or extended to accommodate the additional inhabitants. The densification strategies were applied to two reference urban design neighbourhoods in Switzerland. The ‘Typical’ approach assumed that all the buildings were demolished and rebuilt and the ‘Preserve-existing’ approach involved the extension of existing buildings as much as possible. Construction material choice and modification of the built form were the sources of embodied emissions considered for each strategy. Urban building energy modelling was used to calculate the emissions incurred by heating the buildings and the embodied emissions were calculated using building standards. The operational performance was simulated assuming both a gas boiler and an electric heat pump to determine the influence of the heating system type on the operational emissions. This study found that savings of approximately 30% in embodied emissions can be achieved by extending the existing building stock rather than rebuilding. However, these savings represent a relatively small percentage of the total emissions incurred throughout a building’s lifetime and the savings further diminish in the concentrated densification strategies.

ANALISIS HUBUNGAN PENGUASAAN LAHAN DAN POLA BAGI HASIL DENGAN TINGKAT KEMISKINAN PETANI PENGGARAP

This study aims to analyze the relationship between land tenure and profit sharing patterns with the povertylevel smallholder farmers using a quantitative approach. Data obtained by questionnaire. The respondentswere 396 farmers who were taken by proportionate random sampling technique. Data analysis using SPSSapplication version 23. Test the hypothesis with Spearman Rank statistics. There is a significant relationshipbetween land tenure and profit sharing patterns with poverty levels. With the current land tenure and productionsharing patterns, it turns out that most of the tenants in Maros Regency are vulnerable to poverty. For thisreason, it is necessary to have regulations and policies that enable these vulnerable poor tenants not to becomepoor with the use of available land, as well as mutually beneficial profit sharing schemes between land ownersand smallholders.

Integrated Town Development Plan: Kurduwadi

The nature and economic development of Indian urbanization is characterized by metropolitan domination and polarization. The country's total population increased from 361 million in 1951 to 1,027 million in 2001, while the urban population increased from 62 million to 285 million during the same period. From 23 megacities in 1991 to 35 in 2001, the number has increased considerably. Therefore, it is clear that there is a clear movement towards large cities, possibly as a result of a lack of employment opportunities in small and medium cities and a deficient urban infrastructure. In 1979, the centrally supported scheme for the integrated development of small and medium cities (IDSMT) began and continued through 2004-05 and was incorporated into the UIDSSMT scheme in December 2005. It is important to invest in the development of small urban centers in order to reduce migration to large cities as well as to support the growth of surrounding rural areas. Small and medium towns are generally viewed as a means of balancing urban hierarchy and reducing pressure on primate cities, moderate spatial inequality, and foster factors that may assist in reversing the trend. Kurduwadi city is one of them, such as improper or uncertain use of available land, rising unemployment and migration to cities, unsatisfactory development plans to improve urban development. In this context, through integrated planning, efforts have been measured to obtain the resources needed to achieve each goal and improve strategy. Also by allowing institutions to plan and collaborate in departments, they can create efficiency and pursue new opportunities and help reduce migration to nearby large and metropolitan cities by strengthening the Kurduwadi towns as regional growth centers. Establishing complementary links between nearby villages, towns and cities will create a harmonious settlement pattern. An integrated development plan for the Kurduwadi town reduces some of the ideological concerns and working uncertainties emerging around this initiative through this study. The assessment of integrated town development may be appropriate to determine the future orientation and guidelines for Kurduwadi town.

Gaining Acceptance of Novel Plant Breeding Technologies.

Ensuring the sustainability of agriculture under climate change has led to a surge in alternative strategies for crop improvement. Advances in integrated crop breeding, social acceptance, and farm-level adoption are crucial to address future challenges to food security. Societal acceptance can be slow when consumers do not see the need for innovation or immediate benefits. We consider how best to address the issue of social licence and harmonised governance for novel gene technologies in plant breeding. In addition, we highlight optimised breeding strategies that will enable long-term genetic gains to be achieved. Promoted by harmonised global policy change, innovative plant breeding can realise high and sustainable productivity together with enhanced nutritional traits.

The Degrees оf Soil Suitability in the Municipality of Bužim for the Purpose of Cultivating Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Rational use of available land is of great importance for the economic development of every society, especially when considering the fact, that the soil is a primary production resource, thereby placing an even greater importance on its protection and conservation, but also on the correct use of it. This paper focuses on the municipality of Bužim, located in the north-western part of Bosnia and Herzegovina, where we assessed and examined the soil suitability for the purposes of potato cultivation by using the FAO methodology of AEZ (agro-ecological zoning), which uses input data such as soil characteristics, climate changes, relief patterns of the investigated area, and the requirements of the agricultural crops. Within the municipality of Bužim, 13,026.27 ha of land is used for agricultural purposes. In regards to the potato cultivation, one distinguishes between two categories of soil suitability: the suitable classes (S1, S2, S3) which occupy more than 45% of the land surface, and the unsuitable class (the N class) which only occupies 1.43% of the land surface. Thus, it can be concluded that conditions necessary for potato production do exist within the municipality of Bužim in the form of land resources, and higher yields can be achieved by implementing landscaping measures and introducing new potato varieties in accordance with the latest scientific and expert achievements.

Drip Fertigation in Pulses - A Novel Approach to Boon the Yield

In near future, several developing countries would face major challenge in achieving sustainable food security. For enhancing sustainable food production, proper and effective use of available land, water and fertilizer resources are essential.

Natural resource management for enhancing farmer's income: An optimal crop planning approach in Bihar

To maximize the income of farming community of the state and also to maintain the nutritional demand of an ever-increasing population, it is important to optimize the use of available land and water resources. An attempt has been made to revise the existing cropping pattern using linear programming considering land and groundwater as constraints. Data of Comprehensive Cost of Cultivation Scheme, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, GOI for the block year 2008-11 for Bihar was used to estimate the net returns at market price (MP), economic price (EP) and natural resource valuation (NRV) for obtaining an optimum crop plan. The optimal crop plan at existing groundwater use revealed the decline in gross cropped area (GCA) by -1.41% of existing GCA of the state. Few crops like paddy, wheat, ragi, sunflower and jute recorded declining trend in its area probably because of large water consuming crops. When groundwater use was increased by 25% of the existing GW use, the optimal crop plan indicated increase in GCA by 15.73% with respect to existing GCA. The level of profit would be earned more by 9% in optimum crop plan as compared to existing optimum crop plan. The optimum crop plan could be profitable and successful, when water development is further enhanced coupled with cheap source of irrigation facilities (electric and solar operated devices) made available to the farming community.

ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP) UNTUK PENENTUAN RANGKING PENGGUNAAN LAHAN

In urban spatial planning, the Local Government prioritizes land use to support planning development. The use of available land in an area must be adjusted to the function. So far, sometimes in an area the use of available land in an area does not fit with its function. Therefore, in this research will be determined the priority and ranking of land use by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Ranking is based on four aspect criterias: social demography, economic, spatial and regional plan (RTRW), and environmental aspect. Based on the alternatives and criteria and also subcriteria, the decision hierarchy model is made. Then it will be assessed for the comparison between criterias and subcriterias and their consistency value. The result is achieved by using Expert Choice software version 11 and analysis, it showed that the main priority of land allocation in Sidoarjo regency was used as agricultural land (31.9%).

Efficient conversion of solar energy to biomass and electricity.

The Earth receives around 1000 W.m−2 of power from the Sun and only a fraction of this light energy is able to be converted to biomass (chemical energy) via the process of photosynthesis. Out of all photosynthetic organisms, microalgae, due to their fast growth rates and their ability to grow on non-arable land using saline water, have been identified as potential source of raw material for chemical energy production. Electrical energy can also be produced from this same solar resource via the use of photovoltaic modules. In this work we propose a novel method of combining both of these energy production processes to make full utilisation of the solar spectrum and increase the productivity of light-limited microalgae systems. These two methods of energy production would appear to compete for use of the same energy resource (sunlight) to produce either chemical or electrical energy. However, some groups of microalgae (i.e. Chlorophyta) only require the blue and red portions of the spectrum whereas photovoltaic devices can absorb strongly over the full range of visible light. This suggests that a combination of the two energy production systems would allow for a full utilization of the solar spectrum allowing both the production of chemical and electrical energy from the one facility making efficient use of available land and solar energy. In this work we propose to introduce a filter above the algae culture to modify the spectrum of light received by the algae and redirect parts of the spectrum to generate electricity. The electrical energy generated by this approach can then be directed to running ancillary systems or producing extra illumination for the growth of microalgae. We have modelled an approach whereby the productivity of light-limited microalgae systems can be improved by at least 4% through using an LED array to increase the total amount of illumination on the microalgae culture.

Community Participation In Wetland Conservation In Nepal

Community participation plays vital role in the development of capacity for the management and utilization of their resources in sustainable way. There are ample success stories for proper management of common property resources through community management. Wetland resources are widely used by the local communities for their sustenance and economic well-being. In such case, local participation is effective tool for establishing an ecologically balanced use of available land and water resources. The participation of the wetland users is crucial for extenuating the problems related to wetland. This paper includes some ideas about community participation and role of local people in wetland conservation and management, reason for conservation of wetland sites, wetland policy based on local participation, and approaches for ensuring participation in wetland conservation programs. The Journal of Agriculture and Environment Vol:12, Jun.2011, Page 140-147 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/aej.v12i0.7574

Rainfed areas and animal agriculture in Asia: the wanting agenda for transforming productivity growth and rural poverty.

The importance of rainfed areas and animal agriculture on productivity enhancement and food security for economic rural growth in Asia is discussed in the context of opportunities for increasing potential contribution from them. The extent of the rainfed area of about 223 million hectares and the biophysical attributes are described. They have been variously referred to inter alia as fragile, marginal, dry, waste, problem, threatened, range, less favoured, low potential lands, forests and woodlands, including lowlands and uplands. Of these, the terms less favoured areas (LFAs), and low or high potential are quite widely used. The LFAs are characterised by four key features: i) very variable biophysical elements, notably poor soil quality, rainfall, length of growing season and dry periods, ii) extreme poverty and very poor people who continuously face hunger and vulnerability, iii) presence of large populations of ruminant animals (buffaloes, cattle, goats and sheep), and iv) have had minimum development attention and an unfinished wanting agenda. The rainfed humid/sub-humid areas found mainly in South East Asia (99 million ha), and arid/semi-arid tropical systems found in South Asia (116 million ha) are priority agro-ecological zones (AEZs). In India for example, the ecosystem occupies 68% of the total cultivated area and supports 40% of the human and 65% of the livestock populations. The area also produces 4% of food requirements. The biophysical and typical household characteristics, agricultural diversification, patterns of mixed farming and cropping systems are also described. Concerning animals, their role and economic importance, relevance of ownership, nomadic movements, and more importantly their potential value as the entry point for the development of LFAs is discussed. Two examples of demonstrated success concern increasing buffalo production for milk and their expanded use in semi-arid AEZs in India, and the integration of cattle and goats with oil palm in Malaysia. Revitalised development of the LFAs is justified by the demand for agricultural land to meet human needs e.g. housing, recreation and industrialisation; use of arable land to expand crop production to ceiling levels; increasing and very high animal densities; increased urbanisation and pressure on the use of available land; growing environmental concerns of very intensive crop production e.g. acidification and salinisation with rice cultivation; and human health risks due to expanding peri-urban poultry and pig production. The strategies for promoting productivity growth will require concerted R and D on improved use of LFAs, application of systems perspectives for technology delivery, increased investments, a policy framework and improved farmer-researcher-extension linkages. These challenges and their resolution in rainfed areas can forcefully impact on increased productivity, improved livelihoods and human welfare, and environmental sustainability in the future.

Challenges and opportunities for sustainable livestock production in the UK

SummaryMeat and milk production generally gets a bad press when it comes to discussions around climate change and food production. However, with a rising population, a balance has to be found between the environmental cost of producing and the benefits in terms of food security. Consequently, sustainable production is the byword. The beef, sheep meat, pig meat and dairy industries all have specific challenges in work to reduce their environmental impact. This paper examines some of these challenges, the research which has been undertaken into their scale, routes being exploited to improve efficiency and what gains have already been achieved. It also looks at some of the mitigating factors of dairy and livestock production that help mitigate any environmental costs and ensure we are making the most efficient use of available land.

How can tourism use land more efficiently? A model-based approach to land-use efficiency for tourist destinations

In densely populated areas of Central Europe, many successful tourist destinations face the problem of approaching the limit of their growth potential. Solutions to this problem commonly refer to the idea of “smart growth” based on increasing efficiency in the use of nature for economic production (eco-efficiency). In this paper, we show how eco-efficiency can be used to evaluate tourism strategies on local scale based on an augmented regional input–output model that delivers information on economic performance, land use (as indicator for environmental pressure), and employment. We illustrate this approach via a case study of the tourist destination of Davos in the Swiss Alps. The model predicts that the key drivers of land-use efficiency are: (i) the economic impact of tourists, (ii) occupancy intensity, and (iii) the density of beds per area covered by residential buildings and hotels. The economic impact of increasing bed capacity is highly dependent on the tourist category triggering the development; this can also be used to attract new tourist categories at the expense of tourist categories that make inefficient use of available land. As the impact of an increased density of beds per ground floor area is as high as an improved occupancy rate over during the year, spatial planning, building design, and facility management also play a major role in improving land efficiency in the tourism sector.

The terminalization of supply chains: reassessing the role of terminals in port/hinterland logistical relationships

The paper discusses how logistics service providers are using terminals in their supply chains. It argues that an increasing ‘terminalization’ of supply chains is unfolding, whereby seaport and inland terminals are taking up a more active role in supply chains by increasingly confronting market players with operational considerations such as imposing berthing windows, dwell time charges, truck slots, all this to increase throughput, optimize terminal capacity and make the best use of available land. With the development of inland terminals, a new dimension is being added: logistics players are now making best use of the free time available in seaports terminals and inland terminals, thereby optimizing the terminal buffer function. As a result, transport terminals are achieving an additional level of integration within supply chains that goes beyond their conventional transshipment role. Given increasing levels of vertical integration in the market and an increasing pressure on port capacity, a further terminalization of supply chains is likely to occur, which will strengthen the active role of terminals in logistics.

Connecting a personal windmill to a site-wide DC BUS

An alternative to energy produced by fossil fuels is wind energy, which is clean and renewable. The bulk of currently available wind power is produced on large wind farms, which are operated by power companies. These wind farms use up vast amount of space and are usually located away from residential areas. One way to make better use of available land would be to allow institutions to install small windmills on their own properties. These small windmills would help to offset the load placed on the grid by the residence. This paper presents a DC-DC converter system for such an application and discusses a control method to inject power from a small wind turbine into a site-wide DC BUS. The converter system has been simulated to study the response due to power fluctuation and the results are presented. A prototype converter has also been built in the laboratory and the performance of the converter system is presented.