ObjectiveTo assess the duration needed for regaining normal bladder voiding function in patients with postoperative bladder dysfunction requiring intermittent self-catheterization after deep endometriosis surgery, and identify risk factors that might affect the recovery process. DesignRetrospective study based on data recorded in a large prospective database. SettingEndometriosis referral center. PatientsFrom September 2018 to June 2022, 1,900 patients underwent excision of deep endometriosis in our center. 61 patients were discharged with recommendation for intermittent self-catheterization and were thus included in the study. InterventionsIntermittent self-catheterization after endometriosis surgery. Measurements and Main Results43 patients (70.5%) stopped self-catheterization during the follow up period. Median follow up was 25 weeks (range, 7 to 223 weeks). Surgery was performed laparoscopically in 48 patients (78.7%) and robotically in 13 (21.3%). 47 patients (77%) had nodules involving the digestive tract, 11 (18%) had urinary tract involvement, 29 had parametrial nodules (47.5%) and 13 (21.3%) had sacral plexus involvement. The probability of bladder voiding function recovery and arrest of self-catheterization was 24.5%, 54%, 59%, 72%, and 77% at 4, 8, 12, 52, and 78 weeks respectively. Cox's multivariate model identified preoperative bladder dysfunction as the only statistically significant independent predictor for arrest of self-catheterization (HR 0.36, 95%CI 0.15-0.83). ConclusionsPatients requiring intermittent self-catheterization for bladder dysfunction after deep endometriosis excision may spontaneously recover bladder function in 77% of cases. Symptoms suggesting preoperative bladder voiding dysfunction should be reviewed before planning surgery, and patients should be informed of the higher postoperative risk of long-term bladder voiding dysfunction.