Use In Ceramic Industry Research Articles

Technological characterization of Guayabo group clays from Cúcuta-El Zulia sector for use in ceramic industry

The present study characterized the clays found in the Guayabo group in the metropolitan area of Cúcuta. Material samples were taken at 2km south of Cúcuta – El Zulia road, right on the border between the two municipalities. The objective was to evaluate the chemical, mineralogical composition and behavior of the raw material for the elaboration of ceramic tiles. Techniques such as X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence were used. Physic-ceramic parameters were determined, such as the percentage of shrinkage per shot, water absorption and resistance to bending. The results showed a majority composition of quartz (above 57%), which is consistent with a high silica content (higher than 68%). Firing parameters revealed low contractions, a medium degree of water absorption, and a lower resistance value compared with the standard, therefore it is recommended to mix this clay with materials that improve the resistance value in order to comply with product quality standards.

Anthropogenic Resources of Carbon Series of Eastern Donbass and Prospects of Their Use in Ceramic Industry

Anthropogenic Resources of Carbon Series of Eastern Donbass and Prospects of Their Use in Ceramic Industry

Vitrification of red mud with mine wastes through melting and granulation process – Preparation of glass ball

Concentrated radioactive elements and high alkalinity prevent the general usage of red mud to the glass-ceramics and construction materials. Gold tailing has inadequate particle sizes (≤100μm) for use in ceramic industry, and waste limestone contains lime of too low quantity. Hence, the combinatorial design for the utilization of these industrial wastes was investigated to obtain functional and environmentally stabilized glass ball. Red mud (RM) was vitrified by melting and granulation process with addition of gold tailing (GT) and waste limestone (WL). The mass ratio between raw materials (RM:GT:WL=1:1:1) and the viscosity of the glass melts (1.5Pa·s) were optimized for the melting and granulation process. From gamma spectroscopy, the radioactive nuclide concentration in the granulated glass ball was significantly decreased. Also, the granulated glass balls showed excellent resistance against leaching of heavy metal ions based on the results of the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP).

Characterization and traditional ceramic application of clays from the Douiret region in South Tunisia

This study of the Aptian clays of Douiret (south-east of Tunisia) and their use in ceramic industry is original. At first, mineralogical, chemical, physical and thermal analyses of these clays are given. In terms of mineralogy, they can be considered as illitic clays (50–67%). However, other clay minerals, such as kaolinite, I/Sm mixed-layer, quartz, feldspar, dolomite and hematite, are present in small quantities. Next, this study reveals that the average amounts of silica and potassium are 53.9% and 3.3% respectively. The amount of alumina and iron oxide, with an average of 16.8% and 6.3% respectively, is variable. The plasticity test shows a high value (PI=39–56%). The mineralogical changes during the firing process were recorded via the X-ray diffraction of the raw clays and subsequent firing at 300, 700, 800, 900 and 1150°C for 3h with heating rate of 10°C/min. The main transformations were observed at 900°C with the appearance of new crystalline phases especially mullite, anortite and spinel. Technical tests show that the properties fall within the ceramic International Standards (ISO). Finally, ceramic tiles and bricks prepared from these clays have suitable characteristics without defects and can be classified in group BIII according to the European Standard NF EN 159 (1991).

Assessment of clays from Puertollano (Spain) for their use in fine ceramic by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy

Four different samples of sterile waste clays resulting from the coal mining activity in Puertollano (Ciudad Real, Spain) have been assessed for their potential use in the ceramic industry. Raw and calcined samples have been characterized by atomic absorption, X-Ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and second derivative of the diffuse reflectance spectra. This last measurement allowed not only the detection but also the quantification of the amounts of hematite and goethite responsible for the reddish color. This method proved to be the most accurate and successful in the determination of the samples' composition. Particularly, one of the clay samples was found to be suitable for its use in the fine ceramic industry, whereas other clay samples could be utilized in the production of bricks or as reddish pigments.

Composition and Ceramic Properties of Carbonate-Bearing: Illitic Clays from North-Eastern Tunisia

The Aptian clays of Jebel Ressas (north-east of Tunisia) have been studied for their use in ceramic industry. At first, mineralogical, chemical, physical, and thermal analyses of these clays are given. Indeed, illite is the main mineral (60–65 wt%) but other minerals; quartz, kaolinite, interstratified illite/smectite, calcite and feldspar, are present in small quantities. Next, this study reveals that the average amounts of silica and potassium are 51.57 and 3.35 wt%, respectively. The percentage of potassium is also quite high, suggesting the presence of illite. The amount of alumina is in average of 19.01 wt%. The contents of lime and iron vary between 5 and 8 wt%. The grain size data indicate a silt-dominated assemblage. The plasticity test shows a medium value (PI= 16–20 wt%). The firing shrinkage and the expansion are limited. The absence of expansible minerals in these clays explains why the plasticity and the linear shrinkage are limited. Finally, two mixtures M1 and M2 prepared from these clays show that ceramic properties respect the norm and the industrial tests confirm that these clays could be used in manufacturing of bricks and earthenware tiles.

Investigation of possibility for stabilization and valorization of electric ARC furnace dust and glass from electronic waste

This paper presents investigation of possibility for electric arc furnace dust (EAFD) and electronic waste (e-waste) valorization trough stabilization process, in order to achieve concurrent management of these two serious ecological problems. EAFD is an ineviTab. waste material coming from the electric arc furnace steel production process, classified as a hazardous waste. Furthermore, it is well known that residual materials generated in the ewaste recycling process, like LCD (Liquid crystal displays) waste glass, are not suiTab. for landfill or incineration. In this study, these two materials were used for investigation of possibility for their valorization in ceramic industry. Thus, an innovative synergy of waste streams from metallurgical and e-waste recycling industry is presented. Investigation included a complex characterization of raw materials and their mixtures, using chemical methods, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, as well as methods for determining the physical and mechanical properties. Based on these results, it was found that material suiTab. for use in ceramics industry as a partial substituent of quartzite and fluxing components can be produced. Besides solving the environmental problem related to EAFD and LCD disposal, by replacement of raw materials certain economic effects can be achieved.

POSSIBLE USE OF FLY ASH IN CERAMIC INDUSTRIES: AN INNOVATIVE METHOD TO REDUCE ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

The process of coal combustion results in coal ash, 80% of which is very fine in nature & is thus known as fly ash. Presently, in India, about 120 coal based thermal power plants are producing about 90-120 million tons of fly ash every year. With increase in demand of power energy, more and more thermal power plants are expected to commission in near future and it is expected that fly ash generation will be 225 million tons by 2017. Disposal of fly ash requires large quantity of land, water and energy and its fine particles, if not disposed properly, by virtue of their weightless, can become air born and adversely affect the entire Environment. These earth elements primarily consist of silica, alumina & iron etc. and its physicochemical parameters are closely resembles with volcanic ash, natural soil etc. These properties, therefore, makes it suitable for use in ceramic industries and helps in saving the environment and resources.

Potentialité d'utilisation d'argiles marocaines de Jbel Kharrou dans l'industrie céramique

The Ordovician clays of Jbel Kharrou (Rehamna, Morocco) have been studied for their use in ceramic industry. The realised studies were carried out on two samples B1 and B2, the most representative, taken from a clay dominated formation that outcrops 25 km east of the Skhour Rehamna city. The chemical analyses, mineralogical studies and advanced technological tests undertaken on the two samples indicate that these clays can be considered as non-refractory material, so they can be used to the manufacturing of ceramic products: soil and wall tiles, sanitary, pottery, etc. The tested briquettes, cooked at 1040 °C, remain flat, without deformation or defects; they are of cream white dye. These briquettes show a high mechanical resistance to the flexion, the loss in weight remains tolerable with cooking, lightly elevated (12% ); it can be corrected by the addition of a grease-remover. To cite this article: N. El Yakoubi et al., C. R. Geoscience 338 (2006).

Evaluation of Physico-Thermal Characteristics of Mulieh Clay in Jaintia Hills, Meghalaya for Suitability in Ceramic Industry

The physico-thermal properties of kaolinised rocks occurring at the Northern part of Mulieh village of Jaintia Hills, Meghalaya were studied with a view to find out its possible use in ceramic industry. The study was conducted on the crude as well as washed fractions of Grade I and Grade II clays obtained by systematic levigation. The investigation included the determination of unfired physical properties of all the three fractions of the clay leading to the suitability in ceramic industry. The PCE values and the fired characteristics at six different temperatures starting from 1200° to 1450°C at the interval of 50°C of all the three levigated fractions of the clay were determined. The results indicated that the crude clay being non-slaking in nature and contained about 68% residual fraction required proper processing for using it successfully in producing ceramic articles. Grade I clay when mixed with other ceramic raw materials in right proportions may prove promising in the manufacture of ceramic whiteware products except, of course, porcelain crockery due to the off-white fired colour. On the other hand, Grade II fraction which the industry may find useful if formulated judiciously considering the physico-chemical properties of the clay.

Physico-Chemical Characterization of Meghalaya Clays for use in Ceramics

The physico-chemical properties of kaolinised granites occurring near Darugiri area of East Garo Hills, Meghalaya were studied with a view to finding out their possible use in ceramic industry. Two samples collected from two different blocks of the area were evaluated for the purpose. The study was conducted on the crude as well as washed fractions of grade I and grade II clays as obtained by levigation at the Institute. The investigation included the determination of unfired physical properties, fired characteristics at five different temperatures and the PCE value. The results indicate that washed fractions of clay No. 1 in particular are quite promising for the manufacture of various kinds of whitewares when judiciously formulated with other ceramic raw materials. On the other hand, washed clay No. 2, due to its off-white colour on firing, is suitable for other types of ceramic products except porcelain dinnerware.